Slide 1

Learning Objects Network

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Learning Objects Network

U.S. Dept. of Defense Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA)

Association of American Publishers

40 colleges and universities

Training companies

Corporations

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Learning Objects

Who is using them and why?

What are they?

Is there a market? Is there a channel?

What does this have to do with DOI?

What is the schedule and who are the participants?

4

Learning Object Communities

SingaporeIMS Asia

PROMETEUS

CEN/ISSS

IMS Australia

ISO/IEC JTC1 SC36

5

Building the FrameworkBuilding the Framework

For the For the

Digital Knowledge EnvironmentDigital Knowledge Environment

Building the FrameworkBuilding the Framework

For the For the

Digital Knowledge EnvironmentDigital Knowledge Environment

SCORM

CourseStructureFormat -

Derived fromAICC

Meta-datadictionaryFrom IEEE

Meta-dataXML BindingBest Practice

From IMS

Content toLMS API

From AICC

Content toLMS data

modelFrom AICC

CONTENT AGGREGATION MODEL

RUN-TIMEENVIRONMENT

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Multi-Billion Dollar Problem

Each battleship contains 44 tons of paper documentation about which two things are known. . .

It is out of date The right person has never

read it

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Multi-Billion Dollar Problem

A single plane will hold 1 million plus parts

A helicopter can have a hundred configurations, thousands of sub-contractors, million of parts with weekly updates and over $10 million per year in FedX bills.

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Who Is Using Learning Objects?

Universities

Corporate training

U.S. Dept. of Defense and NATO

U.S. Federal Agencies (compliance under review)

Corporations— Boeing, Microsoft Cisco Sun Microsystems IBM

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Why Are Learning Objects Used?

Reduced time in training and course creation (30%)

Reduced costs (30 to 40%)

Interoperable for other purposes (supplies, medical treatment)

Improved understanding and retention

Adapted From: Bloom, B.S. The Two-Sigma Problem: The Search for Methods of Group Instruction as Effective as One-to-One Tutoring. Educational Researcher. 13,4-16 (1984)

# S

tude

nts

Learning Improvements

2

1

ClassroomStudents

ClassroomStudents

CurrentTechnolog

y

CurrentTechnolog

y

Next-Generation Technology

Next-Generation Technology

Average tutored student’s achievement is better than 98% of classroom students

The Learning Technology PotentialThe Learning Technology Potential

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SCORM Learning ObjectsSharable, Reusable, Interoperable, Locatable, PurchasableSCORM Learning ObjectsSharable, Reusable, Interoperable, Locatable, Purchasable

For reuse of component pieces to be possible, they must be built to a common “object” model

Components that share a common model can be reassembled and reused

AssetWAV

AssetHTML

Fragment

AssetGIF

AssetXML Doc

AssetJavaScriptFunctions

Tagged Asset

AssetFlash Object

AssetJPEG

Raw MediaMeta -Data

AssetWholeWeb Page

Asset

Content Package

“Raw” Assets

Assets are authored and tagged with meta-data – the created assets are first level IP

Learning Objects—From Raw Assets to Something Bigger

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SCORM/IMS – ONIX Metadata MappingSCORM meta-data element Cardinality M/O/R Value domain Description / comments ONIX element(s) whose content may map directly to

content of this SCORM element

NOTE - The SCORM meta-data elements are identical to those defined in the IMS Learning Resource Meta-data XML Binding Version 1.2, unless otherwise indicated

lom 1..1 M Top-level element containing all others.

general 1..1 M General information about the

resource identifier 0..1 O string Unique global identifier.

Corresponds to DC.Identifier. Scheme to be determined

(possibly DOI?)

DOI?, ProductIdentifier.IDValue?

title 1..1 M Title of the resource. Corresponds to DC.Title

langstring 1.. M string, max 1000 chars

Text string with optional 'xml:lang' attribute. If this

element occurs more than once in its parent, the

xml:lang attribute is required on all occurrences and the

language code values (ISO 639) must be distinct.

DistinctiveTitle, Title.TitleText

AssetWAV

AssetHTML

Fragment

AssetGIF

AssetXML Doc

AssetJavaScriptFunctions

AssetFlash Object

AssetJPEG

AssetWholeWeb Page

AssetWAV

AssetHTML

Fragment

AssetGIF

AssetXML

Doc

AssetJavaScript

Functions

AssetFlash

Object

AssetJPEG

SCO content.htmApi=getAPI();Var result = api.LMSInitialize(“”);Var val = api.LMSGetValue(cmi.abc.xyz”);

Var result = api.LMSFinish(“”);

Assets are authoredinto a (hopefully) reusable learning experience (a Sharable Content Object) – adding new IP in the process

CSF SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

Tagged Content Aggregation

AssetWAV

AssetHTML

Fragment

AssetGIF

AssetXML Doc

AssetJavaScriptFunctions

AssetFlash Object

AssetJPEG

AssetWholeWeb Page

AssetWAV

AssetHTML

Fragment

AssetGIF

AssetXML

Doc

AssetJavaScript

Functions

AssetFlash

Object

AssetJPEG

SCO content.htmApi=getAPI();Var result = api.LMSInitialize(“”);Var val = api.LMSGetValue(cmi.abc.xyz”);

Var result = api.LMSFinish(“”);

Meta-data

Meta-data

Meta-data

Meta-data

Meta-data

Content objects are authoredinto a specific learning strategy experience – adding still more IP

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CSF (Content Aggregation) SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

SCO

SCOCourse Meta-data

Content Meta-data

Course Meta-data

Course Meta-data

Course Meta-data

Tagged Content Aggregation

Content Package

DOI

DOI

DOI

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SCORM: Object-Oriented Solution

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DoD ADL View Of Repositories

Get/PutServices

Storage

SearchServices

Metering

UserProfiles

BusinessRules

Testbed

IndustrySpecific Work

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Is There a Channel?

LON’s task is to build a working test bed marketplace infrastructure that is a network of content repositories controlled by content owners, that can be accessed from multiple points for network-wide . . .

Search Retrieval Transactions Authentication/verification Rights and rules

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Core Services

Security

Messaging

Registries TX and AuditAPIs

Network Services

APIsRepositories

(Artesia)DRM User ProfilesBasic Search

Extended Search

UsersAPIsBasic LMS

Community Access Points

Advanced LMS Authoring Tools Other Tools

Legend

First Phase Later Phase

3rd PARTY LON + Partners ADL / UsersLON LON + Users

High-Level Block Architecture

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One-to-One Agreements

Content UsersExchangesContent Owners

Defense

Education

Energy

Finance

Government

Healthcare

Legal

Manufacturing

Publishing

Defense

Education

Energy

Finance

Government

Healthcare

Legal

Manufacturing

Publishing

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Many-to-Many Relationships

Content UsersExchangesContent Owners

LONDOI

Registry and

AuthenticatedInfrastructure

Defense

Education

Energy

Finance

Government

Healthcare

Legal

Manufacturing

Publishing

Defense

Education

Energy

Finance

Government

Healthcare

Legal

Manufacturing

Publishing

Re-purpose, Distribute and Update

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Is There A Market?

The Role of “Learning Objects” Has Changed Learning communities (k-12, higher education, continuing

education, corporate training, just-in-time instruction) Instruction sources (government agencies, companies,

medical services, etc.) Documentation and specifications Supply management, ordering and shipping Knowledge management systems Reference and research

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What Is Role of DOI?

Phase 1 Raw assets (text, video, audio, simulations) Learning objects (single courses) Documents Physical objects

Phase 2 Personal ID and Profiles (learning, medical, credit, etc.) Knowledge management Supply and channel management Transactions

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Core Architecture

Metadata repository and DOIs

Profile repository (trust) and DOIs

Transaction tracking and DOIs

Hard goods metadata repository, DOIs, and order/supply

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Next Steps

Accelerated Development of Learning Objects and Infrastructure

Commercial transactions now underway

Test repositories installed

Network infrastructure being built out

Research CRADA project selecting content users, providers, processes, legal structure

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Schedule

Test repositories at co-labs and some publishers in place

Content selection, design, etc. by Nov. 10

Preliminary infrastructure by late November

Operational infrastructure early next year (?)

Evaluations and reports (?)

Dynamic sequencing, wireless, etc.

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Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Developers Guide To SCORM

LON Repository Test Bed

LON Hand Held Delivery2.0 SCORM Architecture

Scope Document

Coordinated Test Bed - CMU & National Guard BureauLON Content Conversion/Repository Test

ADL 2001

SCORM1.1 Release

SCORM1.2 Release

SCORM1.3 Release

SCORM2.0 Release

IMS Content Packaging Test & Evaluation Phase

IMSTB

IMSTB

IMSTB

ADLPlugFest 4

Cont. Pack.

ADLPlugFest 5

Repositories

ADLPlugFest 6

Data ModelsSeq.&Nav

1. Content PackagingApplication Profiles;2. New LOM & Binding

Repository Functional Requirements Repository Query Services

Seq.& Navigation, Skins, Learning Models

SCORM 2.0 Test & Evaluation Phase

2.0 SCORM Advanced Research-Performance Support

-Intelligent Tutoring Systems-Simulations

IMSTB

Query ServicesApplication Profiles

New Data ModelsSeq. & Nav.Skins, etc.

1. Content Model - Meta-data - XML Binding - CSF2. Run-time Environment - API - Data Model

IEEE AICCIEEEIEEE IEEEAICC AICC

Business Rules:

LON and Content Owners

External Services: Consulting, File Conversion, Certification