legacy roads and trails report, 2013

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Restoration in Action: The First Five Years of the

Legacy Roads and Trails Program

April 2013



“I am honored to have helped to create the Forest Service Legacy Roads and Trails

Program. I have watched the work across the nation, especially

in the Skokomish Valley in the Sixth Congressional District.

This work has helped restore watersheds and improve water quality and fsh habitat, and at the same time provided jobs that are

desperately needed in our rural communities.

This is a great program and one that I am proud to have sponsored.

A lot more restoration work is needed, so I hope this program will continue

to help the Forest Service get the job done.”

— The Honorable Norm Dicks

U.S. Representative for Washington’s 6th Congressional District, 1977 – 2012

We thank USDA Forest Service sta for their assistance in providing data and images, and Marlies Wierenga,Dave Heller, and Dan Funsch for their dedication, long hours, and hard work.

Restoration in Action:

The First Five Years of the Legacy Roads and Trails Program April 2013

Cover photo credits: Recontoured road on the Gallatin National Forest, MT, credit: Wildlands CPR; fsherperson, photo credit: Kent Miller.



RestoRation in action 1

executive summaRy

The Legacy Roads and Trails Remediation Program

(Legacy Roads and Trails) is a cornerstone o watershedrestoration in our National Forests. Created to fx environmental

problems resulting rom the Forest Service’s extensive roadand trail system, Legacy Roads and Trails has reduced stream

pollution, restored fsh and wildlie habitat, created jobs, andimproved essential roads to ensure sae access. Legacy Roads

and Trails has been a success rom the start; it is smartly andeciently managed, and achieves on-the-ground results in realtime.

Since its inception in 2008, Congress has appropriated $270

million to Legacy Roads and Trails. With these unds, the ForestService has:

✔ Decommissioned 4,510 miles of unneeded roads to

reconnect habitat and greatly reduce the delivery o sediment to streams;

✔ Maintained and/or storm-proofed 12,053 miles

of needed roads to increase their ability to stand-upduring powerul storms and ensure sae access;

✔ Restored sh passage at 823 sites to provide fsh andother aquatic species access to more than 1,000 mileso upstream habitat;

✔ Upgraded or xed 3,215 miles of trails to guaranteerecreationists can saely use the areas they love;

✔ Created or maintained an average of 810-1,296 jobs annually; and

✔ Reduced annual road maintenance costs by

approximately $3 million per year.

Legacy Roads and Trails was created specifcally to providecrucial resources to fx and storm-proo the roads we need,

and to reclaim unneeded roads causing the most damage. TheLegacy Roads and Trails program is a proven tool that:

• Restores clean water and healthy fsheries, andreconnects ragmented wildlie habitat;

• Saves taxpayer money and creates high-wage jobs;• Ensures safe and reliable access or recreation and

resource management; and• Enjoys broad support by a wide variety o partners.

This report highlights Legacy Roads and Trails accomplishmentsduring its frst fve years. It provides a general accounting o

appropriated unds and spotlights a sampling o projects romacross the country. As illustrated here, Legacy Roads and Trails

is a mission-critical program or the Forest Service that deservescontinued investment.

Photo credit: USFW

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS



2 the FiRst Five yeaRs oF the Legacy Roads and tRaiLs PRogRam

oveRview oF the Legacy Roads and tRaiLs PRogRam

The National Forest System stretches rom Florida to Alaska and

consists o 155 individual National Forests and Grasslands. ForestService lands are crisscrossed by an astounding 374,000 miles o road– more than eight times as many road miles as the national highway

system. Many o these roads are oten reerred to as legacy roads – thatis, roads let on the landscape ater decades o intensive logging. Some

o these old roads are used today or recreational access and resourcemanagement while many others sit unneeded, unused and under-

maintained – a growing ecological and fscal liability.

Legacy Roads and Trails was created in FY 2008 to restore

watersheds damaged by decaying roads. It unds decommissioningo unneeded roads, critical repair and maintenance on the roads

and trails we do need, and projects to restore fsh passage wherestreams cross underneath roads. Legacy Roads and Trails reduces

environmental harm and long-term costs, while creating high-wage jobs and securing sae and reliable access to our national orests.

With growth in outdoor recreation, hikers, hunters, fshermen, bikers,and campers rely on a small portion o the road system to access

recreational destinations. This access is not assured, however, as roadscontinue to crumble, creating unsae conditions or even blocking

Comparing Road Mileages

L.A. to N.Y. = 2,448 miles

Distance around the earth = 24,900 miles

National Highway System = 42,793 miles

Distance to moon = 223,000 miles

FS roads = 374,000 miles

access entirely. The public rightully expects thatimportant recreational roads will be maintained;

the Forest Service also needs access or resourcemanagement, including restoration and fre control.

A sae and durable transportation system -- sized,located, and maintained appropriately to reduce

risks to people, water, and orest resources -- isessential.

Culverts are placed in road beds so that streams can

fow under the roads. Many are damaged or toosmall and need to be replaced.

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: Wildlands CPR

Roads that encroach on stream channels damage aquatic

habitats and processes.




The Challenge of Legacy Roads in National Forests

In the past, many logging roads were designed or temporary use, and

oten they were not well-planned or well-constructed. Roads were placedin oodplains, along steep slopes, and through wildlie habitat. Sometimesroads were densely stacked - in parallel lines - one atop the next. Once

logging was complete, the roads were typically let on the landscape.

Historically, the Forest Service had unds to build and maintain roads, butas timber harvests declined, so too did road maintenance unding. At this

point in time, the Forest Service is able to maintain or improve only about20% o its road system in any given year. The bulk o that unding goes

towards passenger vehicle roads, which are most important or access.

“I we don’t fx our roads we’re going to drink our roads.”

Congressman Norm Dicks

Representing Washington’s 6th District, May 2007

When roads are not maintained or under-maintained,

culverts become clogged with debris, landslides occur,bridges weaken, and roads wash out. Large amountso sediment pour into what used to be clear mountain

streams, suocating fsh and burying stream channels.Hazards, such as washouts, pose serious saety risks

to those driving on orest roads, at times even makingaccess impossible.

The consequences o unmaintained roads

are surprisingly severe and ar-reaching:

Roads help spread non-native pests, pathogensand weeds.

Decaying roads break apart and dump sediment

into streams polluting water, endangering fsh, andreducing fshing opportunities.

Road-related sediment degrades drinking waterand increases municipal water treatment costs.

Under-maintained roads fail, costing taxpayers

millions in mitigation and restoration costs.

Roads fragment habitat and reduce the vitality

o deer and elk herds and related huntingopportunities.

Collapsing roads cut-o access to trailheads,campgrounds and other popular recreational

destinations.

Photo credit: Dave Helle

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS




“Western Governors urge Congress and the

Administration to fund and implement a

sustainable roads program.”

— Western Governors’ Association

Policy Resolution 08-3

The Legacy Roads and Trails idea was conceived by a

coalition o conservation and recreation organizations,state agencies, and tribes in Washington State called the

Washington Watershed Restoration Initiative. Driven bythe serious road-related water quality problems plaguing

Washington’s national orests, the Coalition campaigned or

a targeted und to address the orest road system, earning abroad array o support rom organizations across the country.

Once established, Legacy Roads and Trails quickly becamea cornerstone o the Forest Service’s restoration program,

reducing road impacts on water quality and fsh, and betteraligning the road system to current management needs and

capacity.

Legacy Roads and Trails works because it is targeted, results-

oriented, and collaborative. The program delivers unds toaddress road problems in real time, which enables the Forest

Service to eciently plan, design, and implement restorationtreatments. It is an essential tool or implementing updated

and improved national orest transportation plans andwatershed restoration initiatives. It is also a successul tool orleveraging non-ederal unds resulting in more robust projects

and enhanced community engagement. And because undsprimarily go to actual work on the ground, Legacy Roads and

Trails creates high wage jobs or contractors, including thosewho specialize in stream restoration, environmental design,

and heavy equipment operation.

For all these reasons, Legacy Roads and Trails enjoys broad

support rom tribes, watershed councils, state agencies,conservation groups, anglers, hunters, hikers, backcountry

equestrians, utilities, municipal water suppliers, damoperators, conservation districts, unions, and more (see list on

inside back cover).

An Efective and Dynamic ProgramMonitoring is an important component o Legacy Roadsand Trails or assessing how well projects are working and

or applying lessons learned to improve uture projects.Recent results show:

✔ Sediment delivery to streams is signicantly

reduced at studied sites:a • 80% reduction o sediment ater storms at

9 decommissioned sites.• 67% reduction o sediment ater storms at

4 storm-prooed sites.• Study locations: MT, ID, OR, WA, CA, UT

✔ Fish are accessing previously unavailablehabitat, at nearly all studied sites where barrierswere removed.b

• Study locations: OR and WA

✔ Black bears are frequenting areas where roads

were decommissioned in signifcantly highernumbers than areas where roads had gates or

barriers.c • Study location: Clearwater National Forest, ID

✔ Roads that were ‘storm-proofed’ had fewer

landslides than roads that did not receivemaintenance when damage rom two large

storms was compared.d

• Study location: Siuslaw National Forest, OR

Monitoring is providing important eedback to improveuture projects. For example, monitoring results are being

used in the development o a new Forest Service technicalguide which will provide sta with inormation to quickly

determine the maximum spacing o road drainageeatures without increasing storm-damage risk. This helps

save sta time and construction expenses.e

A Unique Solution – The Legacy Roads and Trails Program

Photo monitoring has shown that wildlie such as mule deer usereclaimed roads more oten than gated roads.





Legacy Roads and Trails is unded as part

o overall Forest Service appropriations asdetermined annually by Congress. Over thepast fve years, Congress has appropriated a

total o $270 million to this program.

Fiscal Funds AppropriatedYear (millions dollars)2008 $ 402009 $ 50

2010 $ 902011 $ 452012 $ 45

Funding histoRy

Funding is used or projects that oten require skilled contractors.

3,788

51,335

31,926

46,330

36,130

46,666

90,307

38,995

28,180

Northern (R1)

Rocky Mountain (R2)

Southwestern (R3)

Intermountain (R4)

Pacifc SW (R5)

Pacifc NW (R6)

Southern (R8)

Eastern (R9)

Alaska (R10)

Miles o System Roads byForest Service Region

Forest Service Region

N o r t h

e r n ( R 1 * )

R o c k y

M o u n t a

i n ( R 2 )

S o u t h

w e s t e r n ( R 3

* )

I n t e r m o

u n t a i n ( R 4

* )

P a c i f

c S W ( R 5

)

P a c i f

c N W ( R 6

)

S o u t h

e r n ( R 8 )

E a s t e r n ( R 9 )

A l a s k

a ( R 1 0 )

$60

$50

$40

$30

$20

$10

0

Key

2012

2011

2010

2009

2008

Regional Legacy Roads and TrailsAllocations, FY 2008 – FY 2012

Annual

Funding

(Millions)

Photo credit: U

* In FY 2012, Congress created a pilot budget program in Regions 1, 3 and 4 called IntegratedResource Restoration (IRR) and merged Legacy Roads and Trails unds into it. Thus this graphdoes not include the FY12 allocations or those regions.




Watershed Health and Roads

Direct Legacy Roads and Trails dollars are only part o the

unding story. In many places, the Forest Service successullyleverages Legacy Roads and Trails money with a varietyo other unding sources, dramatically increasing the on-

the-ground and economic benefts o the program. Someexamples o leveraged unding sources include:

• Secure Rural Schools (ederal);• Emergency Relie or Federally Owned Roads (ederal

unding in transportation bill);• Federal Stimulus (ederal);

• Salmon Recovery Funds (ederal/state);• Watershed Restoration Grants (state/private);• Clean Water Grants (ederal/state); and

• Bonneville Power Administration (ederal).

Legacy Roads and Trails also enhances other national and regiona

Forest Service eorts by providing unding to implement theroads portion o those initiatives. Examples include:

➤ Watershed Condition Framework – Legacy Roads

and Trails can be used to und road and trail relatedwatershed restoration projects in priority watersheds.

➤

Travel Analysis Process – By the end o 2015,every National Forest and Grassland will have a

completed Travel Analysis Report that will guide uturetransportation planning projects, including road

reclamation and storm-proofng. Legacy Roads and Trailswill provide critical unding or implementing theseprojects.

➤ Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Program -

Under this program, restoration projects are developed

and implemented collaboratively. Legacy Roads and Trails can provide required matching unds.

The Power of Leveraging

$110 million is needed to x the rst round o high-priority road and trail problems. This addresses only 2% o the sub-watersheds in the

National Forest System.

In 2010, using the newly developedWatershed Condition Framework,

the Forest Service assessed 15,065sub-watersheds across the National

Forest System, and ound that 67%

of them are negatively aected by

roads.

Each orest identifed two priority sub-

watersheds or ocused restorationinvestment over the next ew years.

The agency created WatershedRestoration Action Plans (Action

Plans) outlining the key projects oreach priority subwatershed.

In the initial set o 284 Action Plans,

the Forest Service identifed morethan $350 million in “essentialrestoration projects.” O that, $110

million, or 31%, is needed to fx high-priority road and trail problems.

Legacy Roads and Trails is crucial

or implementing the road work identifed in these Action Plans.

Rainall during storms is collected and directed through culverts that oten lead

directly to streams. This can oul stream water.

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS




nationaL accomPLishments

Legacy Roads and Trails accomplishments begin withnumbers – or example, miles o roads reclaimed or

maintained. But the achievements go ar beyond these numbersto reach the ultimate objective – watershed restoration and

sustainable transportation. Replacing nearly one thousand

blocked culverts means fsh can now access habitat that wasunreachable a ew years ago. Improving and maintaining more

than ten thousand miles o roads means the access to populartrails, camping sites, and fshing holes is saer. Reclaiming more

than 4,000 miles o roads means wildlie can migrate morereely and rivers and streams run with cleaner, colder water.

These accomplishments are signifcant and the beginning o an essential national investment to correct environmental andinrastructure problems created over the past century.

✔ Restored Fish and Wildlie Habitat

Legacy Roads and Trails projects have resulted in:

– 1,030 miles o stream habitat restored or enhanced; – 243 acres o lake habitat restored or enhanced;

– 177,233 acres o terrestrial habitat restored or enhanced; – 27,193 acres o water or soil resources protected,

maintained, or improved;

– 2,114 acres treated or noxious weeds and invasiveplants; and

– 823 stream crossings fxed to allow fsh to swimupstream.

Photos: USF

Small culverts are replaced with larger bottom-

less culverts. The streambed is re-created makingit easier or sh to move up and down stream.

Key

Roads & Trails Improved

(miles)

Roads Decommissioned

(miles)

Fish Passage Restored

(# o sites)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Roads Decommissioned, Trails Improved, Fish Passage Restoredg

180 163

262

143

75

1,509

531

929

581

960

3,035 3,077

4,144

2,799

2,113

Note:

This fgure is notto scale.

Photos: USFS

Recently ripped road as part o a larger road reclamation project.

Outcomes




✔ More JobsA 2011 University o Oregon study ound that every $1 millioninvested in watershed restoration work creates 15-24 jobs.h

With $270 million appropriated so ar, the Legacy Roads and Trails Program has averaged $54 million per year, creating or

maintaining between 810 and 1,296 high wage jobs per yearor heavy equipment operators and a variety o restoration

specialists.

An estimate o jobs created nationally as aresult o the LRT program, 2008-2012

Funds Appropriated (millions)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

high estimate

$45$45$90$50$39

low estimate500

1,000

1,500

2,000

Outcomes, cont’d

✔ Consistent and Sae AccessLegacy Roads and Trails helps maintain needed roads and trails

or both resource management and recreational access. Withthese unds, the Forest Service has:

– Constructed (or reconstructed) 123 bridges; – Maintained or improved 3,215 miles o system trails;

– Improved 3,634 miles o roads; and – Maintained 8,418 miles o roads.

unit sedimentdelivery

down 80%

road-streamhydrologic

connectivityup 33%

drainpointproblem ratedown 38%

road-streamhydrologic

connectivitydown 44%

untreated roads ater storms

treated roads ater storms

unitsedimentdeliveryup 94%drainpoint

problemrate

up 50%

Denition o TermsA hydrologically connected road means that the road is part o the stream

network. Rainall is intercepted by road suraces and cut slopes, and delivered to thestream, instead o infltrating naturally.

A drain point is a location where water collects and drains rom a road. Poorly placed

or ineective drain points can lead to road ailures.Unit sediment delivery reers to the amount o sediment delivered to a stream per

length o road per year.

Photo credit: REI

✔ Clean Water and Healthy StreamsInitial Forest Service monitoring shows that Legacy Roads and

Trails treatments are highly eective at reducing hydrologicimpacts. The Rocky Mountain Research Station is in themiddle o a multi-year analysis o the responses o treated and

untreated roads to large storms. The study assessed 60 kmo decommissioned roads and ound signifcant benefts, as

displayed in the fgure below.

✔ Taxpayer SavingsRegular maintenance, improvements, and storm-proofngreduce storm damage to roads, saving taxpayer money.

Moreover, reclaiming unneeded roads eliminates uture

maintenance and environmental costs.

The Forest Service estimates that Legacy Roads and Trails work has

saved: – ~$3 million per year in annual road maintenance, and

– ~$17 million rom the deerred maintenance backlog.i




RegionaL accomPLishments

This section highlights Legacy Roads and Trails projects

in fve Forest Service regions: Northern Region,Southwestern Region, Pacifc Southwest Region, PacifcNorthwest Region, and the Eastern Region. The types

o regional projects and the accomplishments varyconsiderably due to dierences in priorities and severity

o road-related issues.

Legacy Roads and Trails Accomplishments by Forest Service Region, FY 2008 – FY 2012

Regionand % o system road miles

Northern (1)*

14%Roads decommissioned (miles)

Roads/trails improved or maintained (miles)Culverts fxed (number)

Rocky Mountain (2)9%

Roads decommissioned (miles)


Southwestern (3)*12%

Roads decommissioned (miles)Roads/trails improved or maintained (miles)

Culverts fxed (number)

Intermountain (4)*10%



Pacifc SW (5)12%



Totals

9902,451161

716

89961

13954113

1,15672066

1002,342

8

Pacifc NW (6)24%



Southern (8)10%

Roads decommissioned (miles)


Eastern (9)7%



Alaska (10)1%



TOTALSRoads decommissioned (miles)


8254,837

67

368

1,85446

145961101

71662300

4,510

15,267823

Regionand % o system road miles Totals

*In FY 2012, Congress created a pilot program in Regions 1, 3 and 4 called Integrated Resource Restoration (IRR) and

merged Legacy Roads and Trails unds into it. Regional totals here include IRR accomplishments rom FY 2012.




noRtheRn Region – Region 1

Featured Project:

Yakus Road and White/White Road Decommissioning

Forest: Clearwater, IdahoRiver basin: Lower and Upper Lolo Creek

Year: 2011

For thousands o generations, the Nez Perce (“Numipu” –the real people) have hunted, fshed, and gathered across

a vast landscape in the intermountain West, includingClearwater country. Although they ceded much landthrough treaties, the Nez Perce maintained their rights

to hunt and fsh. The Forest Service now manages manyo those ancestral lands, but they have been altered by

a variety o past land management activities includingwide-scale logging and mining. Steelhead trout, bull

trout, and Chinook salmon once thrived, but now struggleto survive.

Roads are a major environmental problem across thislandscape. The high road density coupled with poorly

designed stream crossings, inadequate maintenance, anderodible soils has led to widespread damage.

The Nez Perce-Clearwater Nationa

Forest and the Nez Perce Tribe run anaward-winning partnership to restore

watersheds, fsh habitat, and water qualityon the ceded lands. Legacy Roads and

Trails is part o the watershed restorationprogram and provides important matching

money to support this 6.5 million peryear partnership. For the past 20 yearsthe Forest Service and Nez Perce Tribe

have worked together to decommissionmore than 1,000 miles o unneeded roads

and replace more than 100 culverts torestore access to fsh habitat. They have

also implemented in-stream restorationprojects and improved maintenance onneeded roads. The projects highlighted

here, Yakus and White/White, provide anexcellent illustration o this work.

High road densities have led to widespread damage.

Stream crossing restored to its natural condition.Photo credit: USFS.

Photo credit: USFS




Project Treatments: ✔ Decommissioned 24 miles o

roads ✔ Stabilized and stored 4 miles o

roads ✔ Restored stream crossings ✔ Recontoured fll slopes ✔ Constructed cross-drains ✔ Revegetated with native brush

“We must be patient but persistent…thinking back to when this partnership program began and I looked over the

landscape in the Clearwater Basin - the maze o roads and obstacles or fsh...I asked mysel how are we going to get there?

One mile at a time we chipped away understanding it will be years beore we restore all o the Clearwater - rom ridge

top to ridge top. I keep in mind the stories rom my grandparents…o how they fshed, hunted and gathered and

how they drank the water rom these streams “the blood o lie” while observing Grizzly Bears fshing the streams….

Yes there is hope, one mile at a time we’ve made progress.”

Ira Jones, Watershed Division Director,

Nez Perce Tribe

Reconstructing stream channel.

Major Partners:Nez Perce Tribe

Bonneville Power Administration

Healthy stream channel two years ater

project completion.

A plugged culvert backs up water along the

road. Plugged culverts like this are prone to blow out delivering damaging slugs o sediment to

streams.

Excess sediment in a stream can suocate sh eggs.

Funding:$70,000 Legacy Roads and Trails$100,000 Nez Perce Tribe$35,000 other Forest Serviceunds

Outcomes: ✔ Improved habitat or steelhead trout, west slope cutthoat trout and

Chinook salmon ✔ Reduced sediment delivery ✔ Restored surace and subsurace water ows ✔ Reduced road maintenance costs (enabling limited maintenance

dollars to be spent elsewhere)

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS




Rocky mountain Region – Region 2

Featured Project:

Shoshone South Zone Wilderness Trail Improvements

Forest: Shoshone, WyomingRiver basin: Multiple River Basins

Year: 2009

The Fitzpatrick and Popo Agie Wilderness areas within theShoshone National Forest oer some o the most majestic and

wildest scenery anywhere in this country. Rugged peaks, alpinelakes, deep and narrow valleys, sheer granite walls, and perennialsnowfelds defne these remarkable places. A network o trails

used by backcountry horsemen and hikers serve as the primary

access to and through the Fitzpatrick and Popo Agie areas.

Many o the trails traverse delicate wetlands. In some places, trail

managers build timbered paths elevated above wet areas, calledpuncheons, to protect wetlands. The puncheons on severalimportant recreational trails in the South Zone o the Shoshone

National Forest had deteriorated to such a degree that trail users,including horses, were breaking through the tread posing a severe

saety hazard. In addition, trail users were bypassing the puncheonsand creating a braiding eect in the wetlands and through small

stream crossings.

In this project, the Forest Service addressed thehighest priority saety and resource issues by

repairing or replacing ourteen trail puncheonsections. The rugged and remote country

presented logistical challenges, especially onthose trail segments located within the Wilderness

boundaries, where motorized equipment isprohibited. To address them, conservation corpscrew members, local outftters, and volunteers

helped transport materials on horseback andconstruct the puncheons.

Deteriorated puncheon prior to replacement.

Photo credit: USFS

Popo Agie Wilderness in the Shoshone National Forest.Photo credit: Sara Domek




Project Treatments: ✔ Rebuilt 490 lineal eet o severely deteriorated puncheons

on the ollowing trails: Middle Fork, Sheep Bridge,Stough Creek Lakes, Pinto Park, Glacier, Wol Creek, and

Yellowstone

Outcomes: ✔ Ensured sae access across wet areas or at least 50 years

✔ Restored wetland habitat

✔ Created lasting partnerships or trail stewardship withlocal user groups

✔ Reduced annual and long-term maintenance costs

Funding:$50,000 Legacy Roads and Trails$29,270 Other partnership unds

“At the feld level, this project displays the continued value o leveraging partnership unding and services through

the Legacy Roads and Trails Program and urthers three o the ocus areas - Restore and Adapt Recreation Settings,

Forge Strategic Partnerships, and Promote Citizen Stewardship - identifed in

A Framework or Sustainable Recreation.”

Chris Sporl

Regional Landscape Architect and Recreation Planner,

Rocky Mountain Regional Oce

Final constructed puncheon bridge replacement.

Photo credit: Shoshone National Fores

Due to remoteness, materials were transported ar into the backcountry using stock.Photo credit: USFS

Project volunteers proudly show the ruits o their labor. Volunteer labor was an essential component o this project given the remote

and rugged country in which the trails were located.

Photo credit: USFS

Major Partners:Lazy TX OutfttersDiamond 4 RanchSierra Club

National Outdoor Leadership SchoolBackcountry Horsemen o America

Wilderness VolunteersWilderness Ventures

Wyoming Conservation Corps




southwesteRn Region – Region 3

Featured Project:

Valle Vidal Road Decommissioning

Forest: Carson, New MexicoRiver basin: Comanche Creek/Rio Costilla

Year: 2009

Comanche Creek is a 27,262 acre watershed in north central NewMexico. The creek is a tributary to the Rio Costilla that eventually

empties into the Rio Grande River. It provides valuable habitat orthe Rio Grande cutthroat trout, which is New Mexico’s state fshand a candidate or protection under the Endangered Species

Act. The largest elk population in New Mexico roams the upper

portion o the Rio Costilla watershed and the area is a prizedlocation or hunting, fshing, hiking and bird watching.

When the Valle Vidal management unit was donated to the ForestService, it contained more than 400 miles o roads in the upperwatershed. The area had been logged using “jammer roads”

spaced just 150 eet apart across the hillsides with no regardto watershed and water quality impacts. Although the Forest

Service determined most o these old logging roads were nolonger needed and closed them to public motorized use, the

impacts remained. The roads persisted as a chronic source o accelerated sediment delivery into the stream system, adverselyaecting trout habitat.

The Comanche Creek area is a ocal poin

or a variety o restoration eorts by theForest Service and multiple partners

The goal o this eatured project isto restore watershed conditions and

improve native Rio Grande cutthroattrout habitat by reducing or eliminatingthe ow o road-borne sediments to

Comanche Creek.

The headwaters to Comanche Creek fow rom the orested hillsthrough meadows to the valley bottoms.

Roads oten turn into streams during storms because the hard road surace cannot absorb the rainwater.

Photo credit: George Long, USFS





Project Treatments: ✔ Decommissioned more than 10 miles o road

✔ Restored original slopes, vegetation, and drainages

Outcomes: ✔ Improved habitat conditions or native Rio Grande

cutthroat trout ✔ Improved big game habitat or deer, bear and elk -

protecting the quality o this “once in a lietime” elk

hunting area, which contributes more than hal a milliondollars annually to local economies

✔ Reduced sediment into the creek

Funding:$15,000 Legacy Roads and Trails$20,000 partners

Major Partners:Quivira CoalitionNew Mexico Department o Game and Fish

The Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation

“Water is New Mexico’s most precious resource, yet clean water is becoming increasingly scarce. Its abundance or

scarcity is critically important to all residents o the state. Thanks to the Legacy Roads and Trails Program,

New Mexico’s rivers run a little clearer and cleaner.”

Rachel Conn, Projects Director, Amigos Bravos

Comanche Creek with successul riparian restorationvisible. Photo credit: George Long, USFS

Ripping up the old road bed and re-establishing the hillslope allows

water to inltrate.

Many roads in the Valle Vidal collect rainwater or many hundreds o

eet. The collected water then dumps over the edge o the road at the lowest point. These drainpoints can weaken and

collapse sections o the road.

Photo credit: George Long, USFS Photo credit: George Long, USFS





PaciFic southwest Region – Region 5

Located in Northern Caliornia, the LowerCanyon Creek sub-watershed is just over

38,400 acres and contains Soldier andConner Creeks. These creeks ow into the

nationally designated Wild and Scenic Trinity River, which provides critical habitator threatened coho salmon and steelhead

trout. Local communities rely on the riveras an important water source or drinking,

irrigation, and recreation.

Though important to fsh and people, the Trinity River is impaired due toexcessive sediment loads and temperatures. Several studies identifed the

Soldier Creek sub-watershed as a signifcant contributor o sediment to the Trinity River. That sediment threatens the survival and development o salmonand steelhead eggs, and increases the costs o drinking water treatment.

When the Eagle Fire swept through the area in 2008, the need to addresssediment runo became urgent.

In 2009, the Shasta-Trinity National Forest developed a multi-year road

action plan in collaboration with key partners. Two partners, the TrinityCounty Resource Conservation District and Trinity River Restoration Project,secured 50% o the total unding or Canyon Creek watershed restoration

work, including work on Soldier and Conner Creeks. Total collective undingor watershed restoration in the Canyon Creek area was approximately $2.5

million.

Threatened coho salmon and steelhead

depend on cool and clear water or survival.

Featured Project:

Canyon Creek Road Improvements

Forest: Shasta-Trinity, CaliorniaRiver basin: Trinity River

Year: 2008-2012

Canyon Creek sub-watershed was a contributor o sediment to the Trinity River.

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS




Project Treatments:✔ Improved 47 miles o road drainage ater wildfre

✔ Storm-prooed 54 miles o road✔ Decommissioned 4.6 miles o road✔ Removed 5 in-stream barriers✔ Treated 96 stream crossings

Outcomes:✔ Improved roughly 16 miles o in-stream habitat✔ Restored 25 acres o watershed

✔ Improved water quality or coho, steelhead trout, and communitywater supplies

✔ Reduced risk o ood damage✔ Improved water quality and channel continuity

Funding:$692,000 Legacy Roads and Trails$1,858,000 Ten Partners and other unds

“The Shasta Trinity National Forest Legacy Roads and Trails projects ocus on addressing road issues throughout

entire watersheds. The Legacy unding provides the seed money that brings multiple partners to the table to

continue eorts or a much more eective holistic watershed restoration approach. It’s amazing how much more

we can get done when we all work together. All restoration programs have to start somewhere, or us the Lower

Canyon Creek Restoration Program all started with the Legacy unding. “

- Christine Mai, Watershed Program Manager, Shasta Trinity National Forest.

Decommissioned road and restored stream crossing.Small culverts easily become blocked during a storm, orcing water over the roadway where it picks up more sediment.

Major Partners:

Photo credit: USFS

USFS Region 5 Trinity County Resource

Conservation District Trinity River Restoration Program

US Fish & Wildlie Service

CA Dept. o Fish & Game

Trinity Co. Dept. o TransportationNational Oceanic and Atmospheric

Administration

National Association o Counties

National Fish & Wildlie FoundationCaliornia Coastal Conservancy

Lan Mark Forestry

Restoration work oten requires the use o heavy equipment and skilled operators.

Photo credit: USFSPhoto credit: USFS




PaciFic noRthwest Region – Region 6

Featured Project:

Jack Creek Road Relocation

Forest: Okanagon-Wenatchee,Washington

River basin: Teanaway River

Year: 2010-2012

Teanaway Ridge sits on the east side o the Cascade

Mountains in the Okanagon-Wenatchee NationalForest. Popular with recreationists, the area boasts

views o the entire Stuart Range, including beautiulMt. Stuart. Jack Creek Road (FS 9738) provides a scenic

drive along Teanaway Ridge, and is used to accessnumerous public recreation opportunities, and privatelands. Thirteen miles long, the road also winds through

a valley bottom where it runs close to the creek andimportant habitat or Chinook salmon and threatened

steelhead trout.

While the road clearly provides important access, the

road segment that traverses the oodplain has causedproblems or years by severely constricting the natural

movement o the stream. To make matters more

complex, the road cuts across both Forest Service andprivate land so any solution had to involve both the

public and the agency.

The Forest Service and local landholders had a seriou

challenge: To provide continued recreational andprivate land access while also addressing the needs o

fsh and wildlie. The solution required the cooperationo many partners and included: decommissioning

the most problematic part o the road and relocatingit onto an elevated terrace; extensive stream and

oodplain restoration on private lands; and stagedimplementation with both government and nongovernment contractors working in concert.

Roads can be a type o dam, preventing creeks rom moving around on their foodplains.

Photo credit: Mid-Columbia Fisheries Enhancement Group

Photo credit: USFS

Jack Creek helps support meadow habitats in the valley bottom.




Project Treatments:✔ Relocated nearly one mile o road to a stable upslope location

✔ Obliterated and ully recontoured the valley bottom road✔ Restored creek channel and placed large woody debris

✔ Restored riparian areas with plantings o native vegetation ✔ Restored the oodplain

Outcomes: ✔ Two miles o Jack Creek restored to natural conditions ✔ Improved cover and spawning habitat or steelhead trout and

Chinook salmon ✔ Improved water ows✔ Improved capability to absorb oods without road damage or

lost access

Funding:$226,800 Legacy Roads and Trails plus other Forest Service unds$166,000 Partners

“Funding rom Legacy Roads and Trails allowed the Cle Elum Ranger District to analyze the eects o road relocation, and to contract with a local frm to move 0.9 miles o road o the banks o Jack Creek. The investment

and commitment shown by the Forest Service helped to persuade other unding agencies to support additional

restoration work, leading ultimately to in-channel enhancement and oodplain reconnection

along nearly two miles o the stream.”

Rebecca Wassell

Yakima Basin Program Manager,

Mid-Columbia Fisheries Enhancement Group

Volunteers plant native trees and shrubs in theootprint o the decommissioned road.

Moving the road, ripping up the old road bed, planting vegetationand placing large woody debris improves the creek or native sh.

When roads are adjacent to streams, streamside plants cannot grow and shade the creek. This results in warmer water and lack o cover,

both o which harm salmon.

Major Partners:Mid-Columbia Fisheries

Enhancement GroupSalmon Recovery Funding Board

US Fish and Wildlie Service

Partners ProgramNational Forest Foundation

Overlake Fly-fshing Club

Yakima Tributary Habitat Access ProjectAmerican Forest Land Company, LLC

Local volunteers

Photo credit: USFS Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: Mid-Columbia Fisheries Enhancement Group




easteRn Region – Region 9

Featured Project:

Fish Passage Restoration and Storm-Proong

Forest: Green Mountain – Finger Lakes, Vermont and New York River basin: Multiple river basins

Year: 2008-2013

The Green Mountain and Finger Lakes NationalForests are located within a day’s drive or

more than 70 million people, oering a wealtho recreation opportunities. In Vermont, theheadwaters o many o the state’s rivers ow rom

the National Forest, supplying communities

with drinking water and providing habitat ornative fsh.

Communities located lower in the watershedsrecognize the importance o restoration work in these upper areas, not only or recreation

and wildlie but also ood protection. ForestService assessments showed the potential or

severe damage and road ailures during major

storms, especially at road/stream crossings. Those assessments

also determined that native brook trout and Atlantic salmon wereblocked rom accessing good habitat at more than 60% o thestream crossings. Beginning in 2008, the Forest Service restored

fsh passage and storm-prooed roads and stream crossings basedon the results o the earlier assessments. The Forest Service used a

new design tool called “stream simulation” to eectively determinehow large the crossings should be to accommodate ood waters

and debris during major storms.

In August 2011, Tropical Storm Irene hit the Northeast leaving manycommunities isolated by destroyed roads, bridges, and culvertsHowever, most o the treated sites in the National Forest suered

little damage and saely passed huge volumes o water, gravel, andtrees without major impacts to downstream communities.

The headwaters o many o Vermont’s rivers originate inthe National Forest.

It is not unusual or culverts to become plugged during a storm, orcing water to break through a road bed. The purpose o this project was to redesign culverts to

prevent this type o mass ailure.

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS




Project Treatments: ✔ Fixed 32 road-stream crossings✔ Replaced 15 culverts✔ Removed 10 culverts✔ Replaced 3 pipes✔ Replaced 4 bridges

Outcomes: ✔ Restored access to 49 miles o stream habitat or brook trout

and Atlantic salmon ✔ Reduced risk o catastrophic road damage during heavy storms✔ Ensured sae access to communities and recreational areas

Funding:$995,000 - Legacy Roads and Trails$3.1 million – other ederal unding sources

“It has become quite clear to us in recent years that restoring fsh passage, by replacing under-sized culverts, is a

fscally responsible public investment and also an investment that benefts our fsh populations and reduces the

potential or increased ooding and erosion in our communities.”

Steve Roy

Natural Resources Staf Ocer,

Green Mountain & Finger Lakes NF

Improved design included natural streambed and larger culvert or high volumes o water.

Culverts were too small or large storm fows, and blocked shrom moving upstream.

White River Partnership Trout UnlimitedVermont Department o Fish and Wildlie

Major Partners:

US Fish and Wildlie ServiceNatural Resource Conservation ServiceLocal communities and watershed groups


Photo credit: USFS

The Forest Service removed an old culvert and replaced it with a bottomless arch culvert to improve sh passage.




In 2008, conservationists, Forest Service sta, water

quality specialists and others lauded the creation o Legacy Roads and Trails or its extraordinary potential

as an innovative tool or unding watershed restorationand long-term transportation needs. Five years and

thousands o accomplishments later, it is clear theprogram has lived up to expectations. Legacy Roads and

Trails is cleaning up our water, restoring fsh and wildliehabitat, creating high-wage jobs, reducing long-termcosts, and improving access.

While Legacy Roads and Trails is making a dierence, a

signifcant amount o work remains, reaching ar beyondthe capacity o the current program. Legacy Roads and

Trails projects to date have treated less than 5% o theroad system, and deerred maintenance continues to

grow. It took more than a century to create the legacyo roads in our national orests. Likewise, it will take timeand investment to fx, reclaim and rework that road

system to meet 21st century transportation, fscal, andecological demands.

Big challenges call or big solutions. Road managementis a continuing challenge or the Forest Service and an

important ingredient in the agency’s restoration agenda.A healthy, robust, and eective Legacy Roads and Trails

program remains a vital tool or achieving Forest Servicerestoration objectives across the nation.

concLusion

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: USFS




endnotes

a Nelson, Nathan, Tom Black, Charles Luce and Richard Cissel. 2012.

Legacy Roads and Trails Monitoring Project Update 2012. USDAForest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Available: http://

www.s.ed.us/GRAIP/downloads/case_studies/2012LegacyRoadsMo

nitoringProjectUpdate.pd b Robertson, Greg, Brian Bair and David Heller. 2011. Pacifc Northwest

Region Aquatic Organism Passage-Stream Simulation EectivenessMonitoring Report. USDA Forest Service Pacifc Northwest Region

and TEAMS Enterprise Unit. Portland Oregon.c Switalski, Adam and Cara Nelson. Ecacy o Road Removal or

restoring wildlie habitat: Black Bear in the Northern Rocky Mountains,

USA. Biological Conservation 44 (2011) 2666-2673. Available:http://www.wildlandscpr.org/fles/Switalski%20and%20Nelson%20

2011.%20%20Ecacy%20o%20road%20removal%20or%20restoring%20wildlie%20habitat.pd

d Ellis-Sugai, Barbara. USDA Forest Service Memo. Impact o the January

2012 ood event on Siuslaw National Forest Roads. September 5,2012.

e Cissel, R., T. Black, C. Luce, N. Nelson, and B. Staab. May 2010. Erosionsensitivity index or gullies, hillslope, and road segment length

or storm damage risk reduction treatments. To be included in“Storm Damage Risk Reduction Guide or Low-Volume Roads” in

development, San Dimas Technology and Development Center,

USDA Forest Service. USDA Forest Service. Region 6 estimate rom Perormance

Accountability System data compiled in December 2012. It shouldbe noted that not all regions report these values consistently. Data is

highly variable and may be subject to errors.

g USDA Forest Service. Washington Oce. Perormance AccountabilitySystem data compiled in January 2013.

h Nielsen-Pincus, Max and Cassandra Moseley. Economic andEmployment Impacts o Forest and Watershed Restoration in Oregon.

Ecosystem Workorce Program. Working Paper Number 24. Spring2010. Available: http://ewp.uoregon.edu/sites/ewp.uoregon.edu/fles/downloads/WP24.pd

i USDA Forest Service Region 6 estimate rom December 2012.Based on an annual estimated maintenance cost or passenger car

roads o $900-$2200 per mile and or high clearance vehicle roadso $1-$950 per mile. Maintenance includes work such as blading,

culvert cleaning, brushing, removal o danger trees, etc. Deerred

maintenance savings was approximated using the FY 2012 PresidentsBudget deerred maintenance cost estimates.

Photo credit: USFS

Reclaimed road on the Clearwater National Forest, ID.





PaRtneRs

The Wilderness Society and Wildlands CPR wish to thank the vast array o groups* that have supported

Legacy Roads and Trails and have partnered on projects over the last ve years!

Northern Region (R1)

Montana, North Dakota, Northern

Idaho, portions o South Dakota

and Wyoming

Project PartnersBonneville Power AdministrationColumbia River Intertribal Fish CommissionFederal Highway AdministrationIdaho Oce o Species ConservationIdaho Transportation DepartmentLincoln County Resource Advisory CouncilMontana Fish, Wildlie, and ParksNational Fish andWildlie FoundationNez Perce TribeNorth Idaho RAC Trout UnlimitedUniversity o Great FallsU.S. Fish and Wildlie ServiceWestern Pacifc Power CompanyWildlands CPR

Program SupportersAmerican Rivers**American Whitewater**Avista CorporationBack Country Horsemen o MontanaCentennial Valley AssociationClark Fork CoalitionDeenders o Wildlie**Great Burn Study GroupGreater Yellowstone CoalitionIronworkers Local #14Jeerson River Watershed CouncilLewis & Clark Chapter Montana Trout UnlimitedMissoula Area Central Labor Council AFL-CIOMontana Association o Conservation DistrictsMontana AudubonMontanans or Quiet RecreationMontana Laborers #1686Montana Smart Growth CoalitionMontana Wilderness Association

Pacifc Rivers CouncilRattlesnake Creek Watershed GroupRuby Watershed Council/Ruby Valley Cons. DistrictSierra Club**Swan Ecosystem CenterSwan View Coalition The Wilderness Society**Watershed Consulting LLCWestern Environmental Law Center**Western MT Building and Construction Trades CouncilWildlands CPR**Yaak Valley Forest CouncilYellowstone Valley Audubon Society

Rocky Mountain Region (R2)

Colorado, South Dakota, Kansas, Nebraska, portions o Wyoming

Project PartnersBiodiversity Conservation AllianceColorado Department o Fish and WildlieCoors Brewing CompanyFederal Highway GrantsFriends o Mount Evans VolunteersGunnison Energy CompanyLaramie Rivers Conservation DistrictNorbeck Society (SD)Roaring Fork Outdoor VolunteersRocky Mountain Elk FoundationSouth Dakota Game and Fish Trout UnlimitedU.S. Environmental Protection AgencyU.S. Fish and Wildlie ServiceWestern Colorado Conservation CorpsWyoming Conservation CorpsWyoming Department o Environmental QualityWyoming Department o Fish and WildlieWildland Restoration VolunteersYouth Corp

Program SupportersAmerican Whitewater**Audubon Society - Fort Collins ChapterBiodiversity Conservation AllianceCentral Colorado Wilderness CoalitionColorado Mountain ClubColorado Watershed AssemblyConservation ColoradoFront Range CO BLM Resource Advisory CouncilGreat Old Broads or WildernessHigh Country Citizens’AllianceNational Wildlie FederationQuiet Use CoalitionRocky Mountain Recreation InitiativeSan Juan Citizens’AllianceSan Luis Valley Ecosystem CouncilSheep Mountain AllianceSierra Club** The Wilderness Society** Trout Unlimited**Western Colorado CongressWestern Resource AdvocatesWilderness Workshop

Photo credit: USFS




Southwest Region (R3)

Arizona and New Mexico

Project PartnersAmerican Conservation ExperienceAmigos BravosAngostura Homeowner’s AssociationArizona Department o Environment Quality

Arizona Department o Water ResourcesArizona State ParksArizona Trail AssociationBackcountry Horsemen o AmericaBoy Scouts o AmericaCity o Sedona (AZ)Coconino Rural Environmental Corps (AZ)Flagsta Biking Organization (AZ)Friends o Madera Canyon (AZ)Friends o Sabino Canyon (AZ)Friends o the Forest (AZ)Grand Canyon Wildlands Council (AZ)Green Valley Hiking Club (AZ)Holloman Air Force Base (NM)Mount Lemmon Water District (AZ)

Munds Park Trail Stewards (AZ)New Mexico Environment DepartmentNew Mexico Game and FishNM School or the Blind & Visually Impaired (NM)Quivira Coalition (NM)Rocky Mountain Elk FoundationSouthern Arizona Hiking ClubSouthern Arizona Rescue AssociationStudent Conservation Association The Wellness Coalition (NM) Town o Eager (AZ) Town o Red River (NM)WildEarth GuardiansWilliams Production Company, LLCXTO Energy, Inc.

Youth Conservation Corps

Program SupportersAcoustic Ecology Institute (NM)Albuquerque Wildlie Federation (NM)Amigos Bravos (NM)Archaeology SouthwestArizona Wilderness CoalitionArizona Zoological SocietyBird’s Eye ViewCenter or Biological Diversity**Grand Canyon Wildlands CouncilGreat Old Broads or Wilderness**New Mexico Wilderness AllianceNM TroutNew Mexico Wildlie FederationPublic Employees or Envr. Responsibility (AZ)Sierra Club - Grand Canyon Chapter (AZ)Sierra Club - Northern Group (NM)Sierra Club - Southern Chapter (NM)Sierra Club - Rio Grande Chapter (NM)Sky Island Alliance (AZ)Southwest Environmental Center The Wilderness Society**Upper Gila Watershed Alliance (NM)Western Environmental Law Center**White Mountain Conservation League (AZ)WildEarth GuardiansWildlie Habitat o New Mexico

Project Partners

National Fish and Wildlie FoundationNez Perce TribeNorthwest Youth CorpSouthwest Idaho Resource Advisory CommitteeState o Utah - Utah State Lands and Forestry Trout UnlimitedU.S. Fish and Wildlie ServiceYouth Conservation Corp

Program SupportersBackcountry Horsemen - IdahoBackcountry Hunters and Anglers - Idaho ChapterBear River Watershed CouncilFraming our CommunitiesGrand Canyon Trust

Greater Yellowstone CoalitionHells Canyon Preservation CouncilIdaho Rivers UnitedLands CouncilMark Agee ExcavationNational Backcountry Hunters and Anglers**Nez Perce TribeSierra Club - Idaho Chapter The Wilderness Society** Trout Unlimited**Wildlands CPR**Wild Utah ProjectWinter Wildlands Alliance**

Intermountain Region (R4)

Utah, Nevada, Southern Idaho,

portions o Wyoming

Pacic Southwest Region (R5)

Caliornia

Project Partners

Backcountry Caliornia Conservation CorpsBackcountry Horsemen o AmericaCaliornia Conservation CorpsCaliornia Conservation CrewCaliornia State Department o Parks and Rec.Friends o the InyoKaruk TribeStudent Conservation Association Trinity County Resource Conservation District Trinity River Restoration Program Tuolumne County Community Development Dept.U.S. Army Corps o EngineersUnites States Marine CorpsWatershed Research and Training Center

Program SupportersCaliornia Wilderness CoalitionCaliornia Wilderness ProjectCaliornians or Western WildernessCenter or Biological Diversity**Center or Sierra Nevada ConservationCentral Sierra Environmental Resource CenterDeenders o Wildlie**Desert Protective CouncilEnvironmental Protection Inormation CenterForest ForeverForest Issues GroupFriends o Hope ValleyFriends o the InyoFriends o the River

High Sierra Hikers AssociationKlamath Forest AllianceKlamath-Siskiyou Wildlands CenterLos Padres ForestWatchNative HabitatsNorthcoast Environmental CenterPublic Employees or Envr. Responsibility**Sierra Club**Sierra Forest LegacySnowlands Network The Wilderness Society** Trout Unlimited**Western Watersheds**Wilderness Guides Council

Photo credit: USFS




Program Supporters - WashingtonAlpine Lakes Protection Society - WWRIAmerican Rivers – WWRI**American Whitewater – WWRI**Association o Northwest Steelheaders

Audubon Society - Pilchuck Conservation Northwest - WWRIEarthjustice**Giord Pinchot Task Force - WWRIGreat Old Broads or Wilderness - Cascade ChapterLands CouncilMason County Conservation DistrictNorth Cascades Conservation Council - WWRINorthwest Environmental AdvocatesOlympic Coast AllianceOlympic Forest Coalition - WWRIPacifc Rivers Council - WWRIPilchuck Audubon Society - WWRISierra Club – WA State Chapter - WWRI The Mountaineers – WWRI**

The Wilderness Society – WWRI** Trout Unlimited – WWRI**Upper Colombia United Tribes – WWRIWashington Department o Ecology - WWRIWashington Department o Fish and Wildlie - WWRIWashington Department o Natural Resources -WWRIWashington Trails Association - WWRIWashington Wilderness Coalition (WA Wild)Western Lands ProjectWild Fish ConservancyWildlands CPR**

Pacic Northwest Region (R6)

Oregon and Washington

Project PartnersApplegate Partnership & Watershed Council (OR)America Forest Land Company, LLCAssociation o Northwest SteelheadersBureau o Land Management

Bureau o ReclamationCity o Portland Water Bureau (OR)Clackamas County (OR)Conederated Tribes o the Warm SpringsEcotrustFederal Highways AdministrationFreshwater TrustGrant Soil and Water Conservation District (OR)Methow Salmon Recovery Foundation (WA)Mid-Columbia Fisheries Enhancement Group (WA)Middle Fork Willamette Watershed Council (OR)National Marine Fisheries ServiceNative Fish SocietyNational Forest FoundationOkanogan County Conservation District (WA)

Oregon Department o Fish and WildlieOregon Watershed Enhancement BureauOverlake Fly-fshing ClubPacifc Watershed AssociatesPartnership o Umpqua Rivers (OR)Rogue-Umpqua Resource Advisory Council (OR)Salmon Recovery Funding BoardSandy River Watershed Council (OR)Skokomish TribesSkokomish Watershed Action Team (WA)South Umpqua Rural Community Partnership (OR) The Nature Conservancy The Wilderness SocietyU.S. Army Corps o EngineersU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

U.S. Fish and Wildlie ServiceWashington Department o EcologyWashington Watershed Restoration InitiativeWashington Salmon Recovery Funding BoardWhole Watershed Joint VentureYakama Indian NationYakima Tributary Habitat Access Project

Program Supporters - OregonAmerican Rivers**Association o Northwest SteelheadersAudubon Society o PortlandBARK - WWRI

Cascadia Wildlands ProjectCenter or Biological DiversityCentral Oregon Land WatchClackamas County Board o CommissionersClackamas River Basin CouncilClackamas River Water ProvidersCoast Range AssociationColumbia Gorge InstituteFriends o the KalmiopsisGeos Institute**Hells Canyon Preservation CouncilKlamath Forest AllianceKlamath-Siskiyou Wildlands CenterLower Columbia Canoe ClubMiddle Fork Willamette Watershed Council

Native Fish SocietyNorthwest Environmental AdvocatesNorthwest Environmental Deense CenterNorthwest Sportfshing Industry AssociationOregon Department o Fish and WildlieOregon Environmental CouncilOregon Kayak and Canoe ClubOregon TroutOregon WildPacifc Coast Federation o Fishermen’s AssociationsPacifc Rivers CouncilPortland State UniversitySandy River Basin Watershed CouncilSiskiyou Project The Freshwater Trust

The Wilderness Society** Trout Unlimited - Oregon Council Tualatin RiverkeeperWaterwatchWild Fish ConservancyWild Salmon CenterWildlands CPR**





Southeast Region (R8)

Tennessee, Florida, Arkansas,

Kentucky, North Carolina, South

Carolina, and other southern states

Northeast Region (R9)

Vermont, New Hampshire, West

Virginia, Minnesota, Wisconsin,

Pennsylvania, Missouri, Ohio,

and Indiana

Project PartnersFourCorps Order o the ArrowArkansas Game & Fish Commission

Arkansas Wildlie FederationBog Research Inc., LABoy Scouts o America, Conroe, TXCenter or Aquatic Technology, VACity o Fort Smith, ArkansasCoweeta Hydrologic LabEastern Brook Trout Joint VentureNational Wild Turkey FederationOklahoma Department o Wildlie ConservationProgress EnergyRocky Mountain Elk FoundationSoutheast Aquatic Resource PartnersStudent Conservation Association, Houston, TX Trout UnlimitedU.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Watershed Conservation Resource Center (AR)

Program SupportersAmerican Sportfshing Association (VA)Ouachita Watch League (TN)Wild Virginia (VA)

Project PartnersAlger County Road CommissionAmeriCorps Crew

Camp Pasquaney, Student Conservation Association – NewHampshire CorpsCraword County Highway DepartmentDucks UnlimitedItasca County Highway DepartmentLeech Lake Band o OjibweMinnesota Conservation CorpsMinnesota Department o Natural ResourcesNatural Resource Conservation ServiceNew Hampshire Fish and GameOhio Division o Natural ResourcesOscoda County Road CommissionOzark Trail AssociationStudent Conservation Association New HampshireConservation Crew/Americorps Town o Rochester

Trout UnlimitedU.S. Army Corps o EngineersU.S. Fish and Wildlie ServiceVermont Department o Fish and WildlieWexord County Road CommissionWhite River PartnershipWisconsin Department o Natural ResourcesWisconsin Department o Transportation

Program SupportersAppalachian Mountain Club (MA)Natural Resources Council o MaineFriends o Blackwater (WV)

Project PartnersAlaska Department o Fish and GameAlaska Fly Fishers

Kenai River Management AreaKenai River Sport Fishing AssociationStreamwatch Trout Unlimited

Alaska Region (R10)

Access FundAmerican Canoe AssociationAmerican Hiking SocietyAmerican WhitewaterAmerican RiversBackcountry Horsemen o America - National

Backcountry Hunters and Anglers - NationalCenter or Biological DiversityDeenders o WildlieEarthJusticeEndangered Species CoalitionGreat Old Broads or WildernessInternational Mountain Biking AssociationIzaak Walton League o AmericaNatural Resources Deense CouncilOutdoor AllianceOutdoor Industry AssociationPew Environment GroupSierra Club The Mountaineers The National Center or Conservation Science and Policy

The Wilderness Society Trout UnlimitedWestern Environmental Law CenterWildlands CPRWinter Wildlands AllianceBackcountry Horsemen o AmericaPublic Employees or Environmental Responsibility

National Supporters

Photo credit: USFS

Photo credit: Neil Shader

*The project partners lists are incomplete due to limited data

availability. We apologize to any partners who were left o these li

**Denotes groups that are also national program supporters.



Restoration in Action: The First Five Years of the

Legacy Roads and Trails Program

April 2013

legacy roads and trails report, 2013

Documents