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Fact File/Bahrain
FACT FILE
KINGDOM OF BAHRAIN
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Fact File/Bahrain
Introduction
Bahrain is the first country to discover petroleum in 1932.Bahrain announced its independence in
December 1971 after Britain’s decision to withdraw its forces. Bahrain has a diversified
economy with many multinational firms. A large part of Bahrain's economy depends on oil and
petroleum production however. Other industries in Bahrain include aluminum smelting, iron
pelletization, fertilizer production, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing and
tourism.
Geography
Bahrain is located at the east of Saudi Arabia in the Middle East region. The total land area is
760 sqkm whereas the length of its coastline is 161Km.Bahrain is an archipelago of 40 islands in
the Arabian Gulf midway between the Qatar peninsula and Saudi Arabia. Bahrain Island is a
pear-shaped land mass 48 km. long and 16 km. wide. Bahrain is connected to Saudi Arabia by
23-km causeway, which opened in November 1986
The capital city is Manama. It is divided into five governorates.
Government:
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Fact File/Bahrain
Head of State: King Hamad bin Essa Al-Khalifa
Head of Government: Shaikh Khalifa bin Salman Al-Khalifa
Crown Prince and Commander-in-chief of the Bahrain Defense Force: Shaikh Salman bin
Hamad Al-Khalifa.
National Assembly is based on Shura Council and the Council of Representatives .Bahrain
appreciates interest and involvement of the citizens in the decision making process. In 1930
Shura Council was established which was the first milestone towards democracy. The Shura
Council has played a significant role in creating a functioning democratic government. The
Shura Council is composed of 40 members appointed by Royal order for the term of four years.
The Council of Representatives is working efficiently with Shura Council to strengthen
democracy.
Population:
As on the 27th of April 2010, the population of the Kingdom of Bahrain was, 1,234,571, of
whom 568,399 were Bahrainis and 666,172 were non-Bahrainis.
Head of State
Head of Government
Shura Council
Council of Representatives
Crown Prince C.I.C
Bahrain Defence Forces
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Fact File/Bahrain
The proportion of the non Bahraini population has increased to about 16% since year 2001 as
reaching from 38% to 54% in 2010.The average annual growth rate of the total population is
7.38%,for Bahrainis it is 3.82 and 11.7% for non-Bahrainis.
Age Composition:
Age Composition Bahrainis Non-Bahrainis
0-15 31.8% 10%
15-64 64% 89.6%
65 above 4.1% 0.4%
The working age group that makes the largest force among the total age groups of Bahrainis and
non-Bahrainis has increased since 2001. As non-Bahrainis make up a huge chunk of population
the working age group of non-Bahrainis is 89.6%.
Population by nationality groups
Oceanian Americans European African Asian Other
Arabs
GCC
Nationals
Bahraini
1295 4623 11763 19548 562,040 58,213 8,690 568,399
46%
54%
0%
Demography
Bahraini Non-Bahraini
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Fact File/Bahrain
Population statistics in terms of sex
Sex Bahraini Non-Bahraini
Male 287,239 481,175
Female 281,160 184,997
0% 0% 1% 2%
45%
5%
1%
46%
Population by nationality groups
Oceanian
Americans
Europeans
Africans
Asian
Other Arabs
GCC nationals
Bahraini
23%
39%
23%
15%
Population Indicators in terms of Sex
Bahraini males
Non-Bahraini males
Bahraini females
Non-Bahraini females
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Fact File/Bahrain
Defence:
Since the very beginning Bahrain has maintained a small, active and well trained military force.
The Military well known as Bahrain Defence force consists of Royal Bahraini Army, Royal
Bahraini Air force and Royal Bahraini Naval force and the Royal Guard. Bahrain’s defence
spending has been steady since 2000 showing the massive increase in expenditure in the year
2011 after the country went through series of demonstrations against the government. The
military spending during the year 2011 has been US$873.
Military Expenditures US $ (m)
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
356 370 366 364 199 582 518 573 575 711 747 873
Military expenditures as percentage of GDP
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
4.7 4.8 4 5.6 4.4 3.5 3.1 3 2.76 3.4 3.3 3.3
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
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Fact File/Bahrain
Arms imports of Bahrain (value of deliveries in US$ Millions)
Bahrain has imported arms equipments from Britain valued of more than one million in the
months after the demonstrations in the year 2011. They included licenses for gun silencers,
weapons sights, rifles, artillery and components for military training aircraft.
86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99
91 418 126 97 328 79 122 86 106 72 132 90 101 70
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
Series 1
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Fact File/Bahrain
Total active military manpower 2012
1990 1993 2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
6,000 7,150 11,000 10,700 11,200 11,200 11,200 8,200 8,200 8,200 8,200 8,200 8,200
Active Military manpower in 2012 =8,200
Army: 6000
Airforce: 1500
Navy : 700
Main battle tanks:180
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Series 1
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Fact File/Bahrain Wing combat aircraft:39
Special forces 1 bn
Manoeuvre
Armored 1 armd bde(–) (1 recce bn, 2 armd bn)
Mechanized 1 inf bde (2 mech bn, 1 mot bn)
Light
1 (Amiri) gd bn
Operational Armored fighting Vehicles
MRAP’S :55
ALFY/RECCE/LTTNK:55
APCS: 320
Air defence:
Combat Aircraft:38
Armed helicopters:28
F-16’S: 21
F-5E/F 12
Navy
Naval Ships:78
Warships:7
Total Operational Self-Propelled Multiple Rocket Launchers:157
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Fact File/Bahrain
Economy:
Bahrain is the well established financial hub in the gulf region. It has maintained to survive and
grow while diverting away from oil economy. According to statistics of Central Bank of Bahrain
Bahrain’s GDP during the year 2012 is US$ 21,871.62.Bahrain’s GDP economy has been
growing four to five percent per year between 2005 and 2010.In year 2011 showed 1.5% decline
due to civil and political unrest.
The period of 2005-2010 showed growth in the volume of service exports by 40% while the non-
oil exports trebeled. According to Global Competitiveness report produced by World Economic
Forum Bahrain was ranked as the 37th
most competitive country in the world.
The year 2011 showed the 5% growth in Banking Sector,7% growth in Industrial Sector,2%
growth in service centre from the previous year. While Hotel & Tourism and Investment sector
suffered negative growth. Having been the first to discover oil in 1932, Bahrain’s economy is
now well diversified and one of the acknowledged banking, financial services, and human
resources development and training centres of the Gulf.
40%
1% 23%
24%
12%
Corporate Sector 2011
Banking Hotel and Tourism Industrial Sector
Investment Sector Services sector
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Fact File/Bahrain The Industrial sectors include Aluminium, crafts centre, food and pharmaceutical ,garment sector
petrochemical and plastics and other small and medium industries.
GDP GROWTH:
0.00%
0.50%
1.00%
1.50%
2.00%
2.50%
3.00%
3.50%
4.00%
4.50%
2009 2010 2011 2012*
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Fact File/Bahrain
Total Exports US$ 15.13 billion (2010 estimate)
Export commodities Petroleum, petroleum products, aluminum
Total Imports US$ 15.64 billion (2008 estimate)
Import Commodities Crude oil, machinery, chemicals
Export major partners Saudi Arabia ,US, UAE
Import major partners Saudi Arabia, Japan, US, Germany, UK, UAE,
China
Bahrain 2030 Vision:
Bahrain has successfully broadened the horizons if it’s economic sector over the past years.
Bahrain has embarked for the 2030 Vision – the vision to become global contenders. The main
focus of this plan is to develop the number and the quality of jobs for young Bahrainis. Moreover
the country is looking towards strengthening the economy that is independent of oil by
encouraging investment in selected sectors such as tourism, business services, manufacturing and
logistics and developing the quality of export market.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS:
0%
29%
16%
55%
GDP composition by sector
Agriculture Industry Services
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Fact File/Bahrain Bahrain-Pakistan relations:
Pakistan's Exports to Bahrain in year 2011 were of US$ 85.392millions while the Bahrain’s
exports to Pakistan were of US$320.55 millions. Pakistan’s major exports to Bahrain comprise
of traditional products including rice, cotton yarn, woven cotton fabrics, fish, fruits and
vegetables, carpets, rugs and sports goods etc.
Pakistan’s export to Bahrain
00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11
43.818 43.121 42.063 38.031 42.425 45.385 53.687 76.776 76.292 64.933 85.392
Some 35 Pakistani companies set up their stalls in the 17th Annual Autumn Fair, held in Bahrain
in January, 2006. They displayed textiles goods, readymade garments, furniture, leather garments
and silver items. Bahrain business delegations have regularly attended the annual EXPO-
Pakistan since 2005, in Karachi.
43.818 43.121 42.063 38.031
42.425 45.385
53.687
76.776 76.292
64.933
85.392
0 0 0 0
0 0
0
0 0
0
0
0 0 0 0
0 0
0
0 0
0
0
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
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Fact File/Bahrain
Commodity Description 2009 2010 2011
Cereals 36.41 37.10 31.25
Cotton 16.68 21.98 26.26
Meat and edible meat offal 2.57 11.86 13.41
Edible fruit, nuts, melons 1.36 1.39 3.33
Edible vegetables 0.94 1.59 2.04
Bahrain’s export to Pakistan:
00-01 01-02 02-03 03-04 04-05 05-06 06-07 07-08 08-09 09-10 10-11
75.897 58.799 37.478 74.374 58.622 53.944 171.321 91.222 88.179 262.779 320.554
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Fact File/Bahrain
Commodity
Description
2009 2010 2011
Ores, slag and ash 6.78 - 26.79
Organic Chemicals - - 22.68
Aluminium Articles 14.08 5.50 8.00
Iron and steel 1.05 5.38 4.89
Plastics and articles 0.18 1.08 1.80
The Pakistani community in Bahrain totals around 65,000 who have contributed significantly
towards development in the both public and private sectors. Pakistanis are employed in various
sectors while the majority is employed in BDF and Public security Service. The Pakistani
community is the second largest expatriate community after the Indians in Bahrain.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
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Fact File/Bahrain Two Pakistani Schools, affiliated with Higher Secondary Education Boards in Pakistan, with a
combined enrolment and pr of nearly 4,500 students, serve the basic educational needs of the
Pakistani community.
Defence Cooperation:
Since the very beginning Forces of Pakistan and Bahrain have strong strategic ties. The
collaboration started in 1970 when Bahrain imported substantial POF products. Bahraini officers
are getting training in the Command and Staff College and Naval Courses. A Protocol
Agreement on deputation of Pakistan Armed Forces personnel was signed in November 1997.
Pak-Bahrain Joint ventures
Al- Baraka Islamic Bank, B.S.C. (E.C.), Lahore
Gulf Air, Karachi
Al-Faysal Investment Bank Ltd., Islamabad
Al-Meezan Investment Bank Ltd., Karachi
Cherat Cement Company Ltd., Karachi
Engro Chemical (Pakistan) Ltd., Karachi
FFC-Jordan Fertilizer Company Ltd., Rawalpindi
Faysal Bank Ltd., Karachi
Fecto Cement Ltd., Karachi