killrvideo: data modeling evolved (patrick mcfadin, datastax) | cassandra summit 2016
TRANSCRIPT
KillrVideo: Data Modeling Evolved
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Patrick McFadinChief Evangelist for Apache Cassandra, DataStax@PatrickMcFadin
Sherman, set the wayback machine
for 2012
But Mr Peabody!That’s before
CQL3!
History is rarely pretty Sherman
Thrift Insert!
Thrift Select!
CQL 3
KillrVideo
https://killrvideo.github.io/
CQL 3.0 - Cassandra 1.2
•Goodbye CQL 2.0! • Custom secondary indexes • Empty IN
CQL 3.1 - Cassandra 2.0
• Aliases • CREATE <table> IF NOT EXISTS • INSERT IF NOT EXISTS • UPDATE IF • DELETE IF EXISTS • IN supports cluster columns
LWT
CQL 3.2 - Cassandra 2.1
• User Defined Types • Collection Indexing • Indexes can use contains • Tuples?
User Defined Types
CREATE TYPE video_metadata ( height int, width int, video_bit_rate set<text>, encoding text );
User Defined Types
CREATE TABLE videos ( videoid uuid, userid uuid, name varchar, description varchar, location text, location_type int, preview_thumbnails map<text,text>, tags set<varchar>, metadata set <frozen<video_metadata>>, added_date timestamp, PRIMARY KEY (videoid) );
CQL 3.3 - Cassandra 2.2
• Date and Time are now types • TinyInt and SmallInt • User Defined Functions • Aggregates • User Defined Aggregates
User Defined Functions
CREATE TABLE video_rating ( videoid uuid, rating_counter counter, rating_total counter, PRIMARY KEY (videoid) );
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION avg_rating (rating_counter counter, rating_total counter) CALLED ON NULL INPUT RETURNS double LANGUAGE java AS 'return Double.valueOf(rating_total.doubleValue()/rating_counter.doubleValue());';
User Defined Functions
SELECT avg_rating(rating_counter, rating_total) AS avg_rating FROM video_rating WHERE videoid = 99051fe9-6a9c-46c2-b949-38ef78858dd0;
Aggregates
CREATE TABLE video_ratings_by_user ( videoid uuid, userid uuid, rating int, PRIMARY KEY (videoid, userid) );
SELECT count(userid) FROM video_ratings_by_user WHERE videoed = 49f64d40-7d89-4890-b910-dbf923563a33
CQL 3.4 - Cassandra 3.x
• CAST operator • Per Partition Limit •Materialized Views • SASI
Materialized View
CREATE TABLE videos ( videoid uuid, userid uuid, name varchar, description varchar, location text, location_type int, preview_thumbnails map<text,text>, tags set<varchar>, metadata set <frozen<video_metadata>>, added_date timestamp, PRIMARY KEY (videoid) );
Lookup by this?
Materialized View
CREATE TABLE videos_by_location ( videoid uuid, userid uuid, location text, added_date timestamp, PRIMARY KEY (location, videoid) );
Roll your own
Materialized View
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW videos_by_location AS SELECT userid, added_date, videoid, location FROM videos WHERE videoId IS NOT NULL AND location IS NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY(location, videoid);
Cassandra rolls for you
Materialized View Perf
Materialized View Perf
5 Materialized Views vs 5 tables writes async
Materialized View
SELECT location, videoid FROM videos_by_location ;
location | videoid -------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=px6U2n74q3g | 06049cbb-dfed-421f-b889-5f649a0de1ed http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qphhxujn5Es | 873ff430-9c23-4e60-be5f-278ea2bb21bd /us/vid/0c/0c3f7e87-f6b6-41d2-9668-2b64d117102c | 0c3f7e87-f6b6-41d2-9668-2b64d117102c /us/vid/b3/b3a76c6b-7c7f-4af6-964f-803a9283c401 | 99051fe9-6a9c-46c2-b949-38ef78858dd0 /us/vid/b3/b3a76c6b-7c7f-4af6-964f-803a9283c401 | b3a76c6b-7c7f-4af6-964f-803a9283c401 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdJlsOZVGwM | 49f64d40-7d89-4890-b910-dbf923563a33 /us/vid/41/416a5ddc-00a5-49ed-adde-d99da9a27c0c | 416a5ddc-00a5-49ed-adde-d99da9a27c0c
SASI
CREATE TABLE users ( userid uuid, firstname varchar, lastname varchar, email text, created_date timestamp, PRIMARY KEY (userid) );
Lookup by this?
Storage Attached Secondary Index
SASI
SASI
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (firstname) USING 'org.apache.cassandra.index.sasi.SASIIndex' WITH OPTIONS = { 'analyzer_class': 'org.apache.cassandra.index.sasi.analyzer.NonTokenizingAnalyzer', 'case_sensitive': 'false' };
SASI
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (lastname) USING 'org.apache.cassandra.index.sasi.SASIIndex' WITH OPTIONS = {'mode': 'CONTAINS'};
SASI
CREATE CUSTOM INDEX ON users (created_date) USING 'org.apache.cassandra.index.sasi.SASIIndex' WITH OPTIONS = {'mode': 'SPARSE'};
SASI IndexesClient
INSERT INTO users(userid,firstname,lastname,email,created_date) VALUES (9761d3d7-7fbd-4269-9988-6cfd4e188678,’Patrick’,’McFadin’, ’[email protected]’,’2015-06-01’);
userid 1
userid 2
Memtable
SSTable
SSTable
SSTable
SASI Index
Node
Data
lastname
lastname
firstname
firstname
created_date
created_date
SASI Index
SASI Index
Indexer
SASI Queries
SELECT * FROM users WHERE firstname LIKE 'pat%';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE lastname LIKE ‘%Fad%';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE email LIKE '%data%';
SELECT * FROM users WHERE created_date > '2011-6-15' AND created_date < '2011-06-30';
userid | created_date | email | firstname | lastname --------------------------------------+---------------------------------+----------------------+-----------+---------- 9761d3d7-7fbd-4269-9988-6cfd4e188678 | 2011-06-20 20:50:00.000000+0000 | [email protected] | Patrick | McFadin
SASI Guidelines
•Multiple fields to search •No more than 1000 rows returned • You know the partition key • Indexing static columns
Use SASI when…
SASI Guidelines
• Searching large partitions • Tight SLA on reads • Search for analytics • Ordering search is important
Don’t Use SASI when…
Thank you!Questions?
Follow me @PatrickMcFadin