knowledge to manage self and to manage the system
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From the Western perspectives: Knowledge could mean
acquaintance with facts familiarity with a particular subject
acquaintance or familiarity gained by sight,
experience, report or investigation
the body of truths or facts accumulated by
mankind in the course of time [Munawar Haque et. al (2009), Islam: Knowledge and Civilization, p.5)]
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Knowledge is a the arrival of meaning (mana)to the soul(al-Attas)
Mana is the recognition and acknowledgement
of the Creator and ones position in the schemeof creation. From the Islamic perspective: Knowledge is a
system of learning which enables humankind torecognise Allah s.w.t as the Lord and Creator ofthe universe and man and his servant as well asvicegerent on earth. It encompasses mansability to put the right thing at its proper places.
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Knowledge has two important purposes toserve: the divine and the worldly.
The divine purpose of knowledge is to recognizeAllah, and to live according to His will.
The worldly purpose of knowledge is to enable
human beings to utilize the abundance of wealth
that Allah has bestowed upon humankind so asnot to create destructions on earth.
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It comprises of the Tawhidic knowledge thebelief on the Oneness of Allah, knowledge aboutibadah and akhlaq (how to behave) and
understanding of the shariah. It is the knowledgeon how human beings should live according tothe rules and regulations preordained by Allah.
[Sidek Baba (2006), Pendidikan Rabbani. p 59]
Knowledge that is obligatory on every Muslim,
eg. the understanding of the articles of iman(faith), the pillars of Islam and the mainprinciples of the shariah (Islamic Law).
Fard Ayn (Personal Obligatory Knowledge)
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Allah has given rahmah to humankind and livingcreatures on earth by providing abundance ofwealth such as water, soil, trees, fuel, gasses,
uranium, gold, diamond among others to bemanaged by man.
Thus, man has to possess the knowledge(scientific, technological, economics,accountancy etc.) and mastery of theappropriate skills to manage these resourceseffectively.
[Sidek Baba (2006), Pendidikan Rabbani. p 58 - 59]
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The knowledge to manage self will enableone to understand himself and hisrelationship to Allah, to comprehend theQuran and make Quran as his guidance andsource of reference in developing theknowledge on how to manage the system.
Integration between these two types ofknowledge will build a strong foundation forself and community development whichcould later develop into a Muslim civilization.
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Infusion of the Western knowledge and theIslamic legacy
Uniting the two types of knowledge:Western/ Secular knowledge and the Islamicknowledge
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Instilling the Islamic worldview to the body ofknowledge
Isolation of Western elements and key concepts
from existing body of knowledge and theinfusion of Islamic elements and key conceptsinto it. (Al-Attas)
Interpreting the new knowledge into the corpusof Islamic legacy by eliminating, amending,reinterpreting and adapting its components asthe world view of Islam and its values. (al-Faruqi)
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Knowledge to manage self and knowledge tomanage the system are
integrative in nature because they combine thetwo important features in knowledge inquiry
which are the divine knowledge and knowledge
gained through reason and sense perception
Islamized knowledge because they involve theunderstanding of the worldly knowledge through
the Islamic worldview and Islamic legacy
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Knowledge to manage selfand knowledge tomanage the system integrate the revealed andprimary sources of knowledge (Quran and the
Sunnah) with of those found in nature, historyand experiences of man in understanding theworld.
They acknowledge the two primary sources ofreference and made them the guiding principlesin interpreting empirical sciences, humansciences, technological advancement and othertypes of worldly knowledge.
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Al-Faruqi, Ismail Raji. (1992).Al-Tawhid: ItsImplications for Thought and Life. Herndon, Virginia:IIIT.
Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib.(1992). Islamand Secularism. Kuala Lumpur: ISTAC. IIIT.(1982). Islam: Sourse and Purpose of Knowledge.
Herndon, Virginia: IIIT. Munawar Haque, Kabuye Uthman Sulaiman, Bachir
Soualhi, Syamsuddin Arif. (2009). Islam: Knowledgeand Civilization. IIUM: IIUM Press. Sidek Baba. (2006). Pendidikan Rabbani: Mengenal
Allah Melalui Ilmu Dunia. Shah Alam: Karya BestariSdn. Bhd.