Lecture 1: October 4, 2004

Prof. Maria Papadopouli

mgp@ics.forth.gr

CS 436-Fall 2004: Wireless Networks & Mobile Computing

Roadmap

Short bio & statement Pervasive computing introduction

Definition Pervasive computing systems

Aura Sensors Telematics Smart homes

Seminar mechanics

B.Sc. Department of Computer Science, University of Crete M.Sc. Department of Computer Science, New York University Ph.D. Department of Computer Science, Columbia University

Several summer internships at T.J. Watson Research Lab, IBM, 2002 - Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

2003/2004 & 2004/2005 The IBM Faculty Award 2004 - Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science,

University of Crete

Short Bio

University of Crete

A brief personal note

Collaborations of the Mobile Computing Group

Why I am excited with this seminar

Great research area! Pervasive computing Wireless measurements (IBM Faculty Award, 2003/2004

and 2004/2005) Location-sensing Mobile computing applications

Collaborating with UoC students Experimenting with cutting-edge technologies

The Wireless Century

19th century: invention of the telegraph, telephone

20th century: radio, television, computers 21th century: the second Information Age

Wireless Century of Pervasive Computing

Pervasive Computing

“ The most profound technologies are those that disappear. They weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it." Mark Weiser, 1991

Pervasive computing is the method of enhancing computer use by making many computers available throughout the physical environment, but making them effectively invisible to the user.

Weiser’s Vision

The essence of that vision was the creation of environments saturated with computing and communication capability, yet

gracefully integrated with human users

After a decade of hardware progress, many critical elements of pervasive computing that were exotic in 1991 are now viable commercial products: handheld and wearable computers, wireless LANs, and devices to sense and control appliances.

We are now well positioned to begin the quest for Weiser's vision.

Research in Pervasive Computing

The most precious resource in a computer system is no longer its processor, memory, disk or network. Rather, it is a resource not subject to Moore's law:

User Attention

Today's systems distract a user in many explicit and implicit ways,

thereby reducing his effectiveness. [Satya from CMU]

Aura Project @ CMU

http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~aura/Satya

'Robot Tarzan' helps forest work

•Uses distributed sensors to acquire informationabout the environment (changes in light, humidity,carbon dioxide levels)

• Gives scientists crucial indications & predictions about environmental change

•Monitors plants (and even leaves!) over time usingspectrographic imaging

•Has its own server & communicates with other devices & sensors

•Goes to specific locations of interest and takes samples or analyzes particular areas

About Treebot from UCLA

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3340057.stm

More info about sensors http://www.cens.ucla.edu/

Kaiser Estrin

Research in Sensor Networks

Design and deployment of long-lived self-configuring Embedded Networked Sensing (ENS) systems

Research spanning the spectrum from a study of fundamental properties and algorithms to implementation of practical systems and testbeds

Development of a comprehensive understanding of how to systematically design, run, and manage ENS systems.

ENS systems are characterized by energy constraints, irregular configurations, time-varying topology, large scale and changing applications

Sensors for global warming studies

• Sensors embedded probes into the largest ice cap on mainland Europe (Jostedalsbreen, Norway)

• Use of glacial activity to trace current global warming patterns & predict future climate changes

Sensor nodes: motes

Signals at 902MHz over 40 feet at 19.2Kbps Small devices 1.2’’x1.1’’ Its transmitters use 1,000 times less power of cellular

phones Dust networks, wireless base stations, very small,

powered by AA batteries

Wearable computing

www.bodymedia.com

UNC tracker

http://www.cs.unc.edu/~tracker/index.html

ceiling panels housing LEDs

miniature camera cluster

sub-millimeter position accuracy and resolution

Virtual Reality vs. Augmented Reality vs. Pervasive Computing

Wired vs. Wireless access

USB Ethernet

DSL

UWB IEEE802.11b 11Mbps, 2.4GHz

IEEE802.11a 54Mbps, 5GHz IEEE802.16 40Mbps per channel,

10-66GHz

3-10km mile range

Mobile networks with 15Mbps in a cell

Cell phone extended as a remote control

Wireless wallpaper (made by kapto): isolates wireless LAN, let’s cellular out in a british aerospace company

New DoCoMo phone lets you unlock doors, buy sodas, …

90’s told us that content matters a lot!

NTT DOCOMO

• A Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag is a small sophisticated radiotransmitter with a transmission radius of approximately 10 m• Transmits the tag's identification signal at regular intervals• Allows the user to transmit the ID signal at will.

• Utilizing RFID tags with mobile phones or other communication devices make it possible to provide location, time, and other useful information tailored to individual user needs.

http://www.nttdocomo.com/corebiz/ubiquity/roppongi.html

Telematics

•Entertainment•Useful information•Contribution to safety (e.g.,Teleaid, Telediagnosis)

•Microprocessors, display, voice recognition

•Telematic services by the end of 2006:90% of all luxury cars will offer telematic services & 50% of all carsExamples: “OnStar”, “UConnect” bluetooth-enabled car kit

Telematics (cont’d)

Within Germany, over 4,000 motorway sensors nationwide gather data non-stop, enabling the system to inform motorists of all developments as they happen.

The navigation system offers a suitable alternative route immediately if a traffic jam is reported.

Home Smart Home

Memory aids: where did I put that bill ? Remote control for appliances e.g., gesture pendant that recognizes and translates gestures

Context aware computing challenges How you define context ? Detection of false positives ?

Benchmarking ?

http://www.cc.gatech.edu/fce/ahri/projects/index.html

Seminar Topics

Wireless data access IEEE 802.11, bluetooth, and other wireless technologies Mobile peer-to-peer systems Location-sensing systems Location-dependent services Energy measurements & conservation Measurements on wireless networks Routing protocols for mobile devices Sensor networks Security issues on wireless access

Class Mechanics:

Q: Is a seminar just like a course ?

NO ! Several students presentations No final exams Research paper or system implementation Great opportunity to find interesting research projects,

prepare B.Sc. Thesis, learn about graduate studies, summer internships, and experiment with new technology,

Seminars & Meetings

Lectures: Monday: 5-7 RA201 Tuesday: 3-5 GO18

Office hours: Monday: 7-8 (subject to change) Meet with each group in individual basis (TBA) Meet with TA

Participation in the Mobile Computing Group meetings (TBA) Send me an email and will include you in the mobile@ics.forth.gr

Seminar Information On-Line

Web page: http://www.csd.uoc. gr/~hy436

Email list: hy436-list@csd.uoc.gr

To subscribe: 1. send an email to majordom@csd.uoc.gr without any subject and

with body text : subscribe hy436-list

2. a confirmation email should come back to you

Textbooks

802.11 Wireless Networks, The definitive guide. Matthew S. Gast, O'Reilly, 2002, ISBN 0-596-00183-5

802.11 Wireless LAN Fundamentals: a practical guide to understanding, designing, and operating 802.11WLANS, Roshan, Leary, CiscoPress.com

Reading material at the course web page

Additional Textbooks (not required)

Ad Hoc Networking. Charles E. Perkins, Addison Wesley, 2001, ISBN 0-20130976-9

Computer Networking A Top-Down Approach Featuring the Internet. James F. Kurose and Keith W. Ross, Addison Wesley, 2002, ISBN 0-201-477114

Wireless Communications Principles and Practice. Theodore S. Rappaport, Prentice Hall (Second Edition), ISBN 0-13-042232-0

TAs info

TA contact details Manolis Spanakis spanakis@ics.forth.gr

Grading

Project assignment 40% Presentations 40% (4 paper presentations) Final demo/presentation 10% Log and participation in the class 10%

Evaluation at the end of each presentation

Mid-term evaluation of your project

Resources & infrastructure

PCMCIA cards (IEEE802.11b, bluetooth), laptops, PDAs, GPS, IEEE802.11b APs, wireless camera, sensors

Sophisticated infrastructure for monitoring of the wireless infrastructure (more than 500 wireless APs)

Lots of wireless measurement traces ready for analysis Technical books Contacts with mobile computing researchers from all over

the world