If the store has things classified, it makes it easier and faster to locate items

Grocery stores classify items by type

baking items, dairy items, frozen food,

Post offices classify mail by destinationzip code, then street, then house number

Schools classify students by traitsgrade number, gender, academic ability

*items in green should be written down

Scientists have identified more than 2 million species of organisms here on Earth

Scientists group organisms based on similarities

When organisms are arranged in groups, they are easier to study

Classifying organisms into groups is called Taxonomy

What does a cassowary look like?What does a cassowary eat?How big is a cassowary?

It has wings It has feathers It has hollow bones It has a beak It is probably an

omnivore It can be seen using only

the eyes

Classification clues us in

The basic structure of an organisms doesn’t change.

What would happen if we classified organisms based on color?

A zebra and a zebra fish would be cousins!

Kingdom # of Cells Photosynthesis? Nucleus? Examples

PlantsDon’t MoveGreen

AnimalsMove around

Fungi didn’t fit…Can grow in the darkSpring up overnightNeed dead things to

grow on

So we created a 3rd kingdom for Fungi

MOLD YEAST

TRUFFLES MUSHROOMS

Until microscope technology allowed us to see smaller organisms

They could move like animals, but had only one cell

They didn’t have to “mate” to reproduce

Paramecium

Single celledLive in water or very

moist environmentsMost can moveSome are

photosyntheticMany are parasites

EUGLENA GIARDIA

ALGAE AMOEBA

We noticed differences in nuclei

Some organisms didn’t have a nucleus at all – only a single chromosome floating in the cytoplasm

STREP BACTERIA STAPH BACTERIA

E. COLI BACTERIA MENINGIOCOCCAL BACTERIA

SLEEPING SICKNESS PNEUMONIA

AnimaliaPlantaeFungiProtistaMonera

Many scientists want to divide the moneran kingdom and make a 6th kingdom because bacteria can be very different.

Archaebacteria – weirdEubacteria – normal

Viruses aren’t technically alive because they can’t live without a host

EBOLA INFLUENZA

COLD H.I.V

Just like when you send a letter to Portugal, first you specify the country, then the city, then the street, then the building, then the floor number, then left or right, then the room number. Otherwise it would be impossible to find people.

KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies

Once upon a time, in a kingdom far, far away, there lived a prince named Phillip…

Carollus Linneaus

Linneaus wrote in the margin of his notebook…KingPhilCame OverFor Gun Shot

King KingdomPhil PhylumCame ClassOver OrderFor FamilyGun GenusShot Species

Remember, living things are classified on similarities in structure.

A Snowy Owl belongs to the animal kingdom because it can move it is made of more than one cell it has to eat

A Snowy Owl belongs to the Chordata Phylum because It has a spinal cord It has bones

A Snowy Owl belongs to the Order Strigiformes because It is a carnivore It has large, sharp talons

A snowy owl belongs to the family Stringidae because

It has a hooked beakIt has a round faceIt hunts at night

A Snowy Owl belongs to the genus Bubo because

It lives in the Northern HemisphereIt has a fourth talon

A Snowy Owl belongs to the scandiacus species because

It is whiteIt weighs about 40 gramsIt has dense downy feathers

A snowy owl is more like a barn owl than an earthworm.

Example: Homo sapiens = humans

A Felis familiarisB Canis familiarisC Canis lupus