Learning Objectives: Who are indigenous people? How our their lives different? Is it in their benefit to develop? This series of lessons has been created from a Postgraduate University Study The idea for this study came from the experience of teaching in an Indigenous tribal school, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India Sentali Indigenous Community, North of Santiniketan, West Bengal Sentali community The photo is of Shantiniketan, a town near the indigenous community. It has more in common with a British town than the indigenous community Left, two children heard cows from grazing land. Top right: a Sentali child with a young goat Bottom right: a lake near the Sentalis land, often the further you travel from the city the less pollution you will see Left, two children heard cows from grazing land. Top right: a Sentali child with a young goat Bottom right: a lake near the Sentalis land, often the further you travel from the city the less pollution you will see Top: A Sentali women bringing in Rice from their communal padi- fields Left: buffalo hides, drying on the tribes football pitch Top: A Sentali women bringing in Rice from their communal padi- fields Left: buffalo hides, drying on the tribes football pitch Experience with the Sentali inspired the following ideas: 1. The Sentali indigenous people have a better quality of life than the poor urban community 2. The modern globalised world threatens the indigenous peoples lives, lands and livelihoods This lead to the next step into conducting broad research to write a PhD proposal Research Trip: Vietnam has 53 indigenous peoples, which made it a good location to carry out pilot research to use to inform Postgraduate study Top, an indigenous village. Bottom left/ right, many of the indigenous people live in rainforest and mountainous areas. Pilot Research Area: The research focused on the indigenous People in the Central Highlands; especially the Co Tu, Bahnar, Ede and Mnong Peoples Pilot Research Area: The research focused on the indigenous People in the Central Highlands; especially the Co Tu, Bahnar, Ede and Mnong Peoples The Co Tu mainly live in the mountains to the West of Danang, in Central VIetnam Below, Rhong community house, Right, young learn from their elders to prepare and crush food from the subsistence farming Indigenous people often have a strong sense of community, they frequently work and relax together In indigenous areas children often have responsibility to look after the animals Above left and right a indigenous hut and man prepares to go fishing. Left, gold dredging in the river will add heavy metals including mercury which will poison the fish. To survive the man may have to stop his reliance on nature and become economically dependent This indigenous village next to this lake makes money from tourism; however, most of its needs come from fishing and farming National Parks indigenous people are not allowed to enter areas where their ancestors lived. They still enter however, and face the risk of prison. Top, this whole area has been deforested for gold mining, killing the trees and polluting the environment Right: power lines being laid into indgenous peoples lands Top, this whole area has been deforested for gold mining, killing the trees and polluting the environment Right: power lines being laid into indgenous peoples lands Development such as roads and Hydroelectric dams can destroy indigenous peoples lands Globally, there are Indigenous Peoples that often live rich lives without money For instance: The un-contacted people of Brazil Indigenous Peoples live in areas not destroyed by the modern world They survive by fishing, farming, hunting and gathering Inuit fishing through the ice They have a great deal of community Sea Bajua People from South China Sea They have their own languages, cultures and communities Nomadic Reindeer Herders Their lands are under threats, especially from people who want their resources They aim to help tribal peoples protect their lives, lands and human rights. oppose the racist attitudes which underpin the way tribal peoples are viewed, seek to stop the illegal and unjust way they are treated. Their vision is to foster an understanding of, and respect for, tribal peoples and the choices they make about their futures. These lessons will put forward an argument to support the rights of indigenous people; this is similar to the ideas put forward by Survival International Some people believe indigenous people are like stone-aged people: this is wrong This view does not take into account how they are intelligent human beings, whose knowledge is enhancing. They may not know of many of things of the globalised world; however, their knowledge of their environments, nature and other aspects of their lives is far greater than those of people in the globalised world. Indigenous globalised Indigenous globalised Write in your books and complete Indigenous People live in... These environments are not... They get their needs from... Their way of life is... Periphery Fringe Core Reasons for the Development of Indigenous People Reasons against the Development of Indigenous People Task Write a PEED paragraph explaining why Development can be viewed as negative from an indigenous perspective Make 3 points Evidence whom Explain - reasoning Develop - own ideas As these people live sustainable lives: perhaps we should start thinking more like them. Discuss their values: do you think we should live more like them? Indigenous valuesGlobalised World Community priorityMoney priority Live with natureIn charge of nature Land communalOwn their own land Little wasteHigh levels of waste Work for food, shelter and needsWork for money Children learn from eldersschools Buildings last and stay the sameConstant new buildings Which values do you think we should have in our future society, back up your points: E.g. I think in Britain that we should be live with nature more, this is because Indigenous valuesGlobalised World Community priorityMoney priority Live with natureIn charge of nature Land communalOwn their own land Little wasteHigh levels of waste Work for food, shelter and needsWork for money Children learn from eldersschools Buildings last and stay the sameConstant new buildings Plenary Discussion of these values and our values would we be better to think more like them? Threats to Indigenous people An on-going study has revealed key tensions between globalised lifestyles and those of indigenous communities, in this case in Vietnam. These include whether communal well-being or economic growth is valued as a panacea; whether ecology is respected or subservient, whether land should be communal or owned; whether resources are used with sustainable utilisation in mind or consumed extensively with high levels of waste; whether work is considered necessary part of live or a way to accumulate money; whether children should learn or be assimilated within mainstream education and whether there should be low impact buildings that are conserved or whether there should be a continual starting from scratch otherwise known as infrastructural development.wrong/ This is an extract from an article by Steve Rushton, called Indigenous Peoples Rights: the Globalised worlds wrong, from When East Meets West Blog