total circulation: 15,000 (2 issues/year)total reach: 75,000 (5 readers per copy)unrivalled shelf life: 6 months to forever

precise distributionKootenay Mountain Culture is a free publication distributed every May and November at over 200 of the west’s best retail outlets, accommodators and resorts:40% East/West Kootenay and Columbia regions

(Eg. Valhalla Pure, Kootenay Mountain Works, Revolution, Gericks, Higher Ground, The Guides Hut, Wearabouts, Skookum Cycle, etc.)

30% Backcountry Operators/Resorts (Canadian Mountain Holidays, Selkirk Wilderness, Retallack, Baldface Lodge, Resorts of The Rockies, Revelstoke Mountain Resort, etc.)

20% Adjacent Kootenay markets: Okanagan, Vancouver/Whistler, Calgary/Edmonton/Bow Valley, Spokane, Northern Idaho/Montana

10% Subscriptions: Worldwide

demographicsAge median: 34Sex male: 54% female: 46%Income average household income: $94,000Pursuits/lifestyles mountain/road biking, skiing,

snowboarding, climbing, hiking, camping, kayaking, running, snowmobiling, motorcycling

our event partnersKMC and CMC offer their advertising clients’ great exposure at western North America’s premier mountain culture events and the support of Cascadia’s best provisioners of beers, beverages and specialty foods, plus exclusive in-room presence at some of BC’s finest resorts and hotels.

Thanks for taking the time to consider working with Kootenay Mountain Culture and its partner products. Here’s all the information you’ll need to advertise in KMC #31—The Lost Issue.

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Kootenay Mountain Culture magazine is also available at select locations in Vancouver, Squamish and Whistler.

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“GREAT articles, great ads, beautiful magazine. I think we should partner . . . oops, thank goodness we already have!”— Laurie Harvey banff mountain and book festival

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96 K M C summer 2016

The WizzardHe’s a rock star. And a bus driver. He has cast forth good vibes, and a wayward frisbee or two, from an enchanted ranch near Parson, British Columbia, for over 40 years. His name is Infinity Solstice. This is his story. We think.

By Kevin Brooker

Photographs by Claire Dibble

the dude driving the party bus is wearing a velvet cape. Of course he’s a wizard. What more proof do you need?

Still, you’ll probably need to forget all that Harry Potter bullshit when you meet Infinity Solstice, Bright Wizzard of Destiny. As someone who really does things most mortals cannot, he just might be the real deal. That’s because most mortals live on crowded streets, eat crap vegetables from 2,000 kilometres away and go years between visits with their adult children. They have bosses and

schedules and neighbours that piss them off, whereas Infinity — Fin, to his many friends — suffers none of that. It’s hard to deny it’s a form of wizardry to be a surviving member of a faded generation of 1960s freedom seekers still living according to his younger years’ idealism, off in the woods.

Of course, there will always be questions. But as with Sting or Banksy or Iggy Pop, presumably, few dare ask them. Even in the assertively rural district between Golden and Invermere, British

summer 2016 K M C 97

“When I came to Golden, I came at the same time as a whole bunch of American draft dodgers, but I’m 100 per cent Canadian. The Vietnam War was happening and all sorts of nuclear stuff. We thought the world was going to blow up, man. I’m not lying. That’s part of why I came here. To this day, people think I’m an American, but I don’t care. It’s not a big deal.”

84 K M C summer 2016 summer 2016 K M C 85

my 11-year-old daughter can’t sit still. She’s bouncing at the kitchen table one minute, tapping on the couch the next. She’s drawing and then instantly bored and picks up her guitar. When some neighbourhood kids come over, she has trouble waiting her turn to play a video game. On a rainy Saturday morning, she’s suddenly a text-book case of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). At least according to its ever-expanding definition.

My computer’s dictionary says ADHD is “any of a range of behavioral disorders occurring primarily in children, includ-ing such symptoms as poor concentration,

[FACT OR FICTION]

his wallet in stores and find his keys in the fridge. And many of his students struggle with ADHD too. “Some are totally paralyzed by their inability to focus,” he says. “Without medication they couldn’t function. It’s a serious disease.”

But, from sociological perspective, the widely reported ADHD epidemic could be more indicative of a shift in our values and in medicine than our biol-ogy. Increasingly we want to treat

variety with a label and prescrip-tion. Add in a few profit-driven big pharmaceuti-cal companies and it’s easy to see why the number of people with ADHD is growing in North America.

But in Europe, only one to two per cent of kids are diagnosed with ADHD, which is what the North American statistics were back in 1990. That may be partly because big pharmaceutical companies are less influential in Europe, and doctors pri-marily use the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) criteria to

diagnose mental disorders. But on this side of the Atlantic, where four to 15 per cent

of kids have ADHD, doctors rely on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), a similar manual pub-

lished by the American Psychiatric Association.

According to critics, like author and psychol-ogist Christopher Lane, large pharmaceutical companies have a huge influence on the diagno-sis of ADHD in North America because they help write the DSM.

Diagnosing ADHD is subjective and relies

on a doctor’s interpretation and training, and Lane notes with each new update to the DSM the net gets wider for what qualifies

as ADHD. “Makes careless mistakes” or “often has difficulty waiting his or her turn” are now among the symptoms. “There’s more than a grain of truth to concern that psychiatry has spent the past three decades, in particular, turning significantly

large numbers of human condi-tions into treatable disorders,” argues Lane.

Pharmaceutical companies made $9 billion from ADHD drugs in 2012, according to data

company IMS Health, compared to $1.7 billion a decade earlier. No wonder the purveyors of ADHD medications like Adderall, Concerta, Focalin and Vyvanse have more recently shifted their advertising campaigns somewhat away from children to parents. It’s a whole new mar-ket of people potentially not acting normally.

While no one knows definitively what causes ADHD symptoms, the disorder does have certain biological and chemical markers: some people have particular brain structures that are smaller or their dopamine production is reduced. However, these factors alone cannot constitute a diagnosis.

What’s more, there’s a growing pool of evi-dence suggesting ADHD traits were once prized. Research actually links ADHD to a mutation of a

TRUTH OR SCARE? FROM MAN’S FIRST AWAKENINGS, THE HUMAN CONDITION HAS BEEN NURTURED AND MANIPULATED BY THE FORCES OF ABJECT REALITY, UNINFORMED ASSUMPTION AND MANUFACTURED PER-CEPTION. BUT, THE TRUTH IS OUT THERE. ARMED WITH THE BARE BULB OF FACT, A TEAM OF KMC SCRIBES- AS-SKEPTICS KNUCKLES DOWN ON FIVE COMMONLY HELD BELIEFS THAT ARE, IN FACT, NOT WHAT “THEY” SAY.

there’s anADHDepidemic

Is it a New Age epidemic? Or an apt response to our hyperconnected times? A father views a daughter through the unfocused lens of North America’s second most common childhood disorder and finds that the kids might, in fact, be all right. [FACT or FICTION]

electric mountain bikes are the devil’s toolFrom Whistler to Ymir to Europe, the debate over the electric mountain bike’s impeding impact on your favourite singletrack runs from love to loathe.

By Vince Hempsall Illustration by Scott Dickson

sweet sally’s a bitch. For a mountain bike trail, it has very few redeeming qualities: it’s a seven-kilometre skid track near Nelson, British Columbia, strewn with loose rock that parallels neighbouring Sproule Creek, much of it at a back-busting 12 per cent gradient. The only reason anyone rides it is to access the scenic Vallelujah trail. But on this particular day I’m in love with Sally. I’m zooming up the trail on a Pedego Ridge Rider electric mountain bike, and with each push of the pedal I’m jettisoned farther and faster than I’ve ever ridden uphill before. The only thing marring my ride is the fact that it’s artificial.

Electric motors are one of the most hot-button topics among mountain bik-ers right now. Whether it’s an add-on kit, like the Bion-X system, or purpose-built, dual-suspension rides like those offered by Cube — and soon every other major bike manufacturer — debate rages as to whether they belong on non-motorized trails like Sweet Sally.

To be clear, electric mountain bikes are not motorcycles; they’re defined as bicycles with electric motors that do not exceed 250 watts. And in places that have

one to two children in every british columbia classroom and about four per cent of the population have adhd, according to provincial figures.hyperactivity, and impulsivity.” Wikipedia adds

that these behaviours are not age-appropriate for the person displaying them.

According to doctors, a lot of kids aren’t act-ing their age these days. In 1990, doctors diag-nosed 600,000 US kids with ADHD. Today there are six times as many, 3.5 million, making it the second most commonly diagnosed childhood disorder. Canadian kids parallel that trend. One to two children in every British Columbia class-room and about four per cent of the population have ADHD, according to provincial figures.

I have no doubt ADHD is real. My brother-in-law, diagnosed with ADHD in his 20s, struggled in school but excelled at university, eventually becoming a teacher at an alterna-tive high school — even as he continues to leave

By Ryan Stuart

specific gene naturally selected through human evolution. A 2005 study published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface showed that people with ADHD traits are more likely to be risk takers, explorers and information sharers. It’s easy to see how they would be the ones to find the Bering Land Bridge or try fermented grapes and then tell everyone else

about it. When there’s work to be done, who doesn’t love the hyper person? And these people tend to have faster reflexes; they respond to dan-ger and deal with stress better than others.

That takes us to a whole other body of research linking environmental factors to ADHD. Low birth weight, premature birth, emotional abuse, early exposure to violence, a traumatic brain injury, poor education and family dysfunc-tion: these nightmares of childhood increase the risk of developing ADHD. Some scientists think ADHD symptoms are actually stress-coping mechanisms. In that light, several studies have found exercise decreases symptoms. Generally, 30 to 50 per cent of diagnoses disappear with adulthood.

Add it all up and it’s easy to wonder if ADHD might be over-diagnosed. Perhaps it’s a natu-ral expression of variety — a biological reaction to our modern society’s need for everyone to fit into the boxes of classrooms and cubicles.

Back at home, my daughter and I brave the rain and go to the climbing gym. When we get home she quietly sits down and hammers out an hour of homework.

A big reason Ryan Stuart chose to be a freelance adventure writer is mental health. He needs to get out and play every day or he gets really grumpy.

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DEADLINES

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