ASeminar

onPractical Training

Taken at

KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWERSTATION

During

21th July 2008 to 4th Augest 2008

By DIVESH KACOLIA

IV B.E. VII Sem. Electrical Engg.

in the partial fulfillment for award the degree of

Bachelor of EngineeringFrom

University of Rajasthan, Jaipur

Submitted to

Department of Electrical EngineeringJaipur Engineering College & Research Center

Session 2008-2009

CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ABOUT KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWER STATION

2. ENERGY GENERATED IN KSTPS 3. ELECTRICITY GENERATION AT KSTPS 4. COAL HANDING PLANT 5. PULVERISING PLANT 6. BOILER 7. TURBINE 8. DC SYSTEM 9. ECONOMISER 10. GENARATOR 11. TRANSFORMER 12. CHIMNEY 13. COOLING TOWER 14. D.M. WATER PLANT 15. WATER TREATMENT PLANT 16. CONTROL ROOM 17. PROTECTION 18. CONCLUSION

Introduction

LOCATION SAKATPURA,KOTA

K.T.P.S is designed in four stages

STAGE l 2 x 110MW STAGE ll 2 x 210MW STAGE lll 1 x 210MW STAGE lV 1 x 195MW

1045MWTOTAL

ENERGY GENERATED IN KSTPS

TOTAL CAPACITY =1045MW TOTAL GENERATED ELECTRICITY PER HOUR =1045*HR. =10.45 LACS UNITS AMOUNT OF ENERGY GENERATED DAILY =10.45*24 =250.8 LACS UNITS COAL REQUIRED OF ONE UNIT =0.5 KG. SO AMOUNT OF COAL(PER DAY) =0.5*250.8*100000 KG. =125.4 MILLION KG. 5 TRAINS OF COAL SUPPLY THIS AMOUNT OF COAL DAILY

ELECTRICITY GNERATION AT KSTPS

THERMAL POWER STATION BURNS THE FUEL AND USE THE RESULTENT HEAT TO RAISE THE STEAM WHICH DRIVES THE TURBO GENERATOR

COAL STORAGE

COAL HANDLING

BOILER

FURNANCE

AIRAIR PREHEATER

FORCED DRAFT FAN

CHIMNEY

EXHAUT

ASH HANDING

ASH STORAGE

SUPER HEATER

TURBINE

CKT BREAKER

CONDESERFWH

RAW WATER TANK

COAL HANDLING PLANT

THE COAL FOR RECEIVED FROM BHARAT COKING COAL LTD. DHANBAD & SOUTH EASTERN COAL FIELD LTD. BILAS PUR(M.P.) BY TRAIN.FOLLOWING PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION OF OPERATION ARE POSSIBLE WITH INSTALLED SYS.

1. TO TRANSFER ALL CRUSHED COAL RECIVED FROM CRUSHER HOUSE TO LIVE STORAGE PIPE.

2. TO TRANSFER PART OF RECEIVED CRUSHED COAL TO PLANT & TO BALANCE TO STROAGE YARD.

3. TO DELIVER THE RAW COAL BUNKERS PAR & RECEIVED CRUSHED COAL MIXED WITH BALANCE COAL FROM THE LIVE STROAGE PIPE.

4.TO TRANSFER THE PLANT CRUSHED COAL AT 750T/HR.FROM THE RECLAIM LIVE PIPE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY STOCK AND S/RAD.

Vibrators

Crusher house(20mm x 20mm)

Stock yardJunction

towerBunkers

Raw Coal Feeder

Coal mills

Boilers

Raw coal from Bharat coking coal ltd (MP)

To KSTPS from Gudla via a single line track

WagonTripler

COAL HANDLING PLANT

PULVERISING PLANT

IN MODERN THERMAL POWER PLANTS COAL IS PULVERISED I.E. GROUND TO DUST LIKE SIZE AND CARRIED TO THE FURNACE IN A STREAM OF A HOT AIR.

ADVANTAGES:-

THE RATE OF COMBUSTION CAN BE CONTROLLED AND CHANGED QUICKLY TO MEET THE VARYING LOAD.

THE PERCENTAGE OF EXCESS AIR REQUIRED IS LOW. AUTOMATIC COMBUSTION CONTROL CAN BE USED. A WIDE VARIETY OF EVEN LOW GRADE COALS CAN BE USED.

BOILER BOILER IS A PLACE THE WATER IS BEING

CONVERTED INTO STEAM WITH BURNING OF COAL.

WATER TUBE BOILER USED IN KSTPS.

TURBINE

Turbine is a machine in which a shaft is rotated steadily by impact or reaction of current or stream of working substance (steam,air,water,gases etc.).

It convert the PE or KE of the working substance into mechanical power by virtue of dynamic action of working substance

Cont..

Steam turbine is used at KTPS

PIC 1: Closer look of steam turbine at KTPS.

DC SYSTEMDC POWER CAN BE STORED IN A BETTERY AND USE IN EMERGENCY.EMERGENCY LIGHTNING,CONTROL & RELAY EQIPMENT,COMMUNICATION ETC.METHOD OF OBTAINING DCRECTIFIER * WHICH CONVERT AC INTO DC * BASIC COMPONENTS ARE DIODE CLASSIFICATION *HALF WAVE RECTIFIER *FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

FLUE GASAE COMING OUT OF THE BOILER CARRY LOT OF HEAT. AN ECONOMISER EXTRACTS A PART OF THESE HEAT FROM THE FLUE GASES AND USES FOR HEATING FEED WATER AND IMPROVERS EFFICIENCY OF PLANT.

FEED WATER OUTLET

FEED WATER INLET

FLUE GASES

FLUE GASES

ECONOMISER

Cont..

28.529

29.530

30.531

31.532

32.533

1st Qtr

WithoutEconomiserWithEconomiser

Efficiency increased by the Economiser

GENERATORGENERATOR IS A M/C WHICH

CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY.THE GENERATOR HAS STATOR IN GAS COLINGTH CONSTRUCTION ENCLOSING THE STATOR WINDING ,CORE,&HYDROGEN COOLERS.

TRANSFORMERX-MER IS A STATIC DEVICE WHICH STEP UP OR DOWN

THE VOLTAGE WITHOUT ANY CHANGE IN FREQUENCY.

THERE ARE VARIOUS X-MER IS USED FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES.

1.GENERATING X-MER

2.UNIT AUXILARY X-MER 3.INSTRUMENT X-MER

(a) CURRENT X-MER (b) POTENTIOL X-MER

4.CAPACITOR VOLTAGE X-MER

CHIMNEY

A SINGLE CHIMNEY OF 180M HEIGHT WITH TWO SEPRATE FLUES FOR THE TWO UNIT EACH OF 110MW IS PROVIDED. SIMILARLY ANOTHER CHIMNEY WITH THREE SEPARATE FLUES IS ALSO PROVIDED FOR ANOTHER THREE UNITS OF 210 MW EACH AND ONE CHIMNEY FOR THE SIXTH UNIT OF 195MW IS ALSO CONSTRUCTED IN 2003.

COOLING TOWER

A COOLING TOWER IS A STEEL OR COCRETE HYPERBOLIC STRUCTURE HAVING A RESERVOIR AT THE BOTTOM FOR STORAGE OF COOLED WATER. WARM WATER IS LED TO THE TOP. AIR FLOWS FROM THE BOTTOM TO THE TOP. THE WATER DROPS FALLING FROM THE TOP COME IN CONTACT WITH AIR, LOSE HEAT TO THE AIR AND GET COOLED.

D.M. WATER PLANTIN D.M. WATER PLANT THE DE-

MINERIALIZATION OF WATER USED IN STEAM GENERATION IN BOILER IS DONE, SO THAT THE IMPURITIES AND UNWANTED MINERALS IN THAT WATER MAY NOT CAUSE ANY HARM TO BOILER AND TURBINE.

WATER TREATMENT PLANTTHE PRINCIPLE PROBLEM IN HIGH PRESSURE BOILER ARE CORROSION AND STEAM IMPURITIES.THESE IMPURITIES FORM DEPOSITE OVER TURBINE BLADES AND NOZZELES.CORROSION COSTS POWER STATION CRORES RUPEES IN REPAIR.

SPACIFICATION OF SCREEN WATER PUMPS

PUMP TYPE HORIZONTAL,CENTRIFUGAL,SINGLE STAGECAPACITY 275 FT.POWER 110 H.P.SPEED 2900 RPMMOTOR 25 H.P.,159 AMP.,VOLTAGE 415 V.LUBRICATION GREASE

CONTROL ROOMIN CONTROL ROOM VARIOUS CONTROLS ARE PROVIDED. SIMULTANEOUELY VARIOUS ARE MADE.VARIOUS RELAYS ARE PROVIDED HERE.THE CONTROL ROOM HAS A SET OF PARAMETERS PANEL FOR INDICATING AND RECORDING VARIOUS DATAS.

CONTROL ROOMCONTROL ROOM PANELS CP-I (1)FAN CONTROL DESK a- I D FAN b-F D FAN c- P AFAN (2)PRESSURE CONTROL DESK a FURNACE PRESSURE b PRIMARY HEADER PRESSURE CP-II FUEL CONTROL DESK (a) COAL OIL FLOW (b) OIL PRESSURE (c) TEMPERATURE OF MILL (d) FLOW OF AIR (e) DIFFERENTIAL PRESSURE OF MILL CP-III (a) DRUM LEVEL CONTROL (b) FLOW OF STEAM &WATER (c) PRESSURE OF STEAM&WATER (d) TEMPERATURE OF STEAM &WATER CP-IV TURBINE DESK ( a) PRESSURE CONTREOL,LOAD MADE CONTROL (b) SPEED CONTROL (C)EJECTORS,CONTROL VALVES,STOP VALVES &DEVITORS CP-V GENERATOR CONTROL PANEL

PROTECTION DIFERENT TYPES OF PROTECTION CAN BE LISTED AS (1)CURRENT OPERATED PROTECTION

(2)DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION

(3)VOLTAGE OPERATED PROTECTION

(4)IMPEDANCE TYPE PROTECTION

(5)FREQENCY TYPE PROTECTION

CONCLUSIONIt was a knowledgeable experience while

taking practical training at KOTA SUPER POWER THERMAL STATION .

It proved an opportunity for encounter with such huge machines like tippler ,turbine and generator. But there are few factors that require special mention.

training proved quite faithful.

THANK YOU