laser assisted emittance exchange to reduce the x-ray fel size · 2010. 9. 8. · 3 beam...
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Laser assisted emittance exchange to reduce the X-ray FEL size
Dao Xiang, SLACMar-4-2010
FLS 2010, SLAC
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Outline
Principles of emittance exchange
An 1.5 Angstrom FEL driven by 3.8 GeV beam
Beam requirement for FELs
Laser assisted emittance exchange (LAEE)
Timing and energy jitter
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Beam requirement in x-ray FEL
Low geometric emittance
Low energy spread
High peak current
Electron slips back by one radiation wavelength after it travels one undulator period
~10 GeV beam with ~1 MeV energy spread and ~kA peak current
LCLS: ~14 GeV; European XFEL: ~17.5 GeV
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Motivation for compact FEL
LCLS: 420 M $
$$$
SwissFEL, FEL at China, ……
Space
European XFEL: 850 M Euros
SSRF
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Path to a compact FEL
Electron-radiation coupling requires K ≥ 1
Moderate energy (~ 4 GeV)
Compact hard x-ray FEL with short period undulator
Ultralow transverse emittance (~ 0.1 mm mrad)
Small , in-vacuum undulator
Resistive wake field ~ a-2
Moderate peak current (< 500 A)
Saturation length ~ 30 m (undulator period ~ 1 cm)
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Wake field effect in compact x-ray FEL Spring-8 Compact Sase Source (SCSS)
Undulator period: 15 mmUndulator gap: 3.5 mm
SCSS X-FEL conceptual design report, 2005
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Emittance exchange
Initial beam matrix
Transfer matrix of a beam line
Beam line
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Emittance exchange
Requirements for complete emittance exchange
with
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Emittance exchange Chicane + rf dipole cavity (incomplete exchange)
Two doglegs + rf dipole cavity (complete exchange)M. Cornacchia and P. Emma, Phy. Rev. ST-AB, 5, 084001 (2002)
K.-J. Kim and A. Sessler, AIP Conf. Proc, 821, 115, (2006)
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Limitations of the emittance exchange Longitudinal emittance is NOT small
Short bunch might have CSR problem
LCLS beam: 250 pC
Timing and energy jitter problem
Transverse emittance is ~0.5 um
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Laser assisted emittance exchange (LAEE)
TEM00 TEM10
TEM10 laser is equivalent to rf dipole mode cavity for the particles at s~0
beam
laser
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LAEE (Gold particles in red)
Phase space after interaction with the TEM10 laser
Before exchange After exchange
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Compact x-ray FELs
Soft x-ray FEL at 1.5 nm E=1.2 GeV; Ls=15 m; Np=3*1011
Hard x-ray FEL at 0.15 nm E=3.8 GeV; Ls=30 m; Np=5*1010
1.5 nm 0.15 nm
D. Xiang, Phys. Rev. ST-AB, 13, 010701 (2010)
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Effects of energy and timing jitter Standard emittance exchange scheme
Timing jitter wrong phase non-zero kick position jitter
Energy jitter wrong phase non-zero kick position jitter
P. Emma, et al, Phy. Rev. ST-AB, 9, 100702 (2006)
nominalwith timing error
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Effects of energy and timing jitter
LAEE (timing jitter absorber)
Traditional emittance exchange schemeTiming/Energy jitter on the order of sigma_z and sigma_E will transform to transverse position/angular jitter on the order of sigma_x and sigma_x’
Because the GOLD particles are defined by the laser, the timing and energy jitter of the beam will not affect the beam transverse position and divergence
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Summary
LAEE may allow one to generate beam with ultralow transverse emittance
Help to realize an ultra-compact XFEL
Thanks!
Many thanks to:
Y. Cai, A. Chao, Y. Ding, P. Emma, Z. Huang, G. Stupakov and J. Wu
NOT sensitive to energy and timing jitter