lecture fsw 2013 short version stakeholders and participation
TRANSCRIPT
Reasons for stakeholder participation?
QUALITY INSTRUMENT DEMOCRACY
ADVANTAGES• KNOWLEDGE• FINANCING• MANPOWER• INITIATIVES
ADVANTAGES• UNDERSTANDING• COOPERATION• CREATIVITY• COMMITMENT
ADVANTAGES• TRANSPARANCY• MOBILIZING• NO NIMBY
PRACTICAL REASONSe.g. knowledge of the environment
PRAGMATIC REASONS e.g. support
PRINCIPLES, e.g. democratic rights
Adapted from: Breman, B. et al, Participatie in het Waterbeheer, Alterra, Wageningen, 2008
Key elements of IWRM
• Coordinated process, brings stakeholders together
• Focuses both on economic and social wellfare and equity AND protecting ecosystems
• Uses scientific data & tools to provide a sound base for judgement
• Proper governance; involving participation
Stakeholder• An interested individual,
group or institution that may be affected by decisions or actions pertaining to a specific resource and may be part of decision-making about the resource
Participation• a process in which
stakeholder and public concerns, views and values are incorporated into decision-making (and implementation) of water resource management
• Not a single event; co-management of a resource necessitates ongoing commitment.
Adapted from: Breman, B. et al, Participatie in het Waterbeheer, Alterra, Wageningen, 2008
TOP – DOWN APPROACH
PARTICIPATIVE APPROACH
DECISION
DECISION
Problems identification and planning
Problems identification and planning
Implementation
Implementation
End of project
End of project
Start of project
Start of project
A. Stakeholder identification
• Who are the potential beneficiaries?
• Who might be adversely affected?
• Have vulnerable groups who may be impacted been indentified?
Categorization• Water users• Governmental
institutions• Civil society and NGO’s
C. Drawing out Assumptions and Risks, e.g.
• It must be made clear how different groups are represented; how these representatives are selected
• Expectations should be managed, e.g. UK involvement of amateur naturalist in BAP
• Not all stakeholders want to be involved and they may have very different reasons for participating.
Expectations: participation of amateur naturalists in the Biodiversity Action Planning (UK)
From: Towards succesful participation in European biodiversity and water governance – policy brief, GoverNat 2010
D. Levels of participation• Delegated power: stakeholder
has dominant decision-making power
• Partnership: joint setting of agenda and agreement on the process; participatory decision-making
• Consultation: informing and consulting; perhaps responding to plans and proposals
• Information: providing information
Step D: Stakeholder communication worksheet
• http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/worksheets/StakeholderCommunicationsWorksheet.pdf
Factors for successful participation
1. Managing expectations2. Adapting to context3. Interacting with multiple actors4. Involving bottom-up initiatives5. Recognizing and sharing benefits and
costsFrom: Towards succesful participation in European biodiversity and water governance – policy brief, GoverNat 2010
Adapting to context: Alqueva multipurpose water project
From: Towards succesful participation in European biodiversity and water governance – policy brief, GoverNat 2010
Interacting with multiple actorsagro-environmental project in Lleida
source: Towards succesful participation in European biodiversity and water governance – policy brief, GoverNat 2010
Bottom-up initiatives: bird lake in Lempälää, Finland
Source: Towards succesful participation in European biodiversity and water governance – policy brief, GoverNat 2010
Recognizing and sharing benefits and costs. Sado Estuary, Portugal
Protected species:Otters
Economic activity:Fish farmers
Source: Towards succesful participation in European biodiversity and water governance – policy brief, GoverNat 2010
Lessons learnt from earlier projects
• Stakeholder participation, especially in its earlier stages, needs a lot of resources
• Without lobying, women’s representation in the stakeholders fora becomes low
• Large stakeholders dominate and set the agenda
• The needs for rural small-scale stakeholders are not considered in large scale river basin management