kit – university of the state of baden-wuerttemberg and national research center of the helmholtz...

KIT – University of the State of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Research Center of the Helmholtz Association

INSTITUTE FOR TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY / THERMAL WASTE TREATMENT DIVISION

www.kit.edu

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Management ofManagement ofWaste Incineration Waste Incineration

ResiduesResidues

2nd SYNERGIA Forum June 10, 2010, Athens

National Hellenic Research Foundation

J. VehlowInstitute for Technical Chemistry -Thermal Waste Treatment Division

J. Vehlow INSTITUTE FOR TECHNICAL CHEMISTRY THERMAL WASTE TREATMENT DIVISION

flows of solid masses in a MSWI plant in kg

MSW1000

filter scrubberfurnace / boiler

7 – 152 - 5

150 – 250

20 – 40(dry)

12 – 18(wet withouteffluents)

0,5 - 2(wetwith effluents)

< 0,05

Fe 20 - 50

non Fe 5 - 15


minerals in bottom ash

glass

gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7)

iron oxide (Fe3O4)


selected elements in bottom ash and lithosphere


German standards for landfilland utilisation

DIN EN 12457-4


TOC in bottom ash (ASR co-combustion in full scale)

day 1

day 2

day 3

day 4

day 18

day 19

day 20

day 21

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

TOC in wt %


PCDD/F in bottom ash (ASR co-combustion in full scale)

day 1

day 2

day 3

day 4

day 18

day 19

day 20

day 21

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8PCDD/F in ng[TE]/kg


PCDD/F in grate ashes between 1985 and 2005

soil

1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

PC

DD

/F i

n n

g(T

E)/

kg

0.1

1.0

10.0

100.0

1000.0

10000.0


DIN EN

12457 - 4

metals

pH influence on heavy metal leaching

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

pH

log

(c

on

ce

ntr

ati

on

)


pH reduction by aging

day 1

day 2

day 4

day 18

day 19

day 20

day 21

9 10 11 12 13 14

pH in eluate

fresh aged


pH influence on leaching of Pb


treatment of bottom ash for utilisation (Hamburg)

utilisation

(source: Zwahr 2005)

storage formaturing

beltscale

>10 mm

airclassifier

beltscale

tofurnace

sieve10mm

<10 mm

raw ash

sieve32mm

magneticseparation

eddy currentseparation

ferrousscrap

<32 mm

nonferrousscrap

impactcrusher

magneticseparation

eddy currentseparation

sieve32mm

ferrousscrap

nonferrousscrap

>32 mm

>32 mm

disposal


DEV S4 results of 26 bottom ash samples


DIN EN 38414-4 leaching of various materials

Cr

Ni

Cu

Zn

Pb

0.1 1 10 100results in % of LAGA limit for utilisation

bottom ash rec. concrete gravel


bottom ash treatment for quality improvement

filter APCboiler

• washing• metal separation• sieving• aging• fusion


DEV S4 leaching of treated grate ashes

Ni

Cu

Zn

Pb

0.1 1 10 100results in % of LAGA limit for utilisation

aged sintered fused


bottom ash management in selected EU countries


selected pollutants in bottom and filter ash

PCDD/F

concentration in mg/kg (PCDD/F in ng[TE]/kg)


filter APCboiler

• solidification• stabilisation• vitrification• leaching/sintering• asphalt filler• salt mine backfilling• central storage for future mining

boiler and filter ash management options

• washing• metal separation• sieving• aging• fusion


boiler filt

er

1.

sc

rub

be

r

2.

sc

rub

be

r

Hg recovery

extraction

heavy metal recovery

liquid

extrusion

binder

grate ash+ 3R product

scheme of the 3R Process


conclusions

bottom ashes - can be utilized as building material e.g. in road construction- secondary treatment pays only if a high quality of the

products can be achieved

fly ashes - disposal depends on local conditions - inertisation processes are developed- storage for future mining

gas cleaning strategy- should be selected according to the best residue disposal

option

kit – university of the state of baden-wuerttemberg and national research center of the helmholtz...

Documents

scale day

vehlow institute

aging day

ngtekg slide

lithosphere slide

leaching of pb slide

ph log concentration

eluate freshaged slide