javafundamentals section1
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Java Fundamentals
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Introduction
Overview
This lesson covers the following topics:
• Describe the purpose for using Alice 3 and Greenfoot
• Describe the skills used to generate an animation or
create a game
• Describe the components of a team project
• Create a teamwork assessment rubric• Describe the purpose for creating a journal to document
programming projects
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• escr e e co e o e cs an cy er secur y
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Introduction
What is an Animation?
An animation is a series of independent movements that
when viewed rapidly, one-after-another, creates the
Using Alice 3 you can create animations with 3D objects
that move and act.
Because Alice 3 lets the programmer manipulate objects, it is
considered object-oriented programming (“OOP”).
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Introduction
3D Objects
Alice 3 uses three-dimensional (“3D”) objects that a
programmer can drag-and-drop into a scene to create a
A 3D object is one with width, height, and depth.
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Introduction
Virtual World
You will use Alice 3, and your imagination, to create a
virtual world. Your virtual world will contain the following
• Settings: objects that will remain stationary in your
animation (a tree, rocks, or a building).
• Actors: objects that will move in your animation (people,
animals, or vehicles).
• ac groun emp a e: a ac groun on o w c you
place both setting and actor objects.
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imaginary physical environment.
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Introduction
3D World Example
Here is an example of a 3D world. A 3D world is referred
to as a “virtual world.” The example virtual world has both
template.
Setting Object
Background
emp a e
Actor Object
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Introduction
Steps to Launch Alice 3
1. Locate the Alice 3 icon on your desktop.
2. Double click the icon to launch the application.
. .
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Introduction
Steps to Locate the Example Animation File
1. From the dialog box, select the File System tab.
2. Click the Browse button.
“ ”. .
saved it in on your computer.‡
4. Click the Open button from the dialog box.. c e u on rom e a og ox.
‡ The scenario example must first be downloaded from the videospage for this lesson in Oracle iLearning. Remember the location the
file has been saved to. If you are unable to run the Alice file due to an
issue with your version of Alice, watch the corresponding video.
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Introduction
Run the Animation
To run an animation, click the Run button in the world
window.
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Introduction
Greenfoot
An interactive game is one that involves human
interactions, decisions, and actions. Using Greenfoot, you
interactive game.
ecause reen oo e s e programmer man pu a e o ec s, s
considered object-oriented programming (“OOP”).
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Introduction
Greenfoot Interface
Greenfoot uses two-dimensional (“2D”) objects that the
programmer can drag-and-drop into a scene to create a
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Introduction
High-level Steps to Play a Greenfoot Game
1. Launch Greenfoot.
2. Open the game file.
. .
4. Play the game.
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Introduction
Steps to Launch Greenfoot
1. Locate the Greenfoot icon on your desktop.
2. Double click the Greenfoot icon to launch the program.
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Introduction
Steps to Open the Greenfoot Game File
1. Download the flying_frog example from the lesson’s Videos page
in Oracle iLearning. Save the file to a location on your computeror hard drive.
2. From the Scenario Menu in Greenfoot, select Open. †
3. Search for and select the flying_frog file.
. .
display.
s s e rs me reen oo s aunc e on your mac ne, you
may be prompted for a decision. Select Scenario – Open from the
menu.
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Introduction
Steps to Set Up the Game’s Objects
1. Place objects in the world that will interact in the game.
A. Click once on the Frog class.B. Hold the Shift key down on your keyboard while you click and hold
the Frog class.
C. Drag the Frog object onto the World.
2. Repeat step 1 to add objects from the Fly class.
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Introduction
Steps to Play the Game
1. Click the Run button.
2. Steer the Frog using your keyboard’s arrow keys.
.
4. Add more flies to the game to make it more interesting.
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Introduction
Greenfoot Objects
Look around you. Undoubtedly, you will see many objects.
Your classmates are even objects!
,
world that contains objects. The objects have states
(descriptors) and behaviors (actions).
• Example: Classmate
– States can include: Name, ethnicity, and hair color
– , , .
All objects have two characteristics: states and behavior.
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Introduction
Greenfoot Classes
Every object is created from a class. A class is a set of
instructions for an object. An example of a class is Bicycle.
bicycle objects within that class.
created from that class will follow.
Wheels = 2
Color= Red
=
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Introduction
Greenfoot Objects and Classes Example
Here is an example of a Greenfoot world with objects.
The Frog and Fly objects are subclasses of the Animal
ObjectClasses
Object
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Introduction
Why Learn These Programs?
Now that you've had a chance to install and run Alice 3
and Greenfoot, do you have any ideas about why these
How can Alice 3 and Greenfoot help you learn
programming concepts and how to program in Java?
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Introduction
Why Learn Alice 3?
Alice 3 offers a good introduction to learning how to
program for many reasons:
“
forward” or “turn left” rather than obscure programming
syntax.
• You drag and drop objects on the screen and press
“Run” to run your animation rather than using the
.• When you make a mistake in Alice 3, it is usually
obvious how to fix it. In programming languages, it is
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often difficult to interpret error messages.
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Introduction
Why Learn Alice 3? (cont.)
Alice 3 offers a good introduction to learning how to
program for many reasons:
,
director.
• Alice 3 allows you to learn fundamental programming
concepts in the context of creating animated movies and
simple video games.
• y man pu a ng e o ec s n a v r ua wor , you cangain experience with many of the programming
constructs typically taught in an introductory
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programming course.
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Introduction
Why Learn Alice 3? (cont.)
Alice 3 offers a good introduction to learning how to
program for many reasons:
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Introduction
Why Learn Greenfoot?
Greenfoot is a good introduction to programming for
several reasons:
orientation which makes developing desktop Java
applications easier than starting from scratch.
• It's interface is an interactive development environment
(IDE) that allows you to edit source code, compile, and
', .
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Introduction
Skills Needed to Generate Animations andGames
Alice 3 and Greenfoot will help you learn to program in
Java. In order to use Alice 3 and Greenfoot to create
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Introduction
Steps to Create an Animation or Game
1. Define a scenario.
A. What story is to be told?B. What objects are needed?
C. What actions will take place?
2. Design the storyboard for the scenario.
A. Visual, textual, or both.
3. Create the animation in Alice 3 or game in Greenfoot.
4. Test the animation or game.
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Introduction
Parts of a Scenario
A scenario contains three parts:
• Story: The story to tell, or game to play. For example, a
.
• Objects: The objects you will use in your story. For
example, a frog and flies.
• Actions: All the actions the objects will take.
– For example: The frog will fly using arrow keys while the
es move a ou ran om y. en e rog ouc es a y, efly is removed from the screen.
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Introduction
Scenario Example
Scenario Element Description
Story .
and says hello back.
Two children (two males, or one male and one female)
and two trees.
Actions
Boy looks at his friend and says, “Hello.”
r en says e o an waves ac a m.
ResultUsing Alice 3, we have told a simple story about two
friends greeting each other.
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Introduction
Components of a Team Project
Teamwork is a skill that is needed in the 21st century
workplace.
Throughout this course, you will work on projects and
assignments in teams.
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Introduction
Components of a Team Project (cont.)
As a team, your success is dependent on many things
including:
• Shared responsibility
•
• Regular meetings
• Clear roles• Clear and defined tasks
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Introduction
Standards for Team Success
Imagine this:
• Your team has begun work on an animation project and
'
scenario.
• After hours of thinking and writing, you have created thescenario and are ready to present it to your team.
How will you know if your work will meet the expectations
of your teammates, and be well received?
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Introduction
Use a Rubric to Define Team Success
To ensure success, a team will define a rubric to assess
how the team performed.
matches the rubric criteria.
• The team and its individual members will review therubric for evaluation and reflection.
- project assessment. If followed, the rubric will aid in meeting the
team's criteria for success.
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I t d ti
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Introduction
Team Assessment Rubric Example
4 (Highest) 3 2 1 (Lowest)Contributions
Always… Usually… Sometimes… Rarely…
Problem
Solving Always… Usually… Sometimes… Rarely…
Attitude Always… Usually… Sometimes… Rarely…
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Introduction
Journal
Journaling is a learning tool most commonly used in
writing and history classes. It can also be very helpful
For example, you can use a software journal to:
• Summarize new concepts.
• Track changes and discoveries.
• Solve problems.
• Consider varying perspectives.
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• Track ideas for future implementation.
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Introduction
Read Past Journal Entries
One of the best things about using a journal in a
programming class is that you can read past journal
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Introduction
Journal Cookbook
In this course, your journal will take the form of a
“cookbook.”
You will add “recipes” to your “cookbook” as you learn
new concepts and code.
• Keep a recipe for each lesson or new concept.
• Make your recipes easy to follow by others.
• Use the recipes as your main study guide for the AP or
Oracle Certification Exam.
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Introduction
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Introduction
Journal Components
Your journal “cookbook” must be kept current and will
include:
• Recipe titles
•
• Important objectives and vocabulary
• Ste s to re roduce
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Introduction
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Introduction
Code of Ethics
You are a member of society.
• As a member, you are expected to follow certain rules,,
unacceptable.
• All societies rely on its citizens to abide by ethics, ormoral principals.
• Cyber ethics is a code of behavior for using the Internet.
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Introduction
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Introduction
Cyber Ethics Do’s and Don’ts
Do Don’tDo use the Internet to help you do your Don't copy information from the Internet
schoolwork. and call it your own.
Do use the Internet to learn about music,
video and games.
Don't use the Internet to download or
share copyrighted material.'
friends and family. with strangers.
Don't pretend to be someone else.
Don't be rude or use bad language.
Don't give anyone personal information
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.
Introduction
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Introduction
IEEE Code of Ethics
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
(IEEE):
technology and innovation.
• Publishes the IEEE Code of Ethics, a commitment to thehighest ethical and professional conduct.
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Introduction
IEEE Code of Ethics Summary
Summary of the IEEE Code of Ethics:
• Accept responsibility for decisions.
• ga e con c s o n eres .e., corrup on .
• Be honest.
.
• Continuously improve one's work.
• ' .• Treat everyone fairly and with respect.
• Never cause harm to our eers rather assist and
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support them.
Introduction
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Introduction
Computer Viruses
A computer virus is a form of a cyber attack, a method
used to gain control of another computer, or group or
attacks are:
• Identity theft• Spamming
• System infiltration
A computer virus is a program created by an unethical individual
or group of individuals with the sole intent of damaging as many
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.
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Introduction
Cyber Attacks and Cyber Security
Most computers prevent cyber attacks by using virus
scanning software.
Large organizations (even governments) rely on cyber
security teams to define processes that will avoid a cyberattack.
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Introduction
Cyber Security Practices
Examples of cyber security practices:
• Don't share passwords.
• eep an -v rus so ware up- o- a e.
• Only open emails from trusted sources.
,
name) on websites, including social media sites.
Cyber security is the establishment of processes with the sole
objective of mitigating cyber attacks.
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Introduction
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Introduction
Terminology
Key terms used in this lesson included:
• Object-oriented programming
• mens ona an mens ona
• Virtual world
• Behavior
•• Rubric
• C ber ethics
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• Cyber security
Introduction
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Introduction
Summary
In this lesson, you should have learned how to:
• Describe the purpose for using Alice 3 and Greenfoot
• Describe the skills used to generate an animation or
create a game
• Describe the components of a team project
• Create a teamwork assessment rubric
• Describe the purpose for creating a journal to document
programming projects
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Introduction
Practice
The exercises for this lesson cover the following topics:
• Playing a sample game in Greenfoot
• en y ng o ec s, s a es an e av ors
• Creating a scenario
• Reviewing IEEE code of ethics and relate to school
rou ro ects• Discussing cyber security and its impact to your country