lab safety manual

The University of Alabama in HuntsvilleLABORATORY SAFETY MANUAL

Laboratory Safety Manual

The UAH Office of Environmental Health and SafetyThe UAH Laboratory Safety Committee

December 2003


Review Dates for Laboratory Safety Manual

The UAH Laboratory Safety Committee (LSC) and the Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS) isresponsible for review and evaluation of this manual at least once every three years from the date of the originalmanual. The review dates are documented below.

Review Date Comments OEHS Lab SafetyCommittee

2003 Original Plan


Table of Contents

Review Form

Table of Contents

Disclaimer

Policy Statement

Preface

Executive Summary

I. IntroductionII. Emergencies

A. Hazardous Chemical /Substance Spills1. Chemical Spill Kit Materials2. General Chemical Spill Guidelines3. Organic Solvent Spills4. Acid Spills5. Mercury Spills6. Radioactive Materials

• Small Radioactive Spill• Large Radioactive Spill

7. Biohazardous Radioactive Material8. Biological Spills or Exposures

• Biological Spill Kit9. Biological Spill Procedures

• Blood Spills• Small Ethidium Bromide Spill Clean-up and Disposal

10. Spill Procedures by Biosafety Level• Biosafety Level 1 Spill• Biosafety Level 2 Spill• Biosafety Level 3 Spill

B. Fires• Small Fires• Large Fires

C. Weather Alerts

D. First Aid/Responding to Injuries1. First Aid Kits2. Inhalation of a Biological Material3. Needlesticks and Other Punctures

• Needlesticks With the Potential for BL3 Exposure4. Chemical Injury or Exposure Response5. Wounds

• Small Cuts and Scratches• Significant Bleeding• Thermal Burns• Chemical Burns

• Skin• Eyes

• Hydrofluoric Acid Burns6. Ingestion of Chemicals


7. Inhalation of ChemicalsE. Reporting Injuries

III University Environmental Health & Safety CommitteesA. University Environmental Health & Safety CommitteeB. Laboratory Safety CommitteeC. Radiation Safety Committee

IV. Identification of Chemical HazardsA. Project RegistrationB. Right-To-Know and Material Safety Data SheetsC. Product Labels

V. Chemical Inventories and LabelingA. InventoriesB. Labeling

VI. Personal SafetyA. TrainingB. MSDS AvailabilityC. Safe Use of Laboratory EquipmentD. Laboratory DoorsE. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)F. Eating in the Laboratory and Food StorageG. HairH. PipettingI. LaundryJ. Hand WashingK. Experiment IdentificationL. Lockout Tagout

VII. HousekeepingA. Elements of Good Laboratory Housekeeping

1. Chemical Storage• Storage of Peroxide Forming Compounds• EPA Compatibility Table

2. Glassware Cleansing3. Work Surfaces and Floors

B. Closeout Procedures for Hazardous Materials LaboratoriesVIII. Standard Laboratory Safety Equipment

A. Fume Hoods1. When to Use a Fume Hood2. Terms and Definitions3. How Fume Hoods Work

• Survivair Fume Hood Operation4. Hood Safety Practices

B. Biosafety CabinetsC. Laminar Flow HoodsD. Snorkel HoodsE. Emergency EyewashesF. Emergency Showers

IX. Fire PreventionA. Ignition sourcesB. Fire Safety Equipment


C. Fire Risk Minimization1. NFPA 45

• Table 1 – Maximum Allowable Quantity of Flammables and Combustibles in a SprinkleredLab Outside of Storage Cabinets

• Table 2 – Maximum Allowable Quantity of Flammables and Combustibles in Non-SprinkleredLabs Outside of Storage Cabinets

X. Chemical and Hazardous Waste Identification and DisposalA. Chemical Waste MinimizationB. Chemical and Hazardous Waste Identification

• Characteristic Hazardous Waste1. Corrosive2. Flammable3. Reactive4. Toxic

• Chemical Waste Categories Requiring Mention1. Organic Solvents2. Peroxide Forming Compounds3. Deactivation and Disposal of Ethidium Bromide

• Lunn & Sansone Method• Disposing of Ethidium Bromide Contaminated Labware

C. Unknown Chemical WastesD. Characterizing Unknown Chemical WastesE. Labeling Chemical WastesF. Requesting a Chemical Waste Pick-Up

XI. OEHS Safety AuditsA. OEHS Safety Audit ScheduleB. Self Audits

XII. MiscellaneousA. Nuclear Magnetic ResonanceB. Machine Shop Safety PracticesC. Children in LaboratoriesD. After Hours ExperimentsE. Available UAH Safety Manuals

References

Appendix A• Emergency Contact Phone Numbers• Mandatory Laboratory Safety Rules• Injury Consultation Form

Appendix B• UAH Hazardous Waste Management Plan

Appendix C• Laboratory Safety Audit Forms

- Laboratory Environmental Health and Safety AuditAppendix D

• Chemical Disposal Manifest Directions• Chemical Disposal Manifest• Laboratory Clearance Checklist

Appendix E• Project Registration

Appendix F


• Guidelines for Minors in the Laboratory• Laboratory Project Registration for Minors in the Lab• Parental Consent Form and Emergency Contact Information


DISCLAIMER

This Laboratory Safety Manual was prepared for use by the faculty and staff at the University of Alabama inHuntsville (UAH). It is provided as a means of presenting the regulations and standards pertaining to safelyperforming laboratory work, and as guidelines to illustrate standard, accepted practices for conducting laboratoryinvestigations safely. Neither the author nor the University of Alabama in Huntsville warrants its completeness orcorrectness. Any discrepancies noted should be brought to the attention of the UAH Office of EnvironmentalHealth and Safety.


LABORATORY SAFETY POLICY STATEMENT

The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) is committed to insuring safe practices are utilized in laboratoriesand that safe facilities are offered to the UAH Community. Maintaining compliance with federal, state, and locallaws and regulations pertaining to laboratory safety and hazardous materials management is essential to thiscommitment. The UAH Office of Environmental Health & Safety has overall responsibility for providinginformation and training concerning environmental health and safety to faculty and staff. Implementing safety andassuring students are informed and have a safe laboratory to conduct activities is the responsibility of individualcolleges, departments, and or centers. Colleges, departments, centers, or other units may develop internal policiesand procedures for laboratory safety but they must be at least as stringent as University guidelines and are subject toreview by the Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS).

The director of the OEHS is responsible for (1) developing and maintaining University policies and guidelinesrelated to conducting research and teaching activities safely, and (2) designing and conducting training programsfor University personnel regarding regulatory requirements for safely conducting activities in UAH laboratories.Schools, departments, or other units are responsible for maintaining accurate records related to departmentalstudent training and incident/accident investigation.

The Director of Environmental Health and Safety or his/her appointee has supervisory responsibility for monitoringcompliance with federal, state, and local regulations, and is responsible for identification of units within theUniversity that may not be complying fully with regulations. The Director or his/her appointee is responsible forproviding notification of non-compliance to the units involved and for providing consultation. When units fail tomake necessary changes to comply with regulations, the Director is responsible for reporting such non-complianceto the Dean who has administrative responsibility over the unit involved.


PREFACE

The UAH Laboratory Safety Manual serves as a tool to provide information to the University Community onminimal safety procedures required in campus laboratories. The goal of this manual when paired with appropriatetraining is to obtain zero injuries, illnesses, and or destruction of University property while ensuring faculty andstaff awareness of appropriate laboratory safety practices.

This manual also serves to promote the environmental health of the surrounding community. It is imperative thateach member of UAH faculty and staff and UAH students involved in working in laboratories be knowledgeable inthe proper procedures associated with the safe handling, storage, and disposal of laboratory chemicals andparaphernalia. Use of the guidelines herein is critical to accomplishing the UAH environmental goal.

As we work to provide accurate laboratory safety information in this manual, please remit any comments andrecommendations to the OEHS at JRC 151. Our goal is to provide service of the highest quality.


EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Laboratory Safety Manual was compiled to ensure the University goals in environmental health and safety asthey apply to laboratory activities are accomplished. Basic concepts in laboratory safety practices are covered.This Manual does not include in depth information on biological safety, radiological safety, laser safety, or generalindustry safety. Information on these safety topics is available from the Office of Environmental Health and Safety.In compiling this information guidelines and recommended practices were drawn from regulatory agencies such as;the National Fire Protection Agency, the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Institutes of Health, andthe Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Knowledge and practice of the guidelines set forth in thismanual will significantly reduce the risk of injury and facility loss and benefit the faculty, staff, and students of TheUniversity of Alabama in Huntsville.

The Laboratory Safety Manual outlines the basic safety requirements and responsibilities of faculty and staffutilizing and responsible for laboratories and laboratory facilities. The manual begins with guidelines foremergency response procedures for chemical spills followed by injury procedures. The injury procedures includethe requirement to complete a standardized form during injury consultations. The form is designed to providenecessary information to the person who has been injured in a UAH laboratory and for documentation purposes.Fire and emergency evacuation procedures are also provided. Measures for best chemical hygiene practices areoutlined. These measures include both requirements and information concerning chemical identification andinventorying, labeling, storage according to chemical compatibility’s, general housekeeping and chemical wastedisposal. The general housekeeping section includes laboratory close out procedures. Significant strides have beenmade at UAH in minimizing the safety and environmental hazards associated with unknown laboratory products.By adhering to the laboratory close out procedures unknown chemical products will be virtually eliminated andincoming faculty and staff will be greeted with a research-ready laboratory. The UAH Hazardous WasteManagement Plan (HWMP), which was previously a stand-alone document, has been incorporated into theLaboratory Safety Manual as an appendix. The goal of the HWMP is to protect the health and safety of employees,students, and the environment while complying with the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. The HWMPprovides guidelines for the management of hazardous waste from it’s point of generation to it’s finaldisposition/destruction. Violations of RCRA regulations can result in fines as much as $32,500 per day perviolation. Criminal charges may be brought against individuals who knowingly violate state, federal, or localregulations. Therefore, failure to comply with the guidelines for handling hazardous waste can have seriousramifications to individuals as well as the University. Additionally, the Laboratory Safety Manual incorporatesOEHS hazard notifications through project registration and optional self-audit procedures. Notification to theOEHS is required for emergency planning, regulatory reporting, and to limit employee and University liabilities.The Laboratory Safety Manual provides information on the fixed safety and industrial hygiene equipment as well ashow to get repairs for these items.


I. IntroductionThe UAH Laboratory Safety Manual is for use as a general guide in safety for chemical laboratories on the UAHcampus. In depth information can be obtained from the OEHS or a number of publications. Prudent Practices forHandling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories is a publication highly recommended for all laboratories utilizinghazardous chemicals.

II. EmergenciesCall the Office of Public Safety (OPS) for immediate assistance when chemical exposure and or injury hasoccurred. The OPS will immediately contact the appropriate parties. The Office of Public Safety can be reached bydialing 6911 on any campus phone. Emergency laboratory situations in which Public Safety should be notifiedinclude but are not limited to; hazardous chemical, radioisotope, and biological agent spills. Injuries and exposuresshould be attended to immediately and the OPS contacted as soon as possible to request an ambulance or otherassistance. In all cases the OPS will immediately call the appropriate individuals for response. A laboratory signindicating emergency phone numbers must be posted in all laboratories and is available in Appendix A.

All injury and chemical exposure cases must be reported to the OPS within 48 hours of the occurrence. This isaccomplished by either a supervisory person or the injured/exposed person completing and submitting anaccident/injury report at the UAH Police Station in the Physical Plant Building.

A. Hazardous Chemical/Substance Spills must be cleaned as soon as possible. If the spill exceeds five litersor is an acutely hazardous substance, as defined in Appendix B of this manual, the OPS must be contactedimmediately at 6911.

General procedural guidelines to follow during a chemical spill are listed in section II C. Individual departmentsmay develop more detailed internal procedures. Internal procedures must be at least as stringent as the UAHLaboratory Safety Manual guidelines and are subject to review by the OEHS.

1. Spill Kit MaterialsLaboratories should be prepared for chemical spills by having a spill kit or materials available andsupervisory personnel trained to respond. The spill kit must be in an obvious location and all personsresponsible for the activities conducted in the laboratory must be knowledgeable in the use of the spill kit.Spill kits can be specialized for individual laboratories or can contain general supplies necessary to handlea variety of spills. Spill kits are commercially available or you may request a listing from the OEHS onwhat items must be included in a spill kit. Departments, centers or units are responsible for purchasing andrefurbishing spill kit items. Recommended items for a universal chemical spill kit are:

SPILL ABSORBENTS & EQUIPMENT1- Container of SPILL-X-A ACID NEUTRALIZER & ABSORBENT1- Container of SPILL-X-B BASE NEUTRALIZER & ABSORBENT1- Container of SPILL-X-S SOLVENT ABSORBENT1- Small broom1- Plastic dustpanPERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENTSafety gogglesChemical resistant apron or lab coatNitrile glovesSPILL CONSUMABLES:pH paperChemical waste disposal bagsChemical waste labels5 gallon pail

2. General Chemical Spill GuidelinesDetermine the extent and type of spill. Contact the Office of Public Safety at 6911 if any of the followingapply:


• large spill category• release to the environment• acutely hazardous chemical (as listed in the HWMP) spill• no one trained in the proper procedures for cleaning chemical spills

Spill Category TableCategory Quantity Response Treatment MaterialsSmall Spilled material< 300

millilitersChemical Treatment N e u t r a l i z a t i o n o r

absorption spill kitMedium 300 ml <spilled material<

5 LitersAbsorption Absorption Spill Kit

Large Spilled material >5 Liters Call OPS at 6911

1. Immediately alert area occupants and supervisor, and evacuate the area, if necessary.2. Contact the Office of Public Safety (OPS) at 6911 in the event of a fire or when medical attention

is required.3. Attend to any people who may be contaminated. The First Aid Manual for Chemical Accidents is

available in each laboratory building. Refer to the posted signs for location information.Contaminated clothing must be removed immediately and the skin flushed with water for at leastfifteen minutes. Clothing must be laundered separate from other clothing before reuse.

4. Immediately warn everyone when a volatile flammable material is spilled. Control sources ofignition. Ventilate the area by turning on the fume hoods with the sashes completely open andopen all windows.

5. Use the appropriate personal protective equipment for the hazard involved. Refer to the MaterialSafety Data Sheet or other available references for information.

6. The use of respiratory protection requires specialized training and medical surveillance. DO NOTenter a contaminated atmosphere without protection or use a respirator without training. Call theOPS or OEHS when respiratory protection is required and there are no trained personnel available.When respiratory protection is used for emergency purposes there must be another trained personoutside the spill area. This person must have communication abilities with the person in the spillarea. Contact Public Safety when no one is available for back-up.

7. Cover or block floor drains or any other route that could lead to an environmental release.8. Use the appropriate media when cleaning spills. Begin by circling the outer edge of the spill with

absorbent. Next, distribute spill control materials over the surface of the spill. This will effectivelystop the liquid from spreading and minimize volatilization.

9. Place absorbed materials in an appropriate container using a brush and scoop. Small spills can beplaced in polyethylene bags. Larger quantity spills may require five-gallon pails or 20-gallondrums with polyethylene liners.

10. Absorbent materials used on the chemical spill will most likely require disposal as hazardouswaste. Place a completed hazardous waste label on the container. Contact the OEHS at 2352 forinformation concerning preparing waste for disposal and for a waste pick-up.

11. Clean the surface where the spill occurred using a mild detergent and water.12. Immediately report all spills to your supervisor.3. Solvent Spills

1. Apply activated charcoal to the perimeter of the spill.2. Mix until the spill has been completely absorbed.3. Transfer the absorbed solvent to a hazardous waste bag, tie and attach an appropriate label.4. Contact the OEHS for pick-up.5. Clean the area with soapy water.

4. Corrosive Spills (Acids and Bases)Hydrofluoric acid requires special treatment. Products are commercially available for absorbinghydrofluoric acid. Purchase of hydrofluoric acid spill and personnel exposure material (see first aidkits) is mandatory for laboratories using hydrofluoric acid. Bases can be equally as harmful as


acids. Never add a strong acid to a strong base. Use the appropriate neutralizer supplied in thespill kit and follow these steps:1. Apply neutralizer to the perimeter of the spill.2. Mix thoroughly until evolution of gas has stopped.3. Check the mixtures pH with pH paper.4. Transfer the waste to a bag, fill out the appropriate waste label and call the OEHS for a

pick-up.5. Clean the spill area with soapy water.

5. Mercury SpillsMercury is classified as a persistent bioaccumulative toxin (PBT). Additionally some forms oforganic mercury readily absorb through gloves and skin. Laboratories utilizing mercury must beprepared with an appropriate cleanup kit. Kits are available through laboratory and safety supplycompanies.

When more than ten milliliters of mercury has been spilled:1. Alert others in the area.2. Mark off the area.3. Contact the OEHS immediately.

Procedure for use with commercially available mercury clean-up sponge:1. Dampen the sponge with water and wipe the contaminated area.2. Perform the procedure slowly to insure complete absorption of mercury onto the sponge.3. Place the sponge in its plastic bag, tie shut and fill out an appropriate waste label. Call the

OEHS for disposal.

6. Radioactive Material SpillsSpills of quantities of radiological materials present at UAH cause little or no immediate externalhazard. Of bigger concern, is the spread of contamination and the internal contamination ofpersonnel. Radioactive material spills must therefore be handled in a manner that prevents this.Prevent the spread of contamination by limiting the movement of persons present in the area of thespill until they have been found free of contamination. A minor radiation spill is one that can behandled safely without the assistance of the radiation safety staff. Most spills at UAH will be smallspills due to the small quantities of radioisotopes that are utilized in campus laboratories.

Small/Minor Radioactive Material SpillA small radiation spill is one that can be handled safely without the assistance of the radiationsafety staff.1. Alert persons in the immediate area.2. Distinguish the spill area with radioactive label tape. Indicate the isotope spilled.3. Notify the laboratory manager or principle investigator.4. Wear personal protective equipment to include, safety goggles, disposable gloves, shoe

covers and long sleeve lab coat. If the substance is a beta emitter a plastic lab apron maybe used to provide additional body shielding.

5. Place absorbent towels over liquid spills and dampened towels over spills of solidmaterials.

6. Clean the spills beginning from the outside edge and moving towards the center.7. Place the towels in a plastic bag and put in a radiation waste container.8. Verify the area and responder hands and shoes are free from contamination by using a

survey meter or by performing wipe tests. Repeat the cleaning process until there is nocontamination remaining.

9. Submit a written account to the Radiation Control Officer within 24 hours of theoccurrence.

Large/Major Radioactive Material Spill1. Attend to contaminated and injured persons and protect them from continued exposure.


2. Alert persons in the area to evacuate.3. Keep contaminated and potentially contaminated persons in one area, (safe distance away

from contamination source) until they can be monitored for exposure.4. Call the Office of Public Safety at 6911 immediately. (They will contact the radiation

safety officer.)5. Ventilation, drafts and air currents should be controlled to prevent the spread of

contamination.6. Close the doors and prevent entrance to the contaminated area.7. Submit a written report of the spill incident to the Radiation Control Officer within 24

hours of the occurrence.

7. Spill of Biohazardous Radioactive MaterialProcedures for spill cleanup of a radioactive biological material requires emergency procedureswhich protect the person from exposure to the radiochemical while disinfecting the biologicalmaterial.1. Avoid inhaling airborne material, notify other room occupants, and quickly leave the area.2. Remove all contaminated clothing by turning exposed areas inward. Place in a biohazard

bag.3. Wash all exposed skin areas with a disinfectant soap. Rinse for a minimum of 5 minutes.4. Inform the laboratory supervisor and contact the OPS at 6911.5. Post a spill sign and do not reenter the lab for at least 30 minutes.6. Contact the radiation safety officer to confirm safe entry into the laboratory.7. Utilize appropriate protective clothing and reenter the spill area. The use of respirators

requires special training. Call the OEHS if a respirator trained individual is required butnot available for spill cleanup.

8. Cover the area with disinfectant soaked towels. Pour the disinfectant around the perimeterof the spill area. As the spill becomes diluted with disinfectant, increase the concentrationof the disinfectant. Allow 20 minutes for disinfection. Please note that the use of bleachon iodinated material may cause the release of radioiodine gas. An alternative suchas, phenolic compounds or an iodophor should be used when radioactive iodine hasbeen spilled.

9. Collect any broken glass with forceps and place in an appropriate broken glass collectioncontainer. To clean splashed material, spray with disinfectant solution and wipe clean orsaturate a paper towel with disinfectant solution and wipe clean.

10. Personal protective equipment (PPE) must be disinfected with bleach solution and disposedof as radioactive waste. Place the used PPE on absorbent paper. Spray the PPE with 10%bleach solution and allow a 20 minutes contact time.

11. Place all decontaminated waste materials in an approved container for radiation and labelappropriately. Do not autoclave the waste unless the radiation safety officer approves theprocedure.

12. Wash hands and potentially exposed areas with a disinfectant.13. Monitor laboratory occupants for contamination of radioactive materials.14. Decontaminate under the advisement of the Radiation Safety Officer.15. All contaminated persons must seek medical assistance after decontamination procedures

have been completed.16. Monitor the area for residual activity and handle it according to the Radiation Safety

Manual guidelines.

8. Biological Spills or ExposuresA minor spill of a biological agent is defined as one that has occurred and is contained within thebiological safety cabinet and which provides personnel protection. It is assumed that no one iscontaminated by the spill. Most research conducted at UAH is classified as Biological SafetyLevel 1(BL 1). If a spill contains BL 2 agents or greater, or the spill is too dangerous or large to besafely cleaned up by laboratory personnel, the OPS must be contacted immediately. Biological


research has many safety and regulatory guidelines that must be met. Any person partaking inbiological research at UAH should be familiar with the UAH Biological Safety Manual. Contactyour department chairperson or the OEHS for a copy of this manual.

Biological Spill KitLaboratories utilizing biological materials must be prepared with a biological spill kit. Typical kitsare packed in a 5-gallon plastic bucket. The bucket should be clearly labeled to indicate that it is abiological spill kit. Biological spill kits can be assembled to fit specific laboratory needs althoughbasic kits must contain the following items:

• Concentrated household bleach• A spray bottle for bleach solutions• Face protection• Utility gloves and nitrile gloves• Paper towels or other sorbent• Biohazard bags• Forceps for handling sharps• Biohazard symbol labels (for use on the bucket when the cleanup is complete)

9. Biological Spill Procedures

Blood SpillsBlood spills with low concentrations of infectious miscroorganisms must be handled in thefollowing manner:1. Wear at least the minimal required laboratory personal protective equipment.2. Absorb blood with paper towels and place in a biohazard bag.3. Collect any broken glass with forceps and place in an appropriate broken glass collection

container.4. Clean the area with a detergent.5. Spray the area with a 10% bleach solution and allow to air dry for 15 minutes.6. Wipe the area with disinfectant soaked paper towels.7. Place all contaminated items in a biohazard bag, autoclave, and dispose of according to

UAH guidelines.

Ethidium Bromide Spill Clean-up and Disposal:Ethidium bromide is a potent tumorigen. When handling ethidium bromide it is imperative that noskin contact occurs and thorough hand-washing is performed after handling. In case of a smallspill:1. Absorb freestanding liquid with a compatible absorbent material.2. Use ultraviolet light to locate the location of the spill material.3. Prepare decontamination solution by mixing 4.2 grams of sodium nitrite and 20 mL of

hypophosphorous acid (50%) in 300 mL of water.4. Wash the spill area with a paper towel soaked in the decontamination solution. Wash the

spill area five more times with paper towels that have been soaked in the decontaminationsolution (using fresh paper towels each time).

5. After cleaning the area put all the used towels in the decontamination solution for 1 hour.6. Check the completeness of decontamination using an ultraviolet light.7. When the decontamination procedure is complete, transfer all the decontamination solution

to an appropriately labeled waste container. Call the OEHS for waste pick-up.

To clean contaminated equipment: Laboratory equipment (e.g. transilluminators, laboratoryfloors and countertops, etc.) contaminated with aqueous solutions of more than 10 mg/L (0.01 %)EtBr should be decontaminated using the spill clean-up procedures listed above.


10. Spill Procedures by Biological Safety Level

Biosafety Level 1 (BL1) SpillBiosafety Level 1 is the classification that applies to agents that are not known to cause disease inhealthy adults.1. Notify other laboratory occupants.2. Remove contaminated clothing. If necessary use the safety shower or emergency eyewash.

Wash affected area with a disinfectant.3. Wear at least the required laboratory personal protective equipment.4. Cover the spill with paper towels. Pour disinfectant around the outside of the spill area and

then add disinfectant over the spill area until the spill area has been completely covered.Allow the disinfectant at least 15 minutes to work. To clean splashed material spray withdisinfectant solution and wipe clean or saturate a paper towel with disinfectant solution andwipe clean.

5. Pick up any pieces of broken glass with forceps and discard in a broken glass container.6. All clean up materials must be placed in a biohazard bag, autoclaved and appropriately

disposed.7. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and a handwashing disinfectant.

Biosafety Level 2 (BL2) SpillBiosafety Level 2 is the classification that applies to agents that are associated with human disease,which is rarely serious, and for which preventative or therapeutic intervention are often available.1. Immediately notify all other persons in the laboratory, hold your breath, and evacuate.2. Remove all personal protective equipment and turn inwards to decrease the spread of

contamination.3. Wash hands and any other potentially exposed area with soap and water for a minimum of

15 minutes.4. Post a spill sign and do not reenter the lab for at least 30 minutes.5. Notify the laboratory supervisor and contact the OPS.6. Immediately seek medical assistance if exposure has occurred.8. After allowing the aerosols to settle for 30 minutes, put on protective clothing. Only

trained individuals may utilize respirators. Contact the OEHS if cleanup requires the useof a respirator.

9. Cover the spill with paper towels. Pour disinfectant around the outside of the spill area andthen add disinfectant over the spill area until the spill area has been completely covered.Allow the disinfectant at least 20 minutes to work. To clean splashed material spray withdisinfectant solution and wipe clean or saturate a paper towel with disinfectant solution andwipe clean.

10. Pick up any pieces of broken glass with forceps and discard in a broken glass container.11. Spray the area with a 10% bleach solution and allow to air dry. Alternatively, spray the

area with the bleach solution, allow 10 minutes for disinfection, and then wipe the areadown.

12. All clean up materials and contaminated protective clothing must be placed in a biohazardbag, autoclaved and appropriately disposed.

13. Wash hands and potentially contaminated skin areas with a handwashing disinfectant orantiseptic soap and water.

Biosafety Level 3 (BL3) SpillA Biosafety Level 3 is the category assigned to all agents with the potential for aerosoltransmission and for which the disease may have serious or lethal consequences. If work with thistype of agent is being conducted it is imperative to have safety controls in place prior to the onsetof the work. The controls required (as recommended by the National Institutes for Health) aredefined in the UAH Biological Safety Manual. The following actions are designed for spills thathave occurred outside of the biological safety cabinet that may have resulted in the aerosolizationof the agent.


1. Notify others to evacuate immediately. Hold breath and leave the room.2. Remove PPE in the access room or airlock. Turn the PPE inward and make sure to take

your gloves off last.3. Wash any potentially exposed areas with an antiseptic soap and warm water.4. Place a biohazard spill sign on the entry door.5. Notify the laboratory supervisor and contact the OPS.6. Immediately seek medical assistance if exposure has occurred.7. Do not reenter the laboratory unless it has been approved by the supervisor or the OEHS.8. Utilizing the appropriate PPE, cover the spill area with paper towels soaked with

disinfectant.9. Beginning at the outer most edge of the spill area and working toward the center, pour

concentrated disinfectant on the spill area.10. Allow 15-20 minutes contact time.11. Decontaminate and splashes or areas that aerosols may have settled by wiping down with a

towel soaked with a 10% bleach solution.12. Place all soiled towels in a biohazard bag.13. Repeat the procedure. Complete by wiping all areas of contamination down with water.14. Decontaminate any reusable item by wiping down with a disinfectant soaked towel followed

by a 20-minute soak in a 10% bleach solution.15. Remove coveralls, turn all potential exposed areas inward. Place in the biohazard bag.16. Remove gloves.17. Remove respiratory protection and protective facewear. Wipe down the exterior portions of

reusable PPE with a disinfectant bleach solution twice.18. Wash your hands with antiseptic soap for at least 30 seconds.19. Autoclave all waste from the spill clean up. Use fresh gloves while transporting the

materials to the autoclave, and wash hands thoroughly after removing the gloves.

B. FiresAll students must be informed at the beginning of each semester of building evacuation routes. It is the laboratorysupervisor’s responsibility to provide this information. In the event of a fire, immediate evacuation is essential. Onthe way out of the building remember these safety precautions:• Never enter a room containing a fire.• Never enter a room that is smoke filled.• Never enter a room in which the top half of the door is hot to the touch.

Small Fires1. Pull the fire alarm and call the OPS at 6911.2. Alert people in the area to evacuate. Assist those individuals with disabilities.3. Turn off gas main.4. If you have been trained to use a fire extinguisher, do so while maintaining a clear exit path behind

you.

5. Operate the extinguisher using the P-A-S-S method:• P – Pull the pin located on the extinguishers handle.• A – Aim the nozzle at the base of the fire.• S – Squeeze or press the handles together.• S – Sweep from side to side at the base of the fire until it is out.

Large Fires1. Pull the fire alarm, when in a safe area, call the OPS at 6911.2. Alert people in the area to evacuate. Assist those individuals with disabilities.


3. Turn off gas mains, only if time permits.4. Close the doors to confine the fire.5. Move to a designated assembly area away from and upwind from the building.6. Persons having knowledge about the incident and location must provide this information to

emergency response personnel.

C. Weather Alerts1. When a severe weather siren is identified, immediately request all persons in the laboratory to turn off any

gases, hotplates, and pressure reactive experiments.2. Immediately leave the area in an orderly manner. Use the innermost stairway and take cover in the lowest

most internal compartment of the building.

D. Responding to Injuries and Inhalation ExposuresThe first line of defense for any person working or performing research in a laboratory is knowledge. Always beaware of what you and others in the surrounding area are working with and the associated hazards. Thisinformation is available on the product material safety data sheet (MSDS). MSDS must be available for review byfaculty, staff, researchers and students prior to utilizing any new chemical product or procedure involving thechemical product. The publication First Aid Manual for Chemical Accidents is available at various locations inlaboratory buildings. These locations are posted on Emergency Procedure signs in each laboratory.

Emergency responders also must have chemical information readily available. A safe laboratory will have a postedinventory at each main laboratory entrance. To insure emergency response preparedness the laboratory supervisormust submit the chemical inventory to the OEHS at JRC 150 on an annual basis.

Following an injury the person in charge of the laboratory at the time of occurrence must complete an injuryconsultation form (see appendix A). The injury consultation form serves as a guideline for appropriate informationcommunication to the injured person and as a notification to the Laboratory Safety Committee Chairperson. Theinformation will be used to better prepare the University faculty and staff in the prevention and response ofaccidents and injuries. Injury consultation forms are available from the Chemistry Laboratory Manager, theLaboratory Safety Chairperson, Department Chairpersons, and the OEHS.

1. First Aid KitsFirst aid kits are available in all undergraduate chemistry laboratories and the chemistry stockroomin Wilson Hall. It is highly advised for each department to provide and maintain first aid kits in acentralized location. Typical first aid kits will contain a variety of prepackaged items. Upon eachuse immediately replenish the first aid kit items.

2. Inhalation of a Biological MaterialWhen a biological material has been spilled take care to minimize aerosolization of the material.Take the following steps if the spill has resulted in aerosolization:1. Immediately notify all other persons in the laboratory, hold your breath, and evacuate.2. Remove all personal protective equipment by turning it inwards to decrease the spread of

contamination.3. Wash hands and any other potentially exposed area with soap and water for a minimum of

15 minutes.4. Post a spill sign and do not reenter the lab for at least 30 minutes.5. Notify the laboratory supervisor and the OPS at 6911.6. Immediately seek medical assistance.

3. Needlesticks and Puncture Wounds1. Wash well with disinfectant or antiseptic soap (preferably a type with iodine)and water for

15 minutes.2. Squeeze around affected area to encourage bleeding.3. Notify the laboratory supervisor.4. Seek medical assistance immediately.


Needlestick Wounds With the Potential for BL3 Exposure1. Wash the affected area with disinfectant, antiseptic soap and warm water for 15 minutes.2. Squeeze around the area to encourage flow of blood out of the wound.3. Notify the laboratory supervisor.4. Immediately seek medical attention.

4. Chemical Injury or Exposure ResponseWhen an injury has occurred general response guidelines are as follows:1. Protect yourself from exposure and stabilize the injured person. When possible wash your

hands prior to and after giving first aid. Use gloves whenever possible. The First AidManual for Chemical Accidents is available in the Chemistry Stockroom, WH 317.

2. Call 6911 when emergency medical attention is required or when not sure how to respond.3. Utilize the safety shower available in the laboratory when appropriate. Clothing must be

removed to prevent prolonged chemical contact with the skin. Rinse the exposed area forat least 15 minutes.

4. Use the emergency eyewash stations to rinse harmful chemicals from the eyes whenappropriate. Eyes must be rinsed for a minimum of 15 minutes.

5. Offer the injured person medical attention. Contact 6911 immediately if he or she desiresmedical attention by an emergency room physician. Contact a family member to transportthe injured person during non-emergency situations.

6. Contact Public Safety at 6594 to report all injuries and complete an accident report. Anaccident report must be completed within 24 hours of the incident.

7. Report all accidents involving injuries to the Office of Environmental Health & Safety at2171 within 24 hours of the incident. The OEHS will contact the Laboratory SafetyCommittee chairperson. The laboratory chairperson will contact the departmentalchairperson and follow-up on the status of the persons injury.

5. WoundsSmall Cuts and Scratches1. Clean the area with soap and water.2. Apply a clean dressing over the wounded area.

Significant Bleeding1. Immediately call the OPS at 6911.2. Reassure the injured person.3. Lay the injured person down.4. Do not remove any objects that may have impaled the person.5. Place direct pressure on the wound with a clean cloth or sterile bandage. Do not

apply a torniquet.6. If the pressure does not slow the bleeding, elevate the wound above the heart.7. If the bleeding is severe, elevate the persons legs approximately 12 inches.

Thermal BurnsFirst degree burns are characterized by pain, redness and swelling.1. Run cool water over the burn or soak it for a minimum of 10 to 15 minutes.2. Cover the burn with a sterile bandage or clean cloth.3. Do not apply any ointments, salves, or sprays.

Second and third degree burns are characterized by red mottled skin and blisters. White orcharred skin is indicative of a third degree burn.1. Call the OPS at 6911.2. Do not remove any burnt clothing.3. Cover the burns with dry sterile, or clean bandages.


4. Do not apply ointments, salves, or sprays.

Chemical BurnsWhen necessary, use the eyewash or safety shower as instructed in the procedures below.Insure your own safety by wearing the appropriate personal protective equipment.

Chemical Burns to the Skin1. Remove the victim’s clothes, including his/her shoes.2. Rinse the area for a minimum of 15 minutes.3. Do not apply burn ointments to injured areas.4. Call the OPS at 6911, when the burn is large.

Chemical Burns to the Eyes1. Forcibly open the eyelids to insure all of the chemical is removed.2. Wash from the nose to the ear to insure the chemical does not wash back into the

eye.3. The wash must continue for a minimum of 15 minutes.4. Cover the injured person’s eye’s with a clean or sterile gauze.5. Call the OPS at 6911.

Responding to Hydrofluoric Acid BurnsUAH requires persons having responsibility for laboratories that use or store hydrofluoricacid (HF) to maintain a commercially prepared gel of calcium gluconate in the laboratoryarea. The gel is used for immediate treatment of skin exposures to HF. HF causes seriousdamage to tissues and bones. The faster the treatment the smaller the chance of seriousinjury. In the event of a burn caused from HF, the following steps must be immediatelytaken:1. The skin must be copiously washed, beginning immediately after exposure.2. Apply a bulky dressing soaked in a commercially prepared quaternary ammonia

compound, calcium gluconate or magnesium oxide topical ointment. Alwaysfollow the manufacturers directions supplied with the HF burn ointment/solution ifthey differ from these.

3. Seek immediate medical attention.

6. Ingestion of Chemicals1. Immediately call the OPS at 6911.2. Use the First Aid Manual for Chemical Accidents or refer to the MSDS to

effectively treat the injured person.3. If the injured person, is unconscious, turn his/her head or entire body onto the left

side. Be cautious about performing CPR. This could potentially poison you fromthe mouth-to-mouth contact. If available, use a mouth-to-mouth resuscitator.

7. Inhalation of Chemicals1. Evacuate the area and move the victim to fresh air.2. Immediately call the OPS at 6911.3. When the victim is not breathing, perform CPR. Be cautious as the mouth-to-

mouth contact can result in the responder becoming poisoned. Where availableuse a mouth-to-mouth resuscitator.

4. When the victim is breathing, loosen his/her clothing and maintain the airway.5. Place one hand under the injured person’s neck and gently lift.6. Rotate the injured person’s head back to obtain maximum extension of the neck by

pressing down on his/her forehead with your free hand.7. If additional airway extension is necessary, pull the injured person’s lower jaw

into a jutting-out position.


8. Treat the person for chemical burns of the eyes and skin.

E. Reporting InjuriesAny person who responds to a laboratory injury is required to complete an injury consultation form. This formserves as a record, provides standardized procedures for the responder, and provides the Laboratory SafetyCommittee information that will assist in the detection and prevention of injuries in UAH laboratories. A copy ofthe injury consultation form must be submitted to the OEHS, one retained for the departmental files, and onesubmitted to the Department Chairperson. Upon receipt of the form the OEHS will make copies and send them tothe Chairperson of the Laboratory Safety Committee and members of the Environmental Health and SafetyCommittee. Please note that the injury consultation form does not take the place of the accident report required tobe submitted at the Office of Public Safety (due within 48 hours of the incident). The accident report is filed withthe University Legal Counsel and remitted to the OEHS for review and accident investigation.

III. University Environmental Health & Safety Committees

A. University Environmental Health and Safety CommitteeThe President of the University appoints the Environmental Health and Safety Committee membership.This committee meets biannually and ensures campus-wide compliance with the applicable federal andstate environmental health and safety requirements. This committee addresses environmental health andsafety issues and concerns affecting UAH faculty, staff, and students. The Committee providesrecommendations to address deficiencies and reports the results to the President. The Committeeimplements and/or monitors recommendations as directed by the President, and is responsible for any othertasks relating to environmental health and safety as may be assigned to it by the President.

B. Laboratory Safety CommitteeThe role of the Laboratory Safety Committee is to assess and review potential hazards related to thehandling, use, and management of hazardous chemicals, materials, and operations on UAH properties. Thecommittee will accomplish this through quarterly meetings in which safety audit results are discussed. Thecommittee will ensure that the safety deficiencies are amended in a timely manner. Laboratory injuryreports will be reviewed at the quarterly meetings and recommendations for the prevention of similaraccidents are approved. Committee recommendations are submitted to the OEHS and to the UniversityEnvironmental Health and Safety Committee.

The Provost appoints the members of the Laboratory Safety Committee. The members are faculty and stafffrom areas of teaching and research that most often utilize hazardous materials, chemicals, and or conducthazardous operations. Membership is reassigned every third year. A current membership list can beattained from the OEHS web site at www.uah.edu/administration/oehs.

C. Radiation Safety CommitteeThe Radiation Safety Committee is responsible for to insuring University compliance with all state andfederal regulations pertaining to the use of ionizing radiation sources. The Radiation Safety Committeemeets twice per year and as required.

IV. Identification of Chemical Hazards

A. Project RegistrationA project registration form must be completed prior to conducting new research in which hazards can beexpected. The form is supplied in Appendix E. The project registration form is distributed throughResearch Administration upon award of research funding. It must be submitted to the OEHS prior to the


release of funding. This form provides information to the University that allows preparation foremergencies, appropriate facilities, and hazard awareness for faculty, staff, students, and the MadisonCounty Emergency Management Agency.

B. Right-To-Know & Material Safety Data SheetsOSHA mandates that users of hazardous chemicals be informed of the hazards of the material they areworking with prior to use of the material. This is commonly called Right- To-Know. To accomplish this,material safety data sheets (MSDS) must be provided to the user. It is the responsibility of the personrequesting the purchase of the chemical to insure that the MSDS have been placed in an area in which theusers have access. MSDS stations have been established in Wilson Hall, the Materials Science Building,and the Optics Building. Where MSDS stations are not available the MSDS must be placed in a labeledlocation in the laboratory. Copies of MSDS must be retained on file at the OEHS for a minimum of 25years.

Chemical manufacturers supply MSDS to purchasing parties. Unless it is written on the purchase order, theMSDS is sent to the accounts payable office. The accounts payable office forwards the MSDS to theOEHS. The OEHS will make every effort to relinquish the MSDS to the appropriate user. If you have notreceived an MSDS prior to initial use of a chemical, the following sources can be used to locate one:• OEHS at 6875 or www.uah.edu/admin/oehs• Chemical manufacturer• Vermont SIRI web site at http://hazard.com/MSDS/• www.sigma-aldrich.com

MSDS provide a variety of information to the chemical user. The American National Standards Institute(ANSI) recommends that MSDS have 16 sections. A description of each of these sections is outlinedbelow.

Section 1 – Chemical Product and Company Identification

Identifies the product and it’s synonyms. Gives the chemical and MSDS suppliers name. Often will givethe chemical abstracts service identifying number. The manufacturer's name is required to be listed on theMSDS by OSHA.

Section 2 – Composition or Ingredients

Lists hazardous components as specified by the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) in theirrelative concentrations. Often significant non-hazardous components are listed. May also include otherinformation related to the chemicals such as personal exposure limits and time weighted averages.

Section 3 - Hazards Identification and Emergency Procedures Overview

Provides an overview of emergency procedures. Lists information on the potential adverse human healtheffects and symptoms that may result from exposure to the material.

Section 4 - First Aid Measures

Provides instructions to be taken if accidental exposure requires immediate treatment. May also includeinstructions to medical professionals. Always provide an MSDS to the emergency medical care provider.

Section 5 - Fire fighting measures

Provides basic fire fighting guidance, including appropriate extinguishing media. Describes other fire andexplosive properties useful for avoiding and fighting fires involving the material, such as flash point orexplosive limits.

Section 6 - Accidental release measures

Describes actions to be taken to minimize the adverse effects of an accidental spill, leak or release of thematerial.


Section 7 - Handling and storage

Provides information on appropriate practices for safe handling and storage.

Section 8 - Exposure controls/personal protection

Provides information on practices, or equipment, or both, that are useful in minimizing worker exposure.May also include exposure guidelines. Provides guidance on personal protective equipment.[Comment: Good example: "When spraying this paint outside in open areas wear a dust mask. Indoors inwell ventilated areas wear a respirator with organic vapor cartridge. In poorly ventilated areas you mustwear a supplied air respirator."

Section 9 - Physical and chemical properties

Provides additional data that can be used to help characterize the material and design safe work practices.

Section 10 - Stability and reactivity

Describes the conditions to be avoided or other materials that may cause a reaction that would change theintrinsic stability of the material.

Section 11 - Toxicological information

May be used to provide background toxicological information on the material, its compounds, or both.

Section 12 - Ecological information

May be used to provide information on the effects the material may have on plants or animals and on thematerial's environmental fate.

Section 13 - Disposal considerations

May provide information that is useful in determining appropriate disposal measures.

Section 14 - Shipping information

May provide basic shipping classification information.

Section 15 - Regulatory information

May be used to proved any additional information on regulations affecting the material.

Section 16 - Other information

May be used to provide any additional information.

C. Product LabelsThe product label is likely to have information that provides useful information concerning thehazardous properties of the product. Manufacturers may place the primary hazard code on thecontainer in the form of a pictograph, e.g. a skull and crossbones denoting poisons, a flame forflammable, etc. While other manufacturers will include a fire diamond or bar graph on hazardousmaterials containers. The fire diamond and bar type hazard indicators on hazardous materiallabels provide the same information in different formats. They each have four squares, in the caseof the fire diamond it is a square on point. Each square is indicative of either flammability, healtheffects, reactivity, and special hazard conditions.


Fire Diamond Bar Type Hazard Indicator

Each square will have a number from zero to four. The following information explains these numbers.

The health indicator is on the far left and is normally blue in color. It indicates the short-term degree ofhazard.0 = represents ordinary combustible hazards in a fire1 = slightly hazardous2 = hazardous3 = extreme danger4 = deadly

The flammability rating is on the top, is red, and indicates the propensity of the material to burn.0 = will not burn1 = will ignite if preheated2 = will ignite if moderately heated3 = will ignite at normal room temperature; will burn quickly4 = will burn easily and rapidly at room temperature/pressure; or will ignite spontaneously when exposed toair

The far right position indicates the reactive nature (instability) of the material and the energy released if thematerial is burned, decomposed or mixed. It is denoted with a yellow color.0 = stable and not reactive with water1 = unstable if heated; changes or decomposes on exposure to air, light or moisture2 = violent chemical change; reacts violently with water or forms potentially explosive mixtures with water3 = shock and heat may detonate; reacts explosively with water without heating or confinement4 = may detonate

The bottom position is white and contains special hazard symbols.OX = oxidizer = may not burn itself but, may ignite and intensify burning of combustible materials.A W with a line drawn horizontally through the center = Use no water. The material reacts with water;may become explosive, may produce a flammable or poisonous material, may produce excessive heat.

V. Chemical Inventories and Labeling

A. InventoriesA dated inventory of incoming chemicals and their quantities must be kept in each laboratory. Uponcomplete use of the material or transfer to another lab, the material must be removed from the list. Manyresearchers prefer to keep a copy of the inventory on the laboratory door. This is an excellent method ofalerting emergency responders of the chemicals stored and in use in the laboratory. The OEHS will requesta copy of the chemical inventory annually. The OEHS copy is used in creating a master list of hazardouschemicals required for maintaining compliance with the Emergency Planning and Community Right toKnow Act (EPCRA).

B. LabelingAll chemical containers (including laboratory solutions and mixtures) used in the laboratory must havelabels indicating what they are. Labels must indicate the components, their quantities, and a date.Containers without appropriate labeling will be treated as an unknown chemical. Unknown chemicals andwastes present safety, environmental, regulatory, and monetary concerns. Therefore, it is of utmostimportance that all chemical containers are appropriately labeled. Chemical waste labeling is discussedlater in this manual.


VI. Personal Safety

A. TrainingThe Office of Environmental Health and Safety has the responsibility for training faculty and staff.Training courses are offered at the beginning of fall and spring semesters. The training provides anoverview of federal, local, and state guidelines and University policy related to laboratory safety andenvironmental hygiene. Persons with primary responsibility for laboratories are responsible for trainingstudents in the safe handling of hazardous materials and laboratory technique.

B. MSDS AvailabilityMaterial safety data sheets (MSDS) must be readily available for each laboratory. A centralized locationfor MSDS is permissible. MSDS must be available at all times and near the hazard source. Prior to the useof a new chemical the MSDS must be provided for review to the chemical user and those persons in the lab.

C. Safe Use of Laboratory EquipmentLaboratory equipment must be used according to manufacturer guidelines. All best practices andprocedures to minimize exposure must be followed. Appropriate training is the responsibility of thedepartment in charge of the lab. Facilities and Operations, Maintenance Department is responsible for themaintenance of equipment installed by the University as part of the facility, e.g., fume hoods, safetyshowers, eyewashes, sinks, etc.

D. Equipment InspectionAll equipment must be inspected prior to use to insure, electrical cords are not damaged, safety interlockshave not been compromised and no chemicals have been spilled in the chambers of the equipment.

E. Laboratory DoorsIt is a good practice to keep laboratory doors closed and unlocked while occupied. Laboratory doors mustremain closed to insure that any hazardous materials spills will be isolated to that laboratory/area. The lastperson out should follow a laboratory shutdown checklist and lock the door on his/her way out. The safetychecklist should include items such as; turn off gas and heat sources, turn off water supply and equipment,ensure signage is posted on unattended experiments, return all chemicals to appropriate storage, ensure allchemicals and solutions or mixtures are labeled, turn off lights and lock the door(s).

Frequently, laboratory door windows are covered with paper or aluminum foil. This practice is stronglydiscouraged. Emergencies can be detected much faster when the windows are not covered.

F. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)PPE is required in all laboratories with chemical hazards. The minimal PPE is chemical resistant gloves orgloves appropriate to the hazard, lab jacket or apron, goggles, and closed- toed shoes. The use ofrespiratory protection must be cleared through the OEHS. Appendix A includes a list of mandatorylaboratory safety rules. These rules must be distributed to all students, signed and retained on file. Alwayscheck the MSDS to verify that the correct PPE is being used.

G. Eating in the Lab and Food StorageEating, drinking, gum chewing, the use of tobacco, and the application of cosmetics is not allowed inlaboratories. These actions may cause contamination of individuals partaking in them. Food storage is notallowed in laboratories. Other actions that may result in contamination that should be noticed and avoidedare; pencil chewing, touching the face, adjusting eyeglasses, scratching, etc. Lab jackets must not be worninto eating and food preparation areas.

H. HairLong hair must be tied back to prevent possible contamination and injury.

I. PipettingPipetting by mouth is not allowed. Use mechanical pipetting devices only.


J. LaundryLab jackets and potentially contaminated clothing must be washed separate from other laundry items.

K. Hand WashingHands and forearms must be washed prior to leaving the laboratory.

L. Experiment IdentificationIdentification must be posted on unattended experiments. The identification must provide a point ofcontact, what the hazard is and in what quantity, and when the experiment will be discontinued, and anyinstrument settings that must be maintained.

M. Lockout TagoutInsure instrumentation that requires repair is not usable by disconnecting critical operating points andswitches and labeling as broken.

VII. HousekeepingWorking laboratories often become cluttered with empty and partially full containers, glassware, and otherapparatus. Floors and countertops can also become contaminated due to unattended spills. It is important for thesafety of those persons utilizing and maintaining UAH facilities that the laboratory is not contaminated or present afire hazard. Maintaining a good state of order in laboratory facilities will significantly decrease risk.

A. Elements of Good Housekeeping

1. Chemical StorageThe failure to store chemicals according to their properties poses a risk to personnel, to property, andpossibly to intellectual value of accumulated research data files. For these reasons, hazardous chemicalsmust be stored according to compatibility and in chemical safety cabinets or in the ventilated base cabinetof the fume hood. Fisher and Mallinckrodt chemicals are color coded for ease of segregation. Non-hazardous chemicals may be kept on lab benches.

The following general suggestions for safe storage of chemicals in the laboratory should be implemented.• The quantities of chemicals that are stored within a laboratory should be minimized, as specified by

NFPA 45 and OSHA. Many authorities recommend that the NFPA guidelines for maximum quantitiesand sizes of containers should be reduced to one-half or even one-third of the recommended values.(NFPA guidelines are provided in the fire prevention section.)

• Bulk quantities of chemicals (i.e., larger than one-gallon) must be stored in a separate storage area.Transfer of flammable liquid from 5 gallon or larger metal containers may not be done in thelaboratory.

• Chemicals must be stored at an appropriate temperature and humidity level. This can be especiallyproblematic in hot, humid climates. As a rule, chemicals should not be stored near heat sources, suchas steam pipes or laboratory ovens. Chemicals should never be stored in direct sunlight.

• Chemicals should be dated when received and when opened. If the chemical is one that degrades inquality or becomes unsafe after prolonged storage, the shelf-life expiration date should also beincluded.

• Storing peroxide-formers:Peroxides are very unstable and some chemicals that form peroxides are commonly used inlaboratories. This makes peroxide-forming materials some of the most hazardous substances found in alab. Peroxide-forming materials are chemicals that react with air, moisture, or impurities to formperoxides. The tendency to form peroxides by most of these materials is greatly increased byevaporation or distillation. Organic peroxides are extremely sensitive to shock, sparks, heat, friction,impact, and light. Many peroxides formed from materials used in laboratories are more shock sensitive


than TNT. Just the friction from unscrewing the cap of a container of an ether that has peroxides in itcan provide enough energy to cause a severe explosion.1. Do not open the chemical container if peroxide formation is suspected. The act of opening the

container could be sufficient to cause a severe explosion. Visually inspect liquid peroxide-forming materials for crystals or unusual viscosity before opening. Pay special attention to thearea around the cap. Peroxides usually form upon evaporation, so they will most likely beformed on the threads under the cap. If it is deemed safe to open the container, peroxide papersmay be used for a quick determination of peroxide concentration. Peroxide papers arecommercially available from laboratory supply companies.

2. Date all peroxide forming materials with the date received, and the expected shelf life.Chemicals such as diisopropyl ether, divinyl acetylene, sodium amide, and vinylidene chlorideshould be discarded after three months. Chemicals such as dioxane, diethyl ether, andtetrahydrofuran should be disposed after one year.

3. Store all peroxide-forming materials away from heat, sunlight, and sources of ignition.Sunlight accelerates the formation of peroxides.

4. Secure the lids and caps on these containers to discourage the evaporation and concentration ofthese chemicals.

5. Never store peroxide-forming materials in glass containers with screw cap lids or glassstoppers. Friction and grinding must be avoided. Also, never store these chemicals in a clearglass bottle where they would be exposed to light.

6. Contamination of an ether by peroxides or hydroperoxides can be detected simply by mixingthe ether with 10% (wt/wt) aqueous potassium iodide solution - a yellow color change due tothe oxidation of iodide to iodine confirms the presence of peroxides. Small amounts ofperoxides can be removed from contaminated ethers via distillation from lithium aluminumhydride (LiAlH-4-), which both reduces the peroxide and removes contaminating water andalcohols. However, if you suspect that peroxides may be present, it would be wise to call theOEHS for disposal. If you notice crystal formation in the container or around the cap, do notattempt to open or move the container. Call the OEHS for proper disposal.

7. Never distill an ether unless it is known to be free of peroxides.

• Visual inspection of the material and its container should be conducted routinely. Indications fordisposal include:

Cloudiness in liquidsMaterial changing colorEvidence of liquids in solids or solids in liquids“Puddling” of material around outside of containerPressure build-up within bottleObvious deterioration of container

• Chemicals should not be routinely stored on the bench top. In such locations they are unprotectedfrom exposure and in a fire situation are more readily knocked over. Each chemical should have aspecific storage area and be returned there after use. Large quantities of flammable materialsshould not be stored in the laboratory. Only the amounts needed should be kept on bench top, theremainder should be kept in flammable storage cabinets.

• Laboratory shelves should have a raised lip along the outer edge to prevent containers from falling.Never allow the container to hang off the edge of the shelf. Liquid or corrosive chemicals shouldnever be stored on shelves above eye-level. Glass containers should not touch each other on theshelves. Secondary containers or trays should be used for chemical storage whenever possible tominimize the flow of material should a spill or rupture occur. Round bottom flasks should alwaysbe supported properly in cork rings or by other means to keep them from tipping.

• Adequate security must be provided so that unauthorized personnel do not have access tohazardous materials.

• Chemicals must never be stored on the floor, not even temporarily.• Chemicals that are no longer to be used for research purposes should be properly disposed of or

given to another research group that has a use for it.


• Flammable materials must never be stored in domestic-type refrigerators. Only explosion-proof orflammable material refrigerators should be used for storage of these chemicals within a laboratoryenvironment.

• All containers stored within the refrigerator should be tightly capped to keep vapors frominteracting with each other and to alleviate "smell" problems. Flasks with cork, rubber or glassstoppers should be avoided because of the potential for leaking. All containers stored in therefrigerator must be properly labeled.

• Inventory the materials in your refrigerator frequently to avoid overcrowding with materials thathave long since been forgotten. Also make it a point to defrost your refrigerator occasionally sothat chemicals do not become trapped in unique ice formations!

• Before flammable materials are stored in a refrigerator, it should be determined if keeping thematerial chilled will serve any purpose. No benefit is derived from refrigerating a chemical thathas a flash point below the temperature of the refrigerator. Never store peroxide formers (i.e.,ether) in a refrigerator!

• Fume hoods should not be used as general storage area for chemicals. This may seriously impairthe ventilating capacity of the hood.

• Gas cylinders must be securely strapped to a permanent structure (wall, lab bench, etc.). Whenthey are not in use they should be capped off. When they are empty they must be labeled as such.

• Upon termination, graduation or transfer of any laboratory personnel, all hazardous materials mustbe properly disposed of through the OEHS, or arrangements made to transfer them to thelaboratory supervisor

• Segregation based on hazard classes in addition to general safe storage practices is a must. As aminimum, laboratories should separate chemicals according to similar hazards, such asflammability, corrosivity, sensitivity to water or air, and toxicity. Segregation of the followingmajor categories of chemicals, each of which will be discussed in greater detail, is stronglyrecommended:

• Flammables• Oxidizers• Corrosives• Highly Reactives• Extremely Toxic (Acutely Hazardous)• Other Regulated Materials• Low Hazard

Below, you will find a few potential problems that arise with the general segregation of chemicals.1. The actual identification of the hazards themselves. Recent legislation has made this task

somewhat easier since all chemical manufacturers are now required to list all hazards on outgoingchemical containers and each chemical must be accompanied by a Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS). The chemical label thus furnishes a quick method of determining whether the material isa fire hazard, health hazard, or reactivity hazard. The MSDS furnishes more detailed informationregarding toxicity exposure levels, flashpoints, required safety equipment and recommendedprocedures for spill containment.

2. Multiple hazards for chemicals. Most chemicals have multiple hazards and a decision must bemade as to which storage area would be most appropriate for each specific chemical. Determinethe priority of each hazard and which provides the highest risk.

a. When establishing a storage scheme, the number one consideration should be the flammabilitycharacteristics of the material. If the material is flammable, it should be stored in a flammablecabinet.

b. If the material will contribute significantly to a fire (i.e., oxidizers), it should be isolated from theflammables. If a fire occurs in the lab and response to the fire with water would exaggerate thesituation, isolate the water reactive material away from contact with water.c. Next look at the corrosivity of the material, and store accordingly.d. Finally, consider the toxicity of the material, with particular attention paid to regulated materials.In some cases, this may mean that certain chemicals will be isolated within a storage area, forinstance, a material that is an extreme poison but is also flammable, should be locked away in theflammable storage area to protect it against accidental release. There will always be some


chemicals that will not fit neatly in one category or another, but with careful consideration of thehazards involved, most of these cases can be handled in a reasonable fashion. For the safety of allpersonnel and to protect the integrity of the facilities, hazardous materials must be segregated.


EPA Compatibility TableTo use the table, choose the group that the chemical belongs. Group A and B on the same row are not compatible with eachother. The third column provides information on the hazard of mixing Groups A and B of the same row.Group 1-A Group 1-B Potential Consequences

Acetylene sludgeAlkaline caustic liquidsAlkaline cleanerAlkaline corrosive liquidsAlkaline corrosive battery fluidCaustic wastewaterLime sludge & other corrosive

alkalisLime wastewaterLime and waterCaustic

Acid sludgeAcid and waterBattery acidChemical cleanersElectrolyte, acidEtching acid liquid or solventPickling liquor and other corrosive

acidsAcid, including mixtures of acids

and sulfuric acid

Heat generation; violent reaction

Group 2-A Group 2-B Potential Consequences

AluminumBerylliumCalciumLithiumMagnesiumPotassiumSodiumZinc powderOther reactive metals and metal

hydrides

Any Group 1-A or 1-B Fire explosion; generation offlammable hydrogen gas

Group 3-A Group 3-B Potential ConsequencesAlcoholsWater

Any concentrated item from Groups1-A or 1-BCalciumLithiumMetal hydridesPotassiumSO2Cl2, SOCl2, PCl3, CH3SiCl3

Other water-reactives

Fire, explosion, or heat generation;generation of flammable or toxicgases

Group 4-A Group 4-B Potential ConsequencesAlcoholsAldehydesHalogenated hydrocarbonsNitrated hydrocarbonsUnsaturated hydrocarbonsOther reactive organic compounds

and solvents

Concentrated Group 1-A or 1-BGroup 2-A

Fire, explosion, or violent reaction

Group 5-A Group 5-B Potential ConsequencesCyanide and sulfide solutions Group 1-B Generation of toxic hydrogen

cyanide or sulfide gasGroup 6-A Group 6-B Potential ConsequencesChloratesChlorineChloritesChromic acidHypochloritesNitratesNitric acid, fumingPerchloratesPermanganatesPeroxidesOther strong oxidizers

Acetic acid and other organic acidsConcentrated mineral acidsGroup 2-AGroup 4-AOther flammable and combustible

waste

Fire, explosion, or violent reaction


2. Glassware CleansingIt is highly recommended that detergents be used to clean glassware rather than chromate and sulfuric acid.Hexavalent chromium is a carcinogen and chromic acid mixtures are expensive to dispose of as hazardouswaste.

3. Work Surfaces and FloorsDry sweeping laboratories must be avoided. Floors can be cleaned with a vacuum equipped with a highefficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter or by wet mopping. Protect work surfaces with disposable benchpaper. Change the bench paper regularly and dispose of immediately after a spill. It is a good practice todecontaminate glassware prior to washing. Fume hood surfaces may be wiped down with dilute detergentand water solution, after all spills have been appropriately cleaned.

4. Laboratory Close OutOccasionally laboratories cease operations. This may be due to a change of directors, supervisors, orresearchers, or due to a change in research opportunities. When this happens, it is mandatory to contact theOEHS for laboratory clearance one month prior to out-processing. One month seems long but it isnecessary in case there are unknown chemicals that require identification, hazardous waste that must beremoved, contaminated equipment to be decontaminated, or chemical materials and laboratory equipmentthat must be surplused. Failure to appropriately clear a laboratory may result in the collection of fees forservices provided by the OEHS or withholding of the employees final paycheck.

During laboratory close out it is important to be thorough and investigate all areas and equipmentincluding; autoclaves, refrigerators, incubators, centrifuges, ovens, cabinets, freezers, cold rooms, stockrooms, fume hoods, etc. Mishandling of regulated materials may result in the assessment of fines and orthe loss of the right to use these materials. It is therefore of utmost importance that close out procedures beimplemented and strictly adhered to within each department.

The following are guidelines for use when faculty and staff members responsible for laboratory facilitiesare leaving the University or transferring to a new laboratory. Additionally, a laboratory clearancechecklist is provided in Appendix D.

B. Closeout Procedures for Hazardous Material LabsChemicals

• All containers of chemicals must be securely closed and appropriately labeled. All laboratoryglassware containing residues or chemicals must be emptied and disposed of appropriately. Pleaseremember that UAH has a “No Drain” policy for chemical wastes. Insure all areas of the lab have beeninspected for chemical wastes. Wastes must be segregated, prepared and labeled according to the LabSafety Manual and the Hazardous Waste Management Plan. A chemical disposal manifest must becompleted and submitted to the OEHS. The manifest and instructions are provided in Appendix D.Upon receipt of the manifest the OEHS will schedule a pick-up.

• Chemicals that will be transferred to other laboratories must be segregated. The chemicals must bepacked according to compatibility and safe-handling techniques must be utilized. Contact the OEHSstaff for more information. The laboratory supervisor receiving the chemicals must provide an updatedchemical inventory to the OEHS.

• Fume hoods and countertops must be washed.

Gas Cylinders• Cylinders must be disconnected, their valve caps replaced and must be returned to suppliers.• Non-returnable cylinders must be manifested for submission to the OEHS as hazardous waste. When

empty, it is imperative to label all non-returnable cylinders as empty.


Animal and Human Tissue• Animal tissue must be separated from liquid. The liquid must be manifested and submitted to the

OEHS.• All waste must be placed in appropriate biohazard bags and containers.

Microorganisms and Cultures• Inventory the area and decontaminate non-regulated microorganisms.• If samples must be saved notify your department head and insure that another faculty or staff member

takes responsibility for the samples.• Decontaminate any samples as required.• Contact the OEHS for disposal of any biohazardous waste.

Radioactive Materials• The close-out of laboratories containing radioactive materials must be completed in collaboration with

the radiation safety officer. Transfer of radioactive materials must be approved by the RadiationControl Officer.

• Requests for removal of radioactive materials and wastes must be directed to the Radiation ControlTechnician at 2352.

• The area must have a complete survey upon removal of radioactive materials. All equipment includingitems for surplus must be surveyed, when necessary additional decontamination procedures must becompleted until the survey proves the instrumentation/equipment has no activity more than two timesbackground activity. Survey records must be submitted to and maintained by the Radiation ControlTechnician.

Equipment• All lab equipment must be cleaned and decontaminated when necessary. Contact Facilities and

Operations when ventilation systems have been utilized with highly hazardous substances ororganisms.

• Mercury and mercury containing devices or equipment must be transferred or turned into the OEHS.• Lasers must be locked out and transferred to either surplus, a new user, or securely stored. The transfer

of lasers to new users requires a project registration and the submission of a laser safety plan.

VIII. Standard Laboratory Containment EquipmentAreas utilized at UAH for chemical laboratories must minimally be equipped with a drench hose, safety showerand/or eyewash and if chemicals having a primary or secondary hazard of flammability, combustibility or toxic afume hood must be available. It is strongly recommended to perform all chemical manipulations in a fume hood.Additionally, all laboratories are equipped with a fire extinguisher and most are equipped with telephones.Fire/Emergency pull stations are located in each building and conform to applicable codes.

A. Fume HoodsA fume hood is one of the most important pieces of laboratory safety equipment the University can affordfaculty, researchers, staff, and students. A fume hood prevents the inhalation of potentially harmfulsubstances, deters uncontrolled splashes and spills from entering the lab environment, and removesflammable vapors from the indoor atmosphere.

1. When to Use a Chemical Fume HoodA chemical fume hood is a necessary part of your laboratory procedure when:• Working with hazardous or suspect hazardous chemicals• Working with chemicals having unknown properties• Pouring, mixing, weighing and dispensing chemicals

2. Common Fume Hood Terms & DefinitionsAirfoil – Shaped or streamlined member at hood entrance designed to enhance air movement intothe hood. The airfoils are designed to keep a minimal disturbance in the airflow pattern entering


into the fume hood. This disturbance is called turbulence. Turbulence in the fume hood cannegatively affect the containment of chemical fumes.Air Volume – Rate of airflow, normally expressed in cubic feet per minute (cfm).Auxiliary Air – Supply or make-up air delivered external to the chamber of a fume hood to reduceair consumption.Baffle – Panels located across the back of hood interior that control pattern of air moving throughthe hood.Blower – Air-moving device (or fan) consisting of a motor, impeller and scroll.Combination Sash – Moveable horizontal front panels in a vertically rising frame.Damper – Device installed in duct to control airflow volume.Duct – Round, square or rectangular tube used to enclose moving air.Exhaust Volume – Quantity of air exhausted by the fume hood. The exhaust volume is dependentupon the blower size and is expressed in cubic feet per minute (cfm).Face Velocity – Speed of air moving into the fume hood through the face opening (sash), measuredin feet per minute (fpm).Fume Hood – Five-sided ventilated enclosure used in laboratories to collect, confine and exhaustcontaminants.Lintel – Portion of fume hood front located above access opening.Louvers – Slit-like openings in the lintel that allow bypass air to enter the hood when the sash isclosed.Manometer – Device used to measure air pressure differential.Sash – Sliding glass panel set in the fume hood face that protects the user’s eyes, nose, mouth andbreathing area from contact with dangerous chemicals and fumes inside the hood.Variable Air Volume – Type of fume hood exhaust system that typically maintains constant fumehood face velocity by adjusting blower motor speed or a balance damper in response to changes insash position.Velometer – Instrument used to measure airflow velocity.

3. How Fume Hoods WorkFume hoods are minimally equipped with a blower, cabinet, and exhaust ductwork. The cabinet isdesigned to contain hazardous chemicals. The blower is designed to pull air away from the front ofthe cabinet and keep the hazardous chemicals from reaching the indoor environment and user. Theexhaust ductwork is independent from other indoor air ductwork and is used to transport anyhazardous chemical fumes, gases, vapors, or aerosols to the outside environment.

Baffles are located across the inside rear of the hood. They assist in controlling the airflow patternthrough the hood. Baffles can be adjusted to minimize hazards caused by the differentcharacteristics of chemicals being utilized in the hood system. For normal use, the top, bottom,center and side slots are all adjusted to the open position to provide an even airflow. Gases orfumes that are heavier-than-air require the baffles to be adjusted for the maximum airflow at thebottom of the hood. Close the top slot. Arrange the center, bottom, and side slots in the openposition. Gases or fumes that are lighter-than-air require a maximum airflow at the top of the hood.Open the top baffles to their maximum position. Maintain the side and center baffles in theirnormal position and completely close the bottom slot.

A fume hood must have a face velocity sufficient to pull the air away from the user. The AmericanNational Standards Institute (ANSI) recommends that laboratory fume hood face velocity bebetween 80 to 120 feet per minute (fpm) for optimal safety. 100 fpm is approximately the same asthree miles per hour, which feels like the air going past somebody who is walking briskly. Intraditional systems, the user does not have control over the face velocity or exhaust rate of thehood. Exhaust rates in newer fume hoods are often controlled by a variable air volume system.

Variable air volume technology allows for the maintenance of a constant face velocity whilevarying exhaust volume in response to changes in the sash position. The exhaust volume is varied


in response to a series of sensors that receive and send signals to the exhaust valve. Annualcalibration of the VAV system is necessary to ensure the appropriate flow is being afforded theuser. The point of optimal flow is established through calibration of the equipment. When the sashis opened above or below the optimal flow point the face velocity will decrease.

The exhaust capacity of each fume hood in Materials Science Building is controlled by a variableair volume (VAV) exhaust system. The hoods in MSB are calibrated to have the maximum exhaustwhen the sash is opened approximately 14 inches from the airfoil. This is the optimal operatingheight. Identification of this point is provided with labels.

• Survivair Fume Hood OperationThe following are descriptions of fume hood monitor controls. The controls are necessary to alertthe user to situations that do not provide the optimal protection.

The Power light is green and indicates that power is being applied to the system.

The Flow Alarm light is red and indicates that a low-flow situation has been detected. The flowalarm light and the caution LED warning are identical in function.

The Energy Use Meter indicates the relative energy use of the fume hood. While it does notindicate the airflow it is directly related to the exhaust airflow velocity. (Typically, the airflowincreases with the increase in energy use.)

The System Normal LED is a green LED that indicates all systems are functioning. When thislight is not on and no other LED’s are on, then the power to the fume hood system has been lost.There is no exhaust flow. Do not use the fume hood and report the failure to Facilities andOperations (6482) immediately.

The Caution LED or Flow Alarm is a red LED that comes on when the flow is below what isconsidered a safe level. A slipping or broken belt, a motor fault or overload, a drive failure, asevere brownout, or a severely blocked duct can cause an alarm. The flow alarm is disabled for 45seconds when the sash is moved or the system is powered up.

The Emergency Exhaust Switch is a button that enables the user to reset or set the emergencyexhaust mode. When in this mode the blower is at its maximum speed. Depressing the buttononce will set the mode and turn on the red SET LED. Depressing the button a second time willunlatch the SET and turns off the emergency exhaust mode. Once the emergency exhaust has beenactivated, the button must be depressed twice to reset the system to its normal operating mode. Theemergency exhaust mode can be activated by both the user and internally by the Phoenix Controlssystem. The emergency exhaust mode can be activated internally by the remote energy exhaustswitch, thermostat, gas sensor or other monitor. A red LED indicates when the emergency exhaustin being utilized.

The Night Waste LED is activated when the lights are turned off and the sash is left 6 inchesabove the constant flow position. This serves as an energy saving and safety device.

The Mute Switch is a button that will silence the audible alarm when depressed. After allconditions causing the audible alarm have been corrected the mute mode is disabled.

4. Fume Hood Safety PracticesA chemical fume hood cannot provide complete safety against all hazards. A functioning fumehood and appropriate laboratory ventilation will provide adequate protection during standardlaboratory manipulations. The fume hood should be used in conjunction with other safetyequipment when toxic chemicals having exposure limits in the low parts per billion ranges are


being utilized. More stringent safety requirements are left to the discretion of laboratorysupervisors. The following list is mandatory laboratory safety practices.

1. Keep all apparatus at least 6 inches from the face of the hood.2. Do not put your head in the hood when contaminants are being generated.3. Do not use the hood to evacuate containers of volatile waste chemicals.4. Minimize the quantity of chemicals and apparatus being used in the hood. Excessive

storage of items in the fume hood will impair its performance.5. All operations that may generate air contaminants above their exposure limits must be

conducted inside a fume hood.6. Do not use a fume hood if it is not working appropriately. Test the airflow periodically. If

a flow meter is not available, a kimwipe placed at the base of the hood will be gently liftedwhen appropriate airflow is provided. The kimwipe should not be pulled into the exhaust.This indicates the airflow is too high.

7. Maintain the slots in the hood baffle free from obstructions.8. Minimize traffic in front of the hood while in use.9. Keep laboratory doors and windows closed unless specifically designed for opened doors.10. Do not remove the hood sash, panels or sensors. Keep all wiring between hood electronics

and sensors in tact.11. The laboratory supervisor must approve the use of hazardous solids (powders). (Many

potential problems arise when the solid is fine enough to become airborne.)12. Do not place receptacles or other sources of sparks inside the hood when flammable liquids

or gases are present.13. Use an appropriate barricade if an explosion or other violent reaction is possible.14. Do not remove hood labels that indicate the maximum safe operating level of the sash.15. Use only specially designed fume hoods for operations that heat perchloric acid above

ambient temperature.16. Ensure all fume hoods have a spill protection lip.

B. Biological Safety CabinetsBiological safety cabinets should be used during handling of biological organisms. Consult the BiologicalSafety Manual for more information in the requirements to use the different classes of biological safetycabinets.

C. Laminar Flow HoodsThe differentiating feature of laminar-flow vs. fume hood is that there is no contaminated positive airplenum. Work with organic solvents, concentrated carcinogens, and with toxic or corrosive contaminantsshould be performed in a fume hood.

D. Snorkel HoodsSnorkel hoods must be used with equipment generating fumes during operation. Most snorkels areequipped with a turnkey that opens and closes a valve allowing or disallowing air flow. Check equipmentmanufacturer guidelines when determining the correct airflow for laboratory instrumentation.

E. Hood/Cabinet Maintenance and RepairsIt is highly recommended that all hood/cabinet flows be checked monthly by the person utilizing thelaboratory. An anemometer or magnehelic gauge will verify the hood has negative pressure. Typicallychemical fume hoods should operate at a flow of 80 – 120 feet per minute for optimum user safety. Arecord of this safety check should be kept. Inner surfaces of fume hoods may be cleansed using a dilutesolution of soapy water, provided all spills have been cleaned appropriately. Minimally, gloves, goggles,and a lab coat must be worn during cleaning procedures. All fume hood repairs must be completed orapproved by the UAH Facilities and Operations Department. Immediately report fume hood malfunctionsto 824-6482. Annually, the OEHS verifies the face velocity of campus fume hoods and labels them with ayellow sticker denoting the maximum safe operating height. The sticker is placed at the point at which the


fume hood face velocity is 100 feet per minute. Questions or requests for assistance in the evaluation offume hoods may be directed to Environmental Health & Safety at 824-2352.

IX. Emergency Equipment

A. Eyewashes and Safety ShowersEmergency eyewashes are mandatory for chemical laboratories. Laboratory facilities at UAH should beequipped with an eyewash station or drench hose. Safety showers must be within 10 seconds of hazardouschemical areas. Facilities & Operations Maintenance must be contacted to install eyewash stations andsafety showers when necessary. Optionally, portable eyewash station and showers may be purchased.

The OEHS checks campus safety showers and emergency eyewashes biannually to verify that they functionappropriately. Those persons responsible for laboratory areas are responsible for insuring eyewashes areflushed weekly and showers are flushed monthly. This will effectively flush the lines of any debris andpotential microbial growth. Due to the nature of the work conducted in biological laboratories, a periodicwipe down of the safety shower with a commercially available disinfectant or a one-part bleach to ten-partwater solution is highly recommended.

X. Fire PreventionPreventing fires in the lab can be largely achieved by close adherence to; the National Fire ProtectionAssociation (NFPA) guidelines for storage of flammable materials, attention to chemical incompatibilities,care in the use of flammable materials and chemical reactions, appropriate maintenance of equipment, andgood housekeeping. All fires require a fuel source, an ignition source, and oxygen to burn. Minimizingany one of these will decrease the risk of fire.

A. Common Laboratory Ignition and Fuel SourcesIgnition sources must be located away from flammable and combustible materials. Always use heatingapparatus, bunsen burners, and flammable and combustible chemicals in the fume hood. There are manypotential ignition and fuel sources in laboratories. The most common are:

Bunsen burnersHot plates and heating mantlesPeroxides and peroxide formersDamaged electrical cords and extension cordsClass III and IV lasersFlammable and combustible chemicals

B. Fire Safety EquipmentFire extinguishers must be available in all chemical laboratories. Fire extinguishers must be checkedmonthly to ensure they are adequately charged. Contact the OEHS at 2352 for any information concerningfire extinguishers, or to request a repair or recharge.

C. Fire Risk MinimizationMinimize the risk of fire in laboratories by utilizing the following practices.

• Purchase small amounts of flammables• Store flammable materials in flammable chemical storage cabinets and segregate from

incompatible materials. Adhere to the guidelines for storage of flammable materials as foundin NFPA 45 and 30. These guidelines are provided below.

• Ethers must be inhibited. Use ethers before they expire. Contact the OEHS immediately upondiscovery of expired ethers.

• Electrical and extension cords must double insulated or grounded. Extension cords must not beused as permanent wiring and must be suitable for the environment in which they are used.

D. NFPA 45 – (Standard on Fire Protection for Laboratories Using Chemicals)


Terms

Laboratory Unit Fire Hazard Classification:Class A: High fire hazardClass B: Moderate fire hazardClass C: Low fire hazardClass D: Minimal fire hazard

Flammable Liquid: Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 100°F. Flammable liquids areclassified as Class I liquids as follows:Class I Liquid – any liquid that has a closed cup flash point below 100°F and a Reid vapor pressure notexceeding 40 psia at 100°F.Class IA Liquids – those liquids that have flash points below 73°F and boiling points below 100°F.Class IB Liquids – those liquids that have flash points below 73°F and boiling points at or above 100°F.Class IC Liquids – those liquids that have a flash point at or above 73°F but below 100°F.

Combustible Liquid: Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point at or above 100°F. Combustible liquidsare further classified as follows:Class II Liquids – any liquid that has a flash point at or above 100°F and below 140°F.Class IIIA Liquids – any liquid that has a flash point at or above 140°F but below 200°F.Class IIIB Liquids – any liquid that has a flash point at or above 200°F.

Maximum Allowable Quantities of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Liquified Flammable Gases inSprinklered Laboratory Units Outside of Approved Storage Cabinets (Table 1)

Excluding Quantities in Including Quantities inStorage Cabinets or Safety Cans Storage Cabinets or Safety Cans

Max. Quant. Max Quant Max Quant. Max. Quantper 100 ft2 of per per 100 ft2 of per

Lab Unit Flammable Lab Unit Lab Unit Lab Unit Lab UnitFire Haz Combustible Class Liq. Class L gal L gal L gal L gal

A I_ 38 10 2270 600 76 20 4540 1200I_, II, IIIA 76 20 3028 800 150 40 6060 1600

B I_ 20 5 1136 300 38 10 2270 600I_, II, IIIA 38 10 1515 400 76 20 3028 800

C I_ 7.5 2 570 150 15 4 1136 300I_,II, IIIA 15 4 757 200 30 8 1515 400

D I_ 4 1.1 284 75 7.5 2 570 150I_, II, IIIA 4 1.1 284 75 7.5 2 570 150

_ This category includes Class I flammable liquids and liquified flammable gases.

Maximum Allowable Quantities of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and Liquified Flammable Gases inNon-Sprinklered Laboratory Units Outside of Approved Storage Cabinets (Table 2)

Excluding Quantities in Including Quantities inStorage Cabinets_ or Safety Cans Storage Cabinets_ or Safety Cans


Max. Quant. Max Quant Max Quant. Max. Quantper 100 ft2 of per per 100 ft2 of per

Lab Unit Flammable Lab Unit Lab Unit Lab Unit Lab UnitFire Haz Combustible Class Liq. Class L gal L gal L gal L gal

A I# Not Permitted Not Permitted Not Permitted Not PermittedI#, II, IIIA Not Permitted Not Permitted Not Permitted Not Permitted

B I# Not Permitted Not Permitted Not Permitted Not PermittedI#, II, IIIA Not Permitted Not Permitted Not Permitted Not Permitted

C I# 7.5 2 284 75 15 4 570 150I#, II, IIIA 15 4 380 100 30 8 760 200

D I# 4 1.1 140 37 7.5 2 284 75I#, II, IIIA 4 1.1 140 37 7.5 2 284 75

_This category includes Class I flammable liquids and liquified flammable gases.#This category includes Class I flammable liquids and liquified flammable gases.

X. Chemical and Hazardous Waste Identification and DisposalFor a complete guide to handling hazardous waste refer to The UAH Hazardous Waste Management Plan inAppendix C.

A. Chemical Waste MinimizationThe U.S. Congress has made waste minimization a national policy and it must be incorporated as a goal ofeach chemical waste generator. As a generator of chemical waste you have the responsibility to minimizethe waste you generate. Waste minimization has benefits such as decreasing your exposure to hazardoussubstances, protection of the environment, and decreasing the cost of purchase and disposal. Wasteminimization should be considered at all times. Waste minimization begins in the research and educationplanning stages. The following are suggestions for minimizing waste.

• Purchase only the quantity of chemical that you need. Hazardous waste often is a result of outdatedand or unused chemicals. Hazardous waste costs much more to dispose of than the cost of purchasingsmaller quantities of chemicals.

• Substitute less or non-hazardous materials for hazardous materials.• Use dilute rather than concentrated solutions.• Use micro or semi-micro techniques.

B. Chemical and Hazardous Waste IdentificationUAH laboratories fall under the federal regulations outlined in the Resource Conservation and RecoveryAct (RCRA), and at the state level as outlined in the Alabama Department of Environmental Management(ADEM) Division 14 regulations. Both specify the requirements for handling hazardous materials from“cradle to grave”. Complete guidelines for handling chemical waste can be acquired from and the UAHHazardous Waste Management Plan (Appendix C) via the OEHS or it’s web site. The following UAHguidelines will assist laboratory users in determining what is a hazardous chemical waste and how toappropriately label them. Appropriate labeling of hazardous chemical wastes will assist in accomplishingUniversity goals of maintaining safety within laboratories, protecting the environment, and supportingregulatory compliance. A major obstacle in minimizing the quantity of unknown chemical waste is theperformance of laboratory closeout procedures prior to faculty or staff relocating. Refer to laboratory closeout procedures in the Housekeeping section for appropriate procedures when research is completed or whenlaboratories change responsible parties.

UAH has a strict “NO DRAIN” policy that disallows pouring chemicals down drains in UAH facilities.Pouring chemicals into the sanitary sewer system requires a permit and continuous monitoring. Failure tofollow the “NO DRAIN” policy could result in injury to human health and environmental degradation.


According to RCRA, the two types of regulated hazardous waste are “listed” and “characteristic”. Anoutline of listed chemical wastes can be found in the appendices of the UAH Hazardous WasteManagement Plan (HWMP). Hazardous chemicals that are not listed may fall under the definition of aRCRA characteristic hazardous waste. The four RCRA classifications of characteristic hazardous wasteare defined in the HWMP and below. Chemical wastes that do not exhibit any of the four characteristics ofhazardous waste and are not listed are not considered hazardous waste. This does not mean that thechemical does not have dangerous properties. Protective measures are outlined in most material safety datasheets and should be taken when handling chemicals. Call the Office of Environmental Health & Safety at6875 for guidance when unsure of the hazard status or handling procedures for chemicals and wastes.

• Characteristic Hazardous Waste1. Corrosive: Aqueous and has a pH less than or equal to 2 (acidic) or greater than or equal to

12.5 (basic).2. Flammable: Any material that has a flash point of 140 ˚F or less.3. Reactive: Any waste having one or more of the following criteria is considered reactive.

• Normally unstable and readily undergoes violent change without detonating, e.g.,propargyl alcohol

• Reacts violently with water, e.g., sodium metal• Forms potentially explosive mixtures with water, e.g., trichlorosilane• When mixed with water it generates toxic gases, fumes, or vapors in a quantity

sufficient to present a danger to human health or the environment, e.g., phosphorouspentachloride

• Sulfide or cyanide bearing waste that when exposed to pH conditions between 2 and12.5, can generate toxic gases, vapors or fumes in a quantity sufficient to present adanger to human health or the environment, e.g., calcium cyanide

• Capable of detonation or explosive reaction if it is subjected to a strong initiatingsource or if heated under confinement, e.g., 1,4-dioxane

• Readily capable of detonation or, explosive decomposition, or explosive reaction atstandard temperature and pressure, e.g., diborane

• DOT forbidden explosive, e.g. trinitrotoluene.4. Toxic: Toxic chemicals are listed as “D wastes” in RCRA and a listing is also provided in the

HWMP. Common toxic metals as listed by EPA are arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium,lead, mercury, selenium, and silver. Common toxic organic compounds are pyridine, benzene,carbon tetrachloride, dichlorobenzene, and methyl ethyl ketone. These chemicals haveregulatory limits on the quantities that are considered hazardous waste. The concentrationshould be noted on any solutions containing toxic chemicals.

• Chemical Waste Categories Requiring MentionOrganic SolventsAqueous organic solvents must be segregated as chlorinated and non-chlorinated and wasteaccumulated in solvent safety cans. Chlorinated solvents are typically not flammable and aremore expensive to treat. Non-chlorinated solvents are typically flammable and are lessexpensive to treat. Labels should be placed opposite of the pour spout. Ensure that allcomponents are specified on the label, e.g., sulfuric acid, basic (NaOH), reactive (CN, S), toxicchemicals (mercury, lead), etc.

Peroxide Forming CompoundsAll peroxide forming chemicals turned into the OEHS for disposal must have datescorresponding to when the bottle was received and first opened. Additionally, the date andresults of testing to determine the concentration of peroxides must be included on the label.Without this information peroxide forming chemicals are treated as highly reactive. Highlyreactive chemicals significantly increase the cost of disposal for the University.


Deactivation and Disposal of Ethidium BromideGeneral Information: Ethidium Bromide (EtBr) is used as a stain in the visualization of nucleicacids in agarose gels. It is not regulated as a listed hazardous waste although, the mutagenicproperties may present a hazard when not managed properly in the laboratory.

Wear a lab coat a lab coat, nitrile gloves, and chemical splash goggles when handling EtBr.When using an ultraviolet (UV) light source on your cultures stained with EtBr ensure that skinand eye protection are employed. Avoid exposing unprotected skin and eyes to intense UVsources. Wear a face shield if the UV source is pointing upwards. Also, when working with aUV source for a long time, wrap up lab coat sleeves with tape or other means where the wristcould be exposed.

Electrophoresis gels containing less than 0.1% EtBr do not pose a serious hazard and can bediscarded in the trash if properly bagged and secured. (Please note that this only applies toelectrophoresis gels and not EtBr solutions.) Place gels that contain more than 0.1% EtBr in anappropriate container and dispose of as hazardous waste.

Ethidium bromide is mutagenic and should be handled carefully. The disposal of ethidiumbromide solutions can be managed in one of several ways.

1.) Request a pick-up from the OEHS by contacting 2352. Ensure the container isappropriately labeled.

2.) Commercial funnel filter kits that remove ethidium bromide from solutions areavailable. The filters supplied with the kits are packets of activated carbon. The kitsare available through Schleicher and Schuell (S&S), Sargent Welch, and BIO101. Theethidium bromide removal kits are called The Extractor. When ordering from S&S theproduct number is 10448030. When ordering from Sargent Welch there are two kits tochoose from one containing 2 units, with a product number 28165-500 or a 6 unit kit.The 6 unit kit product number is 28165-502. After using the kit the filtered buffersolution may be poured down the drain. The filters must be containerized and labeledas hazardous waste. Contact the OEHS for a pick up.

3.) The Lunn and Sansone method (below) may be used to neutralize the EtBr. Neutralizationwith bleach is not completely effective in removing the mutagenic properties of the solutionand is not recommended.

The following procedure must be carried out in a laboratory fume hood utilizing all necessarypersonal protective equipment and following safety protocol. It is imperative that the reagentsare fresh.Lunn and Sansone MethodReagents:5% Hypophosphorous acid0.5 M Sodium Nitrate solutionSodium bicarbonatepH paper

1. Dilute the solution to a concentration of <0.05% (50mg/100ml).2. For each 100 ml of ethidium bromide (EtBr) solution, add 20 ml of 5% hypophosphorous

acid and 12 ml of 0.5 M Sodium nitrate solution. Make sure the pH is less than 3.0. Stirthe solution briefly.

3. The solution must react for a minimum of 20 hours. After the reaction is complete,neutralize with sodium bicarbonate (pH 4-9), and rinse down the sanitary sewer withcopious amounts of water.

Deactivation of EtBr may be confirmed by using UV light to detect fluorescence.


EtBr contaminated debris includes gloves, bench paper and other non-labware items. Placecontaminated debris into an appropriate container for hazardous waste disposal. All containersused for collection must have a secure cover. Label all hazardous waste and contact the OEHSwhen the material is ready for disposal. Double-bagging is an acceptable packaging methodfor waste EtBr contaminated debris only when the bag is tightly sealed.

Disposing of EtBr Contaminated LabwareNeedles, scalpels, Pasteur pipettes, and other sharps contaminated with EtBr must be disposedof directly into a sharps container. These will be disposed of in the same manner as otherwaste sharps. Volumetric or transfer pipettes, and other disposable glassware contaminatedwith EtBr must be disposed of in a sharps container. Grossly/visibly contaminated glasswareshould be washed with bleach before disposal in a sharps container. Test tubes and centrifugetubes contaminated with EtBr must first be emptied, with the liquid disposed of according tothe procedures given above. Empty incidentally contaminated tubes may be disposed of in thetrash. Grossly contaminated (visibly contaminated) tubes should be collected with otherlaboratory debris, labeled and disposed of as a hazardous waste. Most other disposablelabware (e.g. sample vials, disposable beakers, etc.) incidentally contaminated with EtBr maybe disposed of in the normal trash. Grossly contaminated (visibly contaminated) disposablelabware should be labeled and managed as a hazardous waste.

C. Unknown Chemical WasteUnknown chemical waste is any chemical that can not be identified. Disposal of unknown wastes can bedifficult and extremely expensive. In the event an unknown chemical waste is found, the OEHS requeststhat you utilize the UAH Procedures for Characterizing Unknown Chemical Waste (Appendix B) prior toturning the waste in to the OEHS for disposal. The procedures are simple and provide enough informationto transport and treat the waste in a safe manner. Chemical waste characterization tags are available fromthe OEHS for proper labeling of unknown chemical waste. Alternatively, you may request the OEHS tocharacterize the waste at a cost of $40.00 per sample.

D. Characterizing Unknown Chemical WastesUnknown chemical wastes are those chemical wastes that cannot be identified. “Unknowns” presentsafety, disposal, and regulatory compliance issues that must be avoided whenever possible. Minimizingunknowns generated on campus can be accomplished by labeling all chemical containers upon receipt orproduction (see UAH Guidelines for Labeling Chemical Wastes). Laboratory waste that cannot beidentified is subject to a hazard characterization procedure prior to disposal. The characterization is used todetermine how to handle and properly dispose of the waste. Unknowns may be turned in to the OEHS forhazard characterization or the procedure may be conducted within the department that generates the waste.The OEHS assesses a fee of $40 per unknown sample for chemical characterization. Contact the OEHS torequest this service. If the University hazardous waste disposal contractor is required to characterize anunknown, the associated cost of analysis will be much higher and will be charged to the generatingdepartment.

Please note that there is danger involved with handling chemical unknowns. If the sample displaysphysical characteristics indicative of potentially reactive or peroxide forming chemicals (as listed below),or is suspected to be radioactive, contain biological materials, or pose any other unreasonable risk,discontinue or stop the characterization procedure and contact the OEHS immediately. Specializedequipment and handling practices may be required.

Potentially reactive chemical characteristics:• solid materials under liquids• bi-layered or multi-layered• bulging, pressurized, or leaking containers


• corroded, rusted, or deteriorating caps

Peroxide forming compound characteristics:• cloudy liquid• crystals forming in bottles and around lids of partially or completely evaporated liquids

Note: Potential peroxide containing compounds must be labeled as “Possible Peroxide”.

Minimal precautionary measures to be taken while handling all unknowns must include:• Do not work alone.• Handle the sample under a functioning fume hood with the sash pulled to the lowest level possible.• Wear chemical resistant gloves, lab jacket or apron, goggles, and a face shield.• Insure that a safety shower and eye wash station is within reasonable distance.• Insure an ABC fire extinguisher is readily available.

Procedures for departmental characterization of unknown chemical wastes are outlined in Appendix B.Undergraduate students are not allowed to perform unknown hazardous waste analysis. It is recommendedthat all physical and chemical tests and observations be recorded in a permanent logbook for futurereference. Characterized unknown waste must be appropriately labeled, regardless of its hazard status, andsubmitted to the OEHS for disposal. Characterization labels are available from the OEHS.

E. Labeling Chemical WasteThe UAH guidelines for labeling chemical waste are derived from EPA regulations. Each chemical wastelabel must contain the word waste, followed by an accurate description of the waste and a date. Anaccurate description includes each chemical component and its corresponding concentration. Ex: Waste30% hydrogen peroxide, Waste 2M sulfuric acid, 500 mg/l lead oxide, 300 PPM barium oxalate, WasteFlammable liquid (30% acetone, 50% acetonitrile, 20% methanol), etc. The date listed must correspond tothe date the chemical was determined to be a waste.

F. Requesting a Chemical Waste Pick-upTo request a chemical waste pick up, send a chemical waste manifest (see appendix B) to JRC 159, contactthe OEHS by phone at 6875, or by email at [email protected].

XI. OEHS Safety AuditsThe Hazardous Materials Specialist conducts annual safety audits of laboratories containing chemical materials andlasers to offer guidance and information in maintaining safer laboratory facilities and regulatory compliance. TheHazardous Materials Technician will identify safety issues that may effect personal safety, indoor air quality,building safety, and environmental degradation. One standardized form is used during the audit. This form isavailable in Appendix C. The procedures the Hazardous Materials Specialist will follow to notify faculty and staffof the audit results are:

1.) When the laboratory meets and exceeds laboratory safety protocol a memo will be drafted to inform theresponsible person that the area was inspected and all guidelines have been met or exceeded. Whendeficiencies are noted, a copy of the audit is sent to the person in charge of the laboratory. This serves asthe notice of deficiency. It outlines the hazards found in the laboratory and requests the responsible personto remedy the hazard and or contact the auditor prior to her return. A follow-up audit is scheduled for onemonth after the first audit.

2.) When deficiencies remain upon the completion of the first follow-up, a second notice of deficiency isdrafted and sent to the person in charge of the laboratory. A memo referencing the notice of deficiency issent to the department chairperson and the Laboratory Safety Committee Chairperson. A copy of thismemo is sent to the person responsible for the laboratory. A second follow-up audit is scheduled for twoweeks after the first follow-up.

3.) Upon the completion of the second follow-up audit, any remaining safety hazards will result in a thirdnotice of deficiency that is sent to the person in charge of the laboratory. A memo is drafted and sent to


notify the appropriate dean. This memo is copied to the department chairperson, the Laboratory SafetyCommittee Chairperson, and the person in charge of the laboratory.

Information collected during laboratory safety audits is posted on the OEHS web site. To access this information:from the UAH home page, go to “Administration”, then select “The Office of Environmental Health and Safety”.

A. OEHS Safety Audit ScheduleThe most current safety audit schedule can be reviewed on the OEHS web site.

B. Optional Self AuditsDepartments have the option and are encouraged to conduct internal audits of their laboratory facilities.OEHS audit forms are available for this purpose. Alternatively, departmental audit forms can bedeveloped. Departments choosing this option must have a departmental person designated as safety officer.The departmental procedures must be at least as stringent as the OEHS guidelines and copies of the auditsmust be remitted to the OEHS. Departmental audits are subject to review by the OEHS.

XII. Miscellaneous

A. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)The NMR facility is adjacent to the Materials Science and Optics Building Connector. NMR uses apowerful electromagnet in the identification process of chemical compounds. Due to the strong magneticfield certain precautions must be taken. Persons with pacemakers must not enter the NMR facility. Thefollowing are guidelines for safely working in and with the NMR.• Permission to enter the facility is required. To obtain permission, contact the Director of the NMR

facility. The Director will brief persons obtaining permission to enter the NMR facility on theappropriate safety precautions.

• The 10-gauss perimeter must be demarcated in the facility. Persons with implanted or attached medicaldevices such as prosthetic parts and stints must remain outside of the 10-gauss perimeter from thecenterline of the magnet.

• All metal objects e.g., ordinary tools, electronic equipment, compressed gas cylinders, steel chairs, andsteel carts, must be outside the 10-gauss perimeter from the centerline of the magnet. These objectscan suddenly fly towards the magnet, possibly causing injury or damage to the equipment and facility.

• Cards with magnetic strips (credit, check, Charger cards) will be erased of information under thepresence of the magnetic field. These types of cards must not be taken within the 10-gauss perimeterfrom the centerline of the magnet.

• Computer monitors and TV screens may be distorted by fringe magnetic field. Appropriate shielding isnecessary.

• Only qualified maintenance personnel shall remove equipment covers or make internal adjustments.Dangerous high voltages that can kill or injure exist inside the instrument. Before working inside thecabinet, turn off the main power switch located on the back of the console, then disconnect the ACpower cord.

• Do not substitute parts or modify the instrument. Any unauthorized modification could injurepersonnel or damage equipment.

• Do not operate in the presence of flammable gases or fumes. Operation with flammable gases or fumespresent creates the risk of injury or death from toxic fumes, explosion, or fire.

• Leave the area immediately in the event of a magnet quench (sudden appearance of gases from the topof the dewar). This could result in an oxygen deficient atmosphere.

• Avoid liquid helium or nitrogen contact with any part of the body. The cause damage similar to a burn.• Do not look down the upper barrel. Unless the probe is removed from the magnet, never look down the

upper barrel as it is pnuematically driven and may cause injury as the sample is ejected.

B. Machine Shop Safety Practices


Machine shops are found in several locations on the UAH campus. Engineering and art shops are wellequipped with machinery that may cause significant injury and or facility damage if not operatedappropriately and under close supervision. Each department must institute policies for supervision,training, and personal protective equipment for those individuals conducting activities in UAH machineshops. It is highly recommended for students to enroll in the UAH Selected Topics Machine Shop courseMAE 398 01 prior to unsupervised use of the machine shop equipment. Industrial machine shop operationsfall under a myriad of Occupational Safety and Health Act regulations. General guidelines when utilizingwoodworking and machine shop equipment are listed below. Specific information can be attained from theOEHS at 824-2352.

• Machines designed for a fixed location must be anchored securely.• Personal protective equipment must minimally include hearing protection, eye protection, and closed

toed shoes (preferably steel toed boots).• Loose fitting clothing (including ties), jewelry, and accessories such as belts should not be worn while

using machines.• Eating, drinking, and tobacco products are not allowed in machine shops.• Power controls must be clearly visible and labeled and accessible from the point of operation. The

operator must not reach over the machine to access the power switch.• Housekeeping is essential to minimize slips, trips, or falls and other hazards associated with clutter and

metal filings, and wood dust and chips on the floor. Rubber mats should be used whenever necessaryand possible.

• Safeguards must be used whenever possible, unless the guard poses a threat.• Minimal training must include:

(1) a description and identification of the hazards associated with particular machines(2) the safeguards, how they provide protection, and the hazards for which they are intended(3) how and why to use the safeguards(4) how and under what circumstances safeguards can be removed, and by whom, and(5) what to do if a safeguard is damaged, missing, or unable to provide adequate protection.

C. Children in labsSpecial guidelines apply to some individuals under the age of 18 who may be involved with utilizinglaboratories in UAH or under the control of UAH faculty. Applicability and guidelines for these personscan be found in Appendix F.

D. After Hours ExperimentsAfter hours experiments must be approved through department chairpersons. Individual departments mustimplement policies concerning after hours experiments and laboratory access. A phone must be accessibleto all after hours non-supervised laboratory users. Additionally, students are not allowed to work alone inthe laboratory.

E. Available Safety ManualsContact the OEHS at 2352 or access the OEHS web site to receive a copy of any of the listed UAH safetymanuals.

Biohazard Safety ManualHazardous Waste Management Plan

Laser Safety ManualPhysical Plant Safety Manual

Radiation Safety Manual Respiratory Protection Manual

References1. http://www.healthsafe.uab.edu2. http://www.yale.edu/oehs3. http:www-vcba.ucsd.edu/EHS/home.htm4. http://www.ehs.neu.edu/5. http://htf-curricula.mit.edu/bccourse/fumehood/survey-program.htm6. http://www.hazard.com/MSDS


7. Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories, National Academic Press.8. American National Standards Institute Z358.1 Compliance Checklist. Guardian Equipment, Emergency

Eye wash and Shower Equipment, 1999.9. SafeAire Laboratory Fume Hoods. Fisher Hamilton Product Specification Catalog, 2000.10. American National Standard for Laboratory Ventilation Institute Z9.5. American National Standards

Institute, 2001.11. Phoenix Controls, Operations and Maintenance Manual. Revision A. Phoenix Controls Corporation, 1991.12. Genium’s Handbook of Safety, Health, and Environmental Data for Common Hazardous Substances,

Genium Publishing Corporation, McGraw Hill 1999.13. Unity INOVA Installation Planning Manual.


Appendix A

1. Emergency Contact Sign2. Injury Consultation Form


UAH Emergency Phone Numbers

Hazardous Chemical/Substance Spill 6911

Personal Injury Contact Supervisor or call 6911Employees and students must complete injury reportAvailable from the Office of Public Safety (OPS)Return the form to the OPS

Personal Exposure Contact Supervisor or call 6911An incident where a person has been exposed to a hazardous material or biological agent that is aninhalation or skin absorption hazard and no immediate physical indications are noted.

Radioisotope spills 6911

Biological spills 6911

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS’s)Available in the lab or retrieve from www.uah.edu/admin/Fac/oehs

Office of Environmental Health and Safety 2352

Office of Environmental Health and SafetyJohnson Research Center room 150The University of Alabama in Huntsville824-2352 fax [email protected]


UAH Laboratory Injury Consultation

After administering first aid, refer to the material safety data sheet (MSDS) or other chemical hazard informationsource and explain to the student the potential symptoms resulting from exposure to the chemical. Explain to thestudent that it is his/her responsibility to immediately seek emergency medical attention if the condition worsensand or he/she experiences any of the listed symptoms. If the student desires immediate medical attention but doesnot require an ambulance notify his/her emergency contact to transport the student.

Additional Instructions or Comments:

I understand that it is my responsibility to notify the instructor if the status of my injury sustained during the courseof teaching lab ______________ (course number) on ____________ (date) worsens.

I have been informed of the potential side effects from this chemical exposure and I understand that if the status ofthe injury worsens, or the injury impairs my daily activity I must seek immediate medical attention.

Signature: Date:Student

Signature: Date:Teaching Assistant

Upon completion of this form:1. The pink copy must be given to the student.2. A yellow copy must be sent to the Office of Environmental Health & Safety.3. The original/white copy must be attached to the OPS accident form.


Appendix B

1. Hazardous Waste Management PlanAppendix A – Listed Hazardous WastesAppendix B – Non-Hazardous Chemical Waste

2. Guidelines for Categorizing Unknown Liquid Chemical Wastes3. Guidelines for Categorizing Unknown Solid Chemical Wastes


HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN

Rev. 2December 2003


TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE POLICY STATEMENT

2.0 INTRODUCTION

3.0 UAH HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL POLICY

4.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

5.0 RESPONSIBILITY FOR IDENTIFICATION AND DISPOSAL

6.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE DETERMINATION6.1 Characteristic Wastes

6.1.1 Ignitable Waste6.1.2 Corrosive Waste6.1.3 Reactive Waste6.1.4 Toxic Waste

6.2 Acutely Hazardous Waste6.3 Solvents

7.0 WASTE MINIMIZATION7.1 Minimizing Reactive Waste7.2 Minimizing Quantities7.3 Recycling7.4 Substitution7.5 Reduction of Scale7.6 Donations of Chemicals to the University7.7 Unknowns

8.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION PROCEDURES8.1 Segregation

8.1.1 Hazardous Waste Accumulation Areas8.2 Packaging and Containers8.3 Labeling8.4 Inspection8.5 Initiating Waste Removal

9.0 MISCELLANEOUS WASTE RULES

10.0 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

11.0 RESPONSIBILITY AND ENFORCEMENT

APPENDIX A. LISTED HAZARDOUS WASTESAPPENDIX B. NON-REGULATED CHEMICAL WASTES


1.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE POLICY STATEMENT

The University of Alabama in Huntsville is committed to full compliance with federal, state, and local laws andregulations pertaining to the management of hazardous waste. The Office of Environmental Health & Safety hasoverall responsibility for policies and procedures for the management of hazardous waste on campus. The Directorof Environmental Health and Safety is the University compliance officer with responsibility for oversight of theHazardous Waste Management Program. The director is responsible (1) for developing and maintaining Universitypolicies related to tracking, handling, transportation, storage, disposal and maintenance of records of hazardousmaterials and (2) for designing and conducting training programs for University personnel regarding themanagement of hazardous waste from cradle to grave. Colleges, departments, or other units using or generatinghazardous waste are responsible for maintaining accurate records to track hazardous materials from their purchaseor generation through their storage and disposal. Colleges, departments, or other units may develop policies andprocedures for dealing with hazardous waste within their units. These policies are subject to review by the Officeof Environmental Health and Safety and must be consistent with University policies.

The Director of Environmental Health and Safety has overall responsibility for monitoring compliance with federal,state, and local regulations, and is responsible for identification of units within the University that may not becomplying fully with regulations. The Director is responsible for providing notification of non-compliance to theunits involved and for providing consultation regarding changes necessary to comply with regulations. When unitsfail to make necessary changes to comply with regulations, the Director is responsible for reporting such non-compliance to the vice president with administrative responsibility over the unit involved.

2.0 INTRODUCTION

The goal of the UAH Hazardous Waste Management Plan (HWMP) is to protect the health and safety ofemployees, students, and the environment while complying with applicable state and federal regulations.Implementation of a waste minimization program is vital to an effective hazardous waste management program.Utilizing procedures established within the HWMP the quantity and cost of hazardous waste disposals can beeffectively reduced, the environment will be protected and employee safety will be enhanced. Planned purchases ofonly necessary quantities chemicals and closeouts of laboratories will greatly reduce the hazardous waste output atUAH.

The objective of this plan is to define the University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) responsibilities under federal andstate regulations governing hazardous waste disposal and to outline a program for compliance with those regulations.This plan is intended to provide instructions for UAH faculty and staff in the management of hazardous waste.Information contained in this manual is applicable to all University divisions, centers, schools, and departments. Sincelaboratory work frequently produces an unpredictable variety of wastes, much of the information provided within thisdocument specifically addresses laboratory waste disposal.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency has implemented strict rules and regulations pertaining to thehandling and disposal of hazardous wastes. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) establishes thecradle-to-grave concept. This concept involves the tracking of a hazardous waste from the point of generationthrough its final disposition. If found to be in violation of RCRA laws UAH could be fined up to $32,500 per dayper violation. Additionally, criminal charges may be brought against individuals who knowingly violate state,federal, or local regulations. Failure to follow guidelines established within the UAH Hazardous WasteManagement Plan could result in disciplinary action not to exclude termination of employment.

UAH at times produces more than 100 kilograms of hazardous waste in a month, and thus must meet the requirementsregulating a small quantity generator, as established by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). If atany time the University generates more than 1000 kilograms of hazardous waste or greater than one liter of acutelyhazardous waste in one calendar month, the requirements for large quantity generators will be applied to the UAHHWMP. The applicable Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulations (40 CFR 261) are very demanding andrequire cooperation of all campus generators to meet compliance requirements.


Guidelines established in the plan are intended to create an awareness of chemical wastes that require special disposaland management procedures involved. Specific procedures for continuous operations (longer than one month)generating hazardous waste are to be developed by the overseeing laboratory director or facility manager and approvedby the UAH Office of Environmental Health & Safety (OEHS). A good reference source for developing managementprocedures is "Achieving Compliance With Hazardous Waste Regulations Manual For Colleges and Universities";Findley & Company, 1988, 2nd Ed. This book along with Material Safety Data Sheets should provide sufficientinformation to develop proper management procedures. Waste generators must contact the University’s OEHSHazardous Materials Specialist at 824-6875 for specific and up to date advice on the disposal of any waste that issuspected of being regulated and/or hazardous.

The Hazardous Waste Management Plan shall serve as a guidance document for UAH employees to meet thechallenges for providing a safe, environmentally sound, and unified response for chemical waste management.Note that certain laboratory procedures that have been acceptable in the past, including pouring chemicals down thedrain (sewering) and evaporation of solvents in the fume hood, were performed with little regard to the quantity ofchemicals involved or the associated hazards. These disposal practices are unacceptable. The Universityadministration has therefore made a policy decision to prohibit such practices. If you are currently sewering wasteas part of a process, it is imperative that the OEHS be notified, so that the disposal process can be reviewed, and ifnecessary, permitted.

All UAH personnel involved in any waste disposal process must read and have a thorough knowledge of the procedurescontained within this guidance document. Each individual's participation is critically important in making the UAHHazardous Waste Management Plan reliable, safe, and efficient.

3.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE DISPOSAL REGULATIONS

The federal government has aggressively approached the regulation of hazardous wastes. In 1976, Congress passed theResource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and four years later the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)issued complex and stringent regulations to implement Subtitle C of RCRA. In 1984 the Hazardous and Solid WasteAmendments became law, substantially revising and extending the scope of RCRA. The federal government hasestablished a comprehensive cradle to grave system of monitoring hazardous wastes from the point of generationthrough the point of disposal. This system is still undergoing changes, especially with regard to wastes that areclassified as hazardous. Sanctions for noncompliance with EPA regulations are severe; they include criminalprosecution and fines of up to $32,500.00 per occurrence per day.

RCRA regulations are worded primarily to effectively control wastes produced by single waste-stream industrialgenerators, but are applicable to universities as well. UAH must not store, process, dispose of, transport, or offer fortransport any hazardous waste without having received an EPA identification number. Nor can UAH offer hazardouswaste to transporters or Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs) which have not received an EPAidentification number. Before transporting hazardous waste to an off-site facility, all requirements for packaging,labeling, marking and placarding must be met. In addition, a uniform hazardous waste manifest must be properlyexecuted and accompany each shipment. Any state that the hazardous waste shipment is transported through may alsorequire a hazardous waste manifest specific for the state.

UAH can neither dispose of nor treat hazardous waste on-site. Only an EPA permitted disposal facility can legallylandfill, incinerate, or recycle hazardous waste under the "cradle to grave" system. A waste generator never losesliability for environmental damage. For this reason, transporters and disposal facilities must be carefully chosen. TheOEHS determines the TSDF through the bid system. Stringent criteria have been established to minimizeenvironmental risk and University liability.

The EPA and the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), who periodically perform inspectionsof hazardous waste collection procedures, documentation, and storage facilities, jointly enforce the regulationsgoverning hazardous waste storage and disposal at UAH.


Regulations concerning small quantity generators are applicable to institutions or industries that generate between 100and 1000 kilograms of hazardous waste per month. Generation at UAH may occasionally exceed 100 kilograms amonth. Therefore UAH must comply fully with the regulations pertaining to small quantity generators. Theseregulations specify procedures and requirements for: 1) hazardous waste identification, 2) shipping, 3) reporting, 4)accumulation time limits, 5) general sampling and waste analysis, 5) personnel training, 6) emergency contingencyplanning, and 7) record keeping. UAH is allowed to accumulate hazardous waste on-site for a maximum of 180 daysas long as Small Quantity Generator status (100 - 1000kg/month of hazardous waste or <1kg/month of acutelyhazardous waste) is not exceeded. If at any time UAH produces more than 1000 kilograms per month of hazardouswaste, regulations pertaining to Large Quantity Generator status must be implemented to include an accumulation timelimit of 90 days. All waste must then be transported to a permitted off-site waste disposal facility for further treatment,disposal, or recycling.

Local, state and federal law forbids the discharge of any hazardous waste into the public sanitary sewer system. Inaddition, due to recent developments, it is policy of UAH that no chemical wastes, laboratory or otherwise, bedischarged into the sanitary sewer system. The OEHS is currently monitoring the effluent from UAH laboratories.Discharge limits regulated by the City of Huntsville must not be exceeded at any time. Individuals in charge oflaboratories found to be discharging chemical wastes into the sanitary sewer system may face disciplinary action notexcluding termination of employment. Any questions concerning the discharge of materials into the sanitary sewersystem must be directed to the OEHS.

In conclusion, by state and federal guidelines, UAH is required to manage hazardous wastes in a safe andenvironmentally sound manner. All generators of hazardous waste are held legally responsible for ensuring that theapplicable regulations concerning the management and disposal of hazardous waste within your departments,laboratories, shops, or service areas are followed. The following sections are the basis of University policy.

4.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Chemical waste generated at UAH is managed through a procedural system called the hazardous chemical wastemanagement system. This system encompasses the identification, labeling, storage, transportation and disposal ofmaterials that are regulated as hazardous waste.

The hazardous chemical waste management system must achieve three goals:

1. Protection of employee health and safetyProper evaluation, packing and labeling protects the health and safety of employees handling or potentiallyexposed to hazardous chemical waste.

2. Reduction of hazardous chemical waste volume in the laboratoryThe volume of hazardous chemical waste generated at the University can be reduced by:a. Disposal of non-hazardous wastes separately from hazardous chemical wastes.b. Utilizing procedures for chemical waste minimization (Lab Safety Manual).c. Recycling of unused and reusable chemicals in teaching and research laboratories.

3. Compliance with regulationsTo ensure that UAH is in compliance with federal, state, and local regulations regarding packing, labeling,storage, transportation, and disposal of hazardous chemical wastes.

Wastes requiring special consideration that are not hazardous chemical wastes are:

1. Non-hazardous solid waste includes garbage, rubbish, paper, cardboard, aluminum cans, and glass.These items are collected and disposed of by the Grounds Department of Facilities and Operations. Glass fromlaboratory operations must be thoroughly rinsed and or decontaminated and disposed of in a glass receptacle.Persons responsible for the laboratory must securely seal these containers prior to removal from the laboratory.


2. Bio-hazardous waste includes, but is not limited to, tissue specimens, preserved specimens, and bloodor other body fluids (Refer to the Biological Safety Plan for a complete listing). Departments generating bio-hazardous waste must have procedures in place for disposal of these wastes.

3. Low level radioactive waste includes, but is not limited to, radioactive solid lab trash, radioactiveaqueous based wastes, radioactive flammable solvent based wastes, and liquid scintillation solutions. Disposalof radioactive waste is managed under the guidelines established in the UAH Radiation Safety Program. Formore information contact the OEHS.

Compounds identified in the Non-hazardous Chemical Registry, Appendix B, should also be disposed of via thehazardous waste program. If they are components of a mixture with hazardous materials, the mixture is consideredhazardous waste.

5.0 IDENTIFICATION AND DISPOSAL OF WASTES

The Office of Environmental Health and Safety is available to provide advice and guidance concerning the regulatoryconsiderations of any proposed disposal. This office is also responsible for record keeping and arranging for theultimate disposal of University generated hazardous wastes. A copy of the ADEM Administrative Code is available forreview at the Office of Environmental Health and Safety or may be found at our Web Site located atwww.uah.edu/admin/oehs.

6.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE DETERMINATION

The question of primary importance to most generators is "What wastes require special consideration?" On the basis ofEPA criteria and the ADEM, chemical waste is considered hazardous if it is a Listed Hazardous Waste as described in40 CFR 261 (see Appendix A). A waste is also considered hazardous if it exhibits any of the following characteristics:1) ignitability, 2) corrosivity, 3) reactivity, or 4) toxicity; as described in Sections 5.1.1 through 5.1.4.

6.1 Characteristic WastesCertain wastes are regulated under the Resource and Conservation Recovery Act (RCRA) based oncharacteristics of ignitability, reactivity, corrosivity, and/or toxicity. If a waste meets one or more of thesecriteria and is not specifically excluded, it is regulated and must be disposed of through the OEHS. Each ofthese categories is briefly summarized below.

6.1.1 Ignitable WasteAny waste having a flash point of less than 60°C (140°F) is classified as an ignitable waste. The

only exception is an aqueous solution containing less than 24% alcohol where alcohol is the only ignitableconstituent. This exception is made because alcohol solutions at this concentration exhibit low flash pointsand is not capable of supporting combustion.

Conservative estimates of flash points should be made based on information found on the label of the containerand on the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS). Secondary references such as the Merck Index, a chemicaldictionary, or chemical supplier catalog may also be helpful. If the flash point is unknown, for instance withmixtures, it must be determined using a Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester, as specified in ASTM Standard D-93-79 or D-93-80. A Setaflash Closed Cup Tester as specified in ASTM Standard D-3278-78 may also beused.

Any chemical designated as a flammable liquid for shipping purposes will exhibit the characteristics ofignitability. Chemicals shipped as combustible liquids have flash points between 60.5°C (141°F) and 93°C(200°F), and therefore may be classified as an ignitable waste depending on the material's actual flash point.Please note that there are different requirements for flammability classifications from EPA and the Departmentof Transportation (DOT).


Solids are regulated as ignitable waste if the material is capable of ignition through friction, moistureabsorption, or spontaneous chemical changes and, when ignited burns so vigorously and persistently that itcreates a hazard. Any solid material identified as flammable on the container, shipping paper, or MSDS,should be disposed of as a regulated ignitable waste.

RCRA also regulates oxidizers as ignitable wastes. The following common chemicals arecharacterized as oxidizers at certain concentrations:ChloratesChromatesChromium TrioxideDichromatesHydrogen Peroxide1

PerchloratesPeroxidesPermanganatesPersulfates

6.1.2 Corrosive WasteAny waste that exhibits the characteristic of corrosivity is regulated as a hazardous waste. The regulationsdefine this as any material with a pH of less than 2 or greater than 12.5, or any material which will corrodesteel at a rate greater than 6 mm (0.25 in.) per year. Wastes included in this category are solutions of strongacids and bases in concentrations greater than 0.01N. RCRA regulations permit spent corrosives to beneutralized by the generator. Neutralization must occur in a container compatible with the chemical(s) to beneutralized and must take place at the site where the wastes are generated. Note: Any precipitated materialproduced during neutralization must be collected and properly characterized prior to disposal.

6.1.3 Reactive WasteDisposal of waste that is shock sensitive, unstable, reacts violently with air or water, or generates H2S or HCNin pH conditions between 2 and 12.5 is regulated as a reactive waste. With the exception of cyanide andsulfide solutions most reactive waste should only be disposed of with the assistance of explosives experts. Thegeneration of these wastes must be avoided whenever possible. Some common chemicals that are classified asexplosives include:

Picric acid and other polynitroaromatics, in dry formOld ethers and other peroxide forming organicsPeroxides, transition-metal saltsPerchlorate saltsDiazonium slats, when dryChlorite salts of metals, such as AgClO2

Azides, metal, nonmetal, and organic

Typical costs for disposing of reactive chemical wastes range from $50 to $100 per packaged pound. Ifcontainers of any of the above materials are located, contact the UAH Police immediately. Restrict area accessand do not attempt to move these wastes.

6.1.4 Toxic WasteA waste exhibits the characteristic of toxicity if, using the EPA's Toxicity Characteristic Leachate Procedure(TCLP), a representative sample of the waste contains any of the contaminants listed in Table 6-1 at theconcentration equal to or greater than the regulatory limit.

1Hydrogen Peroxide solutions are regulated as oxidizers only in concentrations greaterthan 8%.


Identification of materials regulated as hazardous waste is complicated by discrepancies in definitionalguidelines used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Department of Transportation (DOT), andstate agencies. The process of identification of hazardous chemical waste, therefore, must incorporate anunderstanding of the framework of EPA, DOT, and ADEM.

6.2 Acutely Hazardous WasteStock reagents and stock reagent containers of certain chemical compounds are strictly regulated as acutelyhazardous waste. Rinsate and dilute spill cleanup material contaminated with these compounds are regulated.

Appendix A provides a list of compounds regulated under this category. Anyone planning to generate orpurchase any quantity of an acutely hazardous waste should contact the OEHS prior to doing so in order todevelop an appropriate waste management plan. The regulations regarding acutely hazardous waste aremuch more stringent than those for other hazardous wastes are. For example, accumulation at the point ofgeneration is limited to only one quart or 1kg of an acutely hazardous waste.

6.3 Organic SolventsRCRA identifies certain chemicals used as organic solvents under a specific set of regulatory requirements.At UAH, all organic solvents should be collected for disposal as hazardous waste.

Table 6-1Toxicity Characteristic Contaminants

_____________________________________________________________________

EPA HW #1 Contaminant Regulatory limit(mg/L)

D004 Arsenic 5.0D005 Barium 100.0D018 Benzene 0.5D006 Cadmium 1.0D019 Carbon Tetrachloride 0.5D020 Chlordane 0.03D021 Chlorobenzene 100.0D022 Chloroform 6.0D007 Chromium 5.0D023 o-Cresol 200.02

D024 m-Cresol 200.02

D025 p-Cresol 200.02

D026 Cresol 200.02

D016 2,4-D 10.0D027 1,4-Dichlorobenzene 7.5D028 1,2-Dichloroethane 0.5D029 1,1-Dichloroethylene 0.7D030 2,4-Dinitrotoluene 0.133

D012 Endrin 0.02D031 Heptachlor 0.008D032 Hexachlorobenzene 0.133

D033 Hexachlorobutadiene 0.5D034 Hexachloroethane 3.0D008 Lead 5.0D013 Lindane 0.4D009 Mercury 0.2D014 Methoxychlor 10.0D035 Methyl ethyl ketone 200.0


D036 Nitrobenzene 2.0D037 Pentachlorophenol 100.0D038 Pyridine 5.0D010 Selenium 1.0D011 Silver 5.0D039 Tetrachloroethylene 0.7D015 Toxaphene 0.5D040 Trichloroethylene 0.5D041 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol 400.0D042 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol 2.0DO17 2.4.5-TP Silvex 1.0D043 Vinyl Chloride 0.2

_____________________________________________________________________1EPA hazardous waste number.2Cannot be differentiated; Total Cresol is used.3Quantitation limit is higher than the regulatory limit. Quantitation number therefore becomes the regulatory limit.

7.0 WASTE MINIMIZATION

To attain the UAH chemical waste management goals, the University strongly encourages its employees to utilizechemical waste minimization (waste reduction) techniques to reduce the volume and toxicity of chemical wastesproduced at the University. An important benefit from waste minimization is that it reduces pollution that is directlyrelated to quality of life indices. Even the best managed hazardous waste management programs produce quantities ofpollution. Waste minimization decreases the expenses of ever-increasing chemical disposal costs. Generators shouldtherefore modify procedures to eliminate or minimize the generation of hazardous waste by following common wasteminimization techniques.

7.1 Minimizing Reactive WasteMaterials that are considered reactive require special handling, hence the disposal of these materials is difficultand costly. Chemicals that are allowed to become shock or temperature sensitive present significant explosionhazards and cannot be landfilled or incinerated. Disposal of these chemicals can only be accomplished bydetonation by explosives experts. The generation of reactive waste should be avoided.

Laboratory safety can be enhanced by the elimination of generating reactive waste by purchasing peroxideforming organics in quantities that are assured of being used within a short period of time. Containers of thefollowing chemicals should be labeled with the date they are opened and discarded and disposed of withinthree months of the open date.Diisopropyl Ether (isopropyl ether)DivinylacetylenePotassium metalPotassium AmideSodium AmideVinylidine Chloride

The chemicals listed below should be dated when opened and discarded within six months of that date:

Acetyaldehyde Diethyl Acetal (acetal)Chloroprene (2-chloro-1,3-butadiene)Cumene (isopropyl benzene)CyclohexaneCyclopenteneDecalin (decahydronaphthalene)Diacetylene (butadiene)Diethyl ether (ether)


Diethylene Glycol Dimethyl Ether (diglyme)DioxaneEthylene Glycol Dimethylether (glyme)Ethylene Glycol Ether AcetatesEthylene Glycol Monoethers (cellusolve)FuranMethylacetyleneMethylcyclopentaneMethylisobutyl KetoneStyreneTetrahydrofuran (THF)Tertalin (tetrahydronapthalene)Vinyl Ethers

In addition, containers of picric acid and similar compounds should be labeled with a checklist for monthlyaddition of water sufficient to form a paste equivalent to 10% moisture by weight. Reactive wastes shouldnot be moved. Contact the OEHS to arrange for pick-up.

7.2 Minimizing QuantitiesIt is common practice to order larger quantities of stock chemicals than necessary to take advantage of volumediscounts. As a result, aging reagents or solvents are often left for disposal. This may result in disposal coststhat are greater than the original savings. It is estimated that as much as 40% of laboratory waste may resultfrom unused stock chemicals. Besides reducing disposal costs, smaller inventories reduce potential chemicalexposure to personnel, thus minimizing the risks and severity of accidents.

7.3 RecyclingMany materials treated as chemical waste are actually surplus chemicals that are reusable. To assist wastereduction it is recommended that unopened or unwanted chemicals are transferred to laboratories where theymay be used. OEHS has begun the surplusing of unopened or unwanted chemicals. Recycled chemicals areprovided free of charge to any interested University department or research laboratory that may have a need forthese chemicals.

Laboratories are required to develop schedules for routine inventory, cleaning, and removal of chemicals thatare no longer needed. These chemicals are a liability and represent a future expense as waste. The OEHS candetermine if these chemicals are suitable for recycling or if they should be disposed of as hazardous waste.

Note: Certain chemicals are particularly desirable for recycling and include the following:

SolventsAcetoneChloroformDichloromethane (Methylene Chloride)Ethyl AcetateFormaldehydeHexanesIsopropyl AlcoholMethanolPetroleum EtherTolueneXylenes

AcidsAcetic Acid (glacial)Hydrochloric AcidSulfuric Acid


OxidizersBrominePotassium ChloratePotassium DichromateSilver Nitrate

7.4 SubstitutionSubstitution of a non-hazardous or less hazardous chemical in place of a hazardous chemical is a commonlyused method of reducing waste. A simple example of this is to change a cleaning agent from a toxic,flammable solvent to an appropriate soap or detergent solution. Other examples of substitution are: 1) the useof detergent instead of chromic acid in the cleaning of glassware; 2) the use of water based paints and cementsover solvent based; 3) substituting non-halogenated, non-aromatic solvents for solvents such as benzene,methylene chloride, or carbon tetrachloride; and 4) avoiding the use of potentially explosive chemicals such asethers or picric acid whenever possible.

7.5 Reduction of ScaleExperimental laboratory procedures should be set up on as small a scale as possible. The use of methodsrequiring micro-quantities and equipment to handle these small volumes allow chemical reactions to be carriedout on a much smaller scale than previously possible. For example, chromatographic techniques enableseparation/purification of microgram quantities. Significant savings in chemicals, apparatus, and disposal costscan result.

7.6 Donations, Free Samples, and Government Surplus of Chemical ItemsUAH personnel must not accept chemical donations, free samples or purchase large quantities of governmentsurplus of chemical items that will later become a disposal problem. These items should not be accepted unlessthere is an immediate need and adequate storage space available. No chemical should be accepted which has alimited shelf life unless for immediate use and in exact quantities. No University representative shall acceptany chemical item: 1) without an accompanying Material Safety Data Sheet, and 2) in an original labeledcontainer, that includes a shelf life date.

7.7 UnknownsUnknowns are a special problem in laboratories, especially with regard to a change in management and/orpersonnel. Therefore, it is important to incorporate maintenance schedules for routine laboratory inventoriesand cleanup and closeout in departmental procedures. Outdated and unwanted chemicals must be disposed ofprior to personnel changes that would result in the new management of a laboratory, shop, storage facility, etc.Guidelines for characterizing unknowns are available in the Laboratory Safety Manual. Laboratory closeoutprocedures are also available in the Laboratory Safety Manual.Lack of laboratory closeout when responsible parties are leaving the University or changing laboratories is aprimary source of University unknown chemicals. When an unknown is discovered, an intensive attempt atidentification must be made. Usually consulting individuals who may have worked in the laboratory where theunknown was found can help to identify the contents. If this fails, the compound must be analyzed. Chargesfor chemical characterization procedures sufficient to prepare an unknown chemical for disposal are assessedby the OEHS at $40.00 per unknown. Generation of unknowns should be avoided by performing periodicinspections of chemicals in the laboratory to ensure that each is properly labeled. All waste containers must belabeled with 1) the chemical name, 2) the concentration(s), 3) the volume, and 4) the date a chemical wasadded to a mixture. In addition, waste containers must meet all labeling requirements as found in theLaboratory Safety Manual.

8.0 HAZARDOUS WASTE COLLECTION PROCEDURES


The following information applies to wastes that have been identified as hazardous, either appearing on the EPA'sregulatory lists or displaying one or more characteristics including ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, or toxicity. AllUniversity chemical waste ready for shipment is currently stored in a secured hazardous materials storage buildinglocated adjacent to the Johnson Research Center. All wastes are classified and sorted by OEHS personnel prior to finaldisposal. By regulation, UAH may store hazardous wastes at a single facility-wide storage area. However, eachlaboratory generating hazardous waste on campus is considered a Satellite Hazardous Waste Accumulation Area.Accumulation within these areas must: 1) be under the control of the person in charge of the waste generating process,and 2) the volume of hazardous waste may not exceed 55 gallons or one quart of acutely hazardous waste. It isimportant that you contact the OEHS for a waste pickup prior to accumulating this amount of waste in your laboratory.Proper controls must be in place in all hazardous waste accumulation areas as described below.

8.1 Segregation

All waste stored together must be compatible. Guidelines for segregation of chemicals as found in theLaboratory Safety Manual must be adhered to. Incompatible waste (oxidizers and organic solvents, forexample) generated by a single laboratory should be separated by storing these materials in separate cabinets orshelves. Generally, classes, i.e. ignitables, corrosives, toxics, and reactives, should be segregated. Thisinformation will be listed on the label of each chemical or on the MSDS. Mixing of wastes that representdifferent hazard classes must be avoided.

8.1.1 Hazardous Waste Accumulation Area

All chemical waste containers must be stored in your laboratory’s designated hazardous wasteaccumulation area (HWAA). A standardized HWAA sign must be posted in the area. This will allowfor easy inspection by regulatory authorities and clearly separates waste materials from chemicals inuse.

8.2 Packaging and Containers

Hazardous waste must be collected by generators in containers that meet Department of Transportationspecifications. The same container or type of container in which a reagent was shipped will meet thespecifications for shipment as waste. Laboratories purchasing solvents in bulk should package the solventwaste in one-gallon metal or glass containers with screw cap closures. Laboratories generating solvent wastein bulk may use five-gallon safety cans for the collection of waste in the laboratory. Laboratory wastecontainers will be picked up by OEHS personnel for bulk disposal into a 30 or 55-gallon drum. It is imperativefor the safety of the OEHS employee that correct labeling is applied to the chemical waste container. UAHlaboratories may have their waste containers picked up by calling OEHS at 824-6875. All empty wastecontainers will be returned to the generating laboratory. Chlorinated organic solvents must be kept separatefrom non-chlorinated organic solvents. Separation of organic chlorinated and non-chlorinated solvents isessential due to the higher expense associated with disposal of chlorinated solvents. Mixtures of organicsolvent waste that contain any proportion of chlorinated solvent are considered chlorinated for disposalpurposes. Low molecular weight ethers, such as diethyl ether, must be collected in a one-quart glass or metalcontainer for incineration. Organic chemicals are generally collected in glass containers. Acids and basesshould be collected and stored in glass or high-density polyethylene containers. Wastes containing hydrogenfluoride should also be stored and transported in DOT approved plastic containers. Powerful or toxic oxidizersshould be collected in glass containers with Teflon lined caps. Waste for disposal should be placed in thesmallest compatible container.

Keep containers closed. All chemical waste containers must be kept closed except when being used for theaddition or removal of wastes. One of the most common cited safety hazards in University laboratories is opencontainers and labeling deficiencies.

8.3 LabelingEach container must be labeled according to the guidelines outlined in the Laboratory Safety Manual.Chemical wastes must include the word waste on the label.


8.4 InspectionGenerators must inspect their accumulation areas to make sure that collection containers are clean, closed,properly labeled, segregated, and not leaking. In addition, generators must post a copy of the UAH hazardouswaste management plan and inform all laboratory personnel of its location. The OEHS will conduct periodicinspections of laboratories known to generate hazardous waste to ensure compliance with this program and thehazardous waste regulations. Laboratory Audit forms can be found in the Laboratory Safety Manual.

8.5 Initiating Waste RemovalTo request a waste pick up, contact the OEHS at 824-6875. Be prepared to provide a chemical waste manifest.Manifests and instructions for completing them are found in the Laboratory Safety Manual Appendix D.

The OEHS coordinates the removal of chemical waste from the UAH campus a minimum of every 180 days,or as needed. In the event the UAH generator status increases from a small to a large quantity generator thefrequency of disposal will increase to a minimum 90-day interval.

Note: The accumulation of over 55 gallons of waste or one quart of acutely hazardous waste in anyfacility except the authorized UAH waste storage area is not allowed under RCRA regulations.If a laboratory expects to generate quantities in excess of these limits within a three-month period,arrangements must be made with the OEHS to schedule pickups more frequently. The University’shazardous waste disposal contractor will under special circumstances accept pressurized cylinders fordisposal. Reusable cylinders should be returned to the supplier or manufacturer as soon as possibleupon becoming empty as suppliers charge the University for rental of cylinders. Disposable cylindersshould be completely emptied, the valve removed and the cylinder disposed of as solid waste.

9.0 Miscellaneous Waste Rules

Asbestos - Asbestos and asbestos contaminated materials may not be cleaned up by University personnelunless, 1) personnel have received 16 hour asbestos awareness training, 2) personnel have completedrespiratory protection training, 3) personnel participate in the medical surveillance program, and 4) adequateexposure monitoring is performed.

Volatilization - Volatile toxic substances should never be disposed of by evaporation in a fume hood. Suchsubstances should be collected in suitable containers and properly labeled. Follow disposal proceduresoutlined in Section 8.0.

Glassware - Glassware and other expendable items contaminated by hazardous chemicals must be rinsedwith a suitable solvent. The rinsate must be labeled as Hazardous Waste and disposal protocols aspreviously described must be followed. The glassware must then be collected in individual laboratories ina receptacle used for glass only.

Sharps - All needles from syringes must be removed before disposal and placed in a sharps container.

Infectious - Infectious waste must be collected by approved procedures and autoclaved at 15 psig (121°C) forat least 30 minutes prior to disposal. The bags must be labeled indicating they have been autoclaved. Afterautoclaving the biohazardous waste place in a trash bag for disposal. Quality control/assurance proceduresmust be followed for documentation purposes.

10.0 EMERGENCY PROCEDURES

Emergency procedures for spills and injuries are provided in the Laboratory Safety Manual. UAH will utilize theHuntsville Fire Department HazMat Response Unit for emergency response actions involving unknown chemicals andspills requiring fully encapsulating personal protective equipment. All spills must be reported immediately to the UAH


Public Safety Office at 824-6911. All laboratories must post UAH emergency phone numbers as provided in AppendixA of the Laboratory Safety Manual.

11.0 RESPONSIBILITY AND ENFORCEMENT

The establishment and enforcement of the Hazardous Waste Management Plan is under the auspices of the OEHSwhich acts in an advisory capacity to the Assistant VP for Facilities and Operations. The OEHS will review policies,hear complaints and make final recommendations to the Assistant VP regarding policies related to hazardous materialson campus.Audits of hazardous waste accumulation areas on campus will be conducted on a periodic basis in a manner similarto those conducted by regulatory agencies. A multi-part checklist (Appendix C) will be used along withquestioning of person(s) in the laboratory at the time of the audit. Upon completion of the audit a copy will begiven to the person responsible for the laboratory along with any necessary materials needed forlaboratory compliance that is deemed the responsibility of OEHS. If there are any noted deficiencies, anaudit report that includes an explanation of the deficiency and corrective actions will be sent to the personin charge of the laboratory. Although many deficiencies may seem trivial (open container), any infractionis a violation of the hazardous waste regulations and must be corrected. Laboratories with deficiencieswill be re-audited within 30 days. For any uncorrected items found during follow-up audits, a Notice ofDeficiency report will be sent along with the original and follow-up audit forms to the Department Headand person in charge of the laboratory. All inspection reports will be kept on file and will be available forstate and federal regulatory authorities to review.

Due to the seriousness of non-compliance and/or complacency with existing Federal, State and local regulations,which may result in civil and/or criminal liabilities, the policies and guidelines presented in this document must befollowed as a minimum. Failure to comply, blatant disregard, or multiple infractions may result in disciplinaryaction not excluding termination of employment.

HWMP - APPENDIX A

Lists of Hazardous Wastes

(1) General.

(a) A solid waste is a hazardous waste if it is listed below, unless it has been excluded from this list under335-14-1-.03(2). (Alabama Administrative Code)

(b) ADEM has indicated its basis for listing the classes or types of wastes by employing one or more of thefollowing Hazard Codes:

Ignitable Waste (I)

Corrosive Waste (C)

Reactive Waste (R)

Toxicity Characteristic Waste (E)

Acute Hazardous Waste (H)

Toxic Waste (T)

(c) Each hazardous waste listed in this appendix is assigned an EPA or Alabama Hazardous WasteNumber which precedes the name of the waste. This number must be used in complying with thenotification requirements of Section 3010 of the RCRA and certain recordkeeping and reportingrequirements under Chapters 335-14-3 through 335-14-6, 335-14-8, and 335-14-9.

(d) The following hazardous wastes listed in paragraphs (2) or (3) of this section are subject to theexclusion limits for acutely hazardous wastes established in 335-14-2-.01(5): EPA Hazardous WastesNos. F020, F021, F022, F023, F026, and F027.

(2) Hazardous wastes from non-specific sources.

(a) The following solid wastes are listed hazardous waste from non-specific sources unless they areexcluded under § 260.20 of 40 CFR and 335-14-1-.03(2) and listed in 335-14-2-Appendix IX. Onlythe items applicable to UAH at the time of printing this manual have been included. Refer to the CFRon-line for more information.

HazardousWaste

NumberHazardous Waste Hazard

Code

Generic:

F001 The following spent halogenated solvents used indegreasing: tetrachloroethylene, trichloroethylene,methylene chloride, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, carbontetrachloride, and chlorinated fluorocarbons; all spentsolvent mixtures/blends used in degreasing containing,before use, a total of ten percent or more (by volume) ofone or more of the above halogenated solvents or thosesolvents listed in F002, F004, and F005; and stillbottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents andspent solvent mixtures.

(T)

F002 The following spent halogenated solvents:tetrachloroethylene, methylene chloride,trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, chlorobenzene,1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, ortho-dichlorobenzene, trichlorofluoromethane, and 1,1,2-trichloroethane; all spent solvent mixtures/blendscontaining, before use, a total of ten percent or more (byvolume) of one or more of the above halogenatedsolvents or those listed in F001, F004, or F005; and stillbottoms from the recovery of these spent solvents andspent solvent mixtures.

(T)

F003 The following spent non-halogenated solvents: xylene,acetone, ethyl acetate, ethyl benzene, ethyl ether, methylisobutyl ketone, n-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanone, andmethanol; all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing,before use, only the above spent non-halogenatedsolvents; and all spent solvent mixtures/blendscontaining, before use, one or more of the above non-halogenated solvents, and a total of ten percent or more(by volume) of one or more of those solvents listed inF001, F002, F004, and F005; and still bottoms from therecovery of these spent solvents and spent solventmixtures.

(I)*

F004 The following spent non-halogenated solvents: cresols andcresylic acid, and nitrobenzene; all spent solventmixtures/blends containing, before use, a total of tenpercent or more (by volume) of one or more of theabove non-halogenated solvents or those solvents listedin F001, F002, and F005; and still bottoms from therecovery of these spent solvents and spent solventmixtures.

(T)

F005 The following spent non-halogenated solvents: toluene,methyl ethyl ketone, carbon disulfide, isobutanol,pyridine, benzene, 2-ethoxyethanol, and 2-nitropropane;all spent solvent mixtures/blends containing, before use,a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one ormore of the above non-halogenated solvents or thosesolvents listed in F001, F002, or F004; and still bottomsfrom the recovery of these spent solvents and spentsolvent mixtures.

(I,T)

HazardousWaste

NumberHazardous Waste Hazard

Code

a total of ten percent or more (by volume) of one ormore of the above non-halogenated solvents or thosesolvents listed in F001, F002, or F004; and still bottomsfrom the recovery of these spent solvents and spentsolvent mixtures.

F007 Spent cyanide plating bath solutions from electroplatingoperations.

(R,T)

F008 Plating bath residues from the bottom of plating baths fromelectroplating operations where cyanides are used in theprocess.

(R,T)

F009 Spent stripping and cleaning bath solutions fromelectroplating operations where cyanides are used in theprocess.

(R,T)

F010 Quenching bath residues from oil baths from metal heattreating operations where cyanides are used in theprocess.

(R,T)

F011 Spent cyanide solutions from salt bath pot cleaning frommetal heat treating operations.

(R,T)

* (I,T) should be used to specify mixtures containing ignitable and toxic constituents.

(b) Listing Specific Definitions:

1. For the purposes of the F037 and F038 listings, oil/ water/solids is defined as oil and/or waterand/or solids.

2. (i) For the purposes of the F037 and F038 listings, aggressive biological treatment units aredefined as units which employ one of the following four treatment methods: activated sludge;trickling filter; rotating biological contactor for the continuous accelerated biological oxidationof wastewaters; or high-rate aeration. High-rate aeration is a system of surface impoundmentsor tanks, in which intense mechanical aeration is used to completely mix the wastes, enhancebiological activity, and

(I) the units employs a minimum of 6 hp per million gallons of treatment volume; and either

(II) the hydraulic retention time of the unit is no longer than 5 days; or

(III) the hydraulic retention time is no longer than 30 days and the unit does not generate asludge that is a hazardous waste by the Toxicity Characteristic;

(ii) Generators and treatment, storage and disposal facilities have the burden of proving that theirsludges are exempt from listing as F037 and F038 wastes under this definition. Generators andtreatment, storage and disposal facilities must maintain, in their operating or other on-siterecords, documents and data sufficient to prove that:

(I) the unit is an aggressive biological treatment unit as defined in this subparagraph; and

(II) the sludges sought to be exempted from the definitions of F037 and/or F038 were actuallygenerated in the aggressive biological treatment unit.

3. (i) For the purposes of the F037 listing, sludges are considered to be generated at the moment ofdeposition in the unit, where deposition is defined as at least a temporary cessation of lateralparticle movement.

(ii) For the purposes of the F038 listing,

(I) sludges are considered to be generated at the moment of deposition in the unit, wheredeposition is defined as at least a temporary cessation of lateral particle movement, and

(II) floats are considered to be generated at the moment they are formed in the top of the unit.

(3) Hazardous wastes from specific sources.

Solid wastes that are listed hazardous wastes from specific sources have not been listed in this referencedocument because at the time of printing none applied to UAH research and learning activities.

(4) Commercial Chemical Products

Commercial chemical products that are in their pure state, are out of date or off specification are hazardouswastes if listed below. Those wastes that have an EPA identification number beginning with the letter P areconsidered acutely hazardous. No more than 1 liter of acutely hazardous waste can be generated at UAHper month. In the event that more than 1 liter of acutely hazardous waste is generated in a one monthperiod UAH will become a large quantity generator and must abide by the rules and regulations set forth bylocal, state and federal governmental authorities.

HazardousWaste No.

ChemicalAbstracts No. Substance

P023 107-20-0 Acetaldehyde, chloro-

P002 591-08-2 Acetamide, N-(aminothioxomethyl)-

P057 640-19-7 Acetamide, 2-fluoro-

P058 62-74-8 Acetic acid, fluoro-, sodium salt

P002 591-08-2 1-Acetyl-2-thiourea

P003 107-02-8 Acrolein

P070 116-06-3 Aldicarb

P203 1646-88-4 Aldicarb sulfone

P004 309-00-2 Aldrin

P005 107-18-6 Allyl alcohol

P006 20859-73-8 Aluminum phosphide (R,T)

P008 504-24-5 5-(Aminomethyl)-3-isoxazolol

P007 2763-96-4 4-Aminopyridine

P009 131-74-8 Ammonium picrate (R)

P119 7803-55-6 Ammonium vanadate

P099 506-61-6 Argentate(1-), bis(cyano-C)-, potassium

P010 7778-39-4 Arsenic acid H3AsO4

P012 1327-53-3 Arsenic oxide As2O3

HazardousWaste No.


P011 1303-28-2 Arsenic oxide As2O5

P011 1303-28-2 Arsenic pentoxide

P012 1327-53-3 Arsenic trioxide

P038 692-42-2 Arsine, diethyl-

P036 696-28-6 Arsonous dichloride, phenyl-

P054 151-56-4 Aziridine

P067 75-55-8 Aziridine, 2-methyl-

P013 542-62-1 Barium cyanide

P024 106-47-8 Benzenamine, 4-chloro-

P077 100-01-6 Benzenamine, 4-nitro-

P028 100-44-7 Benzene, (chloromethyl)-

P042 51-43-4 1,2-Benzenediol, 4-[1-hydroxy-2-(methyl-amino)ethyl]-, (R)-

P046 122-09-8 Benzeneethanamine, alpha, alpha-dimethyl-

P014 108-98-5 Benzenethiol

P127 1563-66-2 7-Benzofuranol, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-,methylcarbamate

P188 57-64-7 Benzoic acid, 2-hydroxy-,compd. With (3aS-cis)-1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydro-1,3a,8-trimethylpyrrolo [2,3-b]indol-5-ylmethylcarbamate ester (1:1)

P001 1 81-81-2 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-, & salts, when present atconcentrations greater than 0.3%

P028 100-44-7 Benzyl chloride

P015 7440-41-7 Beryllium powder

P017 598-31-2 Bromoacetone

P018 357-57-3 Brucine

P045 39196-18-4 2-Butanone, 3,3-dimethyl-1-(methylthio)-, O-[methylamino)carbonyl] oxime

P021 592-01-8 Calcium cyanide

P021 592-01-8 Calcium cyanide Ca(CN)2

P189 55282-14-8 Carbamic acid, [(dibutylamino)-thio]methyl-2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl ester

P191 644-64-4 Carbamic acid, dimethyl-, 1-[(dimethyl-amino)carbonyl]-5-methyl-1H-pyrozol-3-yl ester

P192 119-38-0 Carbamic acid, dimethyl-, 3-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl ester

P190 1129-41-5 Carbamic acid, methyl-, 3-methylphenyl ester

P127 1563-66-2 Carbofuran

HazardousWaste No.


P022 75-15-0 Carbon disulfide

P095 75-44-5 Carbonic dichloride

P189 55285-14-8 Carbosulfan

P023 107-20-0 Chloroacetaldehyde

P024 106-47-8 p-Chloroaniline

P026 5344-82-1 1-(o-Chlorophenyl)thiourea

P027 542-76-7 3-Chloropropionitrile

P029 544-92-3 Copper cyanide

P029 544-92-3 Copper cyanide Cu(CN)

P202 64-00-6 m-Cumenyl methylcarbamate

P030 Cyanides (soluble cyanide salts), not otherwisespecified

P031 460-19-5 Cyanogen

P033 506-77-4 Cyanogen chloride

P033 506-77-4 Cyanogen chloride (CN)Cl

P034 131-89-5 2-Cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitrophenol

P016 542-88-1 Dichloromethyl ether

P036 696-28-6 Dichlorophenylarsine

P037 60-57-1 Dieldrin

P038 692-42-2 Diethylarsine

P041 311-45-5 Diethyl-p-nitrophenyl phosphate

P040 297-97-2 O,O-Diethyl O-pyrazinyl phosphorothioate

P191 644-64-4 Dimetilan

P043 55-91-4 Diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP)

P004 309-00-2 1,4,5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene, 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-,(1alpha,4alpha,4abeta,5alpha,8alpha,8abeta)-

P060 465-73-6 1,4,5,8-Dimethanonaphthalene, 1,2,3,4,10,10-hexachloro-1,4,4a,5,8,8a-hexahydro-,(1alpha,4alpha, 4abeta,5beta,8beta,8abeta)-

P037 60-57-1 2,7:3,6-Dimethanonaphth[2,3-b]oxirene,3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-, (1alpha,2beta,2alpha,3beta,6beta,6alpha,7beta, 7alpha)-

P051 172-20-8 2,7:3,6-Dimethanonaphth [2,3-b]oxirene,3,4,5,6,9, 9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-, (1alpha,2beta,2beta,3alpha,6alpha,6beta,7beta, 7alpha)-, &metabolites

P044 60-51-5 Dimethoate

P046 122-09-8 alpha, alpha-Dimethylphenethylamine

HazardousWaste No.


P047 1534-52-1 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol, & salts

P048 51-28-5 2,4-Dinitrophenol

P020 88-85-7 Dinoseb

P085 152-16-9 Diphosphoramide, octamethyl-

P111 107-49-3 Diphosphoric acid, tetraethyl ester

P039 298-04-4 Disulfoton

P049 541-53-7 Dithiobiuret

P185 26419-73-8 1,3-Dithiolane-2-carboxaldehyde, 2,4-dimethyl-,o-[(methylamino)-carbonyl]oxime

P050 115-29-7 Endosulfan

P088 145-73-3 Endothall

P051 72-20-8 Endrin

P051 72-20-8 Endrin, & metabolites

P042 51-43-4 Epinephrine

P031 460-19-5 Ethanedinitrile

P066 16752-77-5 Ethanimidothioic acid, N-[[(methylamino)carbonyl] oxy]-, methyl ester

P194 23135-22-0 Ethanimidothioc acid, 2-(dimethylamino)-N-[[(methylamino) carbonyl]-2-oxo]-, methylester

P101 107-12-0 Ethyl cyanide

P054 151-56-4 Ethyleneimine

P097 52-85-7 Famphur

P056 7782-41-4 Fluorine

P057 640-19-7 Fluoroacetamide

P058 62-74-8 Fluoroacetic acid, sodium salt

P198 23422-53-9 Formetanate hydrochloride

P197 17702-57-7 Formparanate

P065 628-86-4 Fulminic acid, mercury(2+) salt (R,T)

P059 76-44-8 Heptachlor

P062 757-58-4 Hexaethyl tetraphosphate

P116 79-19-6 Hydrazinecarbothioamide

P068 60-34-4 Hydrazine, methyl-

P063 74-90-8 Hydrocyanic acid

P063 74-90-8 Hydrogen cyanide

P096 7803-51-2 Hydrogen phosphide

P060 465-73-6 Isodrin

P192 119-38-0 Isolan

P202 64-00-6 3-Isopropylphenyl N-methylcarbamate

HazardousWaste No.


P007 2763-96-4 3(2H)-Isoxazolone, 5-(aminomethyl)-

P196 15339-36-3 Manganese, bis(dimethylcarbamodithioato-S,S’)-,

P196 15339-36-3 Manganese dimethyldithiocarbamate

P092 62-38-4 Mercury, (acetato-O)phenyl-

P065 628-86-4 Mercury fulminate (R,T)

P198 23422-53-9 Methanimidamide, N,N-dimethyl-N’-[3-[[(methylamino)-carbonyl]oxy]phenyl]-,monohydrochloride

P197 17702-57-7 Methanimidamide, N,N-dimethyl-N’-[2-methyl-4-[[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxl]phenyl]-

P199 2032-65-7 Methiocarb

P082 62-75-9 Methanamine, N-methyl-N-nitroso-

P064 624-83-9 Methane, isocyanato-

P016 542-88-1 Methane, oxybis[chloro-

P112 509-14-8 Methane, tetranitro-(R)

P118 75-70-7 Methanethiol, trichloro-

P050 115-29-7 6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin,6,7,8,9,10,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-, 3-oxide

P059 76-44-8 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, 1,4,5,6,7,8,8-heptachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-

P190 1129-41-5 Metolcarb

P066 16752-77-5 Methomyl

P068 60-34-4 Methyl hydrazine

P064 624-83-9 Methyl isocyanate

P069 75-86-5 2-Methyllactonitrile

P071 298-00-0 Methyl parathion

P128 315-8-4 Mexacarbate

P072 86-88-4 alpha-Naphthylthiourea

P073 13463-39-3 Nickel carbonyl

P073 13463-39-3 Nickel carbonyl Ni(CO)4, (T-4)-

P074 557-19-7 Nickel cyanide

P074 557-19-7 Nickel cyanide Ni(CN)2

P075 1 54-11-5 Nicotine, & salts

P076 10102-43-9 Nitric oxide

P077 100-01-6 p-Nitroaniline

P078 10102-44-0 Nitrogen dioxide

P076 10102-43-9 Nitrogen oxide NO

P078 10102-44-0 Nitrogen oxide NO2

HazardousWaste No.


P081 55-63-0 Nitroglycerine (R)

P082 62-75-9 N-Nitrosodimethylamine

P084 4549-40-0 N-Nitrosomethylvinylamine

P085 152-16-9 Octamethylpyrophosphoramide

P087 20816-12-0 Osmium oxide OsO4, (T-4)-

P087 20816-12-0 Osmium tetroxide

P088 145-73-3 7-Oxabicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-dicarboxylicacid

P194 2315-22-0 Oxamyl

P089 56-38-2 Parathion

P034 131-89-5 Phenol, 2-cyclohexyl-4,6-dinitro-

P128 315-18-4 Phenol, 4-(dimethylamino)-3,5-dimethyl-,methylcarbamate (ester)

P199 2032-65-7 Phenol, (3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylthio)-,methylcarbamate

P048 51-28-5 Phenol, 2,4-dinitro-

P047 1534-52-1 Phenol, 2-methyl-4,6-dinitro, & salts

P202 64-00-6 Phenol, 3-(1-methylethyl)-, methyl carbamate

P201 2631-37-0 Phenol, 3-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl)-, methylcarbamate

P020 88-85-7 Phenol, 2-(1-methylpropyl)-4,6-dinitro-

P009 131-74-8 Phenol, 2,4,6-trinitro-, ammonium salt (R)

P092 62-38-4 Phenylmercury acetate

P093 103-85-5 Phenylthiourea

P094 298-02-2 Phorate

P095 75-44-5 Phosgene

P096 7803-51-2 Phosphine

P041 311-45-5 Phosphoric acid, diethyl 4-nitrophenyl ester

P039 298-04-4 Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-diethyl S-[2-(ethylthio)ethyl] ester

P094 298-02-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-diethyl S-[(ethylthio)methyl] ester

P044 60-51-5 Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] ester

P043 55-91-4 Phosphorofluoridic acid, bis(1-methylethyl) ester

P089 56-38-2 Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-diethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) ester

P040 297-97-2 Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-diethyl O-pyrazinylester

P097 52-85-7 Phosphorothioic acid, O-[4-[(dimethylamino)sulfonyl] phenyl] O,O-dimethyl ester

HazardousWaste No.


[(dimethylamino)sulfonyl] phenyl] O,O-dimethyl ester

P071 298-00-0 Phosphorothioic acid, O,O,-dimethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) ester

P204 57-47-6 Physostigmine

P188 57-64-7 Physostigmine salicylate

P110 78-00-2 Plumbane, tetraethyl-

P098 151-50-8 Potassium cyanide

P098 151-50-8 Potassium cyanide K(CN)

P099 506-61-6 Potassium silver cyanide

P070 116-06-3 Propanal, 2-methyl-2-(methylthio)-, O-[(methylamino) carbonyl]oxime

P201 2631-37-0 Promecarb

P203 1646-88-4 Propanal, 2-, methyl-2-(methyl-sulfonyl)-, O-[(methylamino)carbonyl] oxime

P101 107-12-0 Propanenitrile

P027 542-76-7 Propanenitrile, 3-chloro-

P069 75-86-5 Propanenitrile, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-

P081 55-63-0 1,2,3-Propanetriol, trinitrate (R)

P017 598-31-2 2-Propanone, 1-bromo-

P102 107-19-7 Propargyl alcohol

P003 107-02-8 2-Propenal

P005 107-18-6 2-Propen-1-ol

P067 75-55-8 1,2-Propylenimine

P102 107-19-7 2-Propyn-1-ol

P008 504-24-5 4-Pyridinamine

P075 154-11-5 Pyridine, 3-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-, (S)-, andsalts

P204 57-47-6 Pyrrolo[2,3-b]indol-5-ol, 1,2,3,3a,8,8a-hexahydro- 1,3a,8-trimethyl-, methylcarbamate(ester), (3aS-cis)-

P114 12039-52-0 Selenious acid, dithallium(1+) salt

P103 630-10-4 Selenourea

P104 506-64-9 Silver cyanide

P104 506-64-9 Silver cyanide (Ag(CN)

P105 26628-22-8 Sodium azide

P106 143-33-9 Sodium cyanide

P106 143-33-9 Sodium cyanide Na(CN)

P108 157-24-9 Strychnidin-10-one, and salts

P018 357-57-3 Strychnidin-10-one, 2,3-dimethoxy-

HazardousWaste No.


P108 157-24-9 Strychnine, & salts

P115 7446-18-6 Sulfuric acid, dithallium(1+) salt

P109 3689-24-5 Tetraethyldithiopyrophosphate

P110 78-00-2 Tetraethyl lead

P111 107-49-3 Tetraethyl pyrophosphate

P112 509-14-8 Tetranitromethane (R)

P062 757-58-4 Tetraphosphoric acid, hexaethyl ester

P113 1314-32-5 Thallic oxide

P113 1314-32-5 Thallium oxide Tl2O3

P114 12039-52-0 Thallium(1) selenite

P115 7446-18-6 Thallium(l) sulfate

P109 3689-24-5 Thiodiphosphoric acid, tetraethyl ester

P045 39196-18-4 Thiofanox

P049 541-53-7 Thioimidodicarbonic diamide[(H2N)C(S)]2NH

P014 108-98-5 Thiophenol

P116 79-19-6 Thiosemicarbazide

P026 5344-82-1 Thiourea, (2-chlorophenyl)-

P072 86-88-4 Thiourea, 1-naphthalenyl-

P093 103-85-5 Thiourea, phenyl-

P185 26419-73-8 Tirpate

P123 8001-35-2 Toxaphene

P118 75-70-7 Trichloromethanethiol

P119 7803-55-6 Vanadic acid, ammonium salt

P120 1314-62-1 Vanadium oxide V2O5

P120 1314-62-1 Vanadium pentoxide

P084 4549-40-0 Vinylamine, N-methyl-N-nitroso-

P001 181-81-2 Warfarin, & salts, when present at concentrationsgreater than 0.3%

P205 137-30-4 Zinc, bis(dimethylcarbamodithioato-S,S’)-,

P121 557-21-1 Zinc cyanide

P121 557-21-1 Zinc cyanide Zn(CN)2

P122 1314-84-7 Zinc phosphide Zn3P2, when present atconcentrations greater than 10% (R,T)

P205 137-30-4 Ziram

1 CAS Number given for parent compound only.

(f) The commercial chemical products, manufacturing chemical intermediates, or off-specificationcommercial chemical products referred to in the Alabama Administrative Code, are identified as toxic

wastes (T) unless otherwise designated. There is a small quantity exclusion that applies to thesewastes. Contact the OEHS for more information.

These wastes and their corresponding EPA Hazardous Waste Numbers are:

HazardousWaste No.


U394 30558-43-1 A2213

U001 75-07-0 Acetaldehyde (I)

U034 75-87-6 Acetaldehyde, trichloro-

U187 62-44-2 Acetamide, N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-

U005 53-96-3 Acetamide, N-9H-fluoren-2-yl-

U240 1 94-75-7 Acetic acid, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-, salts & esters

U112 141-78-6 Acetic acid ethyl ester (I)

U144 301-04-2 Acetic acid, lead(2+) salt

U214 563-68-8 Acetic acid, thallium(1+) salt

See F027 93-76-5 Acetic acid, (2,4,5-trichloro phenoxy)-

U002 67-64-1 Acetone (I)

U003 75-05-8 Acetonitrile (I,T)

U004 98-86-2 Acetophenone

U005 53-96-3 2-Acetylaminofluorene

U006 75-36-5 Acetyl chloride (C,R,T)

U007 79-06-1 Acrylamide

U008 79-10-7 Acrylic acid (I)

U009 107-13-1 Acrylonitrile

U011 61-82-5 Amitrole

U012 62-53-3 Aniline (I,T)

U136 75-60-5 Arsinic acid, dimethyl-

U014 492-80-8 Auramine

U015 115-02-6 Azaserine

U010 50-07-7 Azirino[2',3':3,4]pyrrolo[1,2-a] indole-4,7-dione, 6-amino-8-[[(aminocarbonyl)oxy]methyl]-1,1a,2,8,8a,8b-hexahydro-8a-methoxy-5-methyl-,[1aS-(1alpha, 8beta,8aalpha,8balpha)]-

U280 101-27-9 Barban

U278 22781-23-3 Bendiocarb

U364 22961-82-6 Bendiocarb phenol

U271 17804-35-2 Benomyl

U157 56-49-5 Benz[j]aceanthrylene, 1,2-dihydro-3-methyl-

U016 225-51-4 Benz[c]acridine

U017 98-87-3 Benzal chloride

U192 23950-58-5 Benzamide, 3,5-dichloro-N- (1,1-dimethyl-2-propynyl)-

HazardousWaste No.


propynyl)-

U018 56-55-3 Benz[a]anthracene

U094 57-97-6 Benz[a]anthracene, 7,12-dimethyl-

U012 62-53-3 Benzenamine (I,T)

U014 492-80-8 Benzenamine, 4,4'-carbonimidoylbis[N,N-dimethyl-

U049 3165-93-3 Benzenamine, 4-chloro-2-methyl-,hydrochloride

U093 60-11-7 Benzenamine, N,N-dimethyl-4-(phenylazo)-

U328 95-53-4 Benzenamine, 2-methyl-

U353 106-49-0 Benzenamine, 4-methyl-

U158 101-14-4 Benzenamine, 4,4'-methylenebis[2-chloro-

U222 636-21-5 Benzenamine, 2-methyl-,hydrochloride

U181 99-55-8 Benzenamine, 2-methyl-5-nitro-

U019 71-43-2 Benzene (I,T)

U038 510-15-6 Benzeneacetic acid, 4-chloro-alpha- (4-chlorophenyl)-alpha-hydroxy-,ethyl ester

U030 101-55-3 Benzene, 1-bromo-4-phenoxy-

U035 305-03-3 Benzenebutanoic acid, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-

U037 108-90-7 Benzene, chloro-

U221 25376-45-8 Benzenediamine, ar-methyl-

U028 117-81-7 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester

U069 84-74-2 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dibutyl ester

U088 84-66-2 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester

U102 131-11-3 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl ester

U107 117-84-0 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, dioctyl ester

U070 95-50-1 Benzene, 1,2-dichloro-



U060 72-54-8 Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethyli-dene)bis[4-chloro-

U017 98-87-3 Benzene, (dichloromethyl)-

U223 26471-62-5 Benzene, 1,3-diisocyanatomethyl- (R,T)

U239 1330-20-7 Benzene, dimethyl-(I,T)

U201 108-46-3 1,3-Benzenediol

U127 118-74-1 Benzene, hexachloro-

U056 110-82-7 Benzene, hexahydro- (I)

U220 108-88-3 Benzene, methyl-

U105 121-14-2 Benzene, 1-methyl-2,4-dinitro-

U106 606-20-2 Benzene, 2-methyl-1,3-dinitro-

U055 98-82-8 Benzene, (1-methylethyl)- (I)

U169 98-95-3 Benzene, nitro-

HazardousWaste No.


U183 608-93-5 Benzene, pentachloro-

U185 82-68-8 Benzene, pentachloronitro-

U020 98-09-9 Benzenesulfonic acid chloride (C,R)

U020 98-09-9 Benzenesulfonyl chloride (C,R)

U207 95-94-3 Benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-

U061 50-29-3 Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis[4-chloro-

U247 72-43-5 Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis[4-methoxy-

U023 98-07-7 Benzene, (trichloromethyl)-

U234 99-35-4 Benzene, 1,3,5-trinitro-

U021 92-87-5 Benzidine

U202 1 81-07-2 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 1,1-dioxide, & salts

U203 94-59-7 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-(2-propenyl)-

U141 120-58-1 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-(1-propenyl)-

U090 94-58-6 1,3-Benzodioxole, 5-propyl-

U278 22781-23-3 1,3-Benzodioxol-4-ol,2,2-dimethyl-, methylcarbamate

U364 22961-82-6 1,3,Benzodioxol-4-ol,2,2-dimethyl-,

U367 1563-38-8 7-Benzofuranol, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-

U064 189-55-9 Benzo[rst]pentaphene

U248 181-81-2 2H-1-Benzopyran-2-one, 4-hydroxy-3- (3-oxo-1-phenyl-butyl)-, & salts, when present atconcentrations of 0.3% or less

U022 50-32-8 Benzo[a]pyrene

U197 106-51-4 p-Benzoquinone

U023 98-07-7 Benzotrichloride (C,R,T)

U085 1464-53-5 2,2'-Bioxirane

U021 92-87-5 [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine

U073 91-94-1 [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dichloro-

U091 119-90-4 [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethoxy-

U095 119-93-7 [1,1'-Biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine, 3,3'-dimethyl-

U225 75-25-2 Bromoform

U030 101-55-3 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether

U128 87-68-3 1,3-Butadiene, 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexachloro-

U172 924-16-3 1-Butanamine, N-butyl-N-nitroso-

U031 71-36-3 1-Butanol (I)

U159 78-93-3 2-Butanone (I,T)

U160 1338-23-4 2-Butanone, peroxide (R,T)

HazardousWaste No.


U053 4170-30-3 2-Butenal

U074 764-41-0 2-Butene, 1,4-dichloro- (I,T)

U143 303-34-4 2-Butenoic acid, 2-methyl-,7-[[2,3-dihydroxy-2-(1-methoxyethyl)-3-methyl-1-oxobutoxy]methyl]-2,3,5,7a-tetrahydro-1H-pyrrolizin-1-yl ester, [1S-[1alpha(Z),7(2S*,3R*),7aalpha]]-

U031 71-36-3 n-Butyl alcohol (I)

U136 75-60-5 Cacodylic acid

U032 13765-19-0 Calcium chromate

U238 51-79-6 Carbamic acid, ethyl ester

U178 615-53-2 Carbamic acid, methylnitroso-, ethyl ester

U372 10605-21-7 Carbamic acid, 1H-benzimidazol-2-yl, methyl ester

U271 17804-35-2 Carbamic acid, [1-[(butylamino)carbonyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl], methyl ester

U280 101-27-9 Carbamic acid, (3-chlorophenyl)-, 4-chloro-2-butynylester

U373 122-42-9 Carbamic acid, phenyl-, 1-methylethyl ester

U409 23564-05-8 Carbamic acid, [1,2-phenylenebis(iminocarbonothiol)]bis-, dimethyl ester

U097 79-44-7 Carbamic chloride, dimethyl-

U114 1111-54-6 Carbamodithioic acid, 1,2-ethane-diylbis-, salts &esters

U062 2303-16-4 Carbamothioic acid, bis(1-methylethyl)-, S-(2,3-dichloro- 2-propenyl) ester

U389 2303-17-5 Carbamothioic acid, bis(1-methylethyl)-, S-(2,3,3-trichloro-2-propenyl) ester

U387 52888-80-9 Carbamothioic acid, dipropyl-, S-(phenylmethyl)ester

U279 63-25-2 Carbaryl

U372 10605-21-7 Carbendazim

U367 1563-38-8 Carbofuran phenol

U215 6533-73-9 Carbonic acid, dithallium(1+) salt

U033 353-50-4 Carbonic difluoride

U156 79-22-1 Carbonochloridic acid, methyl ester(I,T)

U033 353-50-4 Carbon oxyfluoride (R,T)

U211 56-23-5 Carbon tetrachloride

U034 75-87-6 Chloral

U035 305-03-3 Chlorambucil

U036 57-74-9 Chlordane, alpha & gamma isomers

U026 494-03-1 Chlornaphazine

U037 108-90-7 Chlorobenzene

HazardousWaste No.


U038 510-15-6 Chlorobenzilate

U039 59-50-7 p-Chloro-m-cresol

U042 110-75-8 2-Chloroethyl vinyl ether

U044 67-66-3 Chloroform

U046 107-30-2 Chloromethyl methyl ether

U047 91-58-7 beta-Chloronaphthalene

U048 95-57-8 o-Chlorophenol

U049 3165-93-3 4-Chloro-o-toluidine, hydrochloride

U032 13765-19-0 Chromic acid H2CrO4, calcium salt

U050 218-01-9 Chrysene

U051 Creosote

U052 1319-77-3 Cresol (Cresylic acid)

U053 4170-30-3 Crotonaldehyde

U055 98-82-8 Cumene (I)

U246 506-68-3 Cyanogen bromide (CN)Br

U197 106-51-4 2,5-Cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione

U056 110-82-7 Cyclohexane (I)

U129 58-89-9 Cyclohexane, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexa-chloro-, (1alpha,2alpha,3beta,4alpha,5alpha,6beta)-

U057 108-94-1 Cyclohexanone (I)

U130 77-47-4 1,3-Cyclopentadiene, 1,2,3,4,5,5-hexachloro-

U058 50-18-0 Cyclophosphamide

U240 1 94-75-7 2,4-D, salts and esters

U059 20830-81-3 Daunomycin

U060 72-54-8 DDD

U061 50-29-3 DDT

U062 2303-16-4 Diallate

U063 53-70-3 Dibenz[a,h]anthracene

U064 189-55-9 Dibenzo[a,i]pyrene

U066 96-12-8 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane

U069 84-74-2 Dibutyl phthalate

U070 95-50-1 o-Dichlorobenzene

U071 541-73-1 m-Dichlorobenzene

U072 106-46-7 p-Dichlorobenzene

U073 91-94-1 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine

U074 764-41-0 1,4-Dichloro-2-butene (I,T)

U075 75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane

U078 75-35-4 1,1-Dichloroethylene

U079 156-60-5 1,2-Dichloroethylene

HazardousWaste No.


U025 111-44-4 Dichloroethyl ether

U027 108-60-1 Dichloroisopropyl ether

U024 111-91-1 Dichloromethoxy ethane

U081 120-83-2 2,4-Dichlorophenol

U082 87-65-0 2,6-Dichlorophenol

U084 542-75-6 1,3-Dichloropropene

U085 1464-53-5 1,2:3,4-Diepoxybutane (I,T)

U395 5952-26-1 Diethylene glycol, dicarbamate

U108 123-91-1 1,4-Diethyleneoxide

U028 117-81-7 Diethylhexyl phthalate

U086 1615-80-1 N,N'-Diethylhydrazine

U087 3288-58-2 O,O-Diethyl S-methyl dithiophosphate

U088 84-66-2 Diethyl phthalate

U089 56-53-1 Diethylstilbesterol

U090 94-58-6 Dihydrosafrole

U091 119-90-4 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine

U092 124-40-3 Dimethylamine (I)

U093 60-11-7 p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene

U094 57-97-6 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene

U095 119-93-7 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine

U096 80-15-9 alpha,alpha-Dimethylbenzylhydro-peroxide (R)

U097 79-44-7 Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride

U098 57-14-7 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine

U099 540-73-8 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine

U101 105-67-9 2,4-Dimethylphenol

U102 131-11-3 Dimethyl phthalate

U103 77-78-1 Dimethyl sulfate

U105 121-14-2 2,4-Dinitrotoluene

U106 606-20-2 2,6-Dinitrotoluene

U107 117-84-0 Di-n-octyl phthalate

U108 123-91-1 1,4-Dioxane

U109 122-66-7 1,2-Diphenylhydrazine

U110 142-84-7 Dipropylamine (I)

U111 621-64-7 Di-n-propylnitrosamine

U041 106-89-8 Epichlorohydrin

U001 75-07-0 Ethanal (I)

U174 55-18-5 Ethanamine, N-ethyl-N-nitroso-

U404 121-44-8 Ethanamine, N,N-diethyl-

HazardousWaste No.


U155 91-80-5 1,2,Ethanediamine, N,N-dimethyl-N'-2-pyridinyl-N'-(2-thienyl-methyl)-

U067 106-93-4 Ethane, 1,2-dibromo-

U076 75-34-3 Ethane, 1,1-dichloro-

U077 107-06-2 Ethane, 1,2-dichloro-

U131 67-72-1 Ethane, hexachloro-

U024 111-91-1 Ethane, 1,1'-[methylenebis(oxy)]bis[2-chloro-

U117 60-29-7 Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis- (I)

U025 111-44-4 Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis[2-chloro-

U184 76-01-7 Ethane, pentachloro-

U208 630-20-6 Ethane, 1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-

U209 79-34-5 Ethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-

U218 62-55-5 Ethanethioamide

U226 71-55-6 Ethane, 1,1,1-trichloro-

U227 79-00-5 Ethane, 1,1,2-trichloro-

U410 59669-26-0 Ethaninidothioic acid, N,N’-[thiobis[(methylimino)carbonyloxy]]bis-, dimethyl ester

U394 30558-43-1 Ethanimidothioic acid, 2-(dimethylamino)-N-hydroxy-2-oxo-, methyl ester

U359 110-80-5 Ethanol, 2-ethoxy-

U173 1116-54-7 Ethanol, 2,2'-(nitrosoimino)bis-

U004 98-86-2 Ethanone, 1-phenyl-

U395 5952-26-1 Ethanol, 2,2’-oxybis-, dicarbamate

U043 75-01-4 Ethene, chloro-

U042 110-75-8 Ethene, (2-chloroethoxy)-

U078 75-35-4 Ethene, 1,1-dichloro-

U079 156-60-5 Ethene, 1,2-dichloro-, (E)-

U210 127-18-4 Ethene, tetrachloro-

U228 79-01-6 Ethene, trichloro-

U112 141-78-6 Ethyl acetate (I)

U113 140-88-5 Ethyl acrylate (I)

U238 51-79-6 Ethyl carbamate (urethane)

U117 60-29-7 Ethyl ether (I)

U114 1 111-54-6 Ethylenebisdithiocarbamic acid, salts & esters

U067 106-93-4 Ethylene dibromide

U077 107-06-2 Ethylene dichloride

U359 110-80-5 Ethylene glycol monoethyl ether

U115 75-21-8 Ethylene oxide (I,T)

U116 96-45-7 Ethylenethiourea

HazardousWaste No.


U076 75-34-3 Ethylidene dichloride

U118 97-63-2 Ethyl methacrylate

U119 62-50-0 Ethyl methanesulfonate

U120 206-44-0 Fluoranthene

U122 50-00-0 Formaldehyde

U123 64-18-6 Formic acid (C,T)

U124 110-00-9 Furan (I)

U125 98-01-1 2-Furancarboxaldehyde (I)

U147 108-31-6 2,5-Furandione

U213 109-99-9 Furan, tetrahydro- (I)

U125 98-01-1 Furfural (I)

U124 110-00-9 Furfuran (I)

U206 18883-66-4 Glucopyranose, 2-deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-, D-

U206 18883-66-4 D-Glucose, 2-deoxy-2-[[(methyl-nitrosoamino)-carbonyl]amino]-

U126 765-34-4 Glycidylaldehyde

U163 70-25-7 Guanidine, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitroso

U127 118-74-1 Hexachlorobenzene

U128 87-68-3 Hexachlorobutadiene

U130 77-47-4 Hexachlorocyclopentadiene

U131 67-72-1 Hexachloroethane

U132 70-30-4 Hexachlorophene

U243 1888-71-7 Hexachloropropene

U133 302-01-2 Hydrazine (R,T)

U086 1615-80-1 Hydrazine, 1,2-diethyl-

U098 57-14-7 Hydrazine, 1,1-dimethyl-

U099 540-73-8 Hydrazine, 1,2-dimethyl-

U109 122-66-7 Hydrazine, 1,2-diphenyl-

U134 7664-39-3 Hydrofluoric acid (C,T)

U134 7664-39-3 Hydrogen fluoride (C,T)

U135 7783-06-4 Hydrogen sulfide

U135 7783-06-4 Hydrogen sulfide H2S

U096 80-15-9 Hydroperoxide, 1-methyl-1-phenylethyl- (R)

U116 96-45-7 2-Imidazolidinethione

U137 193-39-5 Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene

U190 85-44-9 1,3-Isobenzofurandione

U140 78-83-1 Isobutyl alcohol (I,T)

U141 120-58-1 Isosafrole

HazardousWaste No.


U142 143-50-0 Kepone

U143 303-34-4 Lasiocarpine

U144 301-04-2 Lead acetate

U146 1335-32-6 Lead, bis(acetato-O)tetrahydroxytri-

U145 7446-27-7 Lead phosphate

U146 1335-32-6 Lead subacetate

U129 58-89-9 Lindane

U163 70-25-7 MNNG

U147 108-31-6 Maleic anhydride

U148 123-33-1 Maleic hydrazide

U149 109-77-3 Malononitrile

U150 148-82-3 Melphalan

U151 7439-97-6 Mercury

U152 126-98-7 Methacrylonitrile (I,T)

U092 124-40-3 Methanamine, N-methyl- (I)

U029 74-83-9 Methane, bromo-

U045 74-87-3 Methane, chloro- (I,T)

U046 107-30-2 Methane, chloromethoxy-

U068 74-95-3 Methane, dibromo-

U080 75-09-2 Methane, dichloro-

U075 75-71-8 Methane, dichlorodifluoro-

U138 74-88-4 Methane, iodo-

U119 62-50-0 Methanesulfonic acid, ethyl ester

U211 56-23-5 Methane, tetrachloro-

U153 74-93-1 Methanethiol (I,T)

U225 75-25-2 Methane, tribromo-

U044 67-66-3 Methane, trichloro-

U121 75-69-4 Methane, trichlorofluoro-

U036 57-74-9 4,7-Methano-1H-indene, 1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-hexahydro-

U154 67-56-1 Methanol (I)

U155 91-80-5 Methapyrilene

U142 143-50-0 1,3,4-Metheno-2H-cyclobuta[cd]pentalen-2-one,1,1a,3,3a,4,5,5,5a,5b,6-decachlorooctahydro-

U247 72-43-5 Methoxychlor

U154 67-56-1 Methyl alcohol (I)

U029 74-83-9 Methyl bromide

U186 504-60-9 1-Methylbutadiene (I)

U045 74-87-3 Methyl chloride (I,T)

HazardousWaste No.


U156 79-22-1 Methyl chlorocarbonate (I,T)

U226 71-55-6 Methyl chloroform

U157 56-49-5 3-Methylcholanthrene

U158 101-14-4 4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline)

U068 74-95-3 Methylene bromide

U080 75-09-2 Methylene chloride

U159 78-93-3 Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK)(I,T)

U160 1338-23-4 Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (R,T)

U138 74-88-4 Methyl iodide

U161 108-10-1 Methyl isobutyl ketone (I)

U162 80-62-6 Methyl methacrylate (I,T)

U161 108-10-1 4-Methyl-2-pentanone (I)

U164 56-04-2 Methylthiouracil

U010 50-07-7 Mitomycin C

U059 20830-81-3 5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10[(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy)-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6,8,11-trihydroxy-1-methoxy-,(8S-cis)-

U167 134-32-7 1-Naphthalenamine

U168 91-59-8 2-Naphthalenamine

U026 494-03-1 Naphthalenamine, N,N'-bis(2-chloroethyl)-

U165 91-20-3 Naphthalene

U047 91-58-7 Naphthalene, 2-chloro-

U166 130-15-4 1,4-Naphthalenedione

U236 72-57-1 2,7-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis(azo)bis[5-amino-4-hydroxy]-, tetrasodium salt

U279 63-25-2 1-Naphthalenol, methylcarbamate

U166 130-15-4 1,4,Naphthaquinone

U167 134-32-7 alpha-Naphthylamine

U168 91-59-8 beta-Naphthylamine

U217 10102-45-1 Nitric acid, thallium(1+) salt

U169 98-95-3 Nitrobenzene (I,T)

U170 100-02-7 p-Nitrophenol

U171 79-46-9 2-Nitropropane (I,T)

U172 924-16-3 N-Nitrosodi-n-butylamine

U173 1116-54-7 N-Nitrosodiethanolamine

U174 55-18-5 N-Nitrosodiethylamine

U176 759-73-9 N-Nitroso-N-ethylurea

U177 684-93-5 N-Nitroso-N-methylurea

HazardousWaste No.


U178 615-53-2 N-Nitroso-N-methylurethane

U179 100-75-4 N-Nitrosopiperidine

U180 930-55-2 N-Nitrosopyrrolidine

U181 99-55-8 5-Nitro-o-toluidine

U193 1120-71-4 1,2-Oxathiolane, 2,2-dioxide

U058 50-18-0 2H-1,3,2-Oxazaphosphorin-2-amine,N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)tetrahydro-, 2-oxide

U115 75-21-8 Oxirane (I,T)

U126 765-34-4 Oxiranecarboxyaldehyde

U041 106-89-8 Oxirane, (chloromethyl)-

U182 123-63-7 Paraldehyde

U183 608-93-5 Pentachlorobenzene

U184 76-01-7 Pentachloroethane

U185 82-68-8 Pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB)

See F027 87-86-5 Pentachlorophenol

U161 108-10-1 Pentanol, 4-methyl-

U186 504-60-9 1,3-Pentadiene (I)

U187 62-44-2 Phenacetin

U188 108-95-2 Phenol

U048 95-57-8 Phenol, 2-chloro-

U411 114-26-1 Phenol, 2-(1-methylethoxy)-, methylcarbamate

U039 59-50-7 Phenol, 4-chloro-3-methyl-

U081 120-83-2 Phenol, 2,4-dichloro-

U082 87-65-0 Phenol, 2,6-dichloro-

U089 56-53-1 Phenol, 4,4'-(1,2-diethyl-1,2-ethenediyl)bis-, (E)-

U101 105-67-9 Phenol, 2,4-dimethyl-

U052 1319-77-3 Phenol, methyl-

U132 70-30-4 Phenol, 2,2'-methylenebis[3,4,6-trichloro-

U170 100-02-7 Phenol, 4-nitro-

See F027 87-86-5 Phenol, pentachloro-

See F027 58-90-2 Phenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachloro-

See F027 95-95-4 Phenol, 2,4,5-trichloro-

See F027 88-06-2 Phenol, 2,4,6-trichloro-

U150 148-82-3 L-Phenylalanine, 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-

U145 7446-27-7 Phosphoric acid, lead(2+) salt (2:3)

U087 3288-58-2 Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-diethyl S-methyl ester

U189 1314-80-3 Phosphorous sulfide (R)

U190 85-44-9 Phthalic anhydride

U191 109-06-8 2-Picoline

HazardousWaste No.


U179 100-75-4 Piperidine, 1-nitroso-

U192 23950-58-5 Pronamide

U194 107-10-8 1-Propanamine (I,T)

U111 621-64-7 1-Propanamine, N-nitroso-N-propyl-

U110 142-84-7 1-Propanamine, N-propyl- (I)

U066 96-12-8 Propane, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloro-

U083 78-87-5 Propane, 1,2-dichloro-

U149 109-77-3 Propanedinitrile

U171 79-46-9 Propane, 2-nitro- (I,T)

U027 108-60-1 Propane, 2,2'-oxybis[2-chloro-

U193 1120-71-4 1,3-Propane sultone

See F027 93-72-1 Propanoic acid, 2-(2,4,5-trichloro-phenoxy)-

U235 126-72-7 1-Propanol, 2,3-dibromo-, phosphate (3:1)

U140 78-83-1 1-Propanol, 2-methyl-(I,T)

U002 67-64-1 2-Propanone (I)

U007 79-06-1 2-Propenamide

U084 542-75-6 1-Propene, 1,3-dichloro-

U243 1888-71-7 1-Propene, 1,1,2,3,3,3-hexachloro-

U009 107-13-1 2-Propenenitrile

U152 126-98-7 2-Propenenitrile, 2-methyl-(I,T)

U008 79-10-7 2-Propenoic acid (I)

U113 140-88-5 2-Propenoic acid, ethyl ester (I)

U118 97-63-2 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, ethyl ester

U162 80-62-6 2-Propenoic acid, 2-methyl-, methyl ester (I,T)

U373 122-42-9 Propham

U411 114-26-1 Propoxur

U194 107-10-8 n-Propylamine (I,T)

U083 78-87-5 Propylene dichloride

U387 52888-80-9 Prosulfocarb

U148 123-33-1 3,6-Pyridazinedione, 1,2-dihydro-

U196 110-86-1 Pyridine

U191 109-06-8 Pyridine, 2-methyl-

U237 66-75-1 2,4-(1H,3H)-Pyrimidinedione, 5-[bis (2-chloroethyl)amino]-

U164 56-04-2 4(1H)-Pyrimidinone, 2,3-dihydro-6-methyl-2-thioxo-

U180 930-55-2 Pyrrolidine, 1-nitroso-

U200 50-55-5 Reserpine

U201 108-46-3 Resorcinol

U202 1 81-07-2 Saccharin, & salts

HazardousWaste No.


U203 94-59-7 Safrole

U204 7783-00-8 Selenious acid

U204 7783-00-8 Selenium dioxide

U205 7488-56-4 Selenium sulfide

U205 7488-56-4 Selenium sulfide SeS2 (R,T)

U015 79-34-5 L-Serine, diazoacetate (ester)

See F027 115-02-6 Silvex (2,4,5-TP)

U206 93-72-1 Streptozotocin

U103 18883-66-4 Sulfuric acid, dimethyl ester

U189 77-78-1 Sulfur phosphide (R)

See F027 1314-80-3 2,4,5-T

U207 93-76-5 1,2,4,5-Tetrachlorobenzene

U208 95-94-3 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

U209 630-20-6 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

U210 127-18-4 Tetrachloroethylene

See F027 58-90-2 2,3,4,6-Tetrachlorophenol

U213 109-99-9 Tetrahydrofuran (I)

U214 563-68-8 Thallium(I) acetate

U215 6533-73-9 Thallium(I) carbonate

U216 7791-12-0 Thallium(I) chloride

U216 7791-12-0 Thallium chloride TlCl

U217 10102-45-1 Thallium(I) nitrate

U218 62-55-5 Thioacetamide

U410 59669-26-0 Thiodicarb

U153 74-93-1 Thiomethanol (I,T)

U244 137-26-8 Thioperoxydicarbonic diamide[(H2N)C(S)]2S2,tetramethyl-

U409 23564-05-8 Thiophanate-methyl

U219 62-56-6 Thiourea

U244 137-26-8 Thiram

U220 108-88-3 Toluene

U221 25376-45-8 Toluenediamine

U223 26471-62-5 Toluene diisocyanate (R,T)

U328 95-53-4 o-Toluidine

U353 106-49-0 p-Toluidine

U222 636-21-5 o-Toluidine hydrochloride

U389 2303-17-5 Triallate

U011 61-82-5 1H-1,2,4-Triazol-3-amine

U227 79-00-5 1,1,2-Trichloroethane

HazardousWaste No.


U228 79-01-6 Trichloroethylene

U121 75-69-4 Trichloromonofluoromethane

See F027 95-95-4 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol

See F027 88-06-2 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol

U404 121-44-8 Triethylamine

U234 99-35-4 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (R,T)

U182 123-63-7 1,3,5-Trioxane, 2,4,6-trimethyl-

U235 126-72-7 Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl) phosphate

U236 72-57-1 Trypan blue

U237 66-75-1 Uracil mustard

U176 59-73-9 Urea, N-ethyl-N-nitroso-

U177 684-93-5 Urea, N-methyl-N-nitroso-

U043 75-01-4 Vinyl chloride

U248 1 81-81-2 Warfarin, & salts, when present at concentrations of0.3% or less

U239 1330-20-7 Xylene (I)

U200 50-55-5 Yohimban-16-carboxylic acid, 11,17-dimethoxy-18-[(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzoyl)oxy]-, methyl ester,(3beta,16beta,17alpha,18beta, 20alpha)-

U249 1314-84-7 Zinc phosphide, Zn3P2, when present atconcentrations of 10% or less

1 CAS Number given for parent compound only.

HWMP - APPENDIX B

NON-REGULATED CHEMICAL WASTES

Non-Regulated Chemical Waste

CAS# Chemical/Compound Name50817B ASCORBIC ACID7440440A ACTIVATED CARBON58617A ADENOSINE, (-)-9002180A AGAR9012366A AGAROSE302727A ALANINE, DL-56417A ALANINE, L-338692A ALANINE-DUOFM1485A ALCONOX9005327A ALGINIC ACID9005383A ALGINIC ACID, SODIUM SALT12141467B ALUMINUM SILICATE10102713A ALUMINUM SODIUM SULFATE10043013S ALUMINUM SULFATE, Anhydrous solid9000026A AMBER9002260A AMBERLITE IRA-410CP56406B AMINOACETIC ACID9037223A AMIOCA7722761A AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC7783280A AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC528949A AMMONIUM SALICYLATE1002897A AMMONIUM STEARATE7783202A AMMONIUM SULFATE42739388A AMMONIUM VALERATE7631869C AMORPHOUS FUMED SILICA9037223B AMYLOPECTIN31566311B ARLACEL50817A ASCORBIC ACID, L-5794138A ASPARAGINE HYDRATE, (L)-617458A ASPARTIC ACID, DL-UOFM1252A ASPHALT112856A BEHENIC ACID12141467A BENTONITE2447576B BENEZENESULFONAMIDE, 4-AMINO

N-(5,6-DIMETHOXY-4-PYRIMIDINYL)121346C BENZOIC ACID, 4-HYDROXY-3-METHOXY9012366B BIO-GEL AUOFM235A BIO-LYTE AMPHOLXLES AND GELS813934A BISMUTH CITRATEUOFM1252B BITUMEN7758874B BONE FLOUR507700a BORNEOL12069328A BORON CARBIDE7631869B CAB-O-SIL62544A CALCIUM ACETATE12007566A CALCIUM BORATE4714341A CALCIUM CARBONATE10043524A CALCIUM CHLORIDE10035048A CALCIUM CHLORIDE DIHYDRATE62339B CALCIUM DISODIUM EDTA

62339A CALCIUM DISODIU VERSENATE299285A CALCIUM GLYCEROPHOSPHATE10102688A CALCIUM IODIDE814802A CALCIUM LACTATE142176A CALCIUM OLEATE137086A CALCIUM PANTOTHENATE7789777A CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC7758238A CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC7758874A CALCIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC7778189A CALCIUM SULFATE10101414A CALCIUM SULFATE DIHYDATE1333864A CARBON DIOXIDE409212A CARBORUNDUM37225266A CARBOWAX9004324C CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE9004324A CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE, (Sodium Salt)461052A CARNITINE HYDROCHLORIDE7235407 CAROTENE, TRANS-BETA-UOFM1274A CASEIN HYDROLYSATE9005463A CASEIN, SODIUM COMPLEX68855549A CELITE9004324B CELLEX9004357A CELLULOSE ACETATE9004368A CELLULOSE ACETATE BUTYRATEUOFM1278A CELLULOSE PHOSPHATE9004346A CELLULOSE POWDER1306383A CERIUM (IV) OXIDE7647178A CESIUM CHLORIDE7440440C CHARCOAL OR16291966A CHARCOAL, ANIMAL BONEUOFM1146A CHELATING AGENT1406651A CHLOROPHYL604353A CHOLESTERYL ACETATE5808140A CHOLIC ACID62497A CHOLINE77929A CITRIC ACID68042B CITRIC ACID TRISODIUM SALT DIHYDRATE68647869A COCOANUT CHARCOAL8029434A CORN SYRUP9002602A CORTICOTROPIN60275A CREATININE68199A CYANOCOBALAMINE10016203A CYCLODEXTRIN HYDRATE, ALPHA-10016203B CYCLOHEXAAMYLOSE923320B CYSTINE923320A CYSTINE, DL-84526B CYTIDINE-3-MONOPHOSPHATE84526A CYTIDYLIC ACID, 3-71307A CYTOSINEUOFM1277A DEAE CELLULOSE9003989A DEOXYRIBONUCLEASE9011181A DEXTRAN SULFATE9004540A DEXTRAN T 70

9004539A DEXTRIN492626B DEXTROSE68855549B DIATOMACEOUS EARTH7758794A DISODIUM PHOSPHATE3325006A DL-ALPHA-GLYCEROPHOSPHATE59927B DOPA, L-10034998B EPSOM SALT2338058A FERRIC CITRATE10045860A FERRIC PHOSPHATE9007732A FERRITIN299296A FERROUS GLUCONATE1345251A FERROUS OXIDE9001905A FIBRINOLYSIN9001336A FICIN61790532A FILTER AGENT, CELITE1343880A FLORISIL3385033A FLUNISOLIDE HEMIHYDRATE2321075A FLUOROSCEINUOFM233A FOOD FLAVORINGS AND OILS26177855A FRUCTOSE 1,6-DIPHOSPHATE DS SALT57487A FRUCTOSE, D-643130A FRUCTOSE-6-PHOSPHATE8031183A FULLER'S EARTH59234A GALACTOSE, D-(+)526998B GALACTRIC ACID9000708A GELATIN77065A GIBBERELIC ACID9007834A GLOBULIN, GAMMA-299274B GLUCONIC ACID, POTASSIUM SALT604682A GLUCOSE PENTAACETATE, ALPHA-D-604693A GLUCOSE PENTAACETATE, BETA-D-492626A GLUCOSE, ALPHA-D50997A GLUCOSE, D-(+)-5996145A GLUCOSE-1-PHOSPHATE, ALPHA56860A GLUTAMIC ACID, L-56859A GLUTAMINE, L-110941A GLUTARIC ACID50812378A GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE819830A GLYCEROL 2-PHOSPHATE, DISODIUM SALT HYDRATE31566311A GLYCERYL MONOSTEARATE56406A GLYCINE9005792A GLUCOGEN556503A GLYCYLGLYCINE7782425A GRAPHITE POWDER73405A GUANINE118003A GUANOSINE9000015A GUM ARABIC9000059A GUM BENZOIN90000286A GUM GHATTI90000297A GUM GUAIC90000651A GUM TRAGACANTH10101414B GYPSUM9008020A HEMOGLOBIN

9005496A HEPARIN51456A HISTAMINE56928A HISTAMINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE6341248A HISTIDINE MONOHYDROCHLORIDE

MONOHYDRATE121346A HYDROXY-3-METHOXYBENZOIC ACID618279A HYDROXY-L-PROLINE, CIS-4-51354A HYDROXY-L-PROLINE, TRANS-4-9004620A HYDROXYETHYL CELLULOSE58639A INOSINE, (-)-87898A INOSITOL9005805A INULIN1637736A ISOCITRIC ACID, TRISODIUM SALT HYDRATE, DL73325A ISOLEUCINE, L-1332587A KAOLIN9008188A KERATINUOFM160A KODALITH DEVELOPER PART A63423A LACTOSE, BETA-D-8006540A LANOLIN, WOOL FATUOFM91A LECITHIN8002435A LECITHIN61905A LEUCINE, L-7447418A LITHIUM CHLORIDE1393926A LITMUS BLUE1393926 B LITMUS, INDICATOR9001632A LUSOZYME657272A LYSINE MONOHYDRACHLORIDE, L-56871A LYSINE, L-12650883A LYSOZYME142723A MAGNESIUM ACETATE546930B MAGNESIUM CARBONATE BASIC3409820A MAGNESIUM CARBONATE, BASIC7786303A MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE7757860A MAGNESIUM PHOSPHATE TRIBASE7487889A MAGNESIUM SULFATE10034998A MAGNESIUM SULFATE HEPTAHYDRATE9050366A MALTODEXTRIN6363537A MALTOSE MONOHYDRATE, D-69658A MANNITOL, D-59518A METHIONINE, DL-63683A METHIONINE, L-9004675A METHYL CELLULOSE15507763A METHYL HISTIDINE, L-1-111820A METHYL LAURATE368161A METHYL-L-HISTIDINE555306A METHYLDOPA617049A METHYMANNOSIDE, ALPHA526998A MUCIC ACID42200339A NADOLOL604591A NAPHTHOFLAVONE, ALPHA98920B NIACINAMIDE98920A NICOTINAMIDE

53598A NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE

59676A NICOTINIC ACID744044B NORIT A, ACTIVATED CARBON63428831A NYLON8049476A PANCREATIN9001734A PAPAIN9002646A PARTHYROID HORMONE9001756A PEPSIN POWDERUOFM77A PETROLATUM150301A PHENYLALANINE, DL-8002435B PHOSPHATIDYL CHOLINE, L-ALPHA9001905B PLASMIN9003490A POLY(BUTYL ACRYLATE), LIQUID25322683A POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL), SOLID9002884A POLY(ETHYLENE), SOLID9003274A POLY(ISOBUTYLENE), SOLID9003310A POLY(ISOPRENE), SOLID9011147A POLY(METHYL METHACRYLATE)25704181A POLY(SODIUM 4-STYRENESULFONATE9002895A POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL), SOLID9003332A POLY(VINYL FORMAL), SOLID9003398A POLY(VINYL PYRROLIDONE), SOLID9002817A POLYACETYL, SOLID9003014A POLYACRYLIC ACID, SOLID9003172A POLYBUTADIENE, CIS-, SOLIDUOFM15A POLYOLS AND POLYURETHANES9003207A POLYVINYL ACETATE, SOLID127082A POTASSIUM ACETATE298146A POTASSIUM BICARBONATE1310618A POTASSIUM BISULFITE868144A POTASSIUM BITARTRATE584087A POTASSIUM CARBONATE7447407A POTASSIUM CHLORIDE866842A POTASSIUM CITRATE299274A POTASSIUM FORMATE868144B POTASSIUM HYDROGEN TARTRATE7681110A POTASSIUM IODIDE16788571A POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE DIBASIC TRIHYDRATE7778770A POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC, ANHYDROUS7758114A POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC, ANHYDROUS7778532A POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE, TRIBASIC7320345A POTASSIUM PYROPHOSPHATE, TETRA304596A POTASSIUM SODIUM TARTRATE7778805A POTASSIUM SULFATE12045782A POTASSIUM TETRABORATE, TETRAHYDRATE50865015A PROTOPORPHYRIN IX, SODIUM SALT83885B RIBOFLAVIN146178A RIBOFLAVIN-5-PHOSPHATE8050097A ROSIN, POWDER69727A SALICYLIC ACID11081406A SEPHADEX G-15, FOR GEL FILTRATION302841A SERINE, DL-

56451A SERINE, L-7631869D SILICA GEL7699414A SILICIC ACID409212B SILICON CARBIDE7631869A SILICON DIOXIDE9016006A SILICONE RUBBER, SOLID127093A SODIUM ACETATE134032A SODIUM ASCORBATE144558A SODIUM BICARBONATE497198A SODIUM CARBONATE9038419A SODIUM CELLULOSE PHOSPHATE7647145A SODIUM CHLORIDE361091A SODIUM CHOLATE68042A SODIUM CITRATE7681825A SODIUM IODIDE13517061A SODIUM IODIDE DIHYDRATE10361032A SODIUM METAPHOPHATE143191A SODIUM OLEATE7558794A SODIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC, ANHYDROUS10039324B SODIUM PHOSPHATE DIBASIC DODECAHYDRATE10049215A SODIUM PHOSPHATE MONOBASIC MONOHYDRATE10101890A SODIUM PHOSPHATE TRIBASIC DODECAHYDRATE10039324A SODIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC7782856A SODIUM PHOSPHATE, DIBASIC, HEPTAHYDRATE7558807A SODIUM PHOSPHATE, MONOBASIC, ANHYDROUS50813166A SODIUM POLYMETAPHOSPHATE9080799A SODIUM POLYSTYRENE SULFONATE7782696A SODIUM POTASSIUM PHOSPHATE304596B SODIUM POTASSIUM TARTRATE7722885A SODIUM PYROPHOSPHATE1344098A SODIUM SILICATE868188A SODIUM TARTRATE14986846A SODIUM TETRAPHOSPHATE12034343A SODIUM TITANATE7785844A SODIUM TRIMETAPHOSPHATE13472452A SODIUM TUNGSTATE50704A SORBITOL, D-87796A SORBOSE, L-(-)-UOFM1123A STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN9005258A STARCH, ELECTROPHORESIS9005849A STARCH, SOLUBLE9001621A STEAPSIN1633052A STRONTIUM CARBONATE57501A SUCROSE2447576A SULFADOXINE12070063A TANTALUM CARBIDE87694A TARTARIC ACID, L(+)-67038A THIAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE80682A THREONINE, DL-72195A THREONINE, L-9005849B THYODENE13463677A TITANIUM DIOXIDE7758874C TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE

7601549A TRISODIUM PHOSPHATE, INDICATOR9002077A TRYPSIN51672C TYROSINE, D-556025A TYROSINE, DL-60184A TYROSINE, L-9002124A URICASE58968A URIDINE72184A VALINE, L-121346B VANILLIC ACID121335A VANILLIN68199B VITAMIN B1283885A VITAMIN B27695912B VITAMIN E59029B VITAMIN E83705A VITAMIN K-569896A XANTHINE9010666A ZEIN7779900A ZINC PHOSPHATE

2. Liquid Unknown Chemical Characterization Procedure

Required Supplies:4 test tubesPetri dish or watch glassDeionized waterpH paperStarch paper (potassium iodide) or peroxide test stripsCyantesmo stripsSulfide test paper3 N Hydrochloric AcidConcentrated Sulfuric Acid

1. Perform all characterization procedures in a working fume hood. Record the physical description of the sample

on the waste characterization tag. It is prudent to keep a record of all physical and chemical tests and

observations in a permanent logbook for future reference.

2. Air Reactivity Test. Remove a small quantity of liquid unknown from the container and expose to the

atmosphere under the hood. A reaction will occur within 30 seconds if the unknown is air reactive. Record the

result on the characterization tag. If the unknown sample is air reactive, discontinue the testing procedure and

go to step 10.

3. Set up 4 test tubes in a rack under a fume hood. Label as D (solubility), pH (corrosivity), C (cyanide), and S

(sulfide) respectively. For safety, only characterize 1 unknown at a time.

4. Solubility Test. Half fill the test tube labeled D with deionized water. Add approximately 1 ml of the unknown

liquid to the test tube. Record the results on the characterization tag. If the unknown reacts violently, label as

water reactive and advance to step 10.

Note: Liquids that float are indicative of organic compounds with shorter carbon chains. Liquids that sinkare indicative of longer carbon chains and or halogenated organic compounds. Organic compounds that aremiscible with water are indicative of alcohols or ketones.

5. Corrosivity Test. Transfer a 1 –5 ml sample of unknown liquid into the test tube labeled pH. Place the tip of a

piece of pH paper into the unknown liquid. Compare the color change of the paper to the table provided by the

pH paper manufacturer. Record the results on the characterization tag.

6. Oxidizer Test. Place approximately 1 ml of unknown liquid on a watch glass or petri dish. Place 1 drop of 3 N

hydrochloric acid on a piece of starch paper. Gently dip the starch paper into the unknown. A positive oxidizer

test will turn the starch paper blue or black. Alternatively, peroxide test strips can be used. Follow the

manufacturer guidelines when using peroxide test strips. Record the results on the characterization tag.

7. Cyanides. Add 1 ml of unknown to the test tube labeled C. Using a disposable eyedropper, gently release 3

drops of sulfuric acid down the inside surface of the test tube. Place the tip of a cyantesmo test strip into the

unknown liquid and acid solution. Remove the strip from the solution and let it develop for 5 minutes. The

center of the paper will turn blue if hydrogen cyanide gas is present. Record the result on the characterization

tag.

8. Sulfides. Add 1 ml of unknown to the test tube labeled S. Using a disposable eyedropper, gently release 3

drops of sulfuric acid down the inside surface of the test tube. Place the tip of a strip of lead acetate paper into

the solution in the test tube. A positive result for sulfide will turn the test paper brown. Record the result on

the characterization tag.

9. Flash Point Determination. Flash point can be determined by analyzing the information collected from the

other tests. If the unknown reacts with water, and has a pH range of 4-10, and tests positive for sulfides,

cyanides, or oxidizers, then assume a flash point of less than 140 F. If the unknown does not react with water,

and has a pH less than 4 or greater than 10, and tests negative for cyanides, sulfides, and oxidizers, assume its

pH is greater than 140 F. Record the result on the characterization tag.

10. Request for Pick-up. Attach the completed unknown characterization label (available from the OEHS) to the

unknown and call the OEHS (6875) to request a pick-up as soon as possible.

3. Solid Unknown Chemical Characterization Procedure

Required Supplies:3 test tubesPetri dish or watch glassDeionized waterpH paperStarch paper (potassium iodide paper) or peroxide test stripsCyantesmo stripsSulfide test paper3 N Hydrochloric AcidConcentrated Sulfuric Acid

1. Perform all characterization procedures in a working fume hood. Record the physical description of the sample

on the waste characterization tag. It is prudent to keep a record of all physical and chemical tests and

observations in a permanent logbook for future reference.

2. Air Reactivity Test. Remove approximately 0.10 g of unknown solid from the container and expose to the

atmosphere under the hood. A reaction will occur within 30 seconds if the unknown is air reactive. Record the

result on the characterization tag. If the unknown sample is air reactive, discontinue the testing procedure and

go to step 10.

3. Set up 3 test tubes in a rack under a fume hood. Label as D (solubility), C (cyanide), and S (sulfide)

respectively. Add deionized water to half fill each test tube. For safety, only characterize 1 unknown at a time.

4. Solubility Test. Place approximately 0.25 g of unknown solid into the test tube labeled D. Record any reaction

e.g., if the sample floats, sinks, dissolves or reacts. If the sample reacts violently, discontinue or stop the

characterization procedures. Label as water reactive on the characterization tag and advance to step 10.

5. Corrosivity Test. If the unknown is soluble in water, use the test tube labeled D to determine the pH of the

unknown. For solids that are not soluble in water, place approximately 0.5 g of the unknown on a watch glass

or petri dish. Add 1-5 ml water to the unknown. Place the tip of a piece of pH paper into the unknown and

water solution in the test tube or the prepared non-soluble unknown sample. Compare the color change of the

pH paper to the table provided by the pH paper manufacturer. Record the results on the characterization tag.

6. Oxidizer Test. Place a small amount of unknown on a watch glass or petri dish. Place 1 drop of 3 N

hydrochloric acid on a piece of starch paper. Gently touch the tip of the starch paper into the unknown. A

positive test indicates the presence of an oxidizer by turning the starch paper blue or black. Alternatively,

peroxide test strips can be used. Follow the manufacturer guidelines when using peroxide test strips. Record

the results on the characterization tag.

7. Cyanide Test. Carefully add approximately 0.25 g of unknown to the test tube labeled C. Using a disposable

eyedropper, gently release 3 drops of sulfuric acid down the inside surface of this test tube. Place the tip of

cyantesmo test strip into the unknown solution. Remove and let the strip develop for 5 minutes. A positive test

for cyanide will yield a blue coloration of the center of the cyantesmo test strip. Immersion of the whole strip

into the solution will negatively affect the result. Record the result on the characterization tag.

8. Sulfide Test. Carefully add approximately 0.25 g of unknown to the test tube labeled S. Using a disposable

eyedropper, gently release 3 drops of sulfuric acid down the inside surface of this test tube. Place the tip of a

piece of lead acetate paper into the unknown solution. A positive test for sulfide will turn brown the lead

acetate paper brown. Do not immerse the whole strip in the solution, as this will negatively affect the result.

Record the result on the characterization tag.

9. Flash Point Determination. Flash point can be determined by analyzing the information collected from the

other tests. If the unknown reacts with water, and has a pH range of 4-10, and tests positive for sulfides,

cyanides, or oxidizers, then assume a flash point of less than 140 F. If the unknown does not react with water,

and has a pH less than 4 or greater than 10, and tests negative for cyanides, sulfides, and oxidizers, assume its

pH is greater than 140 F. Record the result on the characterization tag.

10. Request for Pick-up. Attach the completed unknown characterization label (available from the OEHS) to the

sample and call the OEHS (6875) to request a pick-up as soon as possible.

Appendix C

1. Laboratory Environmental Health and Safety Audit Form

Appendix D

1. Chemical Disposal Manifest2. Chemical Disposal Manifest Directions3. Laboratory Close Out Checklist

2. Instructions for Completion of the UAH Chemical Waste Manifest

Information concerning chemical disposal services can be found in the UAH Hazardous Waste Management Plan.

1. Generator Name: Print the first and last name of the principal investigator, the lab director or person whois responsible for and knows the hazards of the waste that is generated2. Generator Number: Number that is assigned by the Office of Environmental Health and Safety (OEHS)which corresponds to the generator’s building and room.3. Building and Room: Building and room where waste will be picked up.4. Department: The department generating the waste.5. Telephone: The telephone number of the Generator6. Date: The date the manifest was prepared for shipment.7. Person Completing Manifest: The name of the person completing the manifest and preparing the wastefor OEHS pickup8. Chemical Compound: Identity of the compound or components of a mixture. Use one line for each wastesubstance. If the material is part of a waste mixture, draw brackets on the left of the first mixture component andafter the last component. For example: [methanol, water, acetic acid].9. Percent: Amount of this component in a mixture (estimate as closely as possible).10. Physical Form: Liquid, gas, solid or aerosol.11. Container Size: Record the size of container. Use the metric system units. Solids in grams (one pound =454 g), liquids in liters (1.06 quarts = 1 liter).12. ContainerType: Glass bottle, plastic carboy, metal can, etc.13. Number of containers: How many.14. Chemical Hazard Code (FOR OEHS USE ONLY): Code utilized by the OEHS in categorizing waste15. Control Number (FOR OEHS USE ONLY): To be assigned by the OEHS.16. Generator Signature: Signature of the responsible party.

General Information:One copy of the manifest must be placed on the outside of each box of waste components.To have materials picked up, send the original copy of the manifest to the OEHS. Keep a second copy as yourrecord of waste disposal.

NOTE: Shock sensitive and water reactive materials require special handling. Call the OEHS at 2352 forinstructions

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