Mr. Petersen

Bonneville Junior High

Lesson 909th Grade

Self Starter * 20 Points * 2/23/2015 * Lesson 90

• Today’s Learning Objective: The students will be able to describe how waves move through water.

• Essential Question: What percentage of the Earth’s water is found in the oceans?

• Answer: 97%

• Homework: Study for Tomorrow’s Quiz

Gather up the Self-Starter Assignment

• Paper clip this assignment by class period.

• I will correct these tomorrow.

9th Grade *Glossary List * Portfolio 6 [ 1]

Directions: Make sure you write down the whole definition

1. Upwelling-

2. Weathering-

3. Outgassing-

4. Salinity-

5. Ocean Basin Floor-

6. Oceanic Zone-

7. Tsunamis-

Assignment Log * Portfolio 6

Assignment Number

Assignment Title Lesson Number

1 Glossary 84-112

2 PowerPoint Questions 84

3 Cornell Notes 85

4 USOE Earth Science Book Chapter Review p. 197 87

5 USOE Science Book Review Questions Page 200 89

6

7

8

Call on 12 students to read from the following slides.

• Have the students take out a blank sheet of lined paper to make a study sheet for tomorrow’s quiz.

Oceanic Movements

• Waves

• Reader 1: Most ocean waves are caused by winds. A wave is the transfer of energy through matter. Ocean waves transfer energy from wind through water. The energy of a wave may travel for thousands of miles. However, the water itself moves very little. The Figure on the next slide shows how water molecules move when a wave goes by.

The energy of a wave travels through the water as a medium.

The Size of Waves * Student Read

• Reader 2: The diagram on the last slide also shows how the size of waves is measured. The highest point of a wave is the crest. The lowest point is the trough.

• Reader 3: The vertical distance between a crest and a trough is the height of the wave. Wave height is also called amplitude.

• Reader 4: The horizontal distance between two crests is the wavelength. Both amplitude and wavelength are measures of wave size.

Review these questions and answers.Students Should make a study sheet for tomorrow’s quiz.

1. What is the highest point of a wave called?• Crest

2. What is the lowest point of a wave called?• Trough

3. What is Wave height called? Starts with an “A”.• Amplitude

The Size of Waves * Student Read

• Reader 5: The size of a wave depends on how fast, how far, and how long the wind blows. The greater each of these factors is, the bigger a wave will be.

• Reader 6: Some of the biggest waves occur with hurricanes. A hurricane is a storm that forms over the ocean.

• Reader 7: Its winds may blow more than 150 miles per hour! The winds also travel over long distances and may last for many days.

• 4. Where does a hurricane form?

• Over the ocean

Breaking Waves * Teacher Read

• Teacher Read: In shallow water, the waves touch the bottom. Dragging on the bottom causes the waves to slow down. They start to pile up. They get steeper and tip forward. When they reach the shore, the waves topple over and break.

Tsunamis * Teacher Read

• Teacher Read: Not all waves are caused by winds. Earthquakes also send waves through water. A tsunami is a wave caused by an earthquake. It may be a very big wave. When a tsunami reaches shallow water near shore, it is likely to flood the land. Tsunamis often cause deaths and destroy property.

• 5. What causes a tsunamis wave?

• Earthquakes under the ocean.

Tides * Student Read

• Reader 8: Tides are daily changes in the level of ocean water. They occur all around the globe.

• Reader 9: High tides occur when the water reaches its highest level. Low tides occur when the water reaches its lowest level.

• Reader 10: Tides keep cycling from high to low and back again. The water level rises and falls twice a day. As a result, in most places there are two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours.

• Reader 11: In the figure on the next slide, you can see the difference between high and low tides. The difference between the high and low tide is the tidal range.

Where is the intertidal zone in this picture?

Why Tides Occur

• Teacher Read: The Figure to the side shows why tides occur. The main reason is the pull of the moon’s gravity on Earth and its oceans. The pull is greatest on whatever is closest to the moon. As a result:

• 6. What causes tides?

• The pull of the moon’s gravity on Earth and its oceans.

Teacher Read

• As a result:– Water on the side

of Earth facing the moon is pulled hardest by the moon’s gravity. This causes a bulge of water on that side of Earth. This creates a high tide.

• Reader 12: Earth itself is pulled harder by the moon’s gravity than is the ocean on the side of Earth opposite the moon. As a result, there is bulge of water on that side of Earth as well. This creates another high tide.

With water bulging on two sides of Earth, there’s less water left on the rest of Earth. This creates low tides on the other sides.

Tsunamis *