•All matter is made up of tiny particles
•The particles are in constant motion
•All collisions are elastic
•Force per unit area
•Caused by collisions against a surface
•Gas measured in pressure
Units of Pressure•kPa: kilopascal (Std Unit)
•Pascal: newton/sq. meter
•Atmosphere (Atm):
•mm Hg:
Standard Pressure•101.3 kPa (to be changed)•1.00 Atm•760 mm Hg or Torrs•30.0 inches Hg•1013 millibars
State the Following Laws
• Boyle’s Law
• Charles’ Law
• Gay Lussac’s Law
• Dalton’s Law
• Graham’s Law
•The pressure & volume of a gas at constant
temperature are inversely proportioned
P1V1 = P2V2 = K
• The volume and temperature of a gas at constant pressure
are directly proportioned
V1 V2
T1 T2
= = K
• The pressure and temp. of a gas at constant volume are
directly proportioned
P1 P2
T1 T2
= = K
•Combination of the three formulas
P1V1 P2V2
T1 T2
=
•A gas’s volume is directly proportioned to its number
of moles
V1 V2
n1 n2
= = K
New Combination
P1V1/n1T1 =
P2V2/n2T2 = K
New Combination
P1V1 P2V2
n1 T1 n2T2
= = K
Ideal Gas Law
PV = nRT
•The total pressure = the sum of the partial pressures
PT = P1 + P2 + etc
• The velocities of particles are inversely proportioned to the square root of their masses
v1 M2
v2 M1
=
Calculate the new volume of 5.0 L of
gas when its pressure is doubled and its
temperature is tripled:
Calculate the volume of a gas at STP when it occupied 150.0 mL
at 227oC under303.9 kPa pressure:
Calculate the volume of 3.0 moles of gas at
-23oC under 83.1 kPa pressure.
Calculate the number of moles of gas occupying 831 mL under 250 kPa
at 227oC.
Calculate the ratio of the
velocities of He gas to HCl gas:
Calculate the mass of CO2 occupying 83.1 L under 25 GPa at
227oC
Calculate the molecular mass of 5.0
g of gas occupying 831L under 250
MPa at 227oC
Calculate the density of carbon dioxide at 27oC under 83.1 kPa
pressure
Integrated Formulas
Ideal Gas Law
PV = nRT
Related Formulasm
V
m/n
D or =
M =
M = m/n
n = m/MPV = nRT
mRT
MmRT
PV
PV =
M =
m
V
mRT
PV
D =
M =
m
V
m RT
V P
D =
M =
DRT
P
M P
RT
M =
D =
The total pressure of a system is 120.0 kPa.
The partial pressure of gas A is 112.0 kPa.
Determine the pressure of gas B
Calculate the mass of 831 mL of CO2 at 27oC under 150 kPa
pressure:
Calculate the volume of a gas at STP when it occupies 80.0 mL at 127oC under 303.9 kPa
pressure:
5 Calculate the volume of 4.0 moles of gas
under 83.1 kPa pressure at 127oC:
Calculate the molecular mass of 50 g of gas occupying 831L under 250
MPa at 227oC
Calculate the mass of 831 mL of CO2 at 167oC under 150 kPa
pressure:
The total pressure of a system is 120.0 kPa.
The partial pressure of gas A is 112.0 kPa.
Determine the pressure of gas B
The total pressure of a system is 150.0 kPa. The system contains 50 % A,
30 % B, & 20 % C. Determine the pressure
of each gas.
Calculate the density of carbon dioxide at 27oC under 83.1 kPa
pressure
Calculate the velocity HBr
when the velocity Be is 270 m/s:
Calculate the final volume that 3.0 L of gas
will obtain when the absolute temperature is tripled & the pressure is
halved.
Calculate the mass of CO occupying 831 kL at 227oC under 2.50 Mpa
pressure.
Calculate the volume of H2 formed at 27oC
under 150 kPawhen 6.8 mg NH3
decomposes making N2 & H2.