KINGDOM ANIMALIA

Unit 2 - Biodiversity

2

Hierarchy-Taxonomic Groups

Domain Kingdom Phylum (Division – used for

plants) Class Order Family

Genus Species

BROADEST TAXON

How are the Kingdoms Organized?

Type of cells- prokaryotic/eukaryotic

# of Cells - unicellular/multicellular

Feeding - autotrophic/heterotrophic

Cell Structure- No cell wall

What is a Prokaryotic Cell

What is a Eukaryotic Cell

No Nucleus Nucleus

What is Unicellular?

What is Multicellular?

One cellMore than one

cell

What is an Autotroph?

Make their own food

What is a Heterotroph?

Do NOT make their own food

K. Animalia Characteristics

Multicellular – many cells

Heterotrophic – consume other organisms for energy

Eukaryotic – Have a nucleus

Lack cell walls – have NO cell walls

Animal Organization

K. Animalia is divided into 9 phyla based on: Level of organization

(cellular, tissue, organ system etc.)

Body symmetry (asymmetry, radial, or

bilateral) Cephalization

(concentration of sensory tissue at the head)

Body cavity formation

We will concentrate on:

Level of Organization Cellular, tissue,

organ … Body Symmetry

Radial vs bilateral vs assymetrical

Mode of Reproduction Sexual vs. Asexual

Energy Source Endothermic vs

Ectothermic

9 Phyla of the Animal Kingdom

CHORDATES Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

SPONGES CNIDARIANS FLATWORMS ROUNDWORMS MOLLUSKS ANNELIDS ARTHROPODS ECHINODERMS

VERTABRATES INVERTABRATES

2 main groups

No spinal column Spinal column

Invertebrates Vertebrates

Animals with a spinal cord and an endoskeleton.

Vertebrates

Fish

Aquatic, have fins, scales and gills.

Herbivores, carnivores, parasites and filter feeders.

Sexual – eggs fertilized internally or externally

Bilateral body symmetry

Ectothermic or cold blooded

Found in water

Amphibians

Their skin is usually smooth and lacks scales, hair, and feathers. Their skin must remain moist to aid in breathing. They lack claws on their toes.

Herbivores as youth and carnivorous as adults.

Sexual reproduction – eggs fertilized internally or externally

Bilateral body symmetry Ectothermic or cold blooded In water as larva and on land

as adults.

Reptiles

Their skin has scales and is dry. They have claws on their toes, teeth and lay eggs on land.

Herbivores and carnivores

Sexual Reproduction – eggs fertilized internally.

Bilateral Ectothermic or cold

blooded Found in Temperate

Climates

Birds

Their skin is covered with feathers. They have four-chambered hearts. Their bones are lightweight and usually hollow. Their forelimbs are modified as wings. They lay eggs.

Herbivores and carnivores Sexual reproduction – eggs

fertilized internally. Bilateral Symmetry Endothermic or warm

blooded Found everywhere.

Mammals

They have hair, which varies greatly among species. Most have sweat glands. They have mammary (milk-secreting) glands to feed their young.

Herbivores and carnivores

Sexual Reproduction –fertilized internally.

Bilateral body symmetry

Endothermic or warm blooded

Found almost everywhere

No spinal columnSome with exoskeletons

Invertebrates

Porifera (poh-RIF-ur-uh)

Sedentary. Body is made of cells and tissues surround by a water filled space but there is no true body cavity.

filter feeders Sexual & asexual

(budding) Asymmetrical body

symmetry Ectothermic or cold

blooded Live in aquatic

environments, mostly marine.

Cnidaria (ny-Dayr-ee-uh)

Are all radial in symmetry, have stinging tentacles to catch prey.

carnivorous and filter feeders

Sexual & asexual (budding) reproduction

Radial Symmetry Ectothermic or cold

blooded Marine and fresh water

Platyhelminthes (plat-ih-hel-min-theez) Most are free living

and parasitic. carnivores and

parasitic Sexual

(hermaphrodites) & asexual (fission) reproduction

Bilateral body symmetry

Ectothermic or cold blooded

Marine and fresh water

Nematoda (nee-muh-ToHD-uh)

Most are free living and parasitic.

herbivores, carnivores and parasitic

Sexual and hermaphroditic reproduction

Bilateral body symmetry Ectothermic or cold

blooded Live just about

everywhere.

Mollusca (mol-us-ka)

Soft body and sometimes a hard shell Bodies are divided into 3 parts: Head, Foot, and Visceral Hump.

filter feeders, herbivores and carnivores

Bilateral symmetry Ectothermic or cold

blooded Marine, fresh water

and land

Arthropoda (arth-rop-a-da)

A hard outer body covering called an exoskeleton.

Specialized mouth parts. Jointed legs. Compound Eyes. Segmented body

herbivores, carnivores, ominovores

Sexual (internally and externally) reproduction

Bilateral body symmetry Ectothermic or Cold

blooded Found in aquatic and

terrestrial environments

Annelida (uh-Nel-ih-duh)

Soft body worms with sections, possesses a through gut, mouth and anus.

Some parasitic Sexual and

hermaphroditic reproduction

Bilateral body symmetry Ectothermic or

coldblooded Found in soil and fresh

water

Echinodermata (ee-Ky-noh-durmz)

Have bodies with rough skin and sharp spines, possess 5-rayed symmetry. Calcareous skeleton

Sexual (separate sexes) and asexual (regeneration) reproduction

Radial body symmetry Ectothermic or Cold

blooded Found in marine

environments