john paul (jp) jones president - ehscp 222-g (h 2016) structural steel standards for steel antenna...

John Paul (JP) Jones President

of

WHAT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS DO WE

TRAIN TO?

Required Training for Telecommunications Tower Workers in

the USA

NEW TRAINING BEING DEVELOPED BY NWSA

OSHA CFR 29 -1926 & 1910 ANSI 490.1 ANSI Z359 ANSI 10.48

TIA 222-G (H- Late 2016) TIA 322

“CRITERIA FOR ACCEPTED PRACTICES IN SAFETY, HEALTH AND

ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING,”

USED AS THE BASIS FOR MOST TRAINING MODELS

ANSI Z 490.1

USED FOR ALL COMPETENT CLIMBER/RESCUER TRAINING

ANSI Z 359 FALL PROTECTION CODE

USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ANSI Z 359.

SETS THE TIMELINE REQUIREMENTS

FOR THE TRAINING

NATE CTS/CTP

ANSI 10.48 STANDARD BEST PRACTICES

FOR THE ERECTION, MODIFICATION, MAINTENANCE AND DEMOLITION

OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS STRUCTURES

ANSI 10.48 Table of Contents General

References Definitions

Pre-Job Planning Job Site Conditions

Fall Protection RF/EME

Base and Truck mounted Tower Erection Hoists Personnel Lifting Accessories & Processes

Rigging Gin Poles Includes all operational data from the TIA 1019A-2011

Climbing Facilities Loads Affecting Structural Capacity

Training Capstan (Cathead)

Demolition Helicopters

Electrical Aerial Lifts

PROPOSED CHANGES TO

Standards and Requirements FOR TOWER TECHNICIANS

WORKING ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS STRUCTURES

WHAT STAYS THE SAME

WORKERS WILL STILL ADHERE TO THE FOLLOWING:

ANSI Z359 STANDARD FOR FALL PROTECTION

Personal Fall Protection Safety Requirements for Construction, Demolition, Maintenance and Modification of Telecommunications Structures in The USA

100% FALL PROTECTION WHEN WORKING AT HEIGHTS

OVER SIX(6) FEET

TIA 222-G (H 2016)

Structural Steel Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and

Supporting Structures

TR-14 Engineering Committee

TR-14 Engineering Group Tasks • Climber Attachments • Engineered Climber Attachments

• Step Bolt Requirements, Capacities, Size, Design • NATE / TIA Step Bolt Testing Event Fall 2016

• Flexible Cable Ladder Safety Systems • Size of Cable Commonality • Design Compatibility • Failures

Hierarchy of Controls

Engineering - highest level of control

Identify & Eliminate the Hazard

Administrative – middle control

Personal Protective Equipment

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(X)Once you have identified a (X)fall protection hazard and categorized it, there is a hierarchy of controls that is used to protect against the hazard. Each level of the hierarchy includes a different level of exposure to the hazard. (X)The hazard is illustrated here by the red circle. The first level of control is(X) Engineered. An engineered control eliminates the hazard. One example of this would be the installation of a guardrail on a rooftop. (X)The second level of control(X) is administrative, this includes managing and limiting the amount of time you are exposed to the hazard, for example a time averaging plan when exposed to RF. (X)The final level of control(X) is Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE. This is the lowest level of protection available against a hazard. The use of PPE means that you will be exposed to the hazard, a fall for example, but you will be wearing equipment that will protect you from the effects of the hazard. IF you look at the (X)circles shown here you can see that the Engineered control takes a much larger slice out of the hazard circle than the administrative or PPE controls can.

WORKERS MUST BE PROTECTED BY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING PRIMARY SYSTEMS

FALL ARREST SYSTEMS (PFAS) FALL RESTRAINT SYSTEMS

ENERGY ABSORBING LANYARDS LADDER SAFETY SYSTEMS VERTICAL LIFELINE SYSTEMS LADDER CAGES SELF-RETRACTING LIFELINE SYSTEMS STAIR RAILS & HAND RAILS HORIZONTAL LIFELINE SYSTEMS CLIMB ASSIST SYSTEMS

WHAT is CHANGING

NEW CLASSIFICATIONS FOR RIGGERS

SOW CLASSIFICATION (ANSI 10.48)

ANCHORAGES

RESCUE TRAINING

RESCUE RE-CERTIFICATION

CLIMBER CLASSIFICATIONS

AUTHORIZED CLIMBER RESCUER

An authorized climber is an individual with the physical capabilities to climb; who may or may

not have previous climbing experience; has been trained in fall protection regulations, the

equipment that applies to communication structures work, and instruction for proper use

of the equipment.

COMPETENT CLIMBER/RESCUER

• “Competent climbers shall have a minimum 90 days, documented, full time, climbing experience utilizing the latest technology in fall protection equipment.”

• MUST COMPLY TO ALL MINIMUMS OF THE NATE

CTS/CTP

ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS

Environmental Hazard Assessment- ICE/Frozen Steel

Environmental Hazard Assessment- Inclement Weather

Environmental Hazard Assessment- Birds(of Prey)

Towers and monopoles make perfect nesting and roosting spots for a wide variety of birds. Mostly Birds of Prey (Meat eaters).

They are not afraid to attack especially when they have young in the nest!

Environmental Hazard Assessment- Birds(of Prey)

Most species of Birds of prey are protected and the nest cannot be approached when the young are in the nest.

Consult your local Fish & Wildlife Department for regulations

Non-Standard Structures

Rescue Training Requirements

Competent Rescuer Training must include at a minimum, training in the following rescue

techniques:

Self Rescue/Self Escape Companion Rescue by Controlled Descent

Companion Rescue by Lowering from Above Rescue by Lower from the Ground (Non-Climber)

Self Rescue

In the event that a climber falls and is OK or gets into a

situation where he is suspended and cannot be reached by a rescuer in a

timely manner they must be able to implement a Self

Rescue and get back to the structure safely.

Companion Rescue by Controlled Descent

Upon reaching the victim the rescuer Secures his descent device, Connects the victim to his descent system, Frees the victim from his fall arrest equipment

and Slowly descends with the victim to safety.

Companion Rescue by Lowering from Above

The Rescuer rigs the Descent/Lowering system to an anchorage above the injured climber and connects the load rope to the Dorsal

D-Ring then lowers the injured climber safely to the ground.

Rescue by Lower from the Ground If you have a rope rigged and personnel on the ground then

the best way to lower a victim is by the individual on the ground controlling the rescue descent or pulley up the tower. The rescuer on the tower connects the top end of the rope to

the victims’ Back D-Ring and the rescuer on the ground lowers the victim to the ground.

This can be performed by a non-climber!

Rescue Re-Certification

ANSI Z359-3.3.5 Competent Rescuer Education & Training

ANSI Z359-3.3.5.5 Competent Rescuer Re-Training

“Competent Rescuer training shall be conducted at least once per year”

The ANSI 10.48 Fall Protection Sub-Committee is proposing that mandatory, documented rescue practice

sessions be held quarterly and that a total of 8 hours annually be a pre-requisite for Rescue re-Certification.

ANSI 10.48 STANDARD

STRUCTURAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT-GUY ANCHOR INSPECTION

Inspection points of a typical Guyed Tower Anchor System

Thimbles

Anchor Head

Anchor Shaft

Preformed Grip

Turnbuckles

Ice Clips

Point Of Daylight

Safety Wires

Ground Wire

COMPETENT RIGGER

• PER THE ANSI 10.48 STANDARD

Example: What effects line pull capacity

© SLMS 2016

775 Lbs.

TAG CAPSTAN HOIST 1000 Lbs. Pull

11

52.5

Friction Coefficient of Block Sheave

Weight of the Rope and Rigging and Counterweight

Wind Pressures Increase Tagging Force

5% Estimate Add 40 Lbs.

Add 75 Lbs.

Add 50 Lbs. 775 40 75 50 940 Lbs.

X 1.364 Tag Force Multiplier 1282.16 Lbs.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(X)Lets look at an example now that you will likely see often while working in the field. Your block configuration calls for a heel block and a crown block to be attached to the structure. Using the calculations that we have just completed and the chart provided (X)answer these questions.

Tag Angle Force Chart Load Line Angle

Tag Angle 45 degrees

Tag Angle 52.5 degrees


Tag Angle 67.50 degrees


3 degrees 1.057 1.075 1.101 1.146 1.254

5 degrees 1.100 1.133 1.183 1.273 1.490

7 degrees 1.149 1.199 1.280 1.432 1.860

9 degrees 1.203 1.276 1.395 1.639 2.476

11 degrees 1.265 1.364 1.536 1.919 3.710

13 degrees 1.334 1.468 1.710 2.319 7.416

15 degrees 1.414 1.591 1.932 2.932 ****

© SLMS 2016 42

TIA/EIA-PN4860 Gin Pole Standard Structural Standards for Steel

Gin Poles used for the Installation of Antenna and Antenna Supporting Structures

Was part of our agreement with OSHA for riding the line.

Came into effect 2004

Specified the use of an engineered pole with a load chart.

Was replaced by TIA 1019-A 2011 THEN BECAME A NEW CHAPTER IN THE ANSI 10.48

Presenter

Presentation Notes

The TIA-1019 Gin pole standard was part of our agreement with OSHA to develop a design and use standard for a gin pole to lift personnel to their work station. The gin pole had to be designed by an engineer and fabricated by qualified welders along with a having a load chart for lifting. This standard was later combined with a new construction standard to encompass the loads a gin pole and similar equipment puts on a structure.

RIGGING PLANS Construction work shall be classified Class I Gross Loads up to 350 Lbs.. Class II Gross Loads up to 500 Lbs.. Class III Gross Loads up to 2000 Lbs.. Class IV Gross Loads over 2000Lbs. Removal of Critical structural Members and Special

Engineered Lifts

Proposed activities will be outlined in writing Rigging Plan

A minimum level of responsibility will be established

On site Competent Rigger with the proper training shall be identified and on site

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Section one covers the definitions used in the standard along with abbreviations and the symbols used in the standard.

CLASS I

Prepared by a Competent Rigger

Work is completed by a Competent Rigger The scope of work does not affect the integrity of the

structure and the proposed rigging loads are minor in comparison to the strength of the structure, but not exceeding Gross Loads greater than 350 Lbs..

Presenter

Presentation Notes


CLASS II

Prepared by a Competent Rigger

Work is completed by a Competent Rigger

The scope of work involves the removal or the addition of appurtenances, mounts, platforms, etc. that involve minor rigging loads in comparison to the strength of the structure, but not exceeding gross loads greater than 500 Lbs..

Presenter

Presentation Notes


Class III Prepared by a Qualified Person and


Rigging plans that involve work outside the scope

of Class I, II or IV construction

Gross Loads up to 2000 Lbs..

Presenter

Presentation Notes


Class IV Prepared by a Qualified Person and a

Qualified Engineer


The scope of work involves custom or infrequent construction methods, removal of structural members or appurtenances, special engineered lifts, and unique situations.

Presenter

Presentation Notes


© SLMS 2015

49

Guy Wire Temporary Support

Temporary guy wires are required: When replacing guys Prevent excessive mast movement To meet Non-Operational wind

loading requirements

Temporary guys shall not be less than 50% of the wire strength being replaced

© SLMS 2015

50

Temporary Member Supports Written “Rigging Plan” required Reduced loading over design loading

may apply due to loading duration factors Temporary members shall be support the

applicable loads during the time of the change.

Competent Rigger Training

Prerequisites HSE Orientation Fall Protection RF/EME

Competent Rigger Level II Level I Capstan Tower Erection Hoists Class II Rigging Plans

Competent Rigger Level I Basic Rigging TIA 1019 and

Class I Rigging Plan

Competent Rigger Level III Level II Gin Pole Class 3 and 4 Rigging Plan

Per the A10.48 Standard, the following training is recommended for a Competent Rigger

Presenter

Presentation Notes


SLMS 2026

52

Wind speed loading – 30 mph Over 30 mph is a special condition

Gin Pole Loads Bridle forces Basket forces

Hoist load line forces Crown block loading Heel block loading

Guy Cable Forces During Tower Erection

Unequal forces on the mast Includes potential slippage

Operational Conditions Loading conditions during Construction or Hoisting

© SLMS 2016 53

Loads to be Considered: High wind conditions • Daytime • Overnight • One week or longer

Weather loads are usually not considered due to low probability of occurring Snow, Ice, Rain Seismic not considered

Non-Operational Conditions

© SLMS 2015

54

Construction Period Minimum Duration Factor Continuous work period 0.50 (0.5 x 90 mph = 45 mph) Less than 24 hours 0.60 (54 mph) (overnight conditions) 24 hours to 1 week 0.67 (60 mph) 1 week to 6 weeks 0.75 (67.5 mph) 6 weeks to 6 months 0.80 (72.0 mph) Greater than 6 months 1.00 (90 mph or greater)

Non-Operational Wind Loads [During Construction]

© SLMS 2015

55

Block Loading & Rope Angle

^ Angle

X Multiplication

Factor

^ Angle

X Multiplication

Factor 0° 2.00 100° 1.29

10° 1.99 110° 1.15 20° 1.97 120° 1.00 30° 1.93 130° 0.84 40° 1.87 140° 0.68 50° 1.81 150° 0.52 60° 1.73 160° 0.35 70° 1.64 170° 0.17 80° 1.53 180° 0.00 90° 1.41

500 Lbs. X 2 = 1,000 Lbs.

0°

500 500

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(X) The angle that a rope goes through a block effects the load on that block and the anchorage holding that block. (X)Rope angle is the angle of the line entering and exiting the block. In order to calculate your anchorage force you need to know how much of the load each block is carrying. This is done by(X) multiplying your load by an angle multiplier. Once you know your load weight and have drawn your rigging chart you will then want to look at each block angle and use the proper multiplying factor to determine additional forces put on each block. Let's do one together. (click) (X)This picture represents the crown block or top block on the tower. In the most basic rigging function your rope will go (click) up the tower, (click)through the block and (click)down again. In this setup our rope angle is (click) zero degrees measured from the vertical. The angle is measured where the rope enters the block and where the rope exits. Now, look at the chart to see what multiplying factor to use when with a zero degree rope angle. (H)Zero degrees equals a factor of 2. (CA) So we will multiply our load weight by a factor of 2 in order to calculate the total load on the block. Using a load weight of (X)500 Lbs. and the load angle of 0 degrees, what is the total load on this block? (X)500 Lbs. multiplied by 2 equals a total load weight of (X)1,000 Lbs. on this block.

© SLMS 2015

56

Block Loading & Rope Angle

500 X 1.41 = 705 Lbs.

^ Angle

X Multiplication

Factor

^ Angle

X Multiplication

Factor

0° 2.00 100° 1.29 10° 1.99 110° 1.15 20° 1.97 120° 1.00 30° 1.93 130° 0.84 40° 1.87 140° 0.68 50° 1.81 150° 0.52 60° 1.73 160° 0.35 70° 1.64 170° 0.17 80° 1.53 180° 0.00 90° 1.41

Heel Block

90°

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(X) Let's do another example. In this picture, the rope angle(X) is 90 degrees. Again, the rope angle is measured where the rope(X) enters and exits the block. Here you see a much greater distance between where the rope enters the block and where the rope exits the block. This set up is often used as the (X)heel block in a rigging application. To find the total load on this block, we need to (X)determine the load weight and the multiplication factor associated with a 90 degree angle. According to our chart (highlight) at a 90 degree angle the load multiplier is 1.41. Using this information if we were lifting a 500 pound load, we would then (X)multiply 500 pounds by 1.41 which gives us 705 pounds. This tells us that when lifting a load of 500 Lbs. using a rope angle of 90 degrees, such as the use of a heel block, the block chosen must be rated for at least 705 Lbs..

Block Angles What is the line pull and the total forces associated with the Heel Block and the Crown Block?

Line Pull = 675 Lbs..

^ Angle

X Multiplier

^ Angle

X Multiplier

0° 2.00 50° 1.81

10° 1.99 60° 1.73

20° 1.97 70° 1.64

30° 1.93 80° 1.53

40° 1.87 90° 1.41

B

A

675 Lbs..

90°

20°

A = 675 Lbs. * 1.41 = 952 Lbs.

B = 675 Lbs. * 1.97 = 1,330 Lbs.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(X)Using the block angles given, the chart provided and a (X)line pull of 675 Lbs.; you can calculate the total force present at (X)Anchorage A is 952 Lbs. and the force present at (X)Anchorage B is 1,330 Lbs..

Block Configurations ^

Angle

X Multiplier

^ Angle

X Multiplier

0° 2.00 100° 1.29

10° 1.99 110° 1.15

20° 1.97 120° 1.00

30° 1.93 130° 0.84

40° 1.87 140° 0.68

50° 1.81 150° 0.52

60° 1.73 160° 0.35

70° 1.64 170° 0.17

80° 1.53 180° 0.00

90° 1.41

Line Pull = 1,000 Lbs. Gross Load = 2,000 Lbs.

1000 Lbs.

Presenter

Presentation Notes

(X)Now lets look at another sample block configuration. In this example we have a (X)gross load of 2000 Lbs. being lifted. Because there is a two part arrangement in use, we have a (X)line pull of 1,000 Lbs. going back to the hoist. In the next slides we will calculate the load on each block and anchorage.

Personnel Hoisting

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john paul (jp) jones president - ehscp 222-g (h 2016) structural steel standards for steel antenna...

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