kdcpp (kentucky diabetes control and prevention program) the power of primary prevention take...

KDCPP (Kentucky Diabetes Control and Prevention Program)

The The PowerPower of Primary of Primary PreventionPrevention

Take control to help prevent type 2 Take control to help prevent type 2 diabetesdiabetes..


Burden of DiabetesBurden of Diabetes

• 18.2 million in the U.S. have 18.2 million in the U.S. have diabetes.diabetes.

• 13 million have been 13 million have been diagnosed.diagnosed.

• 5.2 million have diabetes and 5.2 million have diabetes and don’t know it.don’t know it.


• About 376,100 (12% or 1 in every 8) adult Kentuckians About 376,100 (12% or 1 in every 8) adult Kentuckians have diabetes (1/3 don’t know they have it).have diabetes (1/3 don’t know they have it).

• Kentucky ties for 7Kentucky ties for 7thth in the nation for the highest in the nation for the highest percentage of the adult population with diabetes.percentage of the adult population with diabetes.

Diabetes in Diabetes in KentuckyKentucky


Kentucky is Kentucky is High Risk for Diabetes!High Risk for Diabetes!

• One in every two or three (40%) adult One in every two or three (40%) adult Kentuckians ages 40-74 have pre-diabetes and Kentuckians ages 40-74 have pre-diabetes and are at very high risk of developing diabetes!are at very high risk of developing diabetes!

Risk factorsRisk factors::

• AgeAge

• Overweight Overweight

• Sedentary LifestyleSedentary Lifestyle


Cost of the DiseaseCost of the Disease

• $132 billion a year in $132 billion a year in cost.cost.

• $13,243 a year for a $13,243 a year for a person with diabetes.person with diabetes.

• $2,560 a year for a $2,560 a year for a person who does not person who does not have diabetes.have diabetes.


How Many are Diagnosed How Many are Diagnosed In the U.S.?In the U.S.?

• 800,000 people are diagnosed 800,000 people are diagnosed each year.each year.

• 2,000 people are diagnosed each 2,000 people are diagnosed each day.day.

• 90 people are diagnosed each 90 people are diagnosed each hour.hour.


Who Is At Risk?Who Is At Risk?

• Age 45 or olderAge 45 or older

• Ethnic or minority Ethnic or minority populationpopulation

• OverweightOverweight

• Family history of Family history of diabetesdiabetes

• History of Gestational History of Gestational diabetes or large babydiabetes or large baby

• InactiveInactive

• High blood pressureHigh blood pressure» Pre-diabetesPre-diabetes

• High blood fatsHigh blood fats

• Darkening of the skinDarkening of the skin

• Polycystic ovary syndromePolycystic ovary syndrome


Take the Test. Know Take the Test. Know Your ScoreYour Score

• Know your risk for developing diabetes.Know your risk for developing diabetes.

• Take the test developed by the Take the test developed by the American Diabetes Association.American Diabetes Association.

• Find out your Risk.Find out your Risk.


Could You Be at Risk?Could You Be at Risk?

Could you or a loved one have diabetes Could you or a loved one have diabetes and not know it?and not know it?


Signs and Symptoms of Signs and Symptoms of Type 2 DiabetesType 2 Diabetes

• ThirstThirst

• HungerHunger

• Unexplained Unexplained tirednesstiredness

• More urinationMore urination than usual than usual

• Blurred visionBlurred vision

• Sores that won’t healSores that won’t heal

• Dry itchy skinDry itchy skin

• Many people have no Many people have no symptomssymptoms


What is the Cause for the What is the Cause for the Increase in Type 2 Diabetes?Increase in Type 2 Diabetes?

• InactivityInactivity

• Overweight Overweight

• Poor eating habitsPoor eating habits

• Living LongerLiving Longer

• Increase in ethnic Increase in ethnic diversitydiversity

• Larger portion sizesLarger portion sizes


Diabetes is a Rising Diabetes is a Rising EpidemicEpidemic

• It is estimated by the year 2010, 10% of the people in the U.S. will have It is estimated by the year 2010, 10% of the people in the U.S. will have diagnosed diabetes.diagnosed diabetes.

• It is estimated by the year 2025, 50 million people will have diabetes.It is estimated by the year 2025, 50 million people will have diabetes.

• It will cost $1 trillion a year to treat it.It will cost $1 trillion a year to treat it.


What is Diabetes?What is Diabetes?


Normal Body FunctionNormal Body Function


The body does The body does notnot make enough make enough insulin.insulin.

Insulin does not Insulin does not work right.work right.

OROR

There is a Problem in There is a Problem in the Bodythe Body


There is too much “sugar” in the blood .There is too much “sugar” in the blood .

)

There is a Problem in the BodyThere is a Problem in the Body

Diabetes

Normal


Type 1 DiabetesType 1 Diabetes

• Pancreas no longer Pancreas no longer makes insulin.makes insulin.

• Sugar builds up in the Sugar builds up in the blood stream.blood stream.

• People must take People must take insulin shots to live.insulin shots to live.


Type 2 DiabetesType 2 Diabetes

• Affects 90-95% of Affects 90-95% of people who have people who have diabetes.diabetes.

• Pancreas makes insulin, Pancreas makes insulin, but not efficiently.but not efficiently.

• It is linked to overweight It is linked to overweight and physical inactivity.and physical inactivity.


Pre-DiabetesPre-Diabetes

Higher than normal blood sugars, but not Higher than normal blood sugars, but not high enough to diagnose.high enough to diagnose.


Diagnosis of DiabetesDiagnosis of Diabetes

Normal, Normal, FastingFasting

Pre-Diabetes, Pre-Diabetes, FastingFasting

Diabetes, fastingDiabetes, fasting

Below 100 Below 100 mg/dlmg/dl

Between 100-125 Between 100-125 mg/dlmg/dl

Higher than 126 Higher than 126 mg/dlmg/dl


Reduce Your RiskReduce Your Risk

Reduces risk by 58%.Reduces risk by 58%.

• A 5-7% weight loss. A 5-7% weight loss.

• Exercising 30 minutes a day, 5 days a Exercising 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week.week.


Make Your Health A Make Your Health A PriorityPriority

What are your top 5 Priorities in Life?What are your top 5 Priorities in Life?

1)1) Health?Health?

2)2)

3)3)

4)4)

5)5)


What Can You Do to Cut What Can You Do to Cut Your Risk?Your Risk?

• Get moving-exerciseGet moving-exercise

• Choose healthy foodsChoose healthy foods

• Lose weight Lose weight

• Adopt healthy habitsAdopt healthy habits

• Get regular check-upsGet regular check-ups

• Manage your stressManage your stress


ExerciseExercise

• Do 30 minutes of aerobic exercise,Do 30 minutes of aerobic exercise, 5 times a week.5 times a week.

» SwimmingSwimming» WalkingWalking» DancingDancing» RunningRunning» BikingBiking» JoggingJogging


Benefits of ExerciseBenefits of Exercise

• Weight loss & increases muscle mass.Weight loss & increases muscle mass.

• Blood sugar used more efficiently.Blood sugar used more efficiently.

• Improves blood flow and blood pressure.Improves blood flow and blood pressure.

• Improves cholesterol levels.Improves cholesterol levels.

• Makes heart, lungs, and muscles Makes heart, lungs, and muscles stronger.stronger.

• Gives you more energy.Gives you more energy.

• Relieves stress.Relieves stress.

• Increases feeling of well being.Increases feeling of well being.


How hard should I How hard should I exercise?exercise?

• Exercise hard enough to make your Exercise hard enough to make your heart beat faster.heart beat faster.

• Don’t exercise so hard you can’t talk.Don’t exercise so hard you can’t talk.

• Stop right away if you are dizzy, short Stop right away if you are dizzy, short of breath, sick to your stomach or in of breath, sick to your stomach or in pain.pain.


Target Heart ZoneTarget Heart Zone

AgeAge Target Heart RateTarget Heart Rate

Zone 50-70%Zone 50-70%Avg. Max.Avg. Max.

Heart Rate Heart Rate 100%100%

20-30 20-30 yearsyears

98-146 beats per 98-146 beats per min.min.

195195



185185


88-131 beats per 88-131 beats per minmin

175175



165165

61+ years61+ years 78-116 beats per 78-116 beats per min.min.

155155


Keeping Exercise SafeKeeping Exercise Safe

•Before you start an Before you start an exercise program, get a exercise program, get a checkup.checkup.

•Always warm up and cool Always warm up and cool down to prevent injury.down to prevent injury.

•Start out slowly.Start out slowly.


Hints For Helping You Hints For Helping You Stick to Your Exercise Stick to Your Exercise

PlanPlan

• Choose an exercise you enjoy.Choose an exercise you enjoy.

• Find an exercise buddy.Find an exercise buddy.

• Set goals you can reach.Set goals you can reach.

• Keep the cost lowKeep the cost low..

• Exercise won’t just happen. Exercise won’t just happen. You You have to plan for it!have to plan for it!


Choose Healthy FoodsChoose Healthy Foods

• Follow the Food Guide Follow the Food Guide Pyramid servings.Pyramid servings.

• Eat a minimum of Eat a minimum of

5 servings of fruits and 5 servings of fruits and vegetables a day.vegetables a day.

• Choose 3-5 whole grain Choose 3-5 whole grain servings a day.servings a day.


Maintain A Reasonable Maintain A Reasonable WeightWeight

• Lose a few pounds if Lose a few pounds if overweight.overweight.

• Learn to prepare your Learn to prepare your favorite recipes lowering the favorite recipes lowering the fat and calories.fat and calories.

• Watch portion sizes.Watch portion sizes.


Maintain A Reasonable Maintain A Reasonable WeightWeight

• Consume Foods at the Consume Foods at the table.table.

• Avoid Snacking after Avoid Snacking after evening meal.evening meal.

• Switch to sugar-free Switch to sugar-free beveragesbeverages..


How to Lose One Pound How to Lose One Pound

• To lose one pound, you need to burn To lose one pound, you need to burn 3500 calories a week.3500 calories a week.

• Reduce your intake by 500 calories a Reduce your intake by 500 calories a day or exercise to burn 500 day or exercise to burn 500 moremore calories per day.calories per day.


Adopt Healthier Eating Adopt Healthier Eating Habits In your lifeHabits In your life

• Are you eating lots of foods that are high in fat and Are you eating lots of foods that are high in fat and sugar?sugar?

o add lots of calories to your dietadd lots of calories to your diet

o can raise your blood cholesterolcan raise your blood cholesterol

o can raise your triglyceridescan raise your triglycerides

o can lead to risk for heart disease and diabetescan lead to risk for heart disease and diabetes


Lower Fat Lower Fat

• Avoid fried foods and prepared foods with a breaded coating. Avoid fried foods and prepared foods with a breaded coating.

• Avoid high fat meats and processed foods, use chicken, fish Avoid high fat meats and processed foods, use chicken, fish turkey, low-fat red meat and pork.turkey, low-fat red meat and pork.

• Use spices, low-fat or fat-free products to flavor foods.Use spices, low-fat or fat-free products to flavor foods.» Garlic powder, basil, onion powder, spice blendsGarlic powder, basil, onion powder, spice blends» Fat-free sour cream and cream cheeseFat-free sour cream and cream cheese» Fat-free mayonnaiseFat-free mayonnaise» Reduced fat margarines or fat-free spray margarinesReduced fat margarines or fat-free spray margarines» Fat-free salad dressingsFat-free salad dressings


Reduce SugarReduce Sugar

• Drink water or sugar-free beverages.Drink water or sugar-free beverages.

• Choose healthier foods as dessertsChoose healthier foods as desserts» Yogurt and low-fat & low-sugar frozen desserts.Yogurt and low-fat & low-sugar frozen desserts.» Include more fresh fruit.Include more fresh fruit.» Angel food or sponge cake with fruit.Angel food or sponge cake with fruit.» Learn to adapt recipes to reduce sugar and fat.Learn to adapt recipes to reduce sugar and fat.


Get Annual PhysicalsGet Annual Physicals

• See your doctor at least See your doctor at least onceonce a year for a year for a complete check-up.a complete check-up.


Get SupportGet Support

• Make it a family goal to adopt healthier Make it a family goal to adopt healthier habits. habits.

• Include family and friends-they may be Include family and friends-they may be at risk for diabetes.at risk for diabetes.


Stress ManagementStress Management

• Take time to relax.Take time to relax.

• Pace yourself and activities you are Pace yourself and activities you are

involved in.involved in.

• Get enough sleep each night.Get enough sleep each night.


Other Ways to Measure Other Ways to Measure RiskRisk

• Body Mass Index- adjusts Body Mass Index- adjusts weight for height.weight for height.

• BMI tells if a person is:BMI tells if a person is:o normal weightnormal weighto underweightunderweighto overweightoverweight

*A BMI of 25 and over shows *A BMI of 25 and over shows increase risk of disease.increase risk of disease.


Waist MeasurementWaist Measurement

• Excess fat in the abdomen is an Excess fat in the abdomen is an independent risk factor for independent risk factor for disease.disease.

• Women over 35 inches are at Women over 35 inches are at risk.risk.

• Men over 40 inches are at risk.Men over 40 inches are at risk.


Setting Personal GoalsSetting Personal Goals• Follow the Food Pyramid serving sizes.Follow the Food Pyramid serving sizes.

• Eat 5 fruits & vegetables a day.Eat 5 fruits & vegetables a day.

• Lose weight if you are overweight.Lose weight if you are overweight.

• Pack lunches instead of eating out.Pack lunches instead of eating out.

• Cut back on fat intake.Cut back on fat intake.

• Begin exercising.Begin exercising.

• Stop smoking.Stop smoking.

• Get annual physical.Get annual physical.

• Practice stress management techniques.Practice stress management techniques.


Set Personal GoalsSet Personal Goals• Set 3 personal goals to improve your health.Set 3 personal goals to improve your health.

Examples:Examples:» 1. To lose 10 pounds by cutting out 500 1. To lose 10 pounds by cutting out 500

calories a day.calories a day.

» 2. To begin an exercise program of 2. To begin an exercise program of walking 5 days a week for 10-15 walking 5 days a week for 10-15 minutes, gradually increasing to 30 minutes, gradually increasing to 30 minutes per day.minutes per day.

» 3. To drink diet instead of regular 3. To drink diet instead of regular soft drinks.soft drinks.


PreventionPrevention

• If there was a vaccine to prevent If there was a vaccine to prevent

diabetes would you take it?diabetes would you take it?


It is Up to You!It is Up to You!

The next best immunization is to:The next best immunization is to:

• Exercise regularlyExercise regularly

• Maintain a healthy weightMaintain a healthy weight

• Eat HealthyEat Healthy

kdcpp (kentucky diabetes control and prevention program) the power of primary prevention take...

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