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WHAT IS YOGA?

Bhagavad Gita:2.48. yoga-sthah (established in yoga) kuru (perform) karmani (actions, duties)sangam (attachment, identification) tyaktva (renouncing) dhananjaya (O

Arjuna), siddhi-asiddhyoh (in success and failure) samah bhutva (being alike)samatvam (evenness of mind) yogah (yoga) uchyate (is called).

Established/engaged in yoga, perform all actions and duties without attachmentor identification (without doership), O Arjuna, being unperturbed in success andfailure. This unperturbed evenness of mind is defined as YOGA .

2.50. buddhi-yuktah (endowed with unperturbed evenness) jahati (go beyond)iha (here, now) ubhe (both) sukrita-duskrite (in good and bad actions andreactions) , tasmat (therefore) yogaya (for the sake of yoga) yujyasva (get

involved) yogah (yoga) karmasu (in action) kausalam (is a sublime art).

One endowed with this unperturbed awareness instantly goes beyond the effectsof good and bad actions and reactions. Therefore get yourself involved for thesake of yoga. YOGA is the sublime art of action or sublimated action.

2.53. shruti (scriptural interpretations) vipratipanna (uninfluenced, undistractedby) te (your intellect) yada (when) sthasyati (remains) nischala (steady,unmoved), samadhau (in evenness of consciousness, unperturbed choicelessawareness) achala (unflinching, unwavering) buddhih (intelligence) tada (at that

time) yogam (yoga, self-realization) avapsyasi (you will attain).

When your intelligence, fed up with the scriptural doctrines and their interpretations, settles in steady and unwavering evenness of consciousness,then you will attain YOGA .

4.41. yoga (yoga, communion) sannyasta (renounced, non-attached) karmanam(in the actions) jnana (knowledge, realisation) sanchinna (eliminate) samshayam(confusions, doubts), atma-vantam (poised in oneself) na (not, never) karmani(actions, works) nibadhnanti (do bind up) dhananjaya (O conqueror of riches).

O Arjuna! Accomplishment of actions do not bind one who has abandoned thesense of doership through YOGA , whose confusions and doubts have beendispelled by self-realised knowledge, and who is poised in oneself.

6.23. tam (that) vidyat (know) duhkha-samyoga (connection with miseries)viyogam (disconnection) yoga-samjnitam (defined as yoga) sa (that) nischayena

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(with conviction, faith) yoktavyo (be undertaken) yogah (yoga, communion)anirvinnachetasa (with a relentless attentive mind).

Know the severance of connection with miseries or the disconnection with theroot of misery as what is designated as YOGA. This YOGA of disconnection

has to be undertaken with a relentless conscious mind.

Note: Patanjali Yoga Sutra defines YOGA as yogash chitta-vritti nirodhah-YOGA is the non-perturbed witnessing or over-viewing (nirodhah) of thewaves or fluctuations (vritti) of memory-based mental materials (chitta).Nirodhah: has also been interpreted as "cessation" - so then YOGA according toMaharshi Patanjali means the cessation of all mental modifications or conceptualisations.

Koosraj KORA VENCIAH

koosradha@gmail.com Mauritius