Key Cases in Canadian Charter History

Human Rights – History

Hunter v. Southam Inc. 1984

Unreasonable search and seizure

R. vs. Oakes 1985

Innocent until proven guilty

B.C. Motor Vehicle Reference 1985

An automatic conviction carried a prison term of a minimum of seven days!

R. v. Collins 1987

Fundamental Justice

The SCC established that exclusion of illegally obtained evidence is not automatic

Morgentaler 1988

Abortion Laws

Ford v. Quebec 1988

Notwithstanding Clause

R. v. J. 1990

Right to an attorney

R. v. Lavallee (1990)

Battered Wife Syndrome

R. v. Askov 1990

Right to be tried within a reasonable time

Justice delayed is justice denied

R. vs. Stinchcombe 1991

Disclosure

Romeo Phillion spent 31 years in prison and Romeo Phillion spent 31 years in prison and police knew he had a viable alibipolice knew he had a viable alibi

“It was verified by the Service Station operator in Trenton that on August 9/67 Romeo Phillion had been in the service station between 12:00-1:00 p.m. and left his car radio there because he could not pay for the service call.This made it impossible for him to return to Ottawa by 2:45 p.m. at the time the murder was committed.”

Egan v. Canada 1995

Gay Rights

Old Age Spousal benefits

R. v. M. 1998

Students Charter Rights

Quebec Secession Reference 1998

Quebec Secession

B.C. v. BCGSEU 1999

Bona Fide Occupational Requirement

M. v. H. 1999

Gay Rights

Common Law

Benefits!

R. v. Sharpe (2000)

Limits on Freedom of Expression

R. v. Golden 2001

Strip Searches

Rules for Strip Searches

The police must be looking for weapons or drugs The search is authorized by a senior officer The search is done by a same sex officer Body cavity searches are done only by medical

personnel

United States v. Burns 2001

Capital Punishment

Bill C-38

Gay Marriage 2005

On July 20, 2005 the House of Commons voted on and passed Bill C-38 making Canada the 4th country in the world to legalize gay marriages

Charkaoui v. Canada 2007

Security Certificates

Telus - 2013SCC rules the police need a warrant to obtain text messages from providers

R. v. Vu - 2013

Computer Searches

SCC states the police need a warrant to conduct a laptop or cellphone search.

Hassan Rasouli 2013

The SCC rules that doctors cannot unilaterally choose to end life support.

What’s Next?

Marijuana?

Polygamy?

Dr. Assisted Suicide?

Supreme Court of Canada Cases for Student Review

The Right Honourable Chief Justice of Canada,

Beverley McLachlin Justices of the Supreme Court of Canada

Charter Assignment

Students are to review Key Charter Cases PowerPoint. At the end of the PP there are 30 new cases to be analyzed. As a single or in pairs students will select a case, do a brief bit of research and put together a slide or two and brief 5 minute presentation on their topic.

Sue Rodriguez and Dr. Assisted Suicide

A one page case review will be submitted. Included in the review will be:

A print out of the PP slide A synopsis of the case The decision of the SCC and vote count A synopsis of the ratio decidendi A synopsis of the dissenting view (where

applicable) A synopsis of obiter dictum (where applicable) A personal view of the decision

Charter Assignment 2

Create a pamphlet promoting the Charter of Rights and one of the cases, approved by Mr. O’Reilly, at the end of the power point.

Your Rights as a Victim of Crime

Listen Up - Information for Young People

A one page case review will be submitted. Included in the review will be:

A synopsis of the case The decision of the SCC and vote count A synopsis of the ratio decidendi A synopsis of the dissenting view (where

applicable) A synopsis of obiter dictum (where

applicable) A personal view of the decision

1 Tremblay v. Daigle, [1989] 2 S.C.R. 530http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1989/1989rcs2-530/1989rcs2-530.htmlLegal status of fetus; fathers’ rights

2 R. v. Beatty, 2008 SCC 5http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2008/2008scc5/2008scc5.htmlDangerous driving

3 Citadel General Assurance Co. v. Vytlingam, 2007 SCC 46http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc46/2007scc46.htmlVehicle insurance coverage

4 Childs v. Desormeaux, 2006 SCC 18, [2006] 1 S.C.R. 643http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc18/2006scc18.htmlLiability of social hosts

5 Leskun v. Leskun, 2006 SCC 25, [2006] 1 S.C.R. 920http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc25/2006scc25.htmlMisconduct of spouses on divorce

6 Young v. Bella, 2006 SCC 3, [2006] 1 S.C.R. 108http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc3/2006scc3.htmlNegligence re: child abuse

7 R. v. Teskey, 2007 SCC 25http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc25/2007scc25.htmlJudge’s written reasons delivered 11 months after verdict

8 R. v. Spencer, 2007 SCC 11, [2007] 1 S.C.R. 500http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc11/2007scc11.htmlVoluntariness of confession

9 Madsen Estate v. Saylor, 2007 SCC 18, [2007] 1 S.C.R. 838http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc18/2007scc18.htmlJoint accounts, right of survivorship; presumption of advancement

10 Alliance for Marriage and Family v. A.A., 2007 SCC 40http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc40/2007scc40.htmlThe matter of standing in family law case

11 Reference re Same-Sex Marriage, 2004 SCC 79, [2004] 3 S.C.R. 698http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/2004scc79/2004scc79.htmlSame-sex marriage

12 R. v. Krieger, 2006 SCC 47, [2006] 2 S.C.R. 501http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc47/2006scc47.htmlRight to trial by jury

13 R. v. Clayton, 2007 SCC 32http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc32/2007scc32.htmlSearch and seizure; arbitrary detention

14 R. v. B.W.P.; R. v. B.V.N., 2006 SCC 27, [2006] 1 S.C.R. 941http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc27/2006scc27.htmlDeterrence a principle of sentencing under YCJA?

15 R. v. Trotta, 2007 SCC 49http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc49/2007scc49.htmlEvidence after conviction discrediting Crown’s expert witness

16 R. v. Singh, 2007 SCC 48http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc48/2007scc48.htmlRight to silence

17 R. v. Marshall, [1999] 3 S.C.R. 456http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1999/1999rcs3-456/1999rcs3-456.htmlTreaty rights; fishing rights

18 R. v. Ewanchuk, [1999] 1 S.C.R. 330http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1999/1999rcs1-330/1999rcs1-330.htmlSexual assault; implied consent

19 Charkaoui v. Canada (Citizenship and Immigration), 2007 SCC 9, [2007]1 S.C.R. 350http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc9/2007scc9.htmlCertificates of inadmissibility; review of detention

20 Trinity Western University v. British Columbia College of Teachers,2001 SCC 31, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 772http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc31/2001scc31.htmlDiscrimination on the basis of religion

20 Trinity Western University v. British Columbia College of Teachers,2001 SCC 31, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 772http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc31/2001scc31.htmlDiscrimination on the basis of religion

21 E.B. v. Order of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate in the Province ofBritish Columbia, 2005 SCC 60, [2005] 3 S.C.R. 45http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2005/2005scc60/2005scc60.htmlVicarious liability of employer

22 Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law v. Canada(Attorney General), 2004 SCC 4, [2004] 1 S.C.R. 76http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/2004scc4/2004scc4.htmls.43 CC ~ Corporal Punishment (spanking)

23 Trociuk v. British Columbia (Attorney General), 2003 SCC 34, [2003] 1S.C.R. 835http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2003/2003scc34/2003scc34.htmlBirth registration laws violating s.15 equality rights of fathers

24 R. v. Ruzic, 2001 SCC 24, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 687http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc24/2001scc24.htmlDefence of duress

25 R. v. Latimer, 2001 SCC 1, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 3http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc1/2001scc1.htmlSentencing; minimum punishment cruel and unusual?

26 United States v. Burns, 2001 SCC 7, [2001] 1 S.C.R. 283http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2001/2001scc7/2001scc7.htmlExtradition Ms. Rubacha

27 Pecore v. Pecore, 2007 SCC 17, [2007] 1 S.C.R. 795http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2007/2007scc17/2007scc17.htmlWills and estates

28 R. v. Mann, 2004 SCC 52, [2004] 3 S.C.R. 59http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/2004scc52/2004scc52.htmlSearch of pockets

29 D.B.S. v. S.R.G.; L.J.W. v. T.A.R.; Henry v. Henry; Hiemstra v.Hiemstra, 2006 SCC 37, [2006] 2 S.C.R. 231http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc37/2006scc37.htmlRetroactive child support

30 R. v. Tessling, 2004 SCC 67, [2004] 3 S.C.R. 432http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2004/2004scc67/2004scc67.htmlSearch and seizure based on aerial heat imaging

31 Moge v. Moge, [1992] 3 S.C.R. 813http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1992/1992rcs3-813/1992rcs3-813.htmlTermination of spousal support

32 R. v. Askov, [1990] 2 S.C.R. 1199http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1990/1990rcs2-1199/1990rcs2-1199.htmlDelay in trial

33 R. v. Ferguson, 2008 SCC 6http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2008/2008scc6/2008scc6.htmlCruel and unusual punishment

34 Rodriguez v. British Columbia (Attorney General), [1993] 3 S.C.R. 519http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/1993/1993rcs3-519/1993rcs3-519.htmlDoctor assisted suicide

35. R. v. A.M., 2008 SCC 19 http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2008/2008scc19/2008scc19.htmlDrug Dogs in Schools

36. Gurbaj Singh Multani http://scc.lexum.umontreal.ca/en/2006/2006scc6/2006scc6.htmlWearing a Kirpan (religious dagger at school)

Legal Topics for Police: Interrogations and Confessions

http://www3.telus.net/prtc/Voluntariness.Paper02.html