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Energy Efciency with KNX


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Energy Eciency with KNX

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Contents

KNX is Green 4

Automation makes buildings more efcient 5Adapt the demand or heating, cooling and lightingto day-to-day operations with KNX

Study University o Bremen (Germany) 7KNX Standard enables signicant Energy Savings

More efciency can be programmed (Germany) 9KNX shows fexibility in reducing energy costs at Inneon

Eicient Polytechnic (Portugal) 1 0

Energy-ecient possibilities researched beore general renovation

Interworking at Headquarters (Spain) 1 1Ecient building technology at Canon

Insured Energy Balance (Czech Repulic) 1 2KNX makes work areas more ecient in the Prague headquarters

A Decision With Foresight (Belgium) 13Increased eciency year ater year based on KNX

Intelligence in the black dice (Italy) 15KNX supports the hotel business with many useul unctions

Energy Management Inside (Israel) 17First Green Building rom INTEL equipped with KNX


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KNX is Green

In reality, energy conversationin the building sector has, to agreat degree, become a trendand has slowly become aneveryday concept for archi-tects as well as for buildingconstructors. Due to therecently recurring annual na-tural disasters, both large andsmall, we can see the impactof the increasing imbalance.We are, therefore, forced tolook to the future and takeresponsibility for the actions

of our society.

During the construction ofa building, as well as duringits operation, large amountsof energy are used, for thisreason targeted usage in thisarea is especially effective. Thisdoes not necessarily meanthe ultimate goal should bea zero-energy house; alonethe intelligent networking ofall devices to a decentralisedcomplete system brings un-foreseen savings. The networ-king of all electrical functionsin a single installation bussystem provides the oppor-tunity for optimal coordinated

Climate change and ever-depleting resources meanthat efcient energy use isa key social issue. Becausethey account or 40 % ototal energy consumption,buildings represent con-siderable energy-savingpotential. KNX meets therequirements o the topEnergy Perormance Classor building automation asper EN 15232. This meansthat KNX is ideally suited

to ulflling the tightenedenergy consumption requi-rements or buildings. KNXallows up to 50 % energysavings.

Buildings that are energy ef-ciently planned and operatedare no longer unique. Eventhe description an intelligentbuilding is beginning to loseits exotic nature. Both trendsare presently revolutionisingthe increasingly ambitiousarchitecture and setting acourse in the worldwide ghtagainst climate change.

control. The operation ofheating, air-conditioning, lightsand blinds for example can bealigned with external climateconditions and be controlledfrom an interface. Energyconsumption is thereby keptwithin minimal boundaries.Since all electrical drivenequipment and installationscan be flexibly combinedwith one another and can becontrolled by touch panelsor by public networks (tele-

phone, Internet), in the areaof design and comfort thisopens up almost unlimitedpossibilities from efcientbuilding management throughintelligent security controlto the storage of differentlight, noise and air qualityrequirements which can all berealised without great effort.

The creativity of the designeris now called upon, therebybringing closer the goal ofcreating expressive and thril-ling architecture which is bothecological and protable.One thing is clear we con-trol climate change!

Energy Savings with KNX up to 40 %

with KNX shading control up to 50 %

with KNX individual roomcontrol

up to 60 %with KNX lighting control

up to 60 %with KNX ventilation control


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In light o climate changeand increasingly scarce re-sources, the energy-efcientoperation o buildings is gai-ning in importance. Essentialrequirements or this are anenergy-efcient architecturaldesign, an insulated buildingexterior and modern instal-lation engineering with ahigh level o efciency. Ulti-mately, the consumption oenergy or lighting, heatingand cooling depends on both

the building use and userbehaviour. These are indef-nite actors or determiningthe level o consumptionwhich can scarcely be metusing conventional methods.However, with a dynamicmanagement system, the en-ergy usage can be optimallymatched to demand duringoperation. Building auto-mation with KNX oers thebest preconditions or this. Itensures the economical use

o energy and thus increasesthe energy efciency o thebuilding.Bus devices regulate andcontrol the generated hea-ting and cooling capacity inline with demand. Lighting

installations are operatedmore efciently using sensorsand timer programs. The in-tegrated automation systemspans all the trades and alsoenables links with daylightsystems, sun protection sy-stems, ventilation aps andother systems whereby ur-ther energy-saving potentialscan be exploited. Intelligentcapture o consumption data(Smart Metering) as well ascoupling with intelligent net-

works (Smart Grid) opens upnew possibilities or urtheroptimisation and increasedenergy efciency both todayand in the uture.

Persuasive savings rates

Since the building systemtechnology is available for theelectrical installation, KNXfunctions guarantee savingsin energy costs for articiallighting, heating, air conditio-ning and ventilation systemsas well as other loads. Withthe further development ofthe system which has alreadybeen in existence for 20 years,the open- and closed-loopedcontrol systems have beenrened and thus increasingly

Automation makes buildings more efcient

Adapt the demand for heating, cooling and lightingto day-to-day operations with KNX

up to 40 % with KNX shading control

up to 50 % with KNX individual room control

up to 60 % with KNX lighting control

up to 60 % with KNX ventilation control

Energy Savings with KNX

Thanks to integrated control and regulation via KNX, in this projectthe following reductions in energy consumption were possible:78 % due to use of natural ventilation, 50 % due to regulation of

underoor heating in 16 zones, 60 70 % due to constant lightregulation and additional presence sensors, 40 60 % energy savedin total compared to a conventional school building

New SciTec Building at Oundle School Peterbo-rough / Great Britain

The City of Salzburg reduces overall energy consumption for streetlighting by approximately 2,5 % and hence saves 750 tons of CO

2.

Central Control o public Lighting via KNX means /Austria

better results are achieved.Nowadays, the savings ratesthat have been achieved inpractice are up to 60 percentand more for the lighting

while up to 50 percent ispossible for individual roomcontrol as a practical studyshows. Of course these typesof comparisons assume aconnection to conventionalmethods. In the case of reno-vations in which the buildinghas been improved in terms ofits energy efciency and theinstallation engineering hasbeen modernised, the controltechnology contributes to theefciency gain by at least 5 to20 percent.As often occurs in practice,if optimisation of the energyconsumption has only beencarried out some time afterthe initial occupation of thebuilding and after experien-

cing day-to-day operations,the concrete results are per-suasive.

Rapid amortisation

In the case of at least two pro-jects, direct investment costsfor optimising the energy oware amazingly low comparedto the results. An amortisationwas carried out immediately.This is linked to the integratedapproach and multiple use ofthe system. Building automa-tion with KNX offers all kindsof benets: a exible electricalinstallation for changes ofuse and extensions, moreefciency in the managementand maintenance of the buil-ding, increased security formaterial assets and people, ahigher level of comfort andwell-being in the workplace,both in public and residentialbuildings. The management of


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energy savings is thereforeonly one of these. The totalinvestment costs are thusspread across many benets.Once the installations andfunctions have been integra-ted, further reductions in theenergy consumption can often

be achieved simply throughprogramming, without theneed for additional hardwareand installations.In the projects that have beenput forward, almost all ofthem feature possible savingsmeasures with KNX whichoften simultaneously servecomfort, safety and economi-cal operational ow.

Switchingo and dimming

Saving energy means switchingthe light off when you dontneed it. This sounds so simplebut it is rarely achieved inpractice in more extensivebuildings with large numbersof people coming and going.In office buildings, schools,factories, warehouses, hotels,car parks and many otherbuildings, articial lighting isleft switched on for manyreasons. In the case of building

automation with KNX, theduty cycle can for example beadapted to the actual lightingrequirement with the help ofa timer program. This mea-sure alone can achieve highsavings which can be furtheroptimised depending on the

operation can be recorded,archived and visualised in acentral location. The energyconsumption data which hasbeen processed is particularlyinteresting and forms the ba-sis for further optimisation ofthe energy consumption. Mo-

reover, all the functions canbe operated and monitoredcentrally via the visualisation.A fault indication system in-creases the availability of theinstallation engineering. Highenergy consumption causedby faults can also be quicklyrectied.

Summary

The KNX worldwide stan-dard offers the best prerequi-sites for improving the energyefciency in buildings. Systemintegrators can choose sui-table KNX bus devices forenergy-saving functions inthe different trades fromalmost 7,000 certied pro-ducts from more than 225international manufacturers.Interconnected energy andbuilding management systemsare thus formed which allowenergy ows to be controlled,regulated and monitored

according to demand duringoperation. Practical applica-tions are persuasive due toclear savings in energy costs.In comparison, measures forenergy optimisation often payoff immediately.

room use and building type,for example through usingdaylight and automatic cut-off when there is sufcientexternal brightness. A furtherenhancement of the auto-mation is constant lightingcontrol which guarantees a

comfortable lux value at theworkplace through optimumuse of daylight.Presence-dependent and thusaccurate demand-based con-trol systems are increasinglybeing applied ideal for stair-cases, corridors or otherspontaneously used areasof the building. Lights withpresence detectors can alsobe operated with increasedenergy efficiency in offices,schools etc. They then be-come elements of the roomautomation, are integratedwith the blinds, room tem-perature control and venti-lation and thus offer multiplebenets.

Regulating the heatingand cooling

Electronic individual roomtemperature control pro-mises a clear saving poten-tial. It is therefore the most

efcient method of using theheating and cooling energygenerated via the heatingsystem or air conditioningsystem. Demand-based ener-gy use can be achieved via atimer program with a tempe-rature prole or even via the

presence signal. As the tem-perature variables of all therooms are available centrallythroughout the KNX system,heating and cooling energycan be generated accordingto demand and with a highlevel of efciency.

In modern, purpose-builtbuildings with glass facades,fully-automatic sun protec-tion systems are indispens-able. Their primary tasks areshading and cooling to ensurethe well-being of the peo-ple in the building. As theseare likewise controlled withKNX, additional functionsfor improving the energyefficiency are provided incombination with room tem-perature control and lightingcontrol. For example: daylightredirection, use of solar en-ergy in winter and automaticnight cooling in the summer.

From the perspectiveo energy consumption

The interaction of all thetrades in room and buildingautomation contains a highoptimisation potential. Allthe functions are linked inan energy and building ma-

nagement system. KNX of-fers optimum solutions withmanagement and visualisationsystems for this purpose.Further building technologysystems are integrated viainterfaces. All the data that isrequired for efcient building

By the overall use of KNX, energy consumption in the building isreduced by 40 %.

A new bioclimatic Ofce Building in Huesca /

Spain

The yearly costs for heating of this 150 m home are incredibly low;between 250 to 300.

A low Energy Standard single Family Home /

Austria


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Study University o Bremen (Germany)

KNX Standard enables signicant Energy Savings

Figure 1. Heat meters with M-Bus interace and M-Bus-KNX-Gateway

Figure 2. The logged data o the comparison test covered the periods rom thebeginning o 2002 until the end o 2005. However, the rooms werent ully useduntil the middle o 2004. The KNX controlled room could save up to 50 % othe energy as compared to the normal room.

Figure 3. Seminar rooms, ZIMT, rst foor

Energy Savings with KNX

up to 50 % with light and heating

When one thinks o buildingsystem engineering, onethinks o KNX. This includesthe comort o controllingshutters, blinds, lighting sy-stem, audio system, heatingsystem, air-conditioningsystem and more. However,the act that this comortalso comes with an additi-onal advantage, the energysavings o up to 50 %, hasnot been proven reliably

so ar.

Current studies prove that theapplication of KNX technolo-gy can signicantly reduce theenergy budget.The achievement of a highercomfort standard throughbus systems in buildings hasbeen a long known fact. Thefully automated home is oftenmentioned in this contextcontrolling all energy con-

suming building systems likelights, heat and ventilation to

the users demands. Studieswhich were presented at theKNX Scientic Conference2006 in Vienna showed addi-tional potential of the buildingcontrol system.To prove this, the Universityof Trento in Italy and theUniversity of Bremen in Ger-many equipped buildings androoms with KNX controls forthe heating and lighting. Thelogged data was evaluated and

a normal case was compa-red to the KNX operation.To explain in more detail, wewill take a closer look at theKNX project at the Univer-sity of Bremen. The followingnumbers and results are takenfrom the presentation of Prof.Dr.-Ing. Manfred Mevenkamp,project manager and deanof the faculty of electricalengineering and informationtechnology at the University

of Bremen.

Energy Savingsup to 50 %

About 33 % of the entire ener-gy consumption of residentialand commercial buildings isused for heating. From a cer-tain point on, this high energy

demand can only be reducedwith an intelligent control sy-stem like KNX. In structural-ly weak buildings high energysavings can be achieved withconstructive measures like abetter building exterior. In alist with the different energydemands of buildings types,

building which are built topassive building standardslead the way. The project ofthe University of Bremen isbased on a modern buildinginfrastructure, the centerfor Information and Media

Technology (ZIMT) in Bre-men which was constructedin 2002. The building has aspecific energy demand of60 75 kWh/ma. Prof. Dr.-Ing.Mevenkamps project groupchose two identical classrooms for their experiments.One of them was equipped

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seminar room with standard thermostat controlseminar room with KNX single-room control


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with standard thermostats

for the heaters and the otherone was equipped with KNXcontrol. The KNX controlledroom was installed with win-dow switches, valves on theheaters, a room temperaturecontrol system and a heatingmeter with M-Bus interfaceand M-Bus-KNX-Gateway.The logged data of the com-parison test covered theperiods from the beginningof 2002 until the end of 2005.However, the rooms werentfully used until the middle of2004. The result of the dataanalysis is very positive as theKNX controlled room couldsave up to 50 % energy ascompared to the room withstandard installation.

HeatingComort Remains

Critics who think the KNXsystem is slow reacting andcould not provide the same

heating comfort as a standardsystem which runs continu-ously are mistaken. As partof this test run, the averageand actual room tempera-tures were also analyzed. TheKNX room had 0.3C higheraverage temperature even

though the heating energy

demand was just half of theroom with the standard in-stallation. The dynamic heatingbehavior of both rooms donot differ that much, whichmeans the on/off curves arealmost identical with regardsto temperature and time. Toincrease the effectiveness andefciency, the heating periodswere controlled by a sche-dule, which depended on theoccupancy plan of the room.Therefore, no heating energywas wasted for a room thatwas not in use. But that wasnot all: savings potential of upto 50 % was possible with thelighting system.

Energy Savingso the Lighting System

The yearly energy demand forthe lighting system in the samebuilding is 500MWh/a andis therefore higher than theheating energy demand with

435 485 MWh/a. Additionalenergy costs of the Universityof Bremen could be reducedwith the application of KNXcontrolled lights. Factors thatinfluenced this test serieswere the following: presenceof occupants, the daylight

level, glare and the necessary

illumination at the studentswork desks. The same roomsthat were used for the hea-ting energy comparison wereequipped with presence sen-sors, two light sensors (fortwo groups of luminaires) anddimming actuators. The twolight sensors were necessaryas the area closest to the win-dow was treated differentlythan the area closest to theinterior wall. As compared tothe standard operation (ma-nual on/off switching) energysavings of up to 50 % could bereached. There was no energydemand base line, i.e. therewas always a steady but smallpower demand because thesensor technology requiredenergy.

Choosingthe right Components

With regard to the choice ofcomponents, it is important

to mention that the use ofthe combined sensor withpresence detector initiallyseemed to be the most at-tractive solution. However, itdid not deliver the exact illu-mination values of a dedicatedlux sensor because the value

can be inuenced by incoming

daylight or other light sources.Therefore, the project teamdecided to use the slightlymore expensive alternativeand installed two dedicatedlux sensors that deliveredpromising results. In addition,the people responsible forthe project noticed a lack ofstandardized guidelines fordaylight controlled lightingsystems. This concludes thatKNX building controls notonly increase the living com-fort but also play a signicantrole in reducing energy costs.The tests provide the proof:the use of KNX may reducethe energy for lighting andheating demand of up to 50 %.This strong argument shouldconvince even the last skepticsof the KNX building controlsystem. If one considers risingenergy prices, the small invest-ment into a home and buildingautomation seem to be very

reasonable, especially if theypay off within a few years andoffer the expandability foradditional comfort functions.

www.iia.hs-bremen.de/KNX-Energieefzienz

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Figure 4. Room temperature dynamics Figure 5. Comparison o electricity demand


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More efciency can be programmed

KNX shows exibility in reducing energy costs at Inneon

Campeon is the nameo a new type o oicecomplex, nestled in a lands-cape garden with lakes andsports acilities, located inNeubiberg near Munich.The evocative name derivesrom the act that the semi-conductor company Infne-on Technologies AG has set

up its new administrativecentre in the campus-typebuildings: Campus + Ini-neon = Campeon. Around6,500 people work on the150,000 square metre oorspace. State-o-the-artbuilding technology alsocontributes to the pleasantworking conditions. Thecontrol technology withKNX ensures good lightingand an agreeable climate and with efcient energy

use. The worldwide standard

Highlights at a glance

Inneon corporate headofce, Munich

150,000 square metre oorspace

6,500 employees 10,300 KNX components

Energy savings with KNX

23.4 % lower energy costs af-ter optimisation

System integration:EIB-TECH Helmut Lintschinger,Andechs, Germany

was thereore selected be-cause the company alreadyhad good experiences in thepast in other buildings.The programmable bussystem also showed its bestside in Campeon: throughoptimisation measures,117,067 Euro could be sa-ved in energy costs in 2009

alone compared to the yearbeore.

Higherenergy consumption

The building was rst occu-pied in 2006 and from thestart, the lighting, sun pro-tection and other technicalsystems were controlled viaKNX. 10,300 bus devices wereinstalled and programmed forthis purpose. To maintain aclear topology as a basis fora consistent management

system with visualisation, the

installations were divided intosix independent KNX worldsaccording to the six buildings.The system integrator sol-ved the tasks by installing aGira Homeserver 2 in eachone. One of them functionsas a master to which allthe relevant information istransmitted on the TCP/IProute. The central operationand monitoring is carried outusing an individually created,specic visualisation on cen-

trally installed touch screens.

In the rst years of use, it wasobserved that the estimatedenergy consumption was toohigh. A sophisticated lightingmanagement system shouldhelp to reduce costs. The rstmeasures related to the gene-ral lighting on around 40,000m2 with 353 corridors, 69staircases, 297 toilets and 182adjoining rooms. The lighting

was often superuous or evenswitched on round the clock,partly inadvertently and partlybecause the lamps that wereswitched on could hardly benoticed during the day.

Automatic cut-o

It was then necessary to ndtimeframes in which lights canbe reduced or switched offcompletely without disruptingthe working day. A complextimer program developedwhereby the incidence ofdaylight into the building wastaken into account. The cut-offtimes are calculated via theHomeserver based on theexternal brightness. The hig-her the lux value, the longerthe cut-off phase. This periodcan be optimised by settingthe lux value. By contrast, thelighting in the corridors andstairwells is always switchedon fully at the start and end of

the working day when there isa higher number of people inthe building.

In the toilets, lights are like-

wise automatically switchedoff after a time delay, once ithas been manually switchedon via a bus push-button. Inthe adjoining rooms witha manual light switch, thelighting is switched off cycli-cally and also automaticallyat the end of the working day.It is therefore guaranteedthat the lights do not remainswitched on round the clock.Where necessary, staircaselighting functions which ash

to indicate a prewarning areused for security purposes.

Flexible or the uture

The success of these mea-sures quickly became ap-parent through the powerconsumption. The under-ground car parks, meetingrooms, conference rooms,data processing centre andeven canteens and rest areaswere therefore included in

the lighting management in asecond expansion stage. Thecost savings acknowledgedby the company (see table) of23.4 percent in 2009 are im-pressive. Further optimisationof the energy efciency willfurther increase these costs.The exemplary project forexibility and future compa-tibility was given the EnergyEfciency Award.

The cost savings at the end o 2008 and 2009 refect the progress o the energy-ecient optimisation but also the particularly eective impact o the automaticlighting management during the brighter months with more use o daylight.

In the lighting installations between the building complexes, a clear energy savingpotential can be opened up with KNX. Foto: Inneon/Heinemann

Months in2008

Costs in2007

Costs in2008

Savings in 2008in and %

Oct./Nov./Dec. 138.471 124.034 14.437 10,4

Monaths in2009

Costs in2008

Costs in2009

Savings in 2009in and %

Jan./Feb./Mar. 136.396 116.922 19.474 14,3

Apr./May/Jun. 124.256 82.662 41.594 33,5

Jul./Aug./Sep. 115.465 83.619 31.846 27,6

Oct./Nov./Dec. 124.034 99.881 24.153 19,5

Totals in 2009 500.151 383.084 117.067 23,4


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Efcient Polytechnic (Portugal)

Energy-efcient possibilities researchedbefore general renovation

How can the energy con-sumption be reduced withthe help o control enginee-ring? What savings rates canbe expected? The responsescan dier according to thebuilding and type o use.The people at the GuardaPolytechnic Institute in

Guarda, Portugal wantedaccurate answers. A KNXtesting plant was installedbeore a total renovation toobserve possible reductionsin the consumption.Research is part o every-day lie or the School oManagement and Tech -nology o the PolytechnicInstitute in Guarda.Theinstitute, which was built in1980, consists o our buil-

dings on an area o 12 hec-tares. Four out o a total o60 classrooms were selectedat the School o Manage-ment and Technology totest and assess the energyefciency and comort oa planned energy-efcientrenovation. To do so, therooms were also ftted withnew dimmable lamps andblinds or shading and day-light redirection.An energy management

system has been registe-ring the energy data since

September 2009. The stan-dardisation o the KNXsystem, the large selectiono components and the actthat the system ulflls allthe unctions required orthis project were argumentsin avour o selecting KNXas the automation system.

Reduced costsin lightingand climate-control

The general lighting in theclassrooms was fitted withconvenient and energy-savingconstant lighting control. Todo so, KNX sends dimmingvalues which have been cal-culated with the help of light

sensors via a Hager KNX/DALI gateway to the electro-nic ballast devices. Presencedetectors ensure that thelightings which is not requiredwhen people are absent is notswitched on unnecessarilybut is switched off automati-cally. The latter function alsoapplies to the manually con-trollable blackboard lighting.An important cost factorfor the energy consumption

is the air conditioning. Anintelligently controlled sunprotection system can achievesavings. With measurementsof the solar radiation, interiorbrightness and an astro pro-gram (Elsner/Suntracer), op-timal conditions for incidence

of daylight and shading areachieved. Indoor temperaturesensors (Zennio/Quad) insidesupply data to protect theroom from overheating in thesummer months. As a resultof automatic constant lightingcontrol, electricity costs forarticial lighting are kept lowas well as the cooling loadsdue to precise slat positions.

Visualisationevaluates data

To assess the energy efciencyof the new lighting system inthe classrooms controlledwith KNX and the conven-tional parts of the building,the power consumption wasmeasured separately. The sy-stem integrator used KNXmetres from Lingg&Janke inconnection with the Facili-tyWeb management system.The system enables the re-cording, illustration, switching,

controlling and monitoringof the energy consumptionin real time. All the valuesare brought together in thevisualisation with the help of aKNX/IP gateway. Error messa-ges from the electricity supplyor the lighting installation arealso processed and routed.The remote alarm is carriedout through a GPRS gateway.

Highlights at a glance Study for an energy-efcient

renovation of a polytechnic Low costs with only 15 KNX

components and 80 workinghours

Web-based energy manage-ment with FacilityWeb


10 to 30 percent energy savingthrough automation

Implementation:

Planning and system integration:Melo Rodrigues-Engineering,

Guarda, Portugal

Classroom with energy-saving lightingtechnology, sun protection, KNXautomation and Smart Metering

Evaluation o energy eciency in the Guarda Polytechnic Institute


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Interworking at Headquarters (Spain)

Efcient building technology at Canon

an argument in avour othe worldwide standard wasthat the system integratorwas able to select specifccomponents or perect so-lutions rom the wide rangeo devices available romthe various manuacturers.664 KNX components, 30dierent devices rom 22manuacturers were usedin this project, rom theweather station to sensors,

actuators, logic modulesand gateways as well asvisualisation technology.

Cooling and solar gain

During the planning stage, itwas assumed from the outsetthat high energy savings ratescould be achieved with KNXautomation, for example 50to 60 percent for the lightingusing constant lighting control

In 2008, Canon EspaaS.A. moved into its newheadquarters to the northo Madrid. Already duringthe building phase, the in-ternational environmentalstandard was observed inaccordance with ISO 14001.Externally, this is expressedin the energy-efcient, cur-ved architectural design.Inside, state-o-the-art buil-ding technology ensures

efcient energy use. KNXplays an important role inthis: lights, sun protectionsystems, heating, air con-ditioning and ventilationtechnology are automati-cally regulated and con-trolled with the worldwidestandard.Ofces, laboratories, mee-ting rooms, an exhibitionspace and an auditoriumare located behind the cur-ved glass acades on ouroors. High levels o day-light, supplemented by arti-fcial lighting, automatic sunprotection and regulatedair conditioning create acomortable ambience. Thedemands on building tech-nology are also a challengeor the control technology.This must ensure comortand saety, positively inu-ence the efciency o theenergy consumption and

also simpliy managemento the building. KNX showsitsel here in its best light:

with presence monitoring. Ta-king into account the amountof daylight that is streamingin, brightness sensors regulatethe DALI lighting via KNX sothat a uniform brightness levelof 500 lux is always maintained.Unnecessary artificial lightwhich is typical in conventi-onal lighting systems is the-reby avoided. This function issupported by a facade-based,precise daylight redirection

of the blind slats. If peopleare absent, the luminaires areswitched off automatically. Inthe case of the air conditioning,the planners assumed energysavings of around 40 percent ifthe HVAC system is regulatedand controlled via KNX. Fourfunctions ensure effectiveness:a timer with a day, week andseasonal program, provisionof a standby temperature andpresence monitoring for com-fort mode. The meteorological

blind control also contributesto efcient air conditioning.During the summer, presence-dependent shading providescooling while the suns heatcan stream into empty roomsduring the winter. Electricallyoperated windows are usedfor automatic night cooling orcontrolled ventilation, depen-ding on the season.


Modern administrative centre,built according to the environ-mental standard ISO 14001

664 KNX components from22 international manufacturers

Costs for devices and installa-tion 400,000 Euro


60 percent energy saving, forthe lighting

40 percent lower energy costsfor the air conditioning

Implementation:

Fudomo Espacios Inteligentes,S.L. - Alcobendas (Madrid),www.fudomo.com

Interworking is the appropri-ate term for this function andpoints to a seamless interac-tion of all the components andtrades a further argument infavour of KNX for the systemintegrator.

Manager or peak loads

The building managementsystem with visualisation andenergy management is re-presentative of the building

technology at Canon EspaaS.A. All the consumption datais brought together hereand trends are evaluated forfuture optimisation. At thesame time, peak loads aremonitored and consumersare managed according topriority. The visualisation ma-kes menus available for all theoors and functional areas.The monitoring and operationof local areas is also possiblevia the 12 touch screens in

total that have been installed.In this project, KNX is alsoused for monitoring the ener-gy supply, security technology,access control and for heatingwater and shows its strengthin connection with furtherbuilding technology systemssuch as Ethernet, BACnet,Modbus and in the remotemaintenance capabilities.

The curved architecture o the new Canon headquarters in Spain is energy-ecient

Visualisation example: The menu page o the weather station provides inormationabout the external temperature, brightness, wind speed and solar radiation as wellas the status o the eight aade sections.


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Insured Energy Balance (Czech Republic)

KNX makes work areas more efcientin the Prague headquarters

The Ceska pojistovna a.sis the oldest and largestinsurance company in theCzech Republic. Since itoccupies this loty market

position, the company seesit as its duty to run the newheadquarters in Pragueaccording to strict environ-mental standards.The building complex wascompleted in 2009 and theoice space alone mea-sures 23,000 square metres.The 2,300 employees whoare located on three oorsbehind the glass acadesbathed in daylight havevery pleasant working con-

ditions. The lighting techno-logy, sun protection systemand air conditioning whichare controlled by KNX areactors in this comort.Sophisticated unctionsensure that energy is usedsparingly and thus achievea clear reduction in theenergy balance.

Strong argumentsin avour o KNX

Three arguments can be usedto convince customers infavour of building automation

with KNX: the exibility of thesystem for changes of use, thesimple and thus convenientinstallation and the versatilefunctionality for comfort,safety and energy savings.The unfavourable energy ba-lance which is typical in glassconstructions was a particularchallenge. The planning ofcecalculated that this couldbe improved by 60 percentfrom 3 MW to 1.2 MW usingKNX control systems andcentral energy managementcompared to conventionaltechnology: this means 543 W,per work station.

For the practical implemen-tation, this pointed to savingsrates of 50 to 70 percent. Itwas therefore simple for theplanners and system integra-tors to guarantee the clientan energy balance that hasbeen improved by at least 50percent.

Functionswith (energy) gain

The particularly efficientlighting makes is impressive.Constant lighting control inthe offices in conjunctionwith variable daylight redirec-tion of the blinds ensures that

a consistent level of bright-ness is maintained. So thatthe lighting in each work areaonly uses the level of energyrequired, the differentials ofthe light values are calculatedwith the help of brightnesssensors. KNX sends these tothe local lighting componentswith digital DALI ballasts.The savings potential of anautomatic sun protectionsystem should also not be

underestimated. In the sum-mer, rooms that are shadedat the right time protect thecooling load. Vice versa, heatenergy can be saved in thewinter by using the direct so-lar radiation. During the coldmonths of the year, closedblinds improve the buildinginsulation after ofce hours.For heating and cooling in theofces, zone-based convectorfans are installed which workautonomously. Through thisdivision, the building userhas the exibility to decideon an open-plan layout orindividual ofces. To avoid lossof ventilation, the closed-loopcontrol systems are linkedwith the contacts on theventilation slots.It speaks for itself that thefunctions that ensure indivi-dual comfort in the work-place and security have prio-


Largest insurance company inthe Czech Republic

8000 lamps with digital lightingcontrol (DALI)

3985 installed KNX compon-ents


Energy balance improved by60 percent through buildingautomation

Implementation:

Planner: Lighting Projects Con-sulting s.r.o, Radlick

System integrator: Intelligentsystems s.r.o, Radlick

The sun protection systems controlled with KNX help to improve the energy balance considerably

Sun protection precisely according to the daily routine: schematic rom astro control


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A Decision With Foresight (Belgium)

Increased efciency year after year based on KNX

Everyone knows Hartmannbandaging materials. Whenthe German textile manu-acturer Paul Hartmann de-cided in avour o medicalproducts in 1877, little didhe know that his actorywould someday become amultinational corporationor medicine and healthcare. When the Belgianbranch oice N.V. PaulHartmann AG built itsnew logistics and admini-strative centre in Saintesin 1998, engineers at thecorporate head ofce also

showed they had oresight.They speciied KNX (atthat time still EIB) as thestandard or the electrical

installation. They realisedthat the exible bus systemhad a uture. The act that

high energy savings couldbe achieved on this basisat a later date with onlya modest investment, wasprobably not taken intoaccount back then.

Successive expansion

The rst automatic functionsmonitored and controlledthe lighting in the offices,corridors and outside are-as partially via movementdetectors. The blind drive

mechanisms were likewiseintegrated in the bus system.Five years later, the engineersand system integrators of the

Belgian site determined theversatile possibilities of themore sophisticated world-

wide KNX standard for moreefcient facility management.From 2006 onwards, theKNX functions were gra-dually extended: the lightingin the warehouses was gi-ven energy-saving constantlighting control. With theincidence of daylight, thelighting is no longer swit-ched on at 100 percent butjust with additional dimmingvalues. Comfortable lightingconditions are thus achieved

using less energy.In 2007 the blind controlswere combined into a cen-tral system with weather

A sensor-controlled sun protection system reduces the cooling load

rity. The web-based visualisa-tion makes manual operationavailable for employees. Amenu can be consulted oneach PC with Internet access,via which the perfect tem-perature, individual shadingand lighting conditions at theworkstation can be selected.

Calculationwith sun and shade

The operation of the entire

building technology is carriedout via the central buildingcontrol. Timer programs forthe lighting and room tem-peratures or setpoint valuescan also be set or modied.An astro program is used tocontrol the sun protection ofthe facades. It thereby preci-sely calculates the solar radi-ation and shadows that movethrough the winding buildingcomplex during the course ofthe day. The shutters are pro-tected against storm damagevia wind sensors.The energy managementsystem makes an essentialcontribution to the energyefciency based on visualisa-tion. It calculates the currentcooling and heating demandfor an effective generation ofenergy from climatic valuesand the heat requirementsof the convector fans for aneffective generation of energy.

For this task, KNX communi-cates with the HVAC systemvia the SQL interface. The en-ergy ows can be observed,documented and analysed viaSmart Metering in order touse the determined valuesfor further optimisation ofthe energy efciency.

History o the investments and the resulting energy savings

Year Functions Costs Total annual saving in % and

1999 Lighting and blinds 55.000.00 k.A k.A

2005 First consumer analysis 0 0

2006 Lighting in the warehouse, constant lighting control 1.246 -10,3 4.500

2007 Automatic sun protection with weather station 2.000 -12,9 5.517

2008 Central management

Timers

4.000 -17,9 7.452

2009 Optimisation of the central management 1.000 -25,00 10.087


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stations. Unwanted heatingof the rooms can be avoidedthrough automatic shading.This in turn reduces the coo-

Weniger Stromverbrauch im Lager durch automatische Lichtsteuerung

ling load. At the same time,optimum daylight redirectionin combination with constantlighting control reduces theneed for artificial lighting.In addition, three wind de-tectors protect the shuttersautomatically against stormdamage.In the same year, an interfaceto the re alarm system wasintegrated. With this safetymeasure, in the event of a re,the lights can be switched,blinds raised, gates openedand information relayed.

Central management

In 2008, a building manage-ment system went into ope-


Global corporation decidesearly on in favour of the

worldwide standard 256 KNX components Cost of initial installation

55,000 Euro (1999) Extensions and optimisation

8,646 Euro (2006 2009)


Annual saving of 10,087 Euro(2009)

System integration:

Jerome Rouiilard, NV Paul Hart-mann AG, Saintes, Belgium

ration using a Homeserver(Gira). Further saving mea-sures can now be program-med and optimised from acentral location e.g. timersand the central cut-off of thelights. Setpoint values andtime profiles of the roomtemperature control can beprogrammed via the visuali-sation. The generation of theheating and cooling capacityis controlled by creating a linkto the HVAC system.The adoption and processingof error messages also be-longs to the central functions.Maintenance intervals for thelights can also be managedsuch as acute error messages

from the air conditioningsystem or heating system orin the event of water damage.Smart Metering applicationswith KNX are important forintegrated energy manage-ment. With the capture ofconsumption data, defects inthe systems can be quicklydetected and signs of wearcan be analysed; it is also usedto optimise the energy con-sumption. Records made sin-ce 2005 show the impact ofthe energy-specic functionsto date. The annual savings of25 percent of the electricitycosts or the resulting 10,000Euro clearly exceed the in-vestment costs.


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Intelligence in the black dice (Italy)

KNX supports the hotel business with many useful functions

The shape o the dice andblack acades characte-rise the architecture othe business and design

hotel Nerocubo an eye-catching sight near theA22 at Roveredo on theroute to Northern Italy.Travellers here fnd stylishapartments and rooms, orexample or holidays in theamous region o Trentino,or meetings or simplyor a stopover. Everyoneeels comortable and atease in the hospitableand ar tistic ambience. The

act that state-o-the-arttechnology contributes tothis eeling is a well-keptsecret. The benefts o buil-ding automation with KNXare primarily interestingor the hoteliers: efcientorganisation o the ho-tel business, comort andsecurity or the guests andnot least economic efci-ency through the economicuse o energy. The lights,sun protection system and


Modern business and designhotel with around 110 roomsand suites

Central management of theroom functions

Effective sun protection withsolar heat gain in the winter


Up to 50 % saving in electrici-ty consumption by the lightingthrough KNX automation

Up to 15 % less heat energyrequired due to KNX tempe-rature control in all the rooms

System integration:

Conserzio Domotic Italia, Firenze,IItaly

room temperature controlor the 110 rooms andsuites, meeting rooms andrestaurant are controlled

and regulated using KNXbuilding system technology.The accomplishment o thesystem integrator DomoticItalia who brings togetherall the distributed unc-tions o KNX and other sy-stems in one visualisationis outstanding. A clear andeasily understandable ope-rator interace is availableto the hotel sta.

Economicaland convenient

The functions in the allocatedroom are already activatedwhen the guests check in:the setpoint value of theroom temperature is setto the comfort level, thetelephone and TV are readyfor operation and the blindcontrol system goes intopresence mode. If the guests

then enter their room, thebasic lighting is switched onand their presence is simul-taneously visualised via themenu. You therefore alwaysknow at reception whetherthe guests are in the room.Technical functions are in-dicated simultaneously andalarm signals are received.The building automationwith KNX can meet variousrequirements in the hotel:it saves the staff from beingbriefed on the room func-tions, enables the presenceof the guests to be moni-tored which is beneficialfor room service, forwardstechnical error messagesand controls energy-based

Atmospheric lighting is switched on when you enter the room

Exclusive ambience with artiiciallighting


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loads according to demand.The latter means the eco-nomic use of electricity aswell as heating and coolingenergy. The guests do nothave to forgo their wishesfor comfort. A room managermakes individual operationpossibilities available: set-

ting the room temperature,switching the ventilation onand off, operating the blindsand informing the hotel staffwhen the guests do not wishto be disturbed. Using TVremote control, media suchas music and video can beretrieved, service packagesor the internet can be used.

Efcient energy use

By locking the room withthe electronic door opener,the lamps in the rooms andsuites can only be swit-ched on when the guestsor service staff are present.Unnecessary light is avoided.The coupling of the roomoccupancy with the roomtemperature ensures that theexact optimum temperature

prevails and heat energy issaved. Room temperaturecontrol systems with KNX inthe conference and meetingrooms and the ofces ensurethat energy is used carefully.The lighting in the publicareas such as the corridors,foyer, meeting rooms, restau-rant and bar are automatical-ly controlled according to atimer program and dependon the incidence of daylight.Only energy-saving basiclighting is therefore available.If people enter the areas, the

articial lighting is automa-tically increased. A manuallyactivated cleaning sceneensures maximum luminance.Redirection of the daylightthrough the blind slats alsoreduces the requirement forarticial light.An automatic sun protectionsystem should also supportthe energy efciency in thehotel business: a distinction is

made between the presenceand absence of people. Inthe winter, when shading isnot necessary for the guests,heat can be gained throughthe sun streaming in. In thesummer, rooms can be keptcooler by fully closing theslats.The generation of energy isalso integrated in the buildingmanagement using a thermalpower station and a solarpower station. The visualisa-

tion shows self consumptionand the supply of electricalenergy to the mains.


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Energy Management Inside (Israel)

First Green Building from INTEL equipped with KNX

Since 2009, around 1000programmer s and engi -neers have been workingin the Israeli subsidiaryo the US semiconductormanuacturer INTEL. Thenew development ofce inHaia was built according tothe LEED guidelines (Lea-dership in Energy and Envi-

ronmental Design). INTELhas constructed a certifedcorporate Green Buildingor itsel as well as the lar-gest green building in theMiddle East. Bound by strictstandards but also living upto its image as a leadingtechnology company, theplanning oice selectedthe KNX control systemor the building technology.It convinced the buildingengineers rom INTEL with

concrete arguments: theworldwide standardisationo KNX, the exibility andunctionality o the bussystem or all trades as wellas the versatile control pos-sibilities or increased en-ergy efciency in buildings.In particular, efciency atthe workplace achievedthrough comort and easewas required. This can beachieved with KNX through

demand-based shading and


Largest building with GreenBuilding certicate in theMiddle East

3160 KNX components Installation costs of 200.000

Euro


4 to 5 year amortisation peri-od through energy savings.

air conditioning as well asoptimal lighting conditions.The automatic control andregulation with KNX pro-mises energy-saving opera-tion or all trades, lighting,sun protection, heating,ventilation and air condi-tioning (HVAC). The pro-grammability o the lighting

and HVAC unctions alsoenables a quick and eco-nomic change o use orthe rooms such as movingto the sae loors on theunderground car park levelin the extreme case o a warbreaking out.

Optimal lightingconditions

The lighting systems for theofces, corridors and stair-cases, meeting rooms, con-

ference rooms, WC facilitiesand outdoor installationsalone point to a high energydemand. If they are not swit-ched on around the clockwith 100 percent brightnessbut controlled automaticallyaccording to demand, it canbe reduced by 10 to 50 per-cent. For this purpose, theplanning ofce has introducedthe combination of the KNXsystem with the digital addres-

sable lighting interfaces (DALI)as an ideal solution. Togetherwith the gateways (ABB KNXDALI gateways), up to 64electronic ballast devices canbe individually controlled anddimmed via KNX addresses.For the organisation of exten-sive lighting systems, up to 16control groups can be formedper gateway. This exible me-thod enables, in addition, themonitoring of each individual

lamp for malfunctions thebenet of an economic main-tenance service.

The perect climate

For personal requirements,employees can set the lightinglevel individually in lux at theirworkstation. A room-basedoperator interface is availableon the company computersfor the visualisation. To avoidunnecessary energy costs,presence detectors monitor

the presence of people andswitch lighting off automati-cally after an adjustable timedelay in the event of absence.The lighting is also controlledand regulated in corridors,on staircases and in otherrooms. Brightness sensorsensure a comfortable andconstant brightness level.In the conference roomswhich are used infrequently,the air conditioning system

is controlled according torequirements via movementdetectors. The lighting con-ditions can be adapted viascene controllers at the touchof a button. The energy ma-nagement for the buildingtechnology is implemented viaa KNX visualisation. A KNX/IP gateway creates the linkto the OPC server. From thecentral location, the buildingfunctions can be monitored,

influenced and optimised.The energy consumption canbe monitored and analysedcontinuously and the disco-vered savings potentials thatare discovered are utilised:an investment in the futurewhich pays for itself in fourto ve years according to thecalculations of the planners.The system integration of theKNX installation was carriedout by the Israeli companyS.Kahane&-Sohns LTD.

INTEL IsraelThe new development oce in Haia

The largest green building in the Middle East


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