LecturePLUS Timberlake 1

Acids and Bases

LecturePLUS Timberlake 2

Acids and Bases

Acids produce Hydrogen (H+) in solutions

Bases produce Hydroxide (OH-) in solutions

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Acids

Produce more H+ ions in water

Taste sour

Corrode (eat thru) metals

React with bases to form salts and water

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Bases

Produce more OH- ions in water

Taste bitter, chalky

Are electrolytes

Feel soapy, slippery

React with acids to form salts and

water

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Acid or base?

H+

H+

H+ H+OH-

OH-

OH-

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Acid or base?

H+

H+

H+

H+

OH-

OH-

OH-

OH-

OH-

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Strong acids and bases

Strong Acid • Has a very LOW pH (0-3)Strong Base• Has a very HIGH pH (11-14)

Mor

e ba

sic

Mor

e ac

idic

NaOH, 0.1 MHousehold bleachHousehold ammonia

Lime waterMilk of magnesia

Borax

Baking sodaEgg white, seawaterHuman blood, tearsMilkSalivaRain

Black coffeeBananaTomatoesWineCola, vinegarLemon juice

Gastric juice

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Weak acids and bases• Weak Acid= pH close to 7 (3.1 -

6.9)• Weak Base= pH close to 7 (7.1 -

10.9)

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pH scale

• Measures the # H+ and OH- in a solution

• Ranges from 0-14 • 0- 6.9= Acid = # of H+ ions > # of

OH- ions• 7 = Neutral = # of H+ ions = # of

OH- ions • 7.1- 14 = Base = # of OH- ions > #

of H+ ions

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Learning Check AB1

Describe the solution in each of the following as: 1) acid 2) base or 3)neutral.

A. ___soda

B. ___soap

C. ___coffee

D. ___ wine

E. ___ water

F. ___ grapefruit

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Solution AB1

Describe each solution as:

1) acid 2) base or 3) neutral.

A. _1_ soda

B. _2_ soap

C. _1_ coffee

D. _1_ wine

E. _3_ water

F. _1_ grapefruit

LecturePLUS Timberlake 18

Learning Check AB2

Identify each as characteristic of an A) acid or B) base

____ 1. Sour taste

____ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions

____ 3. Chalky taste

____ 4. Is an electrolyte

____ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions

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Solution AB2

Identify each as a characteristic of an A) acid or B) base

_A_ 1. Sour taste

_B_ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions

_B_ 3. Chalky taste

B 4. Is an electrolyte

_A_ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions

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Learning Check AB5

Acid, Base Nameor Salt

CaCl2 ______ _________________

KOH ______ _________________

Ba(OH)2 ______ _________________

HBr ______ _________________

H2SO4 ______ __________________

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Solution AB5

Acid, Base Nameor Salt

CaCl2 salt calcium chloride

KOH base potassiuim hydroxide

Ba(OH)2 base barium hydroxide

HBr acid hydrobromic acid

H2SO4 acid sulfuric acid