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KWAZULUNATAL PROVINCIAL POLIO ERADICATION & ENDGAME S YMPOSIUM N H McKerrow KZN DoH

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Page 1: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

KWAZULU‐NATAL PROVINCIALPOLIO ERADICATION & ENDGAME

SYMPOSIUM

N H McKerrowKZN DoH

Page 2: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

WELCOME

• Provincial Polio Eradication & Endgame Symposium

• Target– Senior managers in health services– Practitioners working with children– External stakeholders who support the KZN DoH

• To: –Update on Global  Polio Eradication and and Endgame Strategic Plan (PESP)–Ensure effective implementation in KZN     

1

Page 3: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

Slide 2

1 Sinenhle Myeni, 02/09/2015

Page 4: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

POLIO

• Present in ancient Egypt 1400 BC• 1800s sporadic cases• 1900s epidemic proportions

– Paradoxical rise in association with improved hygiene

• Clinical– 98% asymptomatic / mild viral illness– 1‐2% paralytic– Death 2o to respiratory paralysis

Page 5: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

20TH CENTURY FEAR

• Summer epidemics every few years

• Temporary or permanent paralysis or death

• Survivors disabled for life

• Permanent  visible reminder

Infantile paralysis

• “….the outbreaks were accompanied by a great deal of emotional terror: not the mass

• hysteria which characterised the black plague of the 14th century, but a quiet dread in the minds of parents  who lived with the fear that at any time poliomyelitis could paralyse or kill their children.”

• Klein: Trial by Fury: The Polio Vaccine Controversy

Page 6: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

TIMELINES

• 1905• 1908

• 1929• 1931

• 1935• 1952• 1955• 1960

Contagious nature of polio discoveredPoliovirus identified

1950 visualized under electron microscope Iron lung (Drinker respirator)More than 1 type of polio suspected

1949 3 strains identified1st polio vaccine trialsSurge in polio casesSalk vaccine trialsSabine vaccine

Page 7: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio
Page 8: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

• 1988• 1994• 2000• 2002• 2014

Global Polio Eradication InitiativePolio eliminated in the Americas99% reduction in polio casesPolio eradicated in EuropeSE Asia polio freeLast polio case in Africa (Nigeria)

Page 9: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

1950 1956 1962 1968 1974 1980 1986 1992 1998

Cas

esInactivated vaccine

Live oral vaccine

Last indigenous case

POLIOMYELITIS IN AMERICA

Page 10: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

GLOBAL DECLINE

Page 11: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

STATUS 01/09/2015

Global 37/148WPV1 37/148WPV3 0 /0

Afghanistan 8/8Nigeria 0/6Pakistan 29/117

CURRENT STATUS

Page 12: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

RSA1948

Page 13: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

POLIOMYELITIS IN SOUTH AFRICA

• Pre 1918• 1918• 1944/5• 1948

• 1956• 1989• 1996• 2015

Sporadic casesFirst extensive epidemic ‐WWISecond severe epidemic ‐WWII.Severe epidemic

>3,000 cases >200 deaths

Neil McKerrow born into vaccinated societyLast 3 polio cases in RSARSA declared polio freeNational PEESP Summit

Page 14: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

20th October 1996: Global Certification 

CommissionSouth Africa certified polio 

free

Page 15: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio
Page 16: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

FUTURE OPTIONS

Page 17: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

CONTROL VS ERADICATION

Page 18: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

ERADICATION AND ENDGAME TIMELINE

Page 19: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

OBJECTIVES OF SYMPOSIUM• To strengthen cooperation between all stakeholder for the Polio Eradication Initiative 

• To provide an:– Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication.– Outline of the Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan (PEESP) 2013 to 2018 

– Overview of the RSA implementation strategy

• To prepare health workers for the provincial roll out – Vaccine switch– Ongoing surveillance– Viral containment

Page 20: KWAZULU NATAL ROVINCIAL POLIO E ENDGAME SYMPOSIUM · the Polio Eradication Initiative • To provide an: – Update on the Global Status of Polio Eradication. – Outline of the Polio

HOPEFULLY……….To  build a community of individuals  who are:

informedinvolved committed 

To the Polio Eradication Agenda

And

Who will play their part in ensuring a Polio Free World.