Sustainable Construction and Green Buildings in Malaysia

by Dr. Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar and Ir. Dr. Zuhairi Abd. Hamid

Presentation outline The core concept of sustainable construction

& green buildings Case study of green buildings in Malaysia Policies on sustainable construction & green

buildingsDrivers and challenges to effective

implementation Conclusion and recommendations

PART 1/5: The Core Concept

TREND OF ECONOMIC AND CONSTRUCTION GROWTH TREND OF ECONOMIC AND CONSTRUCTION GROWTH

Global TrendsWorld Population Growth

20

.53

0 18

9.3

23

32

.57

7

1.3

28

.47

4

74

.16

6

61

.33

0

82

.64

1

1.1

51

.75

1

30

2.8

41

60

.51

2

4.2

48

48

.28

2

14

3.2

21

12

7.9

53

58

.77

9

0

200.000

400.000

600.000

800.000

1.000.000

1.200.000

1.400.000

1988-1992

1993-1997

1998-2002

2002-2007

World population 2005: 6.5 Billion World population 2025: 7.9 Billion

What is sustainability and why is it important?

The United Nations Brundtland Commission Report (1987) defined sustainable development and urged the world to take note: “Sustainable development is that which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” A growing global population is straining the finite resources available on the planet. Sustainability seeks to balance the economic, social, and environmental impacts, recognizing that population growth will continue. Sustainable development brings this evaluation to the design and construction industries, which have significant potential to reduce the negative impact of human activities on the environment.

History of Sustainability?Energy efficiency gained importance during the

1970’s oil crisisRecycling efforts in the 1970’s became commonplace

and came to the attention of the building industry1980’s the “sick building syndrome” emerged Projects in water scarce areas began to focus on

water conservationEarly green designs 1990’s integration of all factors would result in a

“high performance” building

Dimensions of SustainabilityEconomic Vs. Social Vs. Ecological Developments

BalancedSustainability

PuristicGreen

ConservationismSocial

EconomicDevelopment

Imperative:• Be aware of the

capability forrecovery

• Keep resources and ecological systems

• Reduce waste

Imperative:• achieve human

needs• spread wealth• Increase local

autarchy• Assure security

and liability

Imperative:• Grow econimcally• Stay profitable• Expand markets• Unfold costs

EconomicSocialSustainability

Environmental

Energy

Water

FoodTransportation

Community

Decision Making

LandResearch

Material Resources& Waste Disposal

The Built Environment

What is Green Technology

Green Technology &

Opportunities

Energy & Technology

Solar powerWind powerEnergy Storage & Transportation

BuildingDesignConstructionBuilding Materials

Public Sector & Utilities

Planning EnergyWater

Benefits of going green Tackling climate changeLeave better environment for the futureImprove quality of lifeSaving natural resourcesCost savings (Incl. life cycle costs and

opportunity costs)Being more energy efficientReducing material waste

NMB Bank Headquarters, Amsterdam

Sloping walls

• deflect noise from busy

road

• redirect winds to prevent

ground-level turbulence

• made from brick (natural

material)

wind

noiseBuilding height

• kept to a

minimum to

prevent outdoor

areas from being

over-shadowed

sunny outdoor spaces

close to the buildings

Glass Roofs

• allow sunlight and warmth deep into the

building (reduce need for artificial lighting and

heating)

• allow plants to grow within the building (creates

appealing and healthy interior)

natural

light to

all levels

Vegetation around

building

• helps to keep air

cleaner

• provide buffer to

the wind

• creates pleasant

outdoor areas for

workers

Energy system

• heating is via gas,

rather than from a

coal-fired plant

(creates less pollution)

• no air-conditioning

in building is needed

because of ventilation

and gas heating

(therefore much less

electricity used)

Images: “Green Design”, Dorothy

Mackenzie, (1991), London: Laurence

King Publishing

NMB Bank Headquarters,

Amsterdam

Images: “Green Design”, Dorothy Mackenzie,

(1991), London: Laurence King Publishing

Materials

• include natural

materials such as timber,

marble and copper

• create a warm and

pleasing environment

(social benefits)

• are locally produced,

therefore reduce

transportation pollution

and resourcesStaircases

designed to be appealing, in order to:

• reduce reliance on lifts

(reduces electricity consumption)

• allow for interaction between co-

workers (social benefits)

• create an architectural feature

Hello!!

natural breezes

natura

l lig

hting

Windows

• allow natural sunlight into

the building (less electricity

used for lighting)

• can be opened to allow

cross-ventilation

(building has no air-

conditioning, and uses much

less electricity)

Rainwater

• is collected from the roof

(reduces mains water

consumption)

• used for water features and to

water plants inside the building

(creates a cool, healthy and

pleasing environment)

water fall

water collected

from roofs

PART 2/5: Case Study

MCIEA 2010 – INNOVATION AWARD WINNERMCIEA 2010 – INNOVATION AWARD WINNERTHE DIAMOND BUILDING, SURUHANJAYA TENAGA MALAYSIATHE DIAMOND BUILDING, SURUHANJAYA TENAGA MALAYSIA

Putra Perdana Sdn. Bhd.

Typical Cross Section

Mirror lightshel

f

Fixed blinds

for glare control

Daylight reflected

onto ceiling

Light Shelves are fitted on glazing to eliminate glare from direct sun penetration and diffuse sky radiation.

DAY-LIGHT HARVESTING Innovation

DAY-LIGHT HARVESTING

Tannenbaum reflector panels are placed on the 4th and the 5th floor of the atrium walls to reflect light down to the opposite side for floors 1 and 2. Roof Light provides Daylight at 7th Floor Seating Area

Innovation

BUILDING INTEGRATED PHOTO-VOLTAIC

‘Seamless’ Integration of Photovoltaics (PV) with metal roof

Innovation

Environmental Friendly Materials

Recycled plaster board(Green Label)

Low VOC paint(Green Label)

Recycled content carpet(Green Label)

SUSTAINABILITY Sustainable Environment

Greenery - Minimize impact on microclimate and human wildlife habitat

Grass-crete pavement

SUSTAINABILITY

Concrete roof Grass roof

Sustainable Environment

View of Board Room

Greywater Recycling

Greywater from wash basins and floor traps

Mini-wetlands

Mini-wetlands (top & side view)

SUSTAINABILITY Sustainable Environment

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450

Energy Efficiency Index (kWh/m2/year)

Cum

ulat

ive

perc

entil

eMalaysia(41 officebuildings)

Singapore(95 officebuildings)

46% reduction in energy consumption

35% reduction in water consumption

Source of chart: EAEF Project 64Project leader: Energy Sustainabilty Unit, Singapore, 2006

BUILDING ENERGY INDEX – 85kWh/m2/year Benefits

PART 3/5: The Policies

The importance of Sustainable Development and Green Technology are highlighted by our YAB Prime Minister during the opening speech of IGEM 2010 as:

1. Green Technology to become new engine of growth for Malaysia

2. Reduce global green house gas emission by 30% in 2020

3. Increased investments in green technology will also make available a wider scope of eco-products and services

In Budget 2010 ( Tabled on 24th October 2009) – Govt. allocated RM 20 billion to intensify green and sustainability awareness.

Creation of the Energy, Green Technology and Water Ministry by The Malaysian Govt.

Launch of the Green Building Index(GBI) with its 6 criteria ( Energy efficiency; indoor environmental quality; sustainable site planning and management; materials and resources; water efficiency; and innovation)

Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy (NRE)

Ministry of Natural Resources and Energy (NRE) / KeTTHA and other related ministries

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY MASTERPLAN 2006-2015

Strategic Thrust 1

Strategic Thrust 2

Strategic Thrust 3

Strategic Thrust 4

Strategic Thrust 5

Strategic Thrust 6

Strategic Thrust 7

Integrate the construction industry value chain to enhance productivity and efficiency

Strengthen the construction industry image

Strive for the highest standard of quality, occupational safety and health and environmental practices

Develop human resource capabilities and capacities in construction industry

Innovate through research and development and adopt new construction methods

Leverage on information and communication technology in the construction industry

Benefit from globalization including the export of construction products and services

Consolidate the industry

Standardise and integrate administrative practices and procedures.

Enhance the professionalism of the construction industry.

Enhance the procure-to-pay (P2P) strategy.

Raise the sophistication level of the construction community

Foster a quality and environmental-friendly culture

Enhance occupational safety and health.

Continuously innovate construction processes and techniques.

Nurture the desire to work in the construction industry amongst the local workforce (building capacity).

Encourage knowledge sharing for continuous improvement.

Stimulate R&D activities through resource-pooling initiative amongst key players and provision of R&D infrastructure.

Promote and enforce the use of skilled labour (building capability).

Adopt MS in the manufacture or import of construction building materials.

Develop local construction software industry.

Develop complimentary industries

Enhance industry’s access to financing

Market the CI in a focused, global manner

Ensure industry sustainability in the liberalised environment.

CSF:Productivity

CSF:Professionalism

CSF:Quality, Environment practices

CSF:Human Resources

CSF:Knowledge, Innovation

CSF:Knowledge, Innovation

CSF:Industry Sustainability

Enabling Recommendations

Review and amend the tax, legal and regulatory framework

Redefine the structure and role of CIDB

Reinforce Bumiputera entrepreneurs’ capabilities and equitable share in the CI value chain

Special Task Group RecommendationsStrengthening the development approval

processEnhancing law and enforcementPromoting self-regulation, reflecting the best

regulatory practices which is necessary to achieve sustainable construction in future

Increasing capacity and public awareness and addressing knowledge gap

Green Rating System

GBI – Green Building Rating System (max)GASSIC – Standard-Based Green Rating

System (min) – ongoing To compliment each others Different target market GBI – completed buildings GASSIC – whole life cycle of buildings GBI – Private sector driven GASSIC – Public sector driven

CREAM was incorporated on 26th March 2004 and started to operate as an institution; a “company limited by guarantee” status with effect from January, 2006

As a research arm of Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), CREAM focuses on the development of the construction industry through enhancing its productivity and competitiveness through R&D

CREAM operates as a non-profit entity

Income generated will be ploughed back to the construction industry

Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM)

PART 4/5: Drivers and Barriers

Government RegulationsInternational Laws and obligations by

NationsIncentivesInternal Strategic PoliciesHigh Cost of Energy (Cost savings

through reduction in energy cost & waste minimisation)

Increased Internal AwarenessIncreased Profitability (Market

positioning…)Promotion of corporate image and

corporate social responsibilities (CSR)Pressure from customers/ClientsPressures from suppliers

PART 5/5: Recommendations

Conclusion and RecommendationsTo further incorporate and applies innovation in

construction in the form of offsite construction to move on-site work to a controlled environment of manufacturing floor.

The introduction and adoption of whole life cycle costing and green procurement

Integrated and effective cooperation and coordination among government and other sector

Conclusion and RecommendationsEnvironmental considerations will be

integrated into all stages of development, programme planning and implementation and all aspects of policy making

A system for formulation of grading and certification mechanisms for competent personnel in green technology

FOR FURTHER INFORMATION:

CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA

MAKMAL KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA

PUSAT IBS, BLOK E, TINGKAT 1

JALAN CHAN SOW LIN

55200 KUALA LUMPUR

MALAYSIA

60-3-9281 0800

60-3-9282 4800

http://www.cream.com.my

THANK YOU

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