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Jeffrey A. Johnson, PhD Stephanie U. Vermeulen, MSc. University of Alberta & Institute of Health Economics March 11, 2008 Slide 2 Alberta Diabetes Atlas 2007 provides trends over time, across age and regional variation for DM & related conditions. The prevalence & incidence of DM are increasing in Alberta, and especially among older adults. People with DM have significantly higher rates of CV disease, eye disease, kidney disease, mental health disorders and overall health care use than people without diabetes. Better primary care can reduce the burden on acute care Local information will help local planning. Key Messages Slide 3 Diabetes- Background Info. Body has difficulty making insulin and/or using the insulin that they produce. Problematic because insulin is required to move glucose into cells so that it can be used by body tissues and organs. Slide 4 Diabetes- Background Info. When glucose remains in the blood, blood glucose levels can rise to dangerously high levels and result in acute complications. Higher than normal blood glucose levels also can result in long- term organ damage and affect the eyes, kidneys and cardiovascular system. Diabetic Retinopathy End-Stage Renal Disease Cardiovascular Disease Slide 5 Usually occurs early in life during childhood or adolescence and is managed with insulin. Accounts for 5-10% of all diabetes cases. Type 1 Diabetes Slide 6 Usually associated with onset after 30-40 years of age; however during the past decade, it has become much more prevalent in younger individuals. Associated with many complications such as heart problems, kidney problems, eye disease etc. Thought to be associated with lifestyle factors including physical inactivity and obesity. Accounts for 90-95% of all diabetes cases Type 2 Diabetes Slide 7 Diabetes - Big Picture, Big Burden Is a chronic disease affecting more than 5% of Canadians over 20 years of age. Healthcare costs of patients with diabetes are projected to be in excess of $6 billion in 2006. As people are getting diabetes earlier in life, they are also getting complications earlier in life. Slide 8 Slide 9 Slide 10 ADSS A Public Health Service Public health surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice, closely integrated with the timely dissemination of these data to those who need to know.... A surveillance system includes a functional capacity for data collection, analysis and dissemination -CDC Surveillance Update, 1988 Slide 11 National Diabetes Surveillance System Slide 12 ADSS AHW & IHE/ACHORD partnership Deliverables ADSS Newsletter Regular updates and issue-specific focus Alberta Diabetes Atlas 2007, 2009, 2011 ADSS Website Timely, region-specific information Slide 13 Alberta Diabetes Atlas 2007 Acknowledgments 1.Background & Methods 2.Epidemiologic Trends, 1995-2005 3.DM & Health Care Utilization 4.DM & Cardiovascular Disease 5.DM & Lower Limb Amputations 6.DM & Kidney Disease 7.DM & Eye Disease 8.DM & Mental Health 9.DM & First Nations People 10.Key Findings & Policy Options Glossary Slide 14 Slide 15 Alberta Diabetes Prevalence (Age-Adjusted Rates) Slide 16 Alberta Diabetes Prevalence (Case Counts) Slide 17 Alberta Diabetes Incidence (Case Counts) Slide 18 Alberta Diabetes Prevalence Age-Specific Rates, 2006 Slide 19 Alberta Diabetes Prevalence Age-Adjusted Rates, 2006 Slide 20 Diabetes Prevalence in David Thompson (Case Counts) Slide 21 Prevalence Rates by Community (Age-Adjusted) 2006 Slide 22 Diabetes Prevalence (Case Counts) 2006 Slide 23 Diabetes Incidence (Case Counts) 1995-2006 Slide 24 Incidence Rates by Community (Age-Adjusted) 2006 Slide 25 Diabetes Incidence by Community (Case Counts) 2006 Slide 26 Diabetes & Mortality (Age-Adjusted Rates) Slide 27 Slide 28 Physician Visits (1995-2005) General Practitioners Specialists* Slide 29 Physician Visits by Region (2005) Specialists* General Practitioners DTHR Average =9.7 DTHR Average = 3.2 Slide 30 Emergency Department Visits (Age/Sex Adjusted, 1998-2005) Slide 31 Total Number of ED Visits for People with Diabetes (1998-2005) Slide 32 Emergency Department Visits by Region (2005) DTHR Diabetes Average = 1.7 Slide 33 Hospital Days (Age/Sex Adjusted, 1995-2005) Slide 34 Hospitalization Days by Region (Age/Sex Adjusted, 2005) DTHR Diabetes Average = 2.8 Slide 35 Slide 36 Diabetes & CVD Acute Coronary Syndrome, 1995-2005 Slide 37 Slide 38 Diabetes & CVD Age-Adjusted Rates of Acute Coronary Syndrome by Region, 2005 Slide 39 Slide 40 Diabetes & Eye Disease Eye Examinations*, 1995-2005 * Eye examinations by an Ophthalmologist Slide 41 Diabetes & Eye Disease Eye Examinations*, 2005 * Eye examinations by an Ophthalmologist Slide 42 Diabetes and Special Populations Slide 43 Diabetes and First Nations Diabetes Prevalence Rate=14.4% Slide 44 Under 20: Crude Diabetes Prevalence Rates by Region, 2005 Average Provincial Rate = 0.23 Slide 45 Alberta Diabetes Atlas 2007 Other topics included: DM & Lower Limb Amputation DM & Kidney Disease - Incidence & prevalence of ESRD - Kidney transplants DM & Mental Health - Affective disorders - Anxiety disorders - Psychoses (organic & non-organic) - Substance abuse disorders DM & First Nations People Slide 46 Alberta Diabetes Atlas 2007 Key Findings & Policy Options Key Findings & Options: 1.Primary prevention to reduce rising prevalence. 2.Secondary prevention to reduce complications. 3.Enhance Quality of Primary Care. 4.Enhance Access to Primary Care. 5.Recognize mental health burden. 6.Enhanced eye care for diabetes. 7.Diabetes in First Nations People. 8.Enhance scope and depth of DM surveillance. Slide 47 Alberta Diabetes Fact Sheet 2008 Slide 48 ADSS - what is missing? - what is next? Conditions: DM & pregnancy DM & foot disease DM & cancer New data: Laboratory surveillance Drug Utilization Risk factor surveillance Slide 49 How YOU can use the ADSS ADSS can be used by the Regions to more accurately assess what the burden of DM and its comorbidities are. ADSS provides important information and specific numbers that can be included in Regional Health Authority business plans/performance reports. Diabetes is one of the conditions expected in performance reports for all health regions in Alberta. ADSS can help regions plan and evaluate new programs. Slide 50 ADSS Dissemination* 1.Active dissemination to Regions: Local presentations Regional Administration MOH/PCNs/DECs Public 2.Ongoing Newsletters 3.ADSS Website *ADSS Dissemination Sub-Committee: J. Johnson, C. Andres, A. Edwards, K. McLaughlin, R. Lewanczuk Slide 51 ADSS Website: Search Criteria All of Alberta Regional Health Authority Sub-Region Community Both Sexes Male Female All Ages 20-34 years 35-49 years 50-64 years 65-74 years 75 + years Rates/Cases from 1995-2005 DM alone or DM & Disease First Nations Status Slide 52 DM Incidence Primary Prevention Intervention Control No Intervention ADSS Health Research Potential Slide 53 Alberta Diabetes Atlas 2007 provides trends over time, across age and regional variation for DM & related conditions. The prevalence & incidence of DM are increasing in Alberta, and especially among older adults. People with DM have significantly higher rates of CV disease, eye disease, kidney disease, mental health disorders and overall health care use than people without diabetes. Better primary care can reduce the burden on acute care Local information will help local planning. Key Messages Slide 54 Questions??? jeff.johnson@ualberta.ca stephanie.vermeulen@ualberta.ca www.ACHORD.ca