land use transportation and health
DESCRIPTION
Land Use Transportation and Health. Adult obesity: 1989. No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%. (*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman). Adult obesity: 1991. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Land Use
Transportation and
Health
![Page 2: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Adult obesity: 1989Adult obesity: 1989
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 3: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1991Adult obesity: 1991
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 4: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1992Adult obesity: 1992
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 5: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1993Adult obesity: 1993
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 6: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1994Adult obesity: 1994
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 7: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1995Adult obesity: 1995
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 8: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1996Adult obesity: 1996
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 9: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1997Adult obesity: 1997
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 10: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1998Adult obesity: 1998
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 11: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 1999Adult obesity: 1999
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 12: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
No Data < 10% 10% - 14% 15% - 19% 20%
Adult obesity: 2000Adult obesity: 2000
(*BMI 30, or ~ 30 lbs overweight for 5’4” woman)
![Page 13: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Obesity = Diabetes High Blood
Pressure Heart Disease Stroke Arthritis Asthma Some cancers
Why does obesity matter?
Obesity and Disease Risk:
![Page 14: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Modifiable Behaviors Associated with Deaths, US,
1990
0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000
Illicit Drugs
Motor Vehicles
Sexual Behavior
Firearms
Toxic Agents
Infections
Alcohol
Inactivity & Diet
Tobacco
Three hundred thousand!
![Page 15: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How much physical activity do we need each day to stay
healthy? 30 minutes physical activity 30 minutes physical activity (cumulative)(cumulative)
moderate level/most daysmoderate level/most days
Result: significant health benefitsResult: significant health benefitsSurgeon General’s Recommendation
![Page 16: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Who says community design matters?
The Centers for Disease Control“Changes in the community
environment to promote physical activity may offer the most practical approach to prevent obesity or reduce its co-morbidities. Restoration of physical activity as part of the daily routine represents a critical goal.”
Dr. Jeffrey Koplan, Dr. William Dietz, CDC
![Page 17: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
“Automobile trips that can be safely replaced by walking or bicycling offer the first target for increased physical activity in communities.”
Dr. Jeffrey Koplan, Dr. William Dietz, CDC
Why Walking and Bicycling?
![Page 18: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
What about children going to school?
• Only 31% of trips under 1 mile are by walking
• Only 2% of trips under 2 miles are by bicycling
![Page 19: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
What is needed for healthy change?
Proactive Proactive encouragemencouragem
ent by ent by health care health care providersproviders
Proactive Proactive encouragemencouragem
ent by ent by health care health care providersproviders
Changes Changes in in
individual individual behaviorbehavior
Changes Changes in in
individual individual behaviorbehavior
Community Community designs that designs that
make walking & make walking & biking safe, easy biking safe, easy
& enjoyable!& enjoyable!
![Page 20: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
How do we create Active Community Environments?
Development patterns that improve the walking & biking environment
Street designs that improve pedestrian & bicycle convenience, comfort & safety
![Page 21: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Which design encourages more activity?
Community design patterns matter
Or?
![Page 22: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Land Use
and
Transportation Choices
![Page 23: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Mode Split Comparison:Europe and North America
data 1990or later
NetherlandsDenmark
Germany (western)Switzerland
SwedenAustria
Germany (eastern)England & Wales
FranceItaly
CanadaU.S.A.
0
20
40
60
80
100 BicycleWalkTransitAuto
![Page 24: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Mode Split in Selected German Cities
compared to Portland by Population
MunichCologne
EssenStuttgart
DusseldorfBremen
HannoverPORTLAND
NurembergMeunster
KasselFreiberg
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%BicycleTransitWalkAuto
Larger population than PortlandSmaller population
than Portland
![Page 25: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Mode Split in the Netherlandsby Trip Distance
BicycleTransit Walk Auto
Source: Statistics Netherlands, National Travel Survey, 1996
40%
26%
7%
40%
0-1.5 1.5-3 3-4.5 >4.5 All Trips
Distance (miles)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
Percentage
29%
![Page 26: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Travel Choices by Adults:Netherlands, Germany, USA
18-24 25-39 40-64 65-74 75+ 18-44 45-64 65-74 75+ 16-24 25-39 40-64 65+0%
20%
60%
80%
100%
Private Car
Public TransportBicycleWalk
The Netherlands Germany USA
40%
50% of people over 75 walk or bike
![Page 27: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Developing the Bikeway Network
1973
![Page 28: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
1983
Developing the Bikeway Network
![Page 29: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
1993
Developing the Bikeway Network
![Page 30: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
1998
Developing the Bikeway Network
![Page 31: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
2003
Developing the Bikeway Network
![Page 32: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Increasing Bicycle Use in Portland
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Year
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
Cyclists Per Day
0
50
100
150
200
250
Bikeway Miles
Miles of Bikeways
Bridge Bicycle Traffic
1992:
83 miles of bikeways
2,850 daily trips
2002:
238 miles of bikeways
8,250 daily trips
![Page 33: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Mix of land usesSite designInterconnected
streetsHuman-scale design
Development patterns can improve the walking & bicycling environment
![Page 34: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Mixed land use: schools, shops, parks close by To which store are To which store are
you more likely to you more likely to walk?walk?
![Page 35: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Site design: getting to buildings on foot or by bike
How do you get there How do you get there from here?from here?
![Page 36: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Site design: getting to buildings or parking a bike
![Page 37: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Human-scale design: create inviting & memorable places
![Page 38: Land Use Transportation and Health](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022042822/56812a5a550346895d8dbba9/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Human-scale design: create inviting & memorable places