judaism lecture outline
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Judaism
The religion of the Jews, Hebrews, Israelites,
Semites
Terms to Know
Torah Abraham Monotheism Covenant Moses Israel Judah
Foundation Abraham - made the initial covenant
with Yahweh of radical monotheism. Monotheism - belief that there is one
God (not regional or familial) (ethical monotheism)
Covenant – agreement that humans will live under the rule of one God. God will have a relationship with humans.
Yahweh - word for God
Other Key Figures Moses - led the Jews out of Egyptian
slavery into the region of Israel Twelve tribes ruled by judges-Deborah David & Solomon- kings of Israel who
established the political state of the Jews & built the TEMPLE
Judaism was both a political and religious institution.
Israel and Judah
Texts of Judaism
The Torah contains history, poetry, songs, and laws of the Jews-First five books of the Hebrew Bible
(not written until 900s to 500s BCE)
Talmud- commentaries on the Torah by Rabbis (teachers)
Ten Commandments
Connections
Purple dye and cedar from Phoenicians to build Temple
Northern half fell to Assyrians in 722 B.C.
Southern half fell to Babylonians in 586 B.C.-Solomon’s temple destroyed-Babylonian captivity
Persian king Cyrus allowed many to return to Jerusalem
Spread and Change The Jewish kingdom fell under the
control of several other empires. Political kingdom ended.
New ideas of an afterlife (heaven and hell) developed
ideas of a coming Messiah figure became more prominent
Spread and Change Expulsions by the Romans and others
led to the Diaspora (spread of Jews into other parts of the world)
Centers of Judaism – 1st century C.E.
Life & Belief Ethical Monotheism - Human behavior is a
part of covenantal relationship with the one God
remembrance of the covenant and history through sacrifice and rituals:
circumcision as a symbol of the covenant
celebrations like Yom Kippur & Passover
Sabbath (special day) & synagogue (place of meeting)
Make a Timeline
Abraham Moses Deborah Saul David Solomon