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KARNATAK LAW SOCIETY’S GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UDYAMBAG, BELAGAVI-590008 (An Autonomous Institution under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi) (APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI) Department of MBA Scheme and Syllabus (2016 Scheme) Second - Semester MBA

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KARNATAK LAW SOCIETY’S

GOGTE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGYUDYAMBAG, BELAGAVI-590008

(An Autonomous Institution under Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi)(APPROVED BY AICTE, NEW DELHI)

Department of MBA

Scheme and Syllabus (2016 Scheme)Second - Semester MBA

INSTITUTION VISION

Gogte Institute of Technology shall stand out as an institution of excellence in technicaleducation and in training individuals for outstanding caliber, character coupled with creativityand entrepreneurial skills.

MISSION

To train the students to become Quality Engineers with High Standards of Professionalism andEthics who have Positive Attitude, a Perfect blend of Techno-Managerial Skills and Problemsolving ability with an analytical and innovative mindset.

QUALITY POLICY

Imparting value added technical education with state-of-the-art technology in a congenial,disciplined and a research oriented environment.

Fostering cultural, ethical, moral and social values in the human resources of the institution. Reinforcing our bonds with the Parents, Industry, Alumni, and to seek their suggestions for

innovating and excelling in every sphere of quality education.

DEPARTMENT VISIONTo be recognized as a progressive department for Business Education, Research and createmeaningful students for engagement of learning management education

MISSIONDeveloping excellence in learning experience by developing effective and responsible leadersby creating insightful knowledge. Reinforcing our bonds with the parents, industry, alumni andto seek their suggestions for innovating and excelling in management education

PROGRAM EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES (PEOs)1. To groom students to manage, understand, develop and create competitive and sustainable

advantage to organizations and society through managerial and technical skills, moral valuesand ethical practices.

2. To encourage entrepreneurial competence amongst learners to create, innovate and providebetter service to community

3. To train students to acquire analytical and research competencies for continuous learning,professional growth and career advancement

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)1. Students will be able to solve problems of competitive business environment.

2. Students will be competent to outline strategies required for sustainability oforganizations

3. Students will demonstrate their skills to enhance productivity, efficiency andeffectiveness of business

4. Students will practice ethical standards and moral values to conduct business.5. Students will acquire entrepreneurial competencies to create value for the community.6. Students will generate innovative ideas to delight the stakeholders.

7. Students will be able to create models, plans and projects to explore the potentialmarkets.

8. Students will develop strategies to begin new enterprises to cater to the needs of society.

9. Students will examine the gaps existing in current business and reinforce the businessscenario.

10. Students will perceive continuous learning attitude to keep abreast with the dynamicenvironment

11. Students will make use of relevant skills acquired during the program for careeradvancement

Scheme for MBA Second Semester

SubjectCode Course Title

Hrs/Week Credits ContactHrs.

MarksL T P Total CIE SEE Total

MBA21 Organization Behavior C.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA22 Quantitative Techniques - 2 F.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA23 Marketing Management C.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA24 Financial Managements C.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA25Entrepreneurship

DevelopmentF.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA26 Business Law F.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA27Written Communication for

BusinessF.C 3 1 4 4 50 50 100

MBA28 Data Analysis MNCC

MBA29 Macro Analysis MNCC

21 7 28 28 350 350 700

Course Title : Organizational Behavior Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 21 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: Students need to be aware of the latest trends in Psychology, Sociology andOrganization Development ConceptsCourse Objectives:This course is designed for students seeking to understand theories and models explaininghow individual and group behavior and processes shape the internal dynamics oforganizations.Introduction to Organizational Behavior Unit No: 1

Duration: 10 HrsIntroduction to the field of Organizational Behavior, Emergence & OB as a Discipline,Evolution and OB in India, what are organizations, Why Study Organizational Behavior, OBTrends, Corporate Social Responsibility in India, Challenges and Opportunities in OB.

Foundation of Individual BehaviorUnit No: 2Duratio

n:10 Hrs

The Individual: Foundations of Individual Behavior – Ability, Intellectual Abilities, PhysicalAbilities, Ability for job fit, Learning – Theories of Learning, Model of Individual Behavior,Personality in organization, Attitudes and Job Satisfaction – Components of an Attitude.Personality and Values- what is personality, Personality Determinants, Personality Traits,Measuring Personality, Personality Testing at Work, Major Personality Attributes InfluencingOB, Values.

Learning and Perception Unit No: 3Duration: 10 Hrs

Perception and Learning in organizations – Concept of Learning, Learning Theories andapplication of Learning Theories in the organization. perceptual process Social IdentityTheory, Attribution Theory, Attribution Errors, Perceptual Errors – Primacy Effect, RecencyEffect, Halo Effect, Projection Bias. Improving Perceptions, Attitudes and Theories ofAttitudes, Measuring Job Satisfaction, What causes Job Satisfaction? , The Impact ofDissatisfied and satisfied Employees on the workplace.

Group and Team Behavior Unit No: 4Duration: 10 Hrs

The Group: Group and Interpersonal behavior - group dynamics - why groups form, types,group norms, , decision making / styles, strategies for improving decision making teams -special types of groups, types of teams, Power and political behavior - sources of power,effective use of power. Organizational policies, forces creating political behavior, forcescreating political behavior, personality and political behavior. Conflict - Sources andstrategies to resolve conflict. Leadership - styles, contemporary developments. Interpersonalcommunication

Organizational Dynamics Unit No: 5Duration: 10 Hrs

Organizational Change and Stress management, Radical change for the sake of innovation,forces for change, Managing Planned change, Resistance to change, approaches to managingorganizational change, contemporary change issues for today’s managers, Work stress and itsmanagement, Work Life Balancing.Reference Books:1. Pareek, U. Understanding organizational Behaviour ,3rd Ed OUP Higher Education

Division.2. Stephen Robbins, T. J.Organizational Behavior 14th Ed, Pearson Publication.3. Newstrom, J. W., Organizational Behavior : Human Behavior at Work,12th Ed Mcgraw

Hill Education.4. Nelson, P. K.Organizational Behavior, 7th Ed, South Western.Assignments1. Value Systems in Indian Companies2. Leadership Styles in Indian CompaniesQuizzes

Internal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Industry Interaction on Challenges of OB in IndiaCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies1. Job Satisfaction amongst Indian Employees2. Work-Life Balance of Indian Employees

Course Title : Quantitative Techniques - 2 Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 22 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: Students need to be aware of basic of research methodology and itsapplication to the field of researchCourse Objectives: The course is designed to understand the relationship between theresearch variables and application to business decision making, testing the hypotheticalresearch issues and challenges and provide solution to business research

Measures of relationUnit No: 1

Duration: 10 HrsMeasures of relations: Correlation: Karl Pearson and Spearman Rank Correlation method.Partial and multi co linearity analysis using statistical packages. Regression- Linear andmultiple regression using statistical packages.

Probability

Unit No: 2Duration: 9 Hrs

Probability: Probability [rules of addition, rules of multiplication, conditional probability],Probability distributions [Binomial distribution, Poisson distribution, Normal distribution]

Hypothesis TestingUnit No: 3

Duration: 10 HrsHypothesis Testing: Hypothesis Testing Process, Z Test, t Test, Chi-square Test, One WayANOVA, Two-Way ANOVA, Man-Whitney U Test, K-W Test, Run Test, Sign Test,McNamara Test and Cochran Test

Industrial Statistics

Unit No: 4Duration: 10 Hrs

Industrial Statistics: Statistical Control Charts, Statistical Decision Theory, Retail Price Index,Wholesale Price Index, Forecasting using Time Series Methods: Trend Analysis, SeasonalVariations and Box Jenkins Method.

Advanced Statistics

Unit No: 5Duration: 10 Hrs

Advanced Statistics: Conjoint Analysis, Cluster Analysis, Factor Analysis, Six Sigma,Structural Equation Modeling.

Reference Books:1. Levin, R., Statistics for Managers 7th Ed. Pearson Publication2. Sharma, J. Business Statistics 4th Ed. Vikas Publication.3. Marketing Research, Rajendra Naragundkar-3rd Ed TMH,Assignments1. Probability and Application to Business Research2. Application of Statistical Control Charts for Production Process in a Factory

QuizzesInternal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Six Sigma for increasing Profitability in BusinessCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies1. Application of Correlation to understand Per Capita Income and growth in Indian

Economy2. Hypothesis Testing for predicating success of Product in Indian Auto Sector

Course Title : Marketing Management Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 23 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: Students need to be aware of the 4Ps of Marketing mix v, Product, Price,Place and Promotion.Course Objectives: The objective of this course is to understand the importance of productdecisions, packing and labeling. Further the course also enhances the skills to develop product,price, promotion and distribution strategies

Product DecisionsUnit No: 1

Duration: 10 HrsProducts, Services and Experiences, Levels of Products and Services, Product and Serviceclassifications, New Product Development, Product Life Cycle (PLC) Strategies, ProductDecisions; Product Line Decisions, Product Mix Decisions, Branding Strategy, Packagingand Labeling, Marketing of Services; Marketing Mix and Characteristics of Services, CaseStudy Discussion

Pricing DecisionsUnit No: 2

Duration: 10 HrsMeaning of Price, Significance of Pricing, Factors Influencing Pricing Decisions, PricingObjectives, General Pricing Methods, Pricing Strategies; Product Mix Pricing Strategies,Pricing Strategies; Price Adjustment Strategies, New- Product Pricing Strategies, PriceChanges, Public Policy and Pricing, Case Study Discussion.

Distribution DecisionsUnit No: 3

Duration: 10 HrsThe Nature and Importance of Marketing Channels, Distinction between Distribution,Logistics and SCM, Distribution Channel Functions, Channel Types, Channel DesignDecisions, Channel Behaviour and Organization, Channel Management Decisions, NetworkMarketing, An Introduction to Retailing.

Integrated Marketing CommunicationUnit No: 4

Duration: 10 HrsThe Marketing Communication Mix, Communication Process, Steps in developing effectivecommunication, Advertising; Objectives, AIDA Model, Types of Advertisements, SalesPromotion; Types of Sales Promotion, Pull and Push Strategies, Public relations; MajorPublic Relation Tools, Publicity, Difference between the Two, Personal Selling; the personalSelling Process, Managing Sales Force, Direct Marketing; Benefits and Growth of DirectMarketing, forms of Direct Marketing, Difference between Advertising and Publicity,personal Selling and Direct Marketing, Marketing in the Digital Age

Marketing in a Digital Age, Marketing Ethics and SocialResponsibility

Unit No: 5Duration: 10 Hrs

Major Forces Shaping the Digital Age, Digitalization and Connectivity, Marketing Strategy inthe digital Age, E-Marketing, The Challenges of E-Commerce, The concept of CorporateSocial Responsibility (CSR), Social Criticisms of Marketing, Citizen and Public Actions toRegulate Marketing, Business Actions towards Socially Responsible Marketing

Reference Books:1. Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong. Principles of Marketing. 11th Ed. Prentice Hall of India.2. Etzel M. J. B. J. Walker and William J. Stanton. Fundamentals of Marketing

Management. 14th Ed, Tata McGraw Hill.3. Arun Kumar and N Meenakshi. Marketing Management. 1st Ed. Vikas Publication4. Rajan Saxena. Marketing Management. 4th Ed Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt Ltd.5. Kotler, Keller, Koshy & Jha. Marketing Management; South Asian Perspective. 13th Ed.

Pearson Education.6. Evans & Berman. Marketing in the 21st Century. 2nd Ed. Cengage Learning.Assignments1. Factors influencing Pricing on Television in India2. Changing mode of Communication in Indian Advertisement IndustryQuizzes

Internal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Marketing Strategic in Digital AgeCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies1. Product Life Cycle of Television Shows2. Channels of Distribution of Passenger Cars

Course Title : Financial Management Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 24 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: Students needs to be aware of basic of financial terminology

Course Objectives: This course will help the student understand the basics of financialmanagement and understand various financial decisions taken by the firms based on thefinancial analysis.

Introduction to Financial ManagementUnit No: 1

Duration: 7 HrsIntroduction to Financial Management, Objectives of Financial management- Profitmaximization and wealth maximization, Role of a finance manager, Financial managementand other functional areas. Sources of financing: shares, debentures, Lease financing, Hybridfinancing, Venture capital, Primary market & Secondary market

Time Value of MoneyUnit No: 2

Duration: 13 HrsPresent value & future value of single cash flow, Annuity and perpetuity. Simple Interest &Compound interest, Capital recovery and loan amortization Cost of Capital: Cost of equity(dividend discounting and CAPM model), preference and debenture capital, Cost of retainedearnings, weighted average cost of capital (WACC), and marginal cost of capital.

Investment Evaluation and Investment DecisionsUnit No: 3

Duration: 13 HrsInvestment evaluation techniques- Net present value, Internal rate of return, Modified internalrate of return, Profitability index, Payback period, discounted payback period, accounting rateof return. Estimation of cash flow for future projects, replacement projects

Working Capital ManagementUnit No: 4

Duration: 7 HrsFactors influencing working capital requirement, operating cycle and cash cycle. Estimationof working capital requirements of a firm (does not include cash, inventory and receivablesmanagement)Capital Structures and Dividend Decisions Unit No: 5

Duration: 10 HrsPlanning the capital structures of a firm.(No theories), Leverages- Operating leverage,financial leverage and total leverage. Dividend policy, factors affecting dividend policy.Behavioral finance, Financial modeling, Financial engineering

Reference Books:1. Prasanna Chandra , Financial Management,8th Ed, TMH2. I.M .Pandey, Financial Management, 10th Ed, Vikas Publishing House3. M. Y. Khan & Jain , Financial Management, 6th Ed, TMH4. Shahshi K Gupta & R K Sharma, Financial Management,8th Ed, Kalyani Publishers5. Paresh P. Shah, Financial Management, 2nd Ed, Biztantra6. V K Bhalla , Financial Management,1st Ed, S. ChandAssignments1. Sources of Financing2. Factors influencing Working Capital Requirement

Quizzes

Internal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Behavioral FinanceCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies

1. Cost of Capital for Small and Medium Scale Industries in India2. Cash Flow Analysis of I.T. Companies in India

Course Title : Entrepreneurship Development Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 25 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: Students are expected to understand the role of entrepreneurship indeveloping the economy and students have read about one life story of an entrepreneur like JrdTata, BirlaCourse Objectives: This course will help the student understand the identify the need ofentrepreneurship and challenges of it and understand the stages of entrepreneurialdevelopment

Introduction to EntrepreneurshipUnit No: 1

Duration: 10 HrsCharacteristics, qualities, and functions of entrepreneurship. Factors affecting entrepreneurialgrowth. Entrepreneurship development models, myths about entrepreneurship

Establishing an Enterprise Unit No: 2Duration: 10 Hrs

Need for entrepreneur development, EDPs, Role of government in EDP. Policies and schemesof entrepreneurship promotion. Institutional support for entrepreneurship. Documentsrequired for starting Partnership firms, sole proprietorship, and SME.

Women EntrepreneurshipUnit No: 3

Duration: 10 HrsOpportunities for women entrepreneurs, characteristics, functions, and categories of womenentrepreneurs, schemes, policies, and policy measures for women entrepreneurs. Need andimportance of rural entrepreneurship, opportunities, and risks of rural entrepreneurs. Role ofpolicies, NGOs, and government schemes in rural entrepreneurship development. Socialentrepreneurs’ characters and functions, corporate social entrepreneurs and trends in socialentrepreneurship

Business PlanUnit No: 4

Duration: 10 HrsNeed of business plan, anatomy of business plan, executive summary, business description,Business environment analysis, background information, competitor analysis, marketanalysis, marketing plan, operational plan, management summary, financial plans,attachments and milestones

Venture Capital Unit No: 5Duration: 10 Hrs

Fund due diligence (Business opportunity, intangibles, Legal and financial), Terms ofinvestment, Fund structure, Governance and operations. Valuation methods. Seed financing,International venture capital.

Reference Books:1. Poornima Charantimat Entreprenurship and Small Business Development, 1st Ed,-

Pearson Education.2. Anilkumar, S. C. Poornima, Abraham, Jayashree Entreprenuership Development-1st Ed,

Newage International.3. Mahendra Ramasinghani, The Business of Venture Capital 1st Ed – Wiley Publication.

Assignments1. Role of Government in Supporting Entrepreneurship2. Role of Market Analysis During Online DatabaseQuizzes

Internal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Qualities Of An EntrepreneurCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies1. Women Entrepreneur in India2. Venture Capital in India

Course Title : Business Law Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 26 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: Students will understand the basic framework of legal scenario In India andthe stipulations of lawCourse Objectives: Students will understand the provisions of Companies Act concerningincorporation and regulation of business organizations. To create an awareness aboutimportant legislations namely Sale of Goods Act, Consumer Protection Act, Factories Acthaving impact on business.

Introduction to Business LawUnit No: 1

Duration: 9 HrsMeaning of law, its significance and relevance to modern civilized society; sources of law.Law of Contract: Definition, essentials and types of contracts, offer – definition andessentials, acceptance – definition and essentials, consideration – definition and essentials,exceptions to the rule, no consideration, no contract, doctrine of privacy of contract, capacityof parties, free consent, quasi contract, legality of object, performance of contract, terminationof contract, remedies for breach of contract. Law of Agency: Essentials, kinds of agents,rights and duties of agent and principal, creation of agency, termination of agency. Bailmentand Pledge: Bailment, definition, essential elements, rights and duties of bailer and bailee.Pledge – essentials, rights and duties of pledger and pledgee.

Negotiable instruments Act 1881Unit No: 2

Duration: 10 HrsNature and characteristics of Negotiable instruments, kinds of negotiable instruments –promissory notes, bills of exchange and cheques. Parties to negotiable instruments,Negotiation, presentment, discharge and dishonor of negotiable instruments Law of insurance– general principles of insurance, life, fire and marine. Law of partnership: Definition,essentials of partnership, formation of partnerships, kinds of partners, authorities, rights andliabilities of partners, registration of partnership, dissolution of Partnership firm. Personality)– different types of interviews and interview process – means to make interview effective –medical exams – reference checks – final decision. .

Companies Act 1956Unit No: 3

Duration: 11 HrsDefinition, characteristics and kinds of companies, steps in formation of company.Memorandum of Association, Articles of Association, Prospectus. Directors: appointment,power, duties and liabilities, meeting and resolutions: types of meetings. Auditor:appointment, rights and liabilities. Modes of winding up of a company.

Sale of Goods Act 1930Unit No: 4

Duration: 11 HrsEssentials, sale v/s agreement to sell. Condition v/s warranties, rights of unpaid seller.Consumer Protection Act: Objectives, definition, consumer protection council and stateconsumer protection council Factories Act- Factory, Occupier-definition and meaning-welfare, health and safety of workers employment of women and young person-provisionsregarding leave and holiday

Intellectual Property Unit No: 5Duration: 9 Hrs

Introduction and the need for intellectual property right (IPR), IPR in India – Genesis andDevelopment, Patent and kind of inventions protected by a patent, Patent document, Howto protect your inventions, Granting of patent copyright, Why protect copyright, Rightscovered by copyright, What is a trademark, Rights of trademark, What kind of signs can beused as trademarks, types of trademark, function does a trademark perform, How is atrademark protected, How is a trademark registered.Reference Books:1. Goel, P, Business Law for Managers, 1st Ed Dreamtech.

2. N.D.Kapoor, Elements of Mercantile Law. 1st Ed , Sultan Chand3. Saravanavel & Sumathi, Business Law for Management, 1st Ed , HPHAssignments1. Policies of Private Ltd Companies V/S Public Ltd Companies2. Application of Negotiable Instruments Act In Banking Sector Of India

Quizzes

Internal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Legal Environment And Its Importance To BusinessCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies:1. Role of IPR in India2. Role of Consumer Protection Act

Course Title : Written Communication for Business Credits: 04Course Code : MBA 27 L:T:P 35-15-

0Course Type: Management Semester : 2 Div: CIE Marks: 5050Hours/Week: 4 Total Hours: 50 SEE Marks:50

Pre-requisites: The student should have basic knowledge about English language and shouldhave moderate ability to read, write, speak and listen.Course Objectives: This course presents communication as integral to management strategyand as a critical component for success in the workplace. Students will develop a foundationfor designing effective messages, both written and oral, from concept to delivery.

Written CommunicationUnit No: 1

Duration: 8 HrsPurpose of writing – Clarity in writing – Principles of effective writing – Approaching thewriting process systematically: The 3X3 writing process for business communication: Prewriting – Writing – Revising – Specific writing features – Electronic writing process

Business LettersUnit No: 2

Duration: 16 HrsIntroduction to business letters – Types of Business Letters - Writing routine and persuasiveletters – Positive and Negative messages - Writing memos – Writing the press release

Writing ReportsUnit No: 3

Duration: 8 HrsPurpose, Kinds and Objectives of reports – Organization & Preparing reports, short and long reportsWriting Proposals: Structure & preparation

Group CommunicationUnit No: 4

Duration: 10 HrsMeetings – Planning meetings – objectives – participants – timing – venue of meetings.Meeting Documentation: Notice, Agenda, and Resolution & Minutes. Employmentcommunication: Introduction – Composing Application Messages – Writing CVs.Case Method Learning Unit No: 5

Duration: 8 HrsCase preparation, Analyzing and presenting written analysis of case. Writing journal papers,working papers and conference papers.

Reference Books:1. P. D. Chaturvedi & Mukesh Chaturvedi. Business Communication: Concepts, Cases and

Applications , 2nd Ed. Pearson Education.2. Lesikar, Flatley, Rentz & Pande. Business Communication, 11th Ed. McGraw-Hill.3. Penrose, Rasberry, Myers. Advanced Business Communication 5th Ed. Cengage Learning.

Assignments1. Letters For Business Communication Through In-Basket2. Preparing Reports And Proposals

Quizzes

Internal Assessment Tests: Two Test of 25 Marks, Final CEE average of Two Tests

Course Seminar: Coherence And Its Importance In Business CommunicationCourse Project (Mini project):Case Studies:1. Importance of Effective Resume2. Review of Journal Research Paper

Bloom’s Taxonomy of Learning Objectives

Bloom’s Taxonomy in its various forms represents the process of learning. It was developedin 1956 by Benjamin Bloom and modified during the 1990’s by a new group of cognitivepsychologists, led by Lorin Anderson (a former student of Bloom’s) to make it relevant to the21st century. The revised taxonomy given below emphasizes what a learner “Can Do”.

Lower order thinking skills (LOTS)L1 Remembering Retrieve relevant knowledge from memory.

L2 UnderstandingConstruct meaning from instructional material, including oral, written, andgraphic communication.

L3 ApplyingCarry out or use a procedure in a given situation – using learnedknowledge.

Higher order thinking skills (HOTS)

L4 AnalyzingBreak down knowledge into its components and determine the relationshipsof the components to one another and then how they relate to an overallstructure or task.

L5 EvaluatingMake judgments based on criteria and standards, using previously learnedknowledge.

L6 CreatingCombining or reorganizing elements to form a coherent or functional wholeor into a new pattern, structure or idea.