large-scale antenna systems in mmwave scenarios · large-scale antenna systems in mmwave scenarios...
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
5G & IoT Seminar
Large-Scale Antenna Systems In
mmWave Scenarios
Jonathan Gambini
• 1000x higher mobile data
volume per area
• 10x to 100x higher number
of connected devices
• Ten(s) of Gbit/s peak rate
• 10x to 100x times higher
typical user data rate
• 10x longer battery life
• 5x reduced end-to-end
latency
5G Evolutions
5G Evolutions
SNRn
WkR
1log
MIMO, Densification,
CooperationOffloading, Densification
MIMO
mmWave spectrum
• 1000x higher mobile data
volume per area
• 10x to 100x higher number
of connected devices
• Ten(s) of Gbit/s peak rate
• 10x to 100x times higher
typical user data rate
• 10x longer battery life
• 5x reduced end-to-end
latency
MIMO, Densification,
CooperationOffloading, Densification
MIMO
Capacity increase since 1957:
• 25× improvement from wider spectrum
• 5× improvement from dividing the spectrum
• 5× improvement from better modulation schemes
• 1600× gain through reduced cell sizes
5G EvolutionsmmWave spectrum
• 1000x higher mobile data
volume per area
• 10x to 100x higher number
of connected devices
• Ten(s) of Gbit/s peak rate
• 10x to 100x times higher
typical user data rate
• 10x longer battery life
• 5x reduced end-to-end
latency
SNRn
WkR
1log
Huawei proprietary – restricted distribution
10 50403020 60 80701 542 63 GHz
mmWave region (wide bandwidths availability)
eMBB, URLLC
eMBB
Wide coverage &deep indoormMTC, …
High Frequencies
Super Data Layer
Medium Frequencies
Coverage & capacity Layer
Low Frequencies
Coverage Layer
To address specific use cases requiring extremely high data rates
Best compromise between capacity and coverage
Wide and deep coverage
Sub-700 / 700 / 800 / 900 / 1400 / 1800 MHz
2100 / 2300 / 2600 / 3x00-4x00 MHz
up to 100MHz assignments
(contiguous when possible)
(up to 20MHz paired / unpaired)
Above 6GHz
N x 100 MHz assignments
Sub-6 GHz
5G Needs Spectrum Below And Above 6 GHz
Huawei proprietary – restricted distribution
10 50403020 60 80701 542 63 GHz
mmWave region (wide bandwidths availability) Sub-6 GHz
5G Needs Spectrum Below And Above 6 GHz
Coping with poor link budget and severe rain fading at high frequencies:
• increase transmit power (technological limits)
• increase antenna gain
Huawei proprietary – restricted distribution
10 50403020 60 80701 542 63 GHz
mmWave region (wide bandwidths availability) Sub-6 GHz
5G Needs Spectrum Below And Above 6 GHz
Coping with poor link budget and severe rain fading at high frequencies:
• increase transmit power (technological limits)
• increase antenna gain
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
Option 1 : Full-digital Approach
...
DigitalCore
Large-Scale Antenna Systems
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
Option 1 : Full-digital Approach
...
DigitalCore
Issues
• High cost
• High power consumption of mmWave hardware
Large-Scale Antenna Systems
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
RF chainA D
A D
A D
Option 1 : Full-digital Approach Option 2 : Hybrid Analog / Digital Approach
...
...
DigitalCore
Large-Scale Antenna Systems
DigitalCore
Issues
• High cost
• High power consumption of mmWave hardware
A D
A D
...
Phased arrays
DigitalCore
Hybrid Analog / Digital Architecture
phase shifter
A D
A D
...
Phased arrays
DigitalCore
Hybrid Analog / Digital Architecture
Sparse nature of mmWave channelsphase shifter
A D
A D
...
Phased arrays
DigitalCore
Hybrid Analog / Digital Architecture
Sparse nature of mmWave channelsphase shifter
A D
A D
...
Phased arrays
DigitalCore
Hybrid Analog / Digital Architecture
Sparse nature of mmWave channelsx x x
x xphase shifter
Limits
• Non-optimal communication schemes
• Design of low power analog network
• Frequency division multiple access
• Number of simultaneous users
Challenges
• Two-stage decoding / precoding design
• Calibration for guaranteeing channel reciprocity
• Initial access
Sparse nature of mmWave channels
Hybrid Analog / Digital Architecture
A D
A D
...
Phased arrays
DigitalCore
x x x
x xphase shifter
Initial access
Adaptive Arrays
Beam training requires
a dedicated phase
Strong interference
Weak interference
Beam training requires
a dedicated phase
Initial access
Adaptive Arrays
xx
x
mmWave Opportunities For 5G Ecosystems
5G Macro Cell
5G Small Cell
Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)
HF Coverage
LF Coverage
HF CoverageUP: User PlaneCP: Control PlaneHF: High FrequencyLF: Low Frequency
Macro Site @ Sub 6 GHzConnectivity & coverage & mobility
Small Cell @ Above 6 GHzHigh traffic offloading
Distributing The Antennas
Densification
• Improve SINR without reducing the
frequency reuse factor or traffic load
• Capacity increase limited by inter-cell
interference
CUConnectivity Issue
Distributing The Antennas
Densification
• Improve SINR without reducing the
frequency reuse factor or traffic load
• Capacity increase limited by inter-cell
interference
CU
Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP)
• Users gain from neighboring radio access nodes
• High diversity gains due to independency of channels
from users to cooperating access points
Connectivity Issue
Distributing The Antennas
Densification
• Improve SINR without reducing the
frequency reuse factor or traffic load
• Capacity increase limited by inter-cell
interference
The original motivation for DASs was to
improve indoor cellular communication
Mainstream technology for improving coverage
in both indoor (malls, railway stations, and
airports) and outdoor (stadiums and cities)
crowded areas
Pure coverage solution (signals from the
base station are simulcast across all the
antennas)
Capacity enhancement solution
DAS studied in 3GPP LTE-A Release 10
Remote Radio Heads as an option for
coordinated multipoint
Neutral Host Model: a third-party company
funds the DAS, and leases access to the
operator(s)
Source: China Mobile Research Institute
Past Present Future
Distributed Antenna Systems
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