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The Perspective ofTechnology

Education

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The Study of Technology

Many countries in the world have

been and are now implementing the

study of technology.

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In the United States as well as

in other countries, there isconfusion about the term“technology.”

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In 2001 and 2004, The

International TechnologyEducation Association (ITEA)

conducted polls which weredone by the GallupOrganization on how

Americans think abouttechnology.

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In both polls, a majority ofAmericans (62% in 2004 and

59% in 2001) responded thatscience and technology are

basically one and the samething.

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When asked how importantit is for high school students

to understand the

relationship between scienceand technology, 98% of the

Americans stated that theythought that this was “very

or somewhat important”.

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Most Americans (68% in 2004& 67% in 2001) view

technology very narrowly asbeing computers, electronics,

and the internet.

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There was near totalconsensus (98% in 2004 &

97% in 2001) in the publicsampled that schools should

include the study oftechnology in the curriculum.

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What is Science?

What is Technology?

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Science seeks tounderstand the natural

world. National Science

Education Standards ,National ResearchCouncil, 1996.

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What is Technology?

It is the innovation, change, ormodification of the natural environmentin order to satisfy perceived human

wants and needs. (Standards for Technological Literacy , ITEA, 2000)

The goal of technology is to makemodifications in the world to meethuman needs. (National Science Education Standards , NRC, 1996)

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What is Technology ?(Continued)

In the broadest sense, technology extendsour abilities to change the world: to cut,shape, or put together materials; to move

things from one place to another; to reachfarther with our hands, voices, and senses.(Benchmarks for Science Literacy , AAAS,1993)

Technology is the process by which humansmodify nature to meet their needs and wants.(Technically Speaking: Why All Americans Need to Know More About Technology ,NAE/NRC, 2002)

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Science vs. Technology

Deals with the naturalworld.

Is very concerned withwhat is (exists) in thenatural world. (i.e.:Biology, Chemistry,Physics, Astronomy,Geology, etc.)

Deals with how humansmodify, change, alter, orcontrol the natural world.

Is very concerned with whatcan or should be designed,made, or developed fromnatural world materials andsubstances to satisfy humanneeds and wants

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Science vs. Technology(Continued)

Is concerned withprocesses that seekout the meaning of

the natural world by“inquiry”, “discovering whatis”, “exploring”, and

using “the ScientificMethod”.

Is concerned withsuch processes thatwe use to

alter/change thenatural world such as“Invention”,

Innovation”,

Practical ProblemSolving, and Design.

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While technology and science

have a common denominatorbeing the natural world, they

are similar yet very different.

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Techno-Science

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Technology Education

This is the school subjectspecifically designed to teach

children about the broad field oftechnology.

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Technology Education (the study of

technology) should NOT beconfused with InformationTechnology or Educational (or

instructional) Technology!

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So what is“Technological Literacy?”

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Technological literacy is the ability

to use, manage, evaluate, andunderstand technology.

Technology Literacy for All: A Rationale and Study for the Study of Technology (2006)

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Who is a technologicallyliterate person?

One that understands:What technology is

How technology is created

How the use of technology shapes society andin turn,

How society shapes the development oftechnology

A person who is comfortable with and objectiveabout the use of technology – neither scared ofit nor infatuated with it.

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Technological literacyinvolves: Much more than a knowledgeabout computers and digital

electronics.

Gaining a degree of knowledgeabout the nature, behavior, power,

and consequences of technologyfrom a real world perspective.

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There is a growing movement in

the U. S. to teach the integrativesubjects of Science, Technology,

Engineering, and Mathematics(STEM).

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So how do we educate ourcitizens to be

technologically literate?

??

?

?

?? ?

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What Content should betaught in the study of

technology that willprovide technological

literacy for all students?

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Standards for Technological Literacy (STL)(ITEA,2000,2002/2007) presents the contentfor what every studentshould know and be

able to do in order tobe technologicallyliterate.

www.iteaconnect.org

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Standards

STL Standards are twenty written

statements about what is valued that canbe used for making a judgment of quality.

Standards represent fundamentalconcepts.

The goal is to meet all of the standards inGrades K-12.

STL Standards were written around fivemajor organizers or categories.

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Nature of Technology

Students will develop an understanding ofthe characteristics and scope of technology.

Students will develop an understanding ofthe core concepts of technology.

Students will develop an understanding ofthe relationships among technologies andthe connection between technology and

other fields of study.

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Technology and Society Students will develop an understanding of

the cultural, social, economic, and political

effects of technology. Students will develop an understanding of

the effects of technology on theenvironment.

Students will develop an understanding ofthe role of society in the development anduse of technology.

Students will develop an understanding of

the influence of technology on history.

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Design

Students will develop an understandingof the attributes of design.

Students will develop an understandingof engineering design.

Students will develop an understandingof the role of troubleshooting, researchand development, invention and

innovation, and experimentation inproblem solving.

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Abilities for a TechnologicalWorld

Students will develop the abilities to applythe design process.

Students will develop the abilities to useand maintain technological products andsystems.

Students will develop the abilities to

assess the impact of products andsystems.

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The Designed World

Students will develop an understanding ofand be able to select and use medicaltechnologies.

Students will develop an understanding ofand be able to select and use agriculturaland related biotechnologies.

Students will develop an understanding of

and be able to select and use energy andpower technologies.

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The Designed World (Cont.)

Students will develop anunderstanding of and be able toselect and use information and

communication technologies. Students will develop an

understanding of and be able toselect and use transportationtechnologies.

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The Designed World (Cont.)

Students will develop anunderstanding of and be able toselect and use manufacturing

technologies. Students will develop an

understanding of and be able toselect and use constructiontechnologies.

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Benchmarks

Benchmarks in STL are specificrequirements or enablers for eachgrade level (K-2, 3-5, 6-8, & 9-12)

that identify what needs to be donein order to meet a given standard.

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A Sample Standard &

Benchmark Standard 11:

Students will develop abilities to apply adesign process.

Grades K-2 Benchmark in Standard 11:Build or construct an object using a

design process.

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In conclusion… The power and promise of

technology can be furtherenhanced through the study oftechnology to assure that all

people are technologically literatein the future.

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Thank You!

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