lehigh net neutrality colloquium (no video) final
TRANSCRIPT
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Net Neutrality
Inside the Network
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Net Neutrality
• Introduction
• What is Net Neutrality
• Key Stakeholders
• Balancing Free Market Principles
• History / Framework
• Network Technologies
• Last mile technologies deliver different user experiences
• Oversubscription of edge to core
• Middle mile
• Content Providers
• Public Engagement
• Rulemaking process
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Don Holloway
• MBA, Lehigh University
• “Birds of a Feather” - Joint project between CSE and CBE• 2007 study of social networking
• Telecommunications Account Executive
• Sales of large scale systems• Working 12 – 24 months ahead of market
• 12 - 18 month sales cycle
• 12 – 18 month development cycle
• Network neurologist
@donholloway
www.donholloway.com
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Network Operations Optimization Priorities
• 90% problem cells fixed
• DCR improved by 30%
• RRC Estab. FR 25% better
• Coverage 10-20% better
• European Operator
electricity bill for cell sites:
€200m p.a.
• 30% of sites could be turned
down 30% of time
• Massive savings to realize
• Traffic grows by 90% p.a.
• Self Planning SON
• Capitalize on planning
know-how and software
Coverage/capacity +
neighbors + load
balancing + cell outage
detection
SON
changes
applied
Self Planning for traffic
offload – eg Small CellsEnergy Saving
Self planning new
coverage/capacity
e.g. Small cells
Capacity not
needed during
night time
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What is Net Neutrality?
• Simple definition
• The principle that Internet service providers (ISPs) should treat all data that
travels over their networks equally
• Key Issues
• Free speech / censorship
• Role of Government
• Competition / Anti-trust
• Legal
• Technology
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Key Stakeholders• Last mile ISPs
• Cable companies – Comcast, Time Warner Cable, Cox, Charter, Verizon
• Wired telecom – AT&T, Verizon, Century Link, Frontier, Google
• Wireless carriers – Verizon Wireless, AT&T, Sprint, TMobile, US Cellular
• Government
• FCC
• Courts
• Federal and State governments
• Information Content Providers
• Internet services – email, search, web-browsing, social networking
• Real Time Entertainment – YouTube, Netflix, Hulu, HBO, Gaming, NFL
• Communications –Skype, Facetime, What’s App
• Users
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Wireline traffic by application
1H 2014 data – www.et.gy/sandvine-internet
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Balancing Free Market Principles
Network Value Economics
• Bigger is better for
consumers and for
businesses• Metcalfe’s Law
• More elements mean more
potential connections for
each user
• Sarnoff’s Law
• Value of a broadcast
network is proportional to
the number of viewers
Competition
• Law of the land
• Sherman Anti Trust
• Protection for Free Speech
• “Master Switch” argument
• Industrial structure, not
government, that most
impacts free speech
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History / Framework
• 1860 – Telegraph “neutrality” – first in / first out (except government)
• 1934 – Communications Act of 1934, Federal Law, authorizes FCC
• Title I – General Provisions
• Title II – Common Carriers
• Title III – Provisions related to radio
• Title IV – Procedural and administrative provisions
• Title V – Penal provisions, forfeitures
• Title VI – Cable communications (added in 1984)
• Title VII – Miscellaneous provisions
• 1992 – Cable Consumer Protection and Competition
• Required cable to carry local broadcast and prohibited from charging
• 1996 – New Telecommunications Act (amended 1934)
• Section 706 empowers FCC to promote broadband competition
• Regulated unbundling of network elements
• 2008 – Comcast / FCC order restricting management of peer to peer traffic
• 2010 – Court vacates order, FCC issues Open Internet Order (transparency, anti-blocking, anti-
discriminating) for cable, DSL, fiber – citing Section 706 (promoting competition) as authority
• 2011 – Verizon successfully sues FCC over authority to regulate internet. Court upholds authority
of 706 with regards to net neutrality, but some regulations (anti-discrimination, anti-blocking) were
reserved for Title II
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Net Neutrality
• Introduction
• What is Net Neutrality
• Key Stakeholders
• Balancing Free Market Principles
• History / Framework
• Network Technologies
• Last mile technologies deliver different user experiences
• Oversubscription of edge to core
• Middle mile
• Content Providers
• Public Engagement
• Rulemaking process
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Last Mile Networks
Cable Wired telco Cellular
Cable and cellular users share a common transport reducing per user
bandwidth
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Oversubscription
Cable Wired telco Cellular
Oversubscription uses routing prioritization during peak volume times
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Middle Mile
Cable Wired telco Cellular
Core network transport impacts Quality of Service (QoS)
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Internet Content Providers
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Where can a Internet Content Provider invest to
compete by improving the customer experience?
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Additional Capacity in the Middle Mile
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Collocate Content Delivery Node
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Net Neutrality
• Introduction
• What is Net Neutrality
• Key Stakeholders
• Balancing Free Market Economics and Principles
• History / Framework
• Network Technologies
• Last mile technologies deliver different user experiences
• Oversubscription of edge to core
• Middle mile
• Content Providers
• Public Opinion
• Rulemaking process
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Public engagement in process
• February 19, 2014
• Chairman Wheeler issues a statement on Open Internet Rules
• Intent to propose new rules
• Explore use of Section 706
• Solicit public comment
• Enhance competition, keep Title II authority
• May 15, 2014
• FCC approves Notice of Proposed Rulemaking
• Should the FCC should bar paid prioritization completely?
• Should the FCC apply Open Internet rules to mobile broadband Internet
service, not just fixed broadband Internet?
• Should the FCC reclassify broadband Internet service as a
telecommunications service under Title II of the Telecommunications Act?
• July 15, 2014
• Public comment period extended until September 10th
8/5/14 FCC released a
bulk machine readable
archive of 1.1 million
comments received
during first comment
period
10/19/14 FCC released
an additional 2,444,672
comments received
during additional
comment period
Previous highest comments were
1.48M over Janet Jackson
“nipplegate” Superbowl half time
show
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Public Opinion
• Survey
• University of Delaware Center for Political Communication
(www.et.gy/DelCPC)
• Only 10% of the population were familiar with the issue
• Most of them get information from satirical shows
• Strong opposition to the concept of fast lanes
• Public Comment
• Sunlight Foundation analysis of first 800,000 (www.et.gy/sunlight-net)
• Less than 1% oppose Net Neutrality
• 60% form letters (less than typical)
• About 2/3rd were opposed to paid prioritization or speed tiers
• Roughly the same asked for Title II classification
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Key Issue Summary
• Role of government• Strong Title II regulation vs. promoting competition through Section 706
• FCC considering at hybrid approach
• Free Speech• Explicit anti-discrimination law through Title II
• Monopolistic structures risk market led censorship
• Impact of tiered services
• Competition• Last mile
• Information Content Providers• This is where the disruptive innovators are