Knowledge based Learning Experience Management on the

Semantic Web

Feng (Barry) TAO, Hugh Davis

Learning Society LabUniversity of Southampton

Institutional Initiatives

• Learning Society Lab in ECS, U. Southampton– Technology enhanced Learning– Interaction with knowledge and semantics– Virtual community and social systems

• ELeGI – European Learning Grid Infrastructure– Service Oriented Architecture– Life long collaborative learning on the Grid– Ontology support– Semantic Management Service

Scope

• Process/Methodologies – Knowledge Life Cycle in managing LE– Identify conceptualization through ontology

• KA within the domain• Ontological engineering

– semantically enrich data using ontology• Automatic annotation• Manual annotation wizard

– manage knowledge through reusing semantically enriched data• Query RDF triples for knowledge• Inference and Reasoning

• Architecture– Distributed (over more than one nodes) – Service Oriented– User orientation at different granularities (Web service, Portlet service, portal)– Ontology Driven

• Technologies– Semantic Web– Web Service – J2EE, JSF and portlets

• Domains– E-Science (Engineering design of optimization)– Learning (Learning through community knowledge management and sharing)

Teacher led v.s. Learner centered Learning

• Teacher Led– Lecture/Assignment/Assessment – Pedagogical Learning design– Learning sequence

• Learner centered (also called PBL)– Project/Seminar/Conference– Learning experience– Establish network– Building research profile

Learning through community knowledge management and sharing

• Learning Experiences– role – event – environment– ontology model of key entities involved

• Knowledge population through semantic annotation of learning activities– Distributed collection of knowledge– Continuous collection of knowledge

• Guiding juniors on their learning path– What are the strongest expertise? – What are the most attended events on a particular subject?

• Knowledge meta data for locating resource

An ontological knowledge model

Learner

Document

Event

Software Organisaton

produce

describe

participate

affiliateproducedescribe

host

own

Project

participate

deliver

host

Work package

made-of

Topic

keyword

expertise

Know

• Concepts

• Attributes

• Direct attributes

• inferred attributes

• Direct facts

• [Learner1 participate WP1]

• [WP1 deliver Document1]

• [Document1 keyword Topic1]

• Rules

• [L1 produce D1] and [D1 topic T1]

[L1 expertise T1]

• [L1 produce D1] and [L2 produce D1]

[L1 know L2]

• Inferred facts

• [L1 expertise T1], [L1 know L2]

Building ontology in protégé

Populating the knowledge model

• Semantic annotation– Create instance – Fulfill ontology definition– Manually or automatically

• Rules– Define inferred attributes using direct

attributes– Support inference for dynamic facts– Reduce redundant and inconsistent facts

ns:barry

ns:UoS

Tao

ns:WP5ns:John

Ont:affiliateTo

Ont:LastName

Ont:WorkpackageOnt:know

Ont:Organisation

Ont:Person

XMLSchema:string

Ont:Workpackage

Ont:Person

Ont:Deliverable

Is-aIs-a

Is-a

Is-a

Is-a

Is-a

ns:D51

Ont:deliver

XMLSchema:string

Is-a

Semantic Management

Services

Ont:Name

Semantic web enriched data

• Ontology– Explicit definitions

• Concepts

• Relations

– Richer constraints in OWL• Cardinality

• Semantic Annotation– Create instance representing

entities in the application data– Fulfill definition/constraints

through controlled annotation– Store as RDF triple statements

ns:barry

ns:WP5

Ont:Workpackage

Ont:Person

Is-a1

RDF Triples of the Semantic Annotation

ns:barry

ns:WP5

Ont:Workpackage

Ont:Person

Is-a

Subject

predicate

object

Business Logic Service Node

ontologySemantic

annotations(binding triples)

Domain data

Ontology API such as Jena, Protégé OWL API

Semantic Management Service Core Functionality Java implementation

Web Service Interface in WSDL

Ontology management

Semantic Annotation

Semantic Query

Knowledge reuse

Portlet Service Node

JSR168 Portlets (WARs)

Ontology registry Portlet

Annotator Portlet

Triple Query Portlet

Web Service Proxy

Portal Server Node

Bus

ines

s Lo

gic

Ser

vice

Dev

elop

er,

GU

I des

igne

r/S

ervi

ce r

euse

End

Use

r

JSF Node

Jave Server Face

End user node (Browser)

End user node (Browser)

End user node (Browser)

Customized/Personalised

Portal 1

End user PC

3rd party Stand alone

application

Customized/Personalised

Portal 2

Semantic Management

Wizard

Web Service Proxy

Technical Architecture

• Business Logic of the semantic management functions

• Based on Jena RDF API

• Tomcat Axis Web service

• Interface described in WSDL

• Oriented to service consumers

• J2EE

• JSF/Portlet

• Web service proxy (reusing services)

• Oriented to customizable GUI designers

• Delivered as WAR files

• Portal (reusing portlets)

• End users oriented

• 3rd party applications

Semantic Management Services

• Tomcat Axis web service

• Managing ontology

• Semantically annotating resources

• Semantic query of the annotated resource

Sequence Diagram of using the semantic management services

Business Logic Service Node

ontologySemantic

annotations(binding triples)

Domain data

Ontology API such as Jena, Protégé OWL API

Semantic Management Service Core Functionality Java implementation

Web Service Interface in WSDL

Ontology management

Semantic Annotation

Semantic Query

Knowledge reuse

Portlet Service Node

JSR168 Portlets (WARs)

Ontology registry Portlet

Annotator Portlet

Triple Query Portlet

Web Service Proxy

Portal Server Node

Bus

ines

s Lo

gic

Ser

vice

Dev

elop

er,

GU

I des

igne

r/S

ervi

ce r

euse

End

Use

r

JSF Node

Jave Server Face

End user node (Browser)

End user node (Browser)

End user node (Browser)

Customized/Personalised

Portal 1

End user PC

3rd party Stand along

application

Customized/Personalised

Portal 2

Semantic Management

Wizard

Web Service Proxy

Portlet development

• Business Logic of the semantic management functions

• Based on Jena RDF API

• Tomcat Axis Web service

• Interface described in WSDL

• Oriented to service consumers

• J2EE

• JSF/Portlet

• Web service proxy (reusing services)

• Oriented to customizable GUI designers

• Delivered as WAR files

• Portal (reusing portlets)

• End users oriented

• 3rd party applications

Business Logic Service Node

ontologySemantic

annotations(binding triples)

Domain data

Ontology API such as Jena, Protégé OWL API

Semantic Management Service Core Functionality Java implementation

Web Service Interface in WSDL

Ontology management

Semantic Annotation

Semantic Query

Knowledge reuse

Portlet Service Node

JSR168 Portlets (WARs)

Ontology registry Portlet

Annotator Portlet

Triple Query Portlet

Web Service Proxy

Portal Server Node

Bus

ines

s Lo

gic

Ser

vice

Dev

elop

er,

GU

I des

igne

r/S

ervi

ce r

euse

End

Use

r

JSF Node

Jave Server Face

End user node (Browser)

End user node (Browser)

End user node (Browser)

Customized/Personalised

Portal 1

End user PC

3rd party Stand along

application

Customized/Personalised

Portal 2

Semantic Management

Wizard

Web Service Proxy

Aggregating portlets for customizable Portal

• Business Logic of the semantic management functions

• Based on Jena RDF API

• Tomcat Axis Web service

• Interface described in WSDL

• Oriented to service consumers

• J2EE

• JSF/Portlet

• Web service proxy (reusing services)

• Oriented to customizable GUI designers

• Delivered as WAR files

• Portal (reusing portlets)

• End users oriented

• 3rd party applications

Summary

• Life long learning and collaborative building and managing of the learning experiences– Ontology driven– Learner centered

• The concept of Learning Experience modeling and its sharing on the semantic web

• SOA for scalability and expandability– Semantic management web service– Portlet service