kwazulu natal rovincial polio e endgame symposium · the polio eradication initiative • to...
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KWAZULU‐NATAL PROVINCIALPOLIO ERADICATION & ENDGAME
SYMPOSIUM
N H McKerrowKZN DoH
WELCOME
• Provincial Polio Eradication & Endgame Symposium
• Target– Senior managers in health services– Practitioners working with children– External stakeholders who support the KZN DoH
• To: –Update on Global Polio Eradication and and Endgame Strategic Plan (PESP)–Ensure effective implementation in KZN
1
Slide 2
1 Sinenhle Myeni, 02/09/2015
POLIO
• Present in ancient Egypt 1400 BC• 1800s sporadic cases• 1900s epidemic proportions
– Paradoxical rise in association with improved hygiene
• Clinical– 98% asymptomatic / mild viral illness– 1‐2% paralytic– Death 2o to respiratory paralysis
20TH CENTURY FEAR
• Summer epidemics every few years
• Temporary or permanent paralysis or death
• Survivors disabled for life
• Permanent visible reminder
Infantile paralysis
• “….the outbreaks were accompanied by a great deal of emotional terror: not the mass
• hysteria which characterised the black plague of the 14th century, but a quiet dread in the minds of parents who lived with the fear that at any time poliomyelitis could paralyse or kill their children.”
• Klein: Trial by Fury: The Polio Vaccine Controversy
TIMELINES
• 1905• 1908
• 1929• 1931
• 1935• 1952• 1955• 1960
Contagious nature of polio discoveredPoliovirus identified
1950 visualized under electron microscope Iron lung (Drinker respirator)More than 1 type of polio suspected
1949 3 strains identified1st polio vaccine trialsSurge in polio casesSalk vaccine trialsSabine vaccine
• 1988• 1994• 2000• 2002• 2014
Global Polio Eradication InitiativePolio eliminated in the Americas99% reduction in polio casesPolio eradicated in EuropeSE Asia polio freeLast polio case in Africa (Nigeria)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
1950 1956 1962 1968 1974 1980 1986 1992 1998
Cas
esInactivated vaccine
Live oral vaccine
Last indigenous case
POLIOMYELITIS IN AMERICA
GLOBAL DECLINE
STATUS 01/09/2015
Global 37/148WPV1 37/148WPV3 0 /0
Afghanistan 8/8Nigeria 0/6Pakistan 29/117
CURRENT STATUS
RSA1948
POLIOMYELITIS IN SOUTH AFRICA
• Pre 1918• 1918• 1944/5• 1948
• 1956• 1989• 1996• 2015
Sporadic casesFirst extensive epidemic ‐WWISecond severe epidemic ‐WWII.Severe epidemic
>3,000 cases >200 deaths
Neil McKerrow born into vaccinated societyLast 3 polio cases in RSARSA declared polio freeNational PEESP Summit
20th October 1996: Global Certification
CommissionSouth Africa certified polio
free
FUTURE OPTIONS
CONTROL VS ERADICATION
ERADICATION AND ENDGAME TIMELINE
OBJECTIVES OF SYMPOSIUM• To strengthen cooperation between all stakeholder for the Polio Eradication Initiative
• To provide an:– Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication.– Outline of the Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan (PEESP) 2013 to 2018
– Overview of the RSA implementation strategy
• To prepare health workers for the provincial roll out – Vaccine switch– Ongoing surveillance– Viral containment
HOPEFULLY……….To build a community of individuals who are:
informedinvolved committed
To the Polio Eradication Agenda
And
Who will play their part in ensuring a Polio Free World.