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6th INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON

VOLCANIC ASH

Final Report

Citeko, Bogor, Indonesia, 11-15 March 2013

Convened by the World Meteorological Organization

In collaboration with the International Civil Aviation Organization

Hosted by the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology and Climatology, BMKG

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Table of Contents

Thanks to the Host Organisation............................................................... i

1. General Summary..............................................................................1

2. Summary of Problem Statements and Recommendationsby break-out groups...........................................................................1

3. Best Practice Discussions..................................................................5

4. Regional Outlook Fora: Target for 2018.............................................6

5. Conclusions .....................................................................................12

Appendices

Appendix 1: Workshop Programme.........................................................................14

Appendix 2: Available Participants Biographies......................................................18

Appendix 3: List of participants................................................................................30

Appendix 4: Short Abstracts of presentations given................................................35

Appendix 5: Terms of Reference of the Volcanic Ash Advisory Group ..................44

Thanks to the Host Organization, Organizers, and Sponsors

The participants in the 6th WMO International Workshop on Volcanic Ash would like toacknowledge the generous hospitality of Dr Sri Woro Harijono, Director General of BKMG andPermanent Representative of Indonesia with WMO for offering the excellent facilities at the BKMGTraining Centre in Citeko, Bogor, Indonesia. The beautiful setting of this Centre on the flank of avolcano in a lush natural setting, the perfectly equipped meeting rooms and hospitality facilities, thefriendliness of the staff and the very economical arrangements for participants, all permitted asuccessful meeting in a very close team spirit and cohesion of all participants.

Warm thanks should also be extended to the scientific co-chairs of the meeting,Dr Andrew Tupper (BoM, Australia) and Dr Larry G. Mastin (USGS, USA), for their great efforts inpreparing the agenda, working with the host organization in preparing the practical arrangements,and for guiding the meeting to a successful conclusion.

The organizers also warmly acknowledge the hospitality of Dr Surono, Director of CVGHM,Indonesias Centre for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation, in particular for the field tripto the site of relatively young pyroclastic flow and lahar field, and to the Volcano Observatory onGede Volcano. The field trip was kindly assisted by CVGHM staff and by Prof. Chris Newhall (EarthObservatory of Singapore), who shared his vast experience in geology and volcanology with theparticipants, and gave them a fascinating insight in the rich volcanological past and present of thehost country, which is home to no less than 127 active and potentially active volcanoes.

The coordinating and supporting role of the WMO, and the continued interest and support fromICAO for the activities of this scientific community are also warmly acknowledged. IATA alsoprovided significant sponsorship to ensure that all VAAC managers had the opportunity to attendthe workshop, which also incorporated the 3

rd VAAC Best Practices Seminar (see later text).

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1. GENERAL SUMMARY

The 6th International Workshop on Volcanic Ash was held at the BKMG Training Centre inCiteko, Bogor, Indonesia, from 11 to 15 March 2013. The meeting reviewed progress and

challenges following the unprecedented disruption to aviation by the recent eruptions ofEyjafjallajkull and Grmsvtn (Iceland), Cordon-Caulle (Chile) and Merapi (Indonesia), andconsidered the many workshops, meetings and negotiations, including the creation of theICAO International Volcanic Ash Task Force (IVATF) and the on-going work of the ICAOInternational Airways Volcano Watch Operations Group (IAVWOPSG), the stronginteractions with regulators, airlines, Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres (VAACs) and otheraviation stakeholders in the aftermath of these events.

Around 40 scientists, technologists and operations experts, whose contact details are givenin Appendix 1 to this report, participated in the workshop. For efficiency of process andbetter connections between the research and operational community, the 3rd in a series ofVAAC Best Practice seminars (ICAO/IAVWOPSG-led activity) was held in parallel with the

workshop, with the generous assistance of IATA. Representatives of the VAACs used theopportunity of the presence of the scientists to discuss the expected impact of the scientificprogress on the ongoing implementation progress of the VAAC best practices identified bythe series of Best Practice Workshops held over the last 2 years.

The workshop began with an opening ceremony at which Dr Sri Woro Harijono outlinedIndonesias progress and commitment towards volcanic ash hazard warnings for aviation,including improved VAAC services in the region, and Dr Surono discussed Indonesias 127active volcanoes (more than any other country), and the improving monitoring arrangementsbeing put in place. Dr Sri Woro Harijono declared Indonesias interest in becoming a newVAAC for the maritime continent based on the strong progress made in the country and thelarge number of volcanoes. The workshop warmly noted Indonesias engagement in this

area, and some very useful side discussions were held, to discuss avenues of progress inimproving volcanic ash warnings in the region. In relation to any potential new VAACdesignation, the Indonesian delegation was informed by the ICAO officer, Mr Raul Romero,of the due process to be followed, e.g. submitting a proposal to the the Asia-Pacific AirNavigation Planning and Implementation Regional Group (APANPIRG) of ICAO, whichwould consult with the IAVWOPSG. As the requirements for any new installations andservices needs to be supported by users, a consultation process with airline representatives,WMO and other stakeholders would be used to determine the user requirements and servicecapability requirements in terms of documented infrastructure, staff and resources.

In the general sessions, the workshop was presented with lectures outlining progress in theareas of observations (ground based, in-situ, remote sensing), modeling and best practicesfor VAACs.

Break-out groups reviewed and discussed the presentations, formulating agreed problemstatements and recommended actions for all stakeholders, as given in chapter 2 of thisreport.

2. SUMMARY OF PROBLEM STATEMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS BYBREAK-OUT GROUPS

Following the first series of lectures and presentations, 3 break-out groups were formed onTuesday 11 March to consider the following subjects:

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Issues of local data, and the interface between State volcano observatories,meteorological watch offices (MWOs), and volcanic ash advisory centres (VAACs).

Modeling Issues

Remote Sensing questions

The three groups reported back on Wednesday with the conclusions and recommendationslisted below:

2.1 Local Data, Interface between State volcano observatories, MWO and VAAC

This group focused on the two crucial questions of the provision of radar data to VAACs,including the questions of responsibilities, procedures and protocols needed, and requiredcompetence of personnel.

There was general agreement that existing fixed and mobile weather radars (both in C-Bandand X-Band) were excellent tools to determine the timing and strength of the eruption

through the determination of eruption height. Whereas in some States, advanced volcanoobservatories were operating dedicated radars for this purpose, it was found that in amajority of other States with active volcanoes, existing weather radars could be suitable forthe observation of plume heights. In these cases, however, the radar operators andaeronautical forecasters would require adequate training in the interpretation of weatherradar images to identify plumes, in particular where convective clouds are also present.

The group agreed on the following:

RECOMMENDATION 1:

That WMO, with the support of State volcano observatories and

Meteorological Watch Offices (MWOs) with relevant experience in radarobservations, consider developing required competencies, organizingtraining events and the creation of on-line training material for staff ofMWOs in States where suitable weather radars were placed in the vicin ity ofvolcanoes to supplement the manual observations. The group furtherrecommended thatWMO review and further develop existing guidance on the format, content,transmiss ion and interpretation of Radar-based reports on volcanic plumes,and that ICAO, WMO and WOVO/IUGG coordinate and promote thepublication and availability of such guidance in all concernedStates/Members to ensure widespread compliance with and application ofthe procedures.

The group further considered the widespread problems of adequate funding enabling asustainable operation of the State volcano observatories.

The group felt very strongly that despite recent advances in automated detection oferuptions by remote sensing, which is still uncertain in overcast conditions and for sometropical eruption scenarios, only properly monitored volcanoes could be considered not topose a significant safety hazard to aviation, as the first hours following an eruption with highash loading and uncertain position of the ash cloud pose the greatest risk to overflyingaircraft.

The group recognized that in densely populated areas, the first priority of theState volcanoobservatories would always be the safety of the population living within the designatedhazard zones, and that the added responsibility to provide information to aviation needs to

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be regulated by clearly defined requirements and funded through proper cost recoverymechanisms. In these cases, it was considered that the additional cost of monitoring the ashplume, preparing VONA for aviation and the dissemination of these State volcanoobservatories messages to area control centres/flight information centres, meteorologicalwatch offices and volcanic ash advisory centres would have to be fully cost recoverable. Inthe case of volcanoes placed along air route, but in uninhabited areas, the full cost ofmonitoring would have to fall to aviation as sole beneficiary of the service.

The group therefore formulated the following:

RECOMMENDATION2:

That ICAO, in close coordination with WMO and WOVO/IUGG review andupdate existing guidance material for the recovery of costs for volcanomonitoring, and ensure by a coordinated outreach action that this guidanceis brought to the attention of State volcano observatories, their parentgovernmental organizations and MWOs, and that WOVO be encouraged to

cooperate with ICAO and WMO in the application of the cost recoveryguidance for its membership assuring that a fair and equitable resourcingfor crucial safety information providers is assured.

2.2 Modeling aspects

The group agreed on the following statements and proposed the priorities of R&D for thescientific community (represented by the VASAG, whose Terms of Reference are given asAppendix 4) listed below. The group was pleased to note that the recommendations arisingfrom the break-out group's discussions were entirely consistent with the outcomes from the'VAAC Ins and Outs Dispersion Modeling Workshop' held in Washington DC in November2012 held under the auspices of WMO-IUGG VASAG. These outcomes, reinforced by the

break-out group's discussions, were to be further discussed at the IAVWOPSG/7 meeting inBangkok in the week beginning 18th March 2013:

Problem statements:

In humid tropical environments, plume height may be very insensitive to eruption ratedue to convective instability, therefore we need to investigate model limitations underunstable atmospheric conditions;

For model initiation, accurate data on plume height and its variation with time duringan eruption are essential. As already stated by Group 1, both stationary and mobileradars are considered a preferred source of such data;

Existing conceptual models of the relation between plume height and mass eruptionrate are based on a limited number of well-observed eruptions, and it is felt that it willbe highly beneficial to increase that data base by field campaigns to observe morevolcanic plumes;

The group felt a need to more fully characterize the vertical distribution of mass in theplume or ash cloud, according to grain size, especially the vertical distribution of fineash particles;

Experiments are needed to validate and improve the formulation of 1-D plume

models, perform inter-comparisons of 1-D models, and validate them with 3-Dmodels and experiments.

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RECOMMENDATIONS:

The Group recommended developing guidelines on when the use ofempirical relations and 1-D models is appropriate, and recommendedfurther studies to better understand the development of the umbrella cloudor buoyancy-driven features in the downwind plume.

Concerning the analysis of initial conditions, the group recommendedthe integration (assimilation) of satellite and other observational data intodispersion models.

The Group recommended further research to address the question ofwhen and how fine ash can be removed from the atmosphere to be able toconsistently determine when an ash cloud is no longer a risk, and todevelop an operational parameterization of the aggregation process.

The Group strongly felt the need to develop an efficient, objective andcomputationally sustainable method of determining uncertainty in ash-cloud model forecasts.

2.3 Remote Sensing Issues

The group considered the following list of issues and agreed on the priorities listed below:

While automatic ash detection has advanced significantly and is on the verge ofimplementation for operational use (e.g. at VAACs), there are still some outstanding

issues, e.g. spectroscopy, multi-layer clouds, refractive indices of ash in air, mixedclouds, ice-covered ash that will continue to require expert input and assessment;

The group recommendedthat VAACs should have access to multiple ash products(Pavolonis, Prata, etc.) to increase confidence, and give regular feedback to the dataproviders for inter-comparison and validation;

Concerning the critical early stages of an event, the group recommended thatVAACs should consider MODVOLC and EVOSS satellite-based thermal anomaliesfor detection of the onset of a volcanic eruption;

The group agreed that the development of methods to include observations into

transport and dispersion models through data assimilation will be the strategicobjective of research and development in VAACs for the coming decade;

The group furtherrecommended that satellite retrievals need to be validated againstairborne and ground-based measurements (e.g. lidar and in-situ) as part of anintegrated observing system;

The group encouraged the VAACs to consider SO2 retrievals in their operationalprocesses.

2.4 Training Issues

In a separate discussion, the question of required competencies and training to support theirachievement was discussed, and the following principles were adopted in line with the

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general WMO policies on training and competencies as expressed in the review of the WMOTechnical Regulations No. 49 Vol.1:

Training, Competences and Quality Management

The workshop was informed that the overarching Standards, requirements and guidancematerial relating to the implementation of quality management systems and aeronauticalmeteorological personnel competency Standards can be found athttp://wmo.caem.int/moodle under the Reference and Regulatory Material tab (accessachieved by logging-in as guest user).

The workshop welcomed the development of the UCAR MetEd COMET computer aidedlearning training modules (Access to these resources is free although it is first necessary toregister as a MetEd user). The workshop strongly supported the ongoing development ofthese and other volcanic ash related training resources as a priority activity.

Introduction to Volcanic Ash at

https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=882;

Volcanic Ash Impactsathttps://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=880;

Volcanic Ash Observation Tools and Dispersion Modelsathttps://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=879.

VAAC Anchorage also recommended the 2-part Satellite Hydrology and MeteorologicalVolcanoes and Volcanic Ash training resources available athttp://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/training/shymet/forecaster_VolcanicAshPart1.aspandhttp://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/training/shymet/forecaster_VolcanicAshPart2.asp.

3. BEST PRACTICE DISCUSSIONS

The workshop noted that, stemming from the ICAO IAVWOPSG/6 meeting in September2011, a series of best practice seminars for the operators of the 9 VAACs had been held in2011 and 2012 and facilitated by Australia and IATA, in collaboration with WMO, reviewingthe progress and gaps in harmonization and application of unified scientific principlesbetween the different VAAC provider organizations. In consideration of the need to connectthis process with the examination of progress in cutting-edge science, a decision had beenmade to run a 3rdand last such seminar in the process in parallel with the WMO workshop, toallow efficiency and a drawing together of some of the multiple threads of progress involcanic ash and aviation over recent years. The final results of the process were thenreported to the IAVWOPSG/7 meeting the following week (refer to the ICAO IAVWOPSG/7report).

The presence of seven of the nine VAAC managers at the WMO Workshop was thus greatlyappreciated by the other participants of the Workshop. In addition, a side-meeting of VAACmanagers under the Best Practice process took place on Wednesday evening and.reporteda number of the points discussed to the Workshop participants, as summarised below.

The side meeting, chaired by Ian Lisk in his role as WMO CAeM vice-president, wasattended by management representatives from Toulouse, Tokyo, Washington, Anchorage,Darwin, Wellington and London VAAC. The meeting gratefully acknowledged the generous

support by IATA for the previous seminars and focused on progress with and priorities forbest practice implementation as well as looking at the related issues expected to come upduring the ICAO IAVWOPSG/7 meeting in Bangkok in the week beginning 18thMarch 2013.

http://wmo.caem.int/moodlehttps://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=882https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=880https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=879http://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/training/shymet/forecaster_VolcanicAshPart1.asphttp://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/training/shymet/forecaster_VolcanicAshPart2.asphttp://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/training/shymet/forecaster_VolcanicAshPart2.asphttp://rammb.cira.colostate.edu/training/shymet/forecaster_VolcanicAshPart1.asphttps://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=879https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=880https://www.meted.ucar.edu/training_module.php?id=882http://wmo.caem.int/moodle

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The group noted that a number of science-related operational issues would be of interest tosome of the broader community present at the WMO Workshop, and noted:

(a) That the growing maturity of the definitions and interpretations of the visible anddiscernable ash discussion (to be discussed further the following week) was a very

helpful and welcome development for practical VAAC operations;

(b) That it remained a high priority to explore ways to portray confidence in volcanic ashinformation provided by the VAACs, and that it would also be potentially very usefulto explore the production and dissemination during a volcanic event by the VAACs ofa 3-hourly (or thereabouts) annotated T+0 Volcanic Ash Analysis chart based on anassessment of available volcanic ash observational data. These issues could beexplored together;

(c) That it could be very scientifically and operationally useful to create a VAACcommon webpage based on the WMO Regional Specialized MET Centre mirroredwebsite model to enable the exchange of model and, where possible, observational

data between the VAACs. A suggestion from one VAAC was also to exchangeVAAC Operational Manuals, post-event case studies and training resources toencourage peer review and facilitate greater harmonization was also supported.

(d) Whilst appreciating the need of users for volcanic ash forecasts that went beyond thecurrent T+18 requirement, the meeting noted that in order to satisfy suchrequirements and indeed any other additional requirements, additional resource andtherefore funding would be necessary whilst the underpinning scientific integrity ofthe products being supplied would also have to be maintained.

4. REGIONAL OUTLOOK FORA: TARGET FOR 2018

To better capture regional priorities, three groups were formed to represent the large areasof Asia and Oceania, Europe and Africa, and the Americas. They considered separately theircurrent status, plans and milestones to be achieved over a 5 year period, i.e. until 2018.

They were asked to provide input on a given template, under guidance from the meeting co-chairs, as below:

Exercise 1

Briefly describe a vision of where your region couldbe in 5 years, in terms of:

Volcanic monitoring

VAAC operations (including remote sensing, dispersion modelling, training)

Meteorological Watch Office operations (including local observations ofvolcanic cloud, SIGMET issuance)

Area Control Centre operations

Aviation user satisfaction

Exercise 2

Identify the top priority actions for each region to get there. Consider:

1. Improving existing capabilities and practices;

2. Researchoperations priorities;3. Roles and responsibilities;

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4. Risks to success and mitigation actions

The Asia Oceania Group provided the following input:

Region 1

Asia and Oceania 5 year vision

Priority actions

(be specific)

Volcanic monitoring Volcano observatories haveadopted uniform products(VONA), including aviationcolor codes

Monitoring capability issuccessfully developed inthose countries andterritories (in the Asia Pacific region) where there

is currently little or none

Enhance existing capability

Volcano observatoriesbest practice guidelineshave been developed andimplemented

In the above process,aviation interests arerepresented at theWOVO best practicesworkshop

VAAC operations(including remotesensing, dispersionmodeling, training)

Automated assimilation ofsatellite observations intodispersion models

Automated ash detectionalerting to the VAAC, to anoperationally useful level

Volcanic Activity InformationDissemination System(particular to this region)being used effectively

Information sharing, on an

operational basis, of ashdetection information and

Convincing businesscases are made to end-users (public and private)to fund research and thedevelopment required tobring research results intooperation.

Use VASAG to helpprioritize sponsoring

Develop partnershipsbetween researchers andoperators, such that theresearch results areapplicable

Observatory MWO linkincorporated into next

SIGMET test

Conduct regular (say,once a year) end-to-endvolcanic ash activityexercises conducted withthe region reported tovarious ICAO fora

Region-wideverification/validation anddebriefing of significantevents implemented

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dispersion model forecasts

Resolving the current

multiplicity of informationformats: volcanic ashadvisory, NOTAM /ASHTAM, SIGMET

Common Alerting Protocolused for all volcanic ashadvice products

Support website mirroring

Support relevantIAVWOPSG discussions

IAVWOPSG discussions

Area Control Centreoperations

Clear and optimized productdissemination pathways

Optimized communicationchannels

IAVWOPSG discussions

Actively support the

involvement of ATCrepresentation on IAVW

Meteorological WatchOffice operations (MWO)(including localobservations of volcaniccloud, SIGMET issuance)

Defined responsibility ofMWO to provide, to IAVW,weather radar basedobservations for volcanicash detection

WMO develops trainingmaterial

IAVWOPSG torecommend appropriatecommunication pathway

Aviation user satisfaction No unnecessary barriers to

improved service provision,e.g., IAVW engagement withair traffic management

Transparency of operatingprocedures across allstakeholders

Mature IAVW Concept ofOperations

Ensure all stakeholders

are engaged in theregional contingency plan

The European- African Group delivered the following results:

Region 1Africa and Europe

5 year visionPriority actions

(be specific)

Volcanic monitoring Africa: Currently some majorissues surrounding theability to observe, andcommunicate, eruptioninformation. Need to ensurethat State volcano

observatories are able to berelied upon to provide

Require that Statevolcano observatories inAfrica are reliably staffed24/7. Ensure thatinfrastructure /training isin place to achieve this.

This requires continuousfunding.

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information.

Explore the feasibility ofmore reliance on the AfricanMWOs as an extra pair of

eyes for observing (viasatellite data) eruptions andcommunicating this to theVAACs.

Europe: Integrated LIDARnetwork across Europeexpected within 5 years.

An understanding that in 5years time mostobservations will be mostlyquantitative, rather thanqualitative.

London VAAC very wellserved observationally forIceland by IcelandicMeteorological Office (IMO)but possible weakness for

Jan Mayen?

More use of webcams cheap and robust.

Where feasible a weatherradar sited near to each(10-15) African volcano?Requires seriousfunding.

This process has begun need to ensure thatpolitically it is continued.Important to maintainmomentum even withoutan eruption.

Use of low-value dronesfor low-eruption heightsampling? Better use ofseismographic info there is data but is notcurrently made available.

VAAC operations(including remotesensing, dispersionmodelling, training)

Be able to use satellite datato understand whether thesource term used is correct.

Assimilation of sulphurdioxide (SO2) and VA data

Good knowledge of sourceterm characteristics.

Consistent training suppliedto all VAACs

Inversion schemes arebeing developed somemixed results using Eyjadata but generallypositive. This work needsto be continued and takenforward.

Needs continuing likelythat in 5 years time this

will have been trialed andpossibly ready foroperational use?

Use of infrasound data toaccurately determinesource term parameters.Considered likely within 5years.

An easy win! Trainingmaterial can already beeasily passed around andthis should be built upon

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by the VAACs.

Forecaster exchangebetween VAACs understanding how each

works.

Meteorological WatchOffice operations(including localobservations of volcaniccloud, SIGMET issuance)

Africa: Greaterunderstanding /appreciationof impact of VA and ability toobserve it (via satellite, etc.)

Europe: Regular exercisesalready undertaken (bilateraland pan-European).

VAAC forecasters able toclearly demonstratecompetency.

Better technology transfer

Training supplied (viaWMO, EUMETNET, etc.)needs to continue.

A need to extend theseVA exercises to includeAfrican and Middleeastern countries planned by Toulouse.

WMO competencyassessments for allaviation (therefore VAAC)forecasters required byNov 2013

Science workshops (likethis) a good vehicle topartially achieve this.

Aviation user satisfaction All users well defined andable to describe exactrequirements

Use IAVWOPSG as avehicle to understandwhat requirements are. In5 years IAVWOPSG willbe a multi-disciplinarygroup including all users(Pilots, Airlines, CAAs,ATC, ATM, MWOs).

The results for the Americas were consistent with the other groups, but focused ontechnological outlooks:

Region 3The Americas

5 year visionPriority actions

(be specific)

Region 3 TheAmericas

5 year vision Priority actions (bespecific)

Volcanic monitoring Buenos Aires:In Chile, thefunded program to improvevolcano monitoring

throughout the country willsubstantially improve

Support the continuationof the Aleutian seismicnetwork

Continue to support the

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aviation support.

Washington, Anchorage:North America aspires thatthe North Pacific monitoring

networks not bediscontinued due to lack offunding.

strong progress that hasbeen made in SouthAmerica (Chile,Colombia, Ecuador), andpress for infrastructuresupport for CentralAmerica.

For State volcanoobservatories, clarify theresponsibilities regardingthe new VONA system.

VAAC operations(including remotesensing, dispersionmodelling, training)

Buenos Aires: Continuingthe trajectory ofimprovements that has beenaccomplished in the past

five years.

Ten new meteorologicalDoppler radars will beconstructed withinArgentina.

Anchorage: In the next fiveyears there will be a newoperational system(AWIPS2), and a digitalaviation database will be setup. All volcanic ash will beintegrated into that, and alldispersion models will beintegrated.

In Alaska, Radar is limited(7 Doppler radars).

Addition of GOES-R willimprove coverage.

Washington: No significantchanges known

For Argentina, continuinga good workingrelationship with theNational Weather Service

of Argentina, theUniversity of BuenosAires, the University ofBarcelona (FALL3D), andwith NOAA (HYSPLIT) isa high priority.

Development of responseplans needs to be tied tothe IAVW protocol.

Continue support ofGOES-R proving ground

Encourage continuedsharing of automatedvolcanic ash alert systemto other VAACs

Institutional requirementsshould be established toensure that research

products be activelyconverted to ops.

For the U.S.,reinvigorating theNOAA/USGS VolcanicAsh Working Groupwould ensure bettercommunication withbetween State volcanoobservatories andVAACS

Support the development

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of probabilistic modelforecasts.

Area Control Centreoperations

There need to beimprovements in thedissemination of AIREPs to

the VAACs.

Meteorological WatchOffice operations(including localobservations of volcaniccloud, SIGMET issuance)

Meteorological WarningStudy Group (METWSG) isconsidering the problem thatSIGMETs are not beingissued consistently aroundthe world.

Consider giving moreresponsibility to CentralAmerican countries fordealing with ash &aviation. Could theregional ICAO officeintervene with the MWOsin improvingcommunication andpractices?

Aviation user satisfaction Airlines in North Americaare not clamouring forconcentration charts.Airlines are satisfied withaccess to volcanoobservatory staff

In Argentina, airlines aremore interested inconcentration charts due toinsurance issues.

Aviation wants to seeforecasts farther out than 18hours. Airlines frequentlyask for a three-day run. Incoming years, forecasts willhave to be issued fartherout.

In coming years the demandfor volcanic ash graphics will

increase.

Continue support forUSGS volcanoobservatories to supportaviation users.

Continue to facilitatecommunication outletssuch as NWSChat.

Test and characterize theskill of long-term (>24hour) forecasts.

5. CONCLUSIONS

The meeting agreed that very considerable progress had been made in the 3 years since thelast workshop, thanks to the hard work from all involved. It remains very important tomaintain momentum, through WMO and ICAO processes and through the wider scientificcommunity.

All 3 of the regionally focused groups converged in their concern to at least maintain, and inthe less developed regions increase the monitoring of volcanoes together with an improvedinformation exchange mechanism between the Volcano Observatories, MWO-s and VAAC.

The field trip to a Lahar and pyroclastic flow area on the slopes of Gede Volcano, fieldtutorial on observational techniques and deductive hazard assessment, and the visit to the

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Appendix 1

6THINTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON VOLCANIC ASHIncorporating the 3

rdIAVW Best Practice Seminar (ICAO/WMO/IATA)

10 - 15 March 2013BMKG Training CentreFacilities, Citeko, Bogor Indonesia

PROGRAMME

Day Key items Notes

Sunday 10th

(Jakarta)Aiport pickup - delegates expected to arrive inSoekarno-Hatta International Airport Cengkareng andLocal Organizing Committee will pick up at the airport.

Hotel pickup - Delegates may, if they prefer, arrive

Saturday 9th, and arrange accommodation at a Jakartahotel prior to pick up and transfer to Citeko. ThePullman (formerly Nikko) Hotel and the Sari Pan PacificHotel, both on Jl. M.H. Thamrin Jakarta are highlyrecommended.

For anybody who wishesto meet for dinner on the9

th be in the Pullman

main foyer on Jl. M.H.Thamrin Jakarta at 18.45

for a 19.00 departure.

For Sunday pick up atPullman or Sari PanPacific please be readyin hotel foyers at 10:00.Other hotels byarrangement.

Sunday 10th

(Citeko) Evening :Scientific Organising Committee (SOC) and LocalOrganising Committee (LOC) meetingsChair of LOC: Dr Edvin Aldrian & Mr Syamsul Huda

(BMKG)Chair of SOC: Dr Andrew Tupper (BOM) & Mr LarryMastin (USGS)

Arriving delegates areintroduced through socialactivities, includingevening Icebreakerfunction.

Each participant will pay40 USD/day (cash)including room, breakfast,two coffee breaks, lunchand dinner.

Monday 11th Session 1 - Opening

10.00 10.25 Welcoming speech from Dr Sri Woro B.Haridjono, M.Sc, Director General of BMKG)10.25 10.30 Response from Dr Herbert Puempel,WMO10.30 10.55 Keynote speech - Dr Surono, Director ofCVGHM

10.55 11.20 Keynote speech Ir. Ichwanul Idrus,Director of Navigation

Chair: Peter Lechner

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Monday 11th

(continued)

11.20 - 11.30 Coffee Break11.30 12.00 Peter Lechner The InternationalVolcanic Ash Task Force12.00 13.30 - Lunch

Session 2 Recent experiences

13.30 - 14.15 - Discussion Merapi eruptions14.15 14.45 VASAG members overview of 2010-13 science meetings (including VASAG, ins and outsetc)

Session 3 Volcanic hazards20 minute talks14.45 15:25 (2 talks)Patrick Whelley VEI probabilities in SE AsiaBrad Scott Volcanic Monitoring in the New Zealandregion15:25 15:40 Coffee Break15:40 17:00 (5 talks)

Nicolas Brachet - Contribution of CTBTO InfrasoundData to Volcano Monitoring: Remote InfrasoundMonitoring of Mount Etna Observed and PredictedNetwork Detection CapabilityPeter Kreft - Weather radar imagery of New Zealandvolcanic eruptionsRichard Yeo Waiting for the next eruptionSungsu Lee - Mitigating Volcanic Disaster in Korea andSurrounding RegionTupper- Puyehue-Cordn Caulle, Eyjafjallajkull andother distractions the risk of over-confidence involcanic ash cloud warnings

17.30 19.00 Opportunity for side meetings

19.00 Welcome Dinner and Traditional Dance

Chair: Herbert Puempel

(note Indonesiandelegates in particular areencouraged to bringpowerpoint slides and

discussion pointsregarding Merapi andother volcanoes)

Chair: Chris Newhall

Tuesday 12th Session 4 Remote sensing and airborneobservation

08:30 10:10 (5 talks)Michael Pavolonis - Development of a System forQuantitatively Analyzing Volcanic CloudsYukio Kurihara - Volcanic Ash Product atMeteorological Satellite Center (MSC), JapanMeteorological Agency (JMA)Marianne Koenig EUMETSAT Volcanic Ash Products

Claus Zehner Monitoring Volcanic Ash from Spaceactivities at ESAFred Prata - The Airborne Volcanic Object ImagingDetector (AVOID) a new instrument for probingvolcanic clouds

10.10 10.30 Coffee Break

10.30 12.10 (5 talks)Marianne Guffanti - Multi-Partner Experiment to TestVolcanic-Ash Ingestion by a Jet Engine)Matthew Watson- Integrating NWP into volcanic ashretrievals

Simon Carn -Advances in UV remote sensing ofvolcanic clouds and satellite sensor synergy

Chair : Simon Carn

Chair: Fred Prata

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Ruica Vujasinovi- Visible Volcanic Ash: Setting thelimit or not?Bernadett Weinzierl - On the difficulty to define athreshold for visible ash

12.10 - 13.30 Lunch

Session 5 Modelling

13.30 15.10 (5 talks)Costanza Bonadonna - Characterization of the eruptionsource term and associated uncertaintiesLarry Mastin - Promises and pitfalls in using 1-D plumemodels to estimate eruption rateMarcus Bursik - Uncertainty propagation in ashtransport modelsAndrew Hogg- The effects of wind on the rise ofvolcanic plumes and the intrusions of volcanic ashClaire Witham - The challenges of modelling ash

concentrations involved in aircraft encounters

15.10 15.30 Coffee Break

15.30 - 17.00Introduction to field trip Chris NewhallBreak-out sessions 16.00 17.00 (ish):

1) Volcanic hazards includes discussion ofvolcanic monitoring, near-source volcanicplume monitoring including use of radar, dataexchange, MWO/VAAC relationships

2) Satellite remote sensing and airborneobservation

3) Ash dispersion modelling

Side meeting 17:30 19:00VAAC managers review progress since Best Practice2 meeting

19.00 Dinner and Entertainment Programme

Chair: Marianne Guffanti

Chair: Andrew Tupper

Wednesday13

th

08.30 15.00Field trip

16.00 17.00 (ish) Break-out groups report back rappoteurs (15 minutes each and general discussion)

19.00 Dinner and Entertainment Programme

BMKG will cover the costof the field trip includingtransport and a lunch box.

Thursday 14th Session 6 Training, competency, and quality

management

08.30 10.45 (6 presentations)

Emile Jansons - VAAC Service Delivery: a CompetencyBased ApproachPeter Kreft - Some aspects of operational practice atWellington VAACChris Lucas Volcanic Ash Research at CAWCRJeff Osiensky- Modernization of Alaska Aviation

Weather Unit and Anchorage VAACToshiyuki Sakurai Practical problems in distinguishing

Chair: Claire Witham

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ash clouds from each otherJoseph Mbolidi (5 minutes)- For a better watch ofVolcanoes in ASECNA area

10.45 - 11.00 Coffee Break

11.00 - 12.00 Thorny issues discussion

12.00 - 13.30 Lunch

Session 7 Best practice

13.30 - 17.30 Best Practice Exercise (includes coffeebreak)

Groups asked to consider current versus aspirationalpractices, including possible future InternationalAirways Volcano Watch products to meet the evolvingrequirements of the industry (e.g. confidence levels,

risk assessments, role of the SIGMET & local liaison,longer range forecasts, harmonisation

16.00 17.00 Report back and agreed actions to takeforward

19.00 Dinner and Entertainment Programme

Chair: Peter Lechner

Chairs: Ian Lisk & AndrewTupper

Friday 15th 08.30 10.15 Break-out meetings by theme

discussing key outcomes and future directions,preparing draft text for report

10.15 - 10.30 Coffee Break

10.30 - 12.00 Continuing Break-out meetings by theme discussing key outcomes and future directions,preparing draft text for report

12.00 - 13.30 Lunch

13.30 - 14.30 Report back from break-out groups,discussion of meeting report and wrap-up

14.30 Closing ceremony

15.00 Delegates return to Jakarta (own cost for hotel)

Chairs: Larry Mastin &Marianne Guffanti

Note schedule for

Friday may be varied bymutual agreementdepending on progress ofdiscussions.

Saturday 16th All delegates depart

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Appendix 2

AVAILABLE PARTICIPANTS BIOGRAPHIES

ALDRIAN, Edvin

Edvin Aldrian is a Director of Center for Climate Change and Air Qualityof BMKG since 2009. He is also an Associate Professor on Meteorologyand Climatology in Agency for the Assessment and Application ofTechnology (BPPT Indonesia). He received his undergraduate PhysicEngineering degree from McMaster University in Canada, a MSc in EarthScience from Nagoya University, and a doctoral degree in ClimateModeling from Max Planck Institute for Meteorology University ofHamburg. He is also a Lead Author for IPCC Working Group I FifthAssessment Report.

BONADONNA, Costanza

Costanza Bonadonna is an associate Professor at the Section of Earthand Environmental Sciences of the University of Geneva and director ofthe CERG-C (Specialization certificate for the assessment andmanagement of geological and climate related risk;www.unige.ch/hazards/). She received her undergraduate Geologydegree at the University of Pisa, Italy, and completed her PhD at theUniversity of Bristol, UK. She was then awarded the position of YoungInvestigator at the University of Hawaii and was later appointed theposition of Assistant Professor at the University of South Florida, USA.Her research focuses on various aspects of explosive volcanism and isbased on the integration of theoretical, numerical and field approaches.She is particularly interested in the characterization of tephra depositsand in the study of sedimentation from volcanic plumes and of theassociated hazards. Between 2003 and 2012 she was the leader of theIAVCEI Commission on Tephra Hazard Modelling.

BURSIK, Marcus

Marcus Bursik has been Professor of Geology for 21 years at theUniversity of Buffalo, New York, USA. Before that, he was a member ofthe technical staff at Jet Propulsion Laboratory (NASA). He earned hisPh.D. degree in 1989 from the California Institute of Technology(Caltech). One of his primary research interests has been the modeling

of volcanic plumes and tephra deposition.

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BRACHET, Nicolas

Nicolas Brachet has held the position of Acoustic officer at theInternational Data Centre (IDC) of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-BanTreaty Organization (CTBTO) in Vienna for 12 years (1998-2010).Nicolas has contributed to develop an operational chain of processing for

infrasound data at the IDC, and to promote the usage of infrasoundtechnology for scientific and civil applications. His first participation to aworkshop on volcanic ash was in 2007 in Rotorua, New Zealand (4thIAVWOPSG). Back to France in 2010, Nicolas is continuing his work onCTBT verification as seismo-acoustic engineer in the National DataCentre at Commissariat lnergie atomique et aux nergiesalternatives (CEA). Alongside this work, Nicolas has been taking anactive part in the ARISE project (Atmospheric dynamics ResearchInfraStructure in Europe) that was launched in January 2012, and whichuses the same common theme (the understanding of the atmospheredynamics) to bridge various communities from atmospheric science(infrasound, LIDAR, airglow) to volcanology and civil aviation.

CARN, Simon

Simon A. Carn is Associate Professor of geology in the Department ofGeological and Mining Engineering and Sciences at MichiganTechnological University in Houghton, MI. He received a BA in EarthScience from Oxford University (UK) in 1993, an MSc in Volcanologyfrom lUniversit Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand (France), in 1994, anda PhD in volcanology from the University of Cambridge (UK) in 1999.Following his PhD he worked as a volcanologist at the MontserratVolcano Observatory, Montserrat, West Indies, monitoring the activeSoufrire Hills volcano. From 2001-2008, Simon was a postdoctoralresearch associate and research scientist in the Joint Center for EarthSystems Technology (JCET), University of Maryland Baltimore County

(UMBC), USA, working with the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer(TOMS) volcanic emissions group at NASA Goddard Space FlightCenter. He joined Michigan Tech as Assistant Professor in Fall 2008.Simons main research focus is satellite remote sensing of volcanicemissions (primarily sulfur dioxide, SO2) using ultraviolet (UV) andinfrared (IR) sensors, including TOMS and the Ozone MonitoringInstrument (OMI), and synergistic use of sensors in NASAs A-Trainspacecraft constellation.

GUFFANTI, Marianne

Marianne Guffanti is a senior geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey,stationed at USGS headquarters in Reston, Virginia, outside of

Washington DC. Her areas of expertise include geothermal resources,the volcano-tectonic framework of the Cascade Range, and volcanic-ashhazards to aviation. From 1996 to 2001, she was Coordinator of theUSGS Volcano Hazards Program, which operates the five U.S. volcanoobservatories. Since rotating out of that position, she leads USGSactivities related to volcanic hazards to aviation at the national andinternational level, serving as a volcanological advisor to the FAA andInternational Civil Aviation Organization. She has been a member of theIAVWOPSG since 2005 and recently served on ICAOs InternationalVolcanic Ash Task Force.

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HOGG, Andrew

Andrew Hogg is a Reader in Applied Mathematics at the University ofBristol. His research interests include modelling two-phase flows withparticular application to environmental and geophysical flows. Recentresearch projects feature modelling granular avalanches and the design

of barriers to deflect and arrest flows; the runout of large-scale turbiditycurrents in the ocean and pyroclastic flows in the atmosphere; thetransport of suspended sediment in coastal regions; and the motion ofviscoplastic materials.

HUDA, Syamsul

Mr Syamsul Huda is Director of the Aviation and Marine MeteorologicalCentre of BMKG. He is responsible to manage all information services(including SIGMET), implementation of WMO Strategic Plan in Indonesia(BMKG) and international cooperation matters for aviation and marinemeteorology. Mr Syamsul has professional experience aboutmanagement of Met Offices, forecasting and has been an honoraryteaching associate at Meteorological Climatological and GeophysicsAcademy of Jakarta.

HUSSON, Philippe

Philippe Husson is deputy head of the central aviation forecastdepartment of Mto-France. He is the manager of the VAAC Toulouseand has been involved in the IAVW for more than 10 years. He is a

meteorologist and had worked in weather forecast from remoteKerguelen Islands to La Runion (there, as a tropical cycloneforecaster), before getting back to the Mtopole in Toulouse, where hehas been working in the field of aviation weather since 1994.

JANSONS, Emile

Emile Jansons is the manager of the Darwin Volcanic Ash AdvisoryCentre at the Bureau of Meteorology since 2011. Emile has previouslyworked as a Meteorologist in the Bureau of Meteorologys Darwin officeand has professional experience that includes tropical cyclone, aviationand severe weather forecasting. Emile was born in Port Douglas in thefar north of Australia and prior to joining the Bureau of Meteorology wasinvolved in radiation physics research at the University of Melbourne.

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KOENIG, Marianne

Marianne Koenig studied meteorology at the University of Cologne(Germany) where she got her MSc in 1979 and PhD in 1982. Work forboth degrees was on the Earth radiation balance and the specificradiative forcing of clouds, already using the first data of the European

Meteosat satellite. In 1983 she joined the Alfred Wegener Institute forPolar and Marine Research in Bremerhaven, Germany, where she wasinvolved in research campaigns to the Arctic and Antarctic. In 1995 shewent back to satellite meteorology and joined EUMETSAT. Since thenshewas involved in the definition of product retrieval algorithms for theEuropean geostationary satellite systems, including the preparation fornew programmes as e.g. the Meteosat Second Generation series in thelate 1990s and preparation for Meteosat Third Generation since 2010.She is currently leading the group for atmospheric applications ofmeteorological imager data, volcanic ash retrievals being one of theapplications. Her group works closely with the international sciencecommunity.

KREFT, Peter

Peter has been a meteorologist for over 30 years. Hes spent about halfof this time working in the National Forecast Centre, as both a forecasterand a manager, and the other half recruiting and training New Zealandsmeteorologists. Peter used to get his practical weather experience byfalling off his surfboard, which he was far better at than standing on it.These days, he estimates the wind strength when trying to run upWellingtons hills. Peters particular area of expertise is broad-scaleweather systems and he has been an honorary teaching associate atVictoria University of Wellington. He is Chief Forecaster atMeteorological Service of New Zealand Limited.

KURIHARA, Yukio

Yukio KURIHARA is a member of System Engineering Division, DataProcessing Department, Meteorological Satellite Center (MSC), JMA. Heis working on development of VA product. He is also taking charge ofmaintenance and development of space-based products, SST, Sea Ice,Aerosol, etc. for MTSAT-2 and next Japanese Meteorological Satellite,Himawari-8/9.

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LECHNER, Peter

Peter Lechner is the Chief Meteorological Officer for the Civil AviationAuthority of New Zealand, having managed the CAAs meteorologicalresponsibilities for 19 years. Alongside this work, Peter has heldpositions in senior management responsible for strategic planning and

reporting. In this regard he has just completed a 3-year business andfunding review resulting in new user charges and organisational change.Peter has participated strongly in aviation meteorological systemsdevelopment through various International Civil Aviation Organizationforums over many years. He has been Chairman of the InternationalAirways Volcano Watch management group since its inception andchaired the recent International Volcanic Ash Task Force. Prior to comingto the CAA, Peter spent 18 years with the New Zealand MeteorologicalService in various operational and management positions. He hasqualifications in meteorology and physics, as well as a Masters inBusiness Administration, and he maintains a private pilots license.

LEE, Sungsu

Sungsu Lee is the Director of VDPRC (Volcanic Disaster PreparednessResearch Center) which has recently been established in Rep. of Korea,sponsored by NEMA (National Emergency Management Agency), and aProfessor in School of Civil Engineering in Chungbuk National University.He has been a professional wind engineer and micro-meteorologist for15 years since his doctoral degree from Colorado State University, Ft.Collins, USA. Before he assume the position of director of VDPRC, hehas long been working in the field of risk assessment on structures andsocio-economic impacts from the natural disasters of large scale, inparticular, typhoon and storm surge. Upon his experiences of naturalhazard and air flow simulation, he has joined the task force team to studyneighboring risk from volcanoes round Rep. of Korea, which later

became VDPRC.

LISK, Ian

Ian is the UK Met Office Volcanic Ash Programme Manager. Thisincludes overseeing the activities of VAAC London and the ensuring thepull through of new and evolving dispersion modelling and volcanic ashobservational science into our operations. Fundamental to his role is themaintenance and development of national and international partnershipsand collaborations with academia, other organizations and the broaderaviation industry itself. He is the volcanic ash lead for EUMETNET(European network of 29 NMS) and in this is currently leadingEUMETNETs contribution to a European Commission funded volcanicash capabilities research project, WEZARD. As the vice-president of theWorld Meteorological Organization (WMO) Commission for AeronauticalMeteorology, he has responsibility for helping to oversee and directWMOs role, on behalf of its 189 Members, in responding to therequirements of the global aviation industry, primarily through the agreedworking arrangements between WMO and ICAO. Hes worked for theMet Office for 27 years as an observer, forecaster, instructor andmanager and is married with 3 kids.

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LUCAS, Chris

Chris Lucas is a research scientist in the Centre for Australian Weatherand Climate Research (CAWCR) at the Bureau of Meteorology since2004. Chris is currently working on a project to improve volcanic ashdetection and forecasting products issued by the Bureau of Meteorology

through the Darwin VAAC. Other areas of research include the changingnature of the global-scale meridional circulation and the intersection ofclimate and bushfire in Australia. Prior to joining CAWCR, Chris was alecturer and post-doctoral fellow at Adelaide University. Chris obtainedhis PhD in Meteorology from Texas A&M University in 1998.

MASTIN, Larry

Larry is a physical volcanologist at the USGS Cascades VolcanoObservatory, specializing in the physics and hazards associated withexplosive volcanic eruptions. Amongst other things, Larry is currently theco-chair of the WMO-IUGG Volcanic Ash Science Advisory Group. AtUSGS, he experiments on and develops numerical models of processes

such as the fragmentation, transport, aggregation, and deposition ofvolcanic tephra. He has worked at the USGS in this capacity since 1990.He obtained his Ph.D. in Geomechanics from Stanford University in 1988and, from 1988 to 1990, worked as a post-doctoral researcher inKarlsruhe, Germany, compiling data on tectonic stress in WesternEurope. He is married to Carolyn Driedger (a volcanologist who alsoworks at the USGS). They have a sixteen-year-old adopted Chinesedaughter, Clara.

MASUDA, Kazuhiko

Kazuhiko Masuda is the head of the 1st laboratory of MeteorologicalSatellite and Observation System Research Department in

Meteorological Research Institute/Japan Meteorological Agency.He is involved in the research of theoretical calculation of non-sphericalparticles such as volcanic ash, modeling of sea surface emissivity forradiative transfer calculation, and retrieval of dust aerosols from satellitessuch as GMSand MTSAT.

MBOLIDI, Joseph

Joseph MBOLIDI is Meteorologist Engineer, Responsible forMeteorological Forecasting and Air Navigation Protection, ASECNAHeadquarters Dakar Senegal. Specialist in aviation Meteorology, satellite

Meteorology and Climate Change. He is in charge of following forASECNA, all international activities in relation to volcanic ash sinceEyjafjallajkulleruption in 2010. He recently organized at Douala(Cameroon) two meetings on Volcanic Ash for ASECNA Meteorologists.First one in collaboration with Toulouse VAAC (November 2011), onNational and Regional coordination of Volcanoes eruptions, and thesecond related to Volcano Observatory Notice for Aviation Messages(October 2012). He is acting to ameliorate National, Regional and Globalcoordination for a better Watch of Mont Cameroun, Karthala, andPiton de la Fournaise volcanoes.

(ASECNA is Agency for Aerial Navigation Safety in Africa andMadagascar)

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MINER, Cecilia

Cecilia Miner is an aviation meteorologist in the U.S. National WeatherService (NWS) Aviation Weather Services Branch. She is currently theNWS Volcanic Ash Program Manager and also works issues related tothe U.S. NextGen program and participates in the WMO Expert Team

developing proposals to modernize the Terminal Aerodrome Forecast.Her background includes a Ph.D. in Meteorology, 22 years as an aviationmeteorologist in various roles in the U.S. Air Force, and 2 years as acontractor for the Federal Aviation Administration.

MUSCAT, Anton

Antons current role in the UK Met Office is described as the StrategicOperations Manager for Government Services. He isalso the OperationsManager for London VAAC and is also responsible for the provision of

other Emergency Response-type atmospheric dispersion forecastproducts on behalf of the UK Met Office, including nuclear and biologicalcontaminants. Linked to this he sits on a WMO Expert Team relating toNuclear and non-Nuclear Emergency Response Activities. Anton hasbeen with the Met Office for 22 years (going straight from University in1990) and has worked in Research, Forecasting and Management rolesduring that time.

NEWHALL, Chris

Chris Newhall is leader of the Volcano Group of the Earth Observatory ofSingapore (EOS), at Nanyang Technological University (NTU). Prior tocoming to EOS, he was a founding member of the US Geological

Surveys Volcano Disaster Assistance Team, where he worked on manycrises including that of Pinatubo (Philippines) in 1991. He has had thepleasure of working with Indonesias Center for Volcanology andGeological Hazard Mitigation (CVGHM) for many years, starting atMerapi in 1981 and continuing today with an EOS-CVGHM project atGede and Salak Volcanoes. Although most of his work focuses oneruptive histories and forecasting eruptions, he has been involved inissues of ash hazard to aviation in several capacities. He ledorganization of the First Intl. Symposium on Volcanic Ash and AviationSafety (1991) and represented the World Organisation of VolcanoObservatories (WOVO) on the ICAO International Volcanic Ash TaskForce. Hes also representing WOVO during this WMO-BMKGworkshop.

NOERDIANI, Dinni

Dinni Noerdiani is a Deputy Director of Aeronautical InformationManagement-Directorate of Air Navigation, responsible to issueand publish the aeronautical information such as AIP and its elements,Aeronautical Chart and handling NOTAM Office for issuing anddisseminating NOTAM/ASHTAM.

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OSIENSKY, Jeffrey

Jeff Osiensky is the Acting Chief of the Environmental and ScientificServices Division of the U.S. National Weather Services Alaska Region.In this capacity, Jeff leads the meteorological and science/technologyinitiatives within NOAA/NWS Alaska Region. In addition, Jeff is the

NOAA/NWS Alaska Regional Aviation and Volcanic Ash meteorologist.During Jeffs 25 year career with NOAA/NWS, he has worked for 15years leading operational aviation forecast offices in Alaska including theAlaska Aviation Weather Unit/Anchorage VAAC and managing the NWSAlaska aviation program. Jeff has been involved in various volcanic ashworking groups over the past 10 years including ICAO IAVWOPSG,NOAA Volcanic Ash Working Group, U.S. Office of the FederalCoordinator for Meteorology (OFCM) Volcanic Ash Working Group andthe Alaska Interagency Volcanic Ash Working Group.

PRATA, Fred

Fred Prata is a senior scientist at the Norwegian Institute for Air

Research (NILU) and the Chief Technical Officer of Nicarnica AviationAS, a recently established small company aimed at providing servicesand products to the aviation industry. Dr Prata studied physics at ImperialCollege, London University, and atmospheric physics at OxfordUniversity, before immigrating to Australia and working at CSIRIO for 23years. He now works and lives near Oslo in Norway and is involved inEuropean space activities, especially with ESA and Eumetsat. He haspublished over 100 peer reviewed papers, many of them on volcanic ashand aviation.

PUEMPEL, Herbert

Herbert Puempel is Chief, Aeronautical Meteorology Division and

Officer in Charge of Meteorological Applications Branch and WMOQuality Management Framework.Born: 14 Nov 1951 in Innsbruck, Austria, University Education: Universityof Innsbruck, Studies in Theoretical Physics, Dynamic Meteorology,Ph.D. in Meteorology and Physics obtained in 1978.Member of the Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology, WMO, 1990-2006.Chief of Aeronautical Meteorology Division, WMO, since 2006.Officer-in-charge, Quality Management Framework, WMO, since 2008.WMO officer in charge of Volcanic Ash issues, promoted the foundationof the VASAG in 2010, WMO representative on the IAVWOPSG andIVATF, Secretariat support to 4

th, 5

thand 6

thWMO/ICAO Scientific

Workshop on Volcanic Ash, co-organizer of 3 Best Practice Workshops,

and of the forthcoming 2nd IAVCEI-WMO Meeting on Ash DispersalForecasting and Civil Aviation, Geneva, 18-20 November 2013.

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ROMERO, Raul

Raul Romero is a meteorologist, working as senior technical officer withinthe Meteorology Section of the Air Navigation Bureau of the InternationalCivil Aviation Organization (ICAO) since the year 2000. As part of hisICAO responsibilities, he is currently the Secretary of two experts groups,

the World Area Forecast System Operations Group (WAFSOPSG) andthe International Airways Volcano Watch Operations Group(IAVWOPSG) which provide advice ICAO concerning both operationalsystems (WAFS and IAVW). He also assisted the Secretary of the ICAOInternational Volcanic Ash Task Force, established during 2010-2012 toaddress the issues caused by the eruption of the Icelandic volcanoEfjajallajkull. Prior to joining ICAO Raul worked in his home country,Uruguay, for 24 years in the field of Meteorology where he reached thepositions of Director of Aeronautical Meteorology and Director of theMeteorological Service of the Air Force.

SAKURAI, Toshiyuki

Toshiyuki Sakurai is a forecaster of Tokyo VAAC in Japan MeteorologicalAgency (JMA). He has been working for Tokyo VAAC for 7 years and istaking charge of supporting operation in technical field such as satelliteanalysis and dispersion models. He worked in Meteorological SatelliteCenter in JMA from 1993 to 2005. He has experience in cloud analysis,typhoon analysis and satellite control of Himawari.

SCOTT, Brad

Brad Scott is the volcano surveillance coordinator of GNS New Zealand.He has extensive experience in volcano hazard assessments, includingeruptions in Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Vanuatu, Antarctica and NewZealand. He has also been involved in research and monitoring ofgeothermal systems, including hydrotherma eruptions and postearthquake investigations (eg. Edgecumbe 1987, Lake Tennyson 1990).He has a wide experience in monitoring seismic and geodetic activity andthe analysis and reporting of these data.

SURONO

Dr Surono was born 8 July 1955 as a leading Indonesian geophysicistand volcanologist. He is the head of the Indonesian Centre for

Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation, (CVGHM) GeologicalAgency. After graduating from the Bandung Institute of Technology in1982 with a degree in physics, he studied at Grenoble University inFrance. He graduated from the University of Savoy, Chambry in 1993with a doctorate in geophysics. He became the Head of PhysicalVolcanology at the Volcano Analysis Division Volcanological Survey inIndonesia in 1993. In 2001 he became the head of the GeologicalHazard Mitigation Division Volcanology and Geological HazardMitigation, and in 2005 was appointed as Director of the CVGHM.

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TUPPER, Andrew

Andrew Tupper is the Northern Territory Regional Director of theAustralian Bureau of Meteorology. He has extensive forecastingexperience, and for his PhD focused on volcanic ash clouds in the moisttropics. Dr Tupper is currently co-chair of the WMO-IUGG Volcanic Ash

Science Advisory Group, and has had various other roles including asthe manager of the Darwin VAAC. From 2008-2010 he also served asChair of the Environment Protection Authority in the Northern Territory.Andrew has mostly lived in Melbourne and Darwin in Australia, andduring 2002-04 in Kagoshima in southern Japan. He is married with foursons, and enjoys singing and reading to relax.

VUJASINOVI, Ruica

RuicaVujasinovi is a researcher at German Aerospace Center (DLR)working in the Department of Pilots Assistance within Institute of FlightGuidance in Braunschweig, Germany. Her research interests include all

issues concerning volcanic ash and ATM system. She received M.Sc. inair traffic and transport engineering from the Faculty of transport andtraffic engineering, the Belgrade University, Serbia. Since 2010, she livesand works in Germany.

WATSON, Matt

Matts research involves inversion of remotely-sensed data to retrievephysical parameters of volcanic plumes and clouds over several spatialscales, using both ground- and satellite-based techniques. These includeultraviolet (DOAS, UV camera) and thermal infrared (FLIR, ASTER) gasspectroscopy, and visible - near infrared (Sun-photometers) and thermal

infrared aerosol retrievals (MODIS, AIRS, IASI). He is a member of theVolcanic Ash Observations Review Group (VAORG) that reports directlyto the UK Government and was a member of the Scientific AdvisoryGroup for Emergencies (SAGE) during the Icelandic ash crises. He iscurrently involved in five large projects two focus of climate engineering(SPICE and EuTRACE), two of remote sensing of ash clouds(VANAHEIM and CREDIBLE) and one on increasing resilience involcanic regions (STREVA).

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WEBER, Konradin

Konradin Weber is Professor of Physics at the Duesseldorf University ofApplied Sciences (FHD) in Germany since about 20 years. He is head ofthe Laboratory for Environmental Measurement Techniques (LEMT) atFHD. He has many years of experience in the development of optical

measurement systems for aerosols and air pollutants. Moreover he isinvolved in the measurement of volcanic emissions all over the world.During the last years he focused his work on airborne volcano researchwith piston motor driven aircraft, which have the potential to fly even inhigh ash plume concentrations. He performed a large number of volcanicplume flights during the eruptions of Eyjafjallajkull, Grimsvtn, Etna,Stromboli, Sakurajima and is strongly involved in quality assurance ofthese measurements. His laboratory is in contract with the GermanWeather Service (DWD) for a research aircraft standby in case ofanother eruption of a European volcano and had a similar researchaircraft standby for the CAA UK during the Olympic Games 2012 inLondon.

WEINZIERL, Bernadett

Bernadett Weinzierl is a research scientist at DLR, and a JuniorProfessor at the Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU), Munich. SinceMay, 2010, she is the Head of the Helmholtz-University YoungInvestigators Group AerCARE (www.pa.op.dlr.de/aercare). Her primaryresearch interests involve airborne aerosol in-situ measurements,microphysical and optical properties of aerosols (mineral dust, blackcarbon, and volcanic ash), the impact of elevated aerosol layers onatmosphere and climate, the impact of absorbing aerosol layers onatmospheric stability, and combining in-situ and lidar measurements tolearn more about aerosols. She received her Ph.D. in 2008 from LMU,

studying radiatively-driven processes in forest fire and desert dustplumes, her Diploma degree from LMU in 2004 studying tropicalconvergence lines, and her Bachelors degree in church music in 2002.

WHELLEY, Patrick

Patrick L. Whelley received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in GeologicalSciences from Arizona State University in Tempe Arizona in 2005 and2007 respectively, and his PhD in Geology from the University at Buffalo,SUNY in Buffalo, NY in 2012. He is currently a Research Fellow at theEarth Observatory of Singapore, within Nanyang TechnologicalUniversity, investigating the likelihood of volcanic ash-aircraft encounters

in Southeast Asia. His research interest include combining remotesensing and field geology observations of volcanic deposit morphology tostudy physical volcanology and geohazards, as well as studying aeolianand volcanic processes on the terrestrial planets.

http://www.pa.op.dlr.de/aercarehttp://www.pa.op.dlr.de/aercare

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WITHAM, Claire

Claire Witham works at the UK Met Office in the Atmospheric DispersionGroup. Her work includes the development of the representation ofvolcanic ash and eruption plumes in the Met Office atmosphericdispersion model NAME; provision of R&D support to the London VAAC;

development of systems for VAAC forecasters to run NAME, andimproving the underpinning science through collaboration with many UKand international research groups. Claire also contributes to otheremergency response applications of NAME, including nuclear accidentsand industrial fires. Prior to joining the Met Office in 2005, Claire did aPhD at the University of Cambridge investigating the dispersion,chemistry and human and environmental impacts of volcanic eruptionplumes.

YATES, Tony

Tony Yates is the Manager of Upper Airspace Weather Services for the

Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Tony spent 20 years as an operationalmeteorologist working at various sites around Australia, including Darwin,Perth, Hobart and also Antarctica before moving into the services policyarena three years ago. He also manages the embedded meteorologicalunit at the Airservices Australia National Operations Centre in Canberra.This unit plays a role in the dissemination of volcanic ash information tothe aviation community during major events.

YEO, Richard

Richard Yeo is the leader of the Icelandic met offices remote sensinggroup. The groups primary responsibilities cover the operation and data

product generation of the radar and optical sensor networks. Comingfrom a background in upper atmospheric physics and electronicengineering, Richard has spent the last 20 years involved in variousaspects of environmental sensing and the development ofinstrumentation and measurement platforms. Current research anddevelopment projects include investigating the use of autonomousaircraft to provide low-cost/low risk volcanic plume data, and gasmonitoring systems to detect magmatic changes.

ZEHNER, Claus

Claus Zehner, born on 21.09.1965 in Austria, has graduated during 1992

at the University of Technoloy Graz in geophysics and did during 2005 aPhD at the Karl Franzens University Graz in the field of atmosphericscience.As an employee of the European Space Agency (ESA) he has beenworking during the last 20 years on the exploitation of atmosphericsatellite data

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Appendix 3

List of Participants

Indonesian delegates

Name Title, Institution E-mail

Dr. Surono

Head of CVGHM (Centre forVolcanology and Geological HazardMitigation) surono@vsi.esdm.go.id

Dinni NoerdianiDeputy Director of AeronauticalInformation Management-Directorate ofAir Navigation dinni_n@yahoo.com

Aldrian, Edvin Director of Center for Climate Changeand Air QualityMeteorological Climatological andGeophysical Agency (BMKG)Jakarta - Indonesia

edvin.aldrian@bmkg.go.id

Huda, Syamsul Director of Aviation and MarineMeteorological CentreMeteorological Climatological andGeophysical Agency (BMKG)Jakarta - Indonesia

hsyamsul@hotmail.com

Drs. Herry Saroso,Head of Meteorological ClimatologicalGeophisyc Regional Office I - Medan

herry_saroso@yahoo.com;herry_saroso@hotmail.com

Heron Tarigan

Head of Administration Services SubDivision, Meteorological ClimatologicalGeophisyc Regional Office I - Medan

heront_sibero@yahoo.co.id;bbmgw1@yahoo.com

Drs. Subardjo, Dipl.Seis

Head of Meteorological ClimatologicalGeophisyc Regional Office II - Ciputat

subard.bmg@gmail.com ;subardjo@bmkg.go.id

Asrori

Staff of Meteorological ClimatologicalGeophisyc Regional Office III -Denpasar asrori@bmkg.go.id

Ahmad Mujahiddin

Head of Meteorological StationMakasar ahmadmujahidin@yahoo.com

Sujarwo

Head of Administration Services SubDivision, Meteorological ClimatologicalGeophisyc Regional Office IV -Makasar sjr75@yahoo.co.id

M. NugrahaKartadinata

Staff of CVGHMnugraha@vsi.esdm.go.id

Anjar HeriwasesoStaff of CVGHM

anjar@vsi.esdm.go.id

Oktory PrambadaStaff of CVGHM

oktory@vsi.esdm.go.id

Isyak, SEATC Cengkareng

isyaktea@yahoo.com

Karno, S.Si.TATC Yogyakarta

karno_64@yahoo.com

Joko Siswanto

Head of Meteorological Station

Cengkareng jokosiswanto_batam@yahoo.com

mailto:surono@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:dinni_n@yahoo.commailto:edvin.aldrian@bmkg.go.idmailto:hsyamsul@hotmail.commailto:herry_saroso@yahoo.commailto:herry_saroso@hotmail.commailto:heront_sibero@yahoo.co.idmailto:bbmgw1@yahoo.commailto:subard.bmg@gmail.commailto:subardjo@bmkg.go.idmailto:asrori@bmkg.go.idmailto:ahmadmujahidin@yahoo.commailto:sjr75@yahoo.co.idmailto:nugraha@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:anjar@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:oktory@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:isyaktea@yahoo.commailto:karno_64@yahoo.commailto:jokosiswanto_batam@yahoo.commailto:jokosiswanto_batam@yahoo.commailto:karno_64@yahoo.commailto:isyaktea@yahoo.commailto:oktory@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:anjar@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:nugraha@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:sjr75@yahoo.co.idmailto:ahmadmujahidin@yahoo.commailto:asrori@bmkg.go.idmailto:subardjo@bmkg.go.idmailto:subard.bmg@gmail.commailto:bbmgw1@yahoo.commailto:heront_sibero@yahoo.co.idmailto:herry_saroso@hotmail.commailto:herry_saroso@yahoo.commailto:hsyamsul@hotmail.commailto:edvin.aldrian@bmkg.go.idmailto:dinni_n@yahoo.commailto:surono@vsi.esdm.go.id

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Iwani Gema Staff of Directorat General of Civilaviation iwan66rokot@yahoo.co.id

Ir. Alidia, MMHead of Meteorological Station Citeko

stamet.citeko@bmkg.go.id

Capt. Leo WijayaPilot - Manager Technical OperationStandard Garuda Indonesia leewijaya@yahoo.com

Dody HaryantoChief of Operations and TrainingStandards section - Basarnas joaniefhitriah@gmail.com

Trisna Metria Staff of Sub Directorate FlightCommunications trisnametria@gmail.com

Ahadiat AdhiYudhistira

Staff of Sub Directorate Standardizationand Certification of Air Navigation ahadiat.yudistira@gmail.com

International delegates

Name Title, Institution E-mail

Andrioli, Miriam Buenos Aires VAACBuenos Aires, Argentina

andrioli@smn.gov.ar

Bonadonna,Costanza

Professor, VolcanologistSection des sciences de la Terreet de l'environnementUniversit de GenveRue des Marachers 13CH-1205, Genve, Suisse

Costanza.Bonadonna@unige.ch

Brachet, Nicolas Commissariat lEnergie Atomique(CEA/DAM/DIF, France

Nicolas.BRACHET@CEA.FR

Bursik Marcus Professor, VolcanologistDepartment of GeologyState University of New YorkBuffalo, New York, USA

mib@geology.buffalo.edu

Carn, Simon Associate ProfessorDept of Geological and MineralEngineering SciencesMichigan Technological University1400 Townsend DriveHoughton, MI 49931 USA

scarn@mtu.edu

Guffanti, Marianne Senior GeologistU.S. Geological SurveyReston, Virginia, USA

guffanti@usgs.gov

Hogg, Andrew Centre for Environmental &Geophysical FlowsSchool of MathematicsUniversity of BristolUniversity WalkBristol BS8 1TW

a.j.hogg@bristol.ac.uk

Husson, Philippe Toulouse VAACMeteoFranceToulouse 42 Avenue Gaspard Coriolis31057 ToulouseCedex 1, France

philippe.husson@meteo.fr

Jansons, Emile Manager Darwin Volcanic Ash AdvisoryCentreAustralian Bureau of MeteorologyNorthern Territory Regional OfficePO Box 40050Casuarina NT 0811

e.jansons@bom.gov.au

mailto:iwan66rokot@yahoo.co.idmailto:stamet.citeko@bmkg.go.idmailto:leewijaya@yahoo.commailto:joaniefhitriah@gmail.commailto:trisnametria@gmail.commailto:ahadiat.yudistira@gmail.commailto:andrioli@smn.gov.armailto:Costanza.Bonadonna@unige.chmailto:Nicolas.BRACHET@CEA.FRmailto:mib@geology.buffalo.edumailto:scarn@mtu.edumailto:guffanti@usgs.govmailto:a.j.hogg@bristol.ac.ukmailto:philippe.husson@meteo.frmailto:e.jansons@bom.gov.aumailto:e.jansons@bom.gov.aumailto:philippe.husson@meteo.frmailto:a.j.hogg@bristol.ac.ukmailto:guffanti@usgs.govmailto:scarn@mtu.edumailto:mib@geology.buffalo.edumailto:Nicolas.BRACHET@CEA.FRmailto:Costanza.Bonadonna@unige.chmailto:andrioli@smn.gov.armailto:ahadiat.yudistira@gmail.commailto:trisnametria@gmail.commailto:joaniefhitriah@gmail.commailto:leewijaya@yahoo.commailto:stamet.citeko@bmkg.go.idmailto:iwan66rokot@yahoo.co.id

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Koenig, Marianne Meteorological ScientistSection Head Atmospheric ImageryApplicationsEUMETSAT

Marianne.Koenig@eumetsat.int

Kreft, Peter Chief ForecasterMet Service of New Zealand Limited

peter.kreft@metservice.com

Kurihara, Yukio System Engineering DivisionData Processing DepartmentMeteorological Satellite Center (MSC)Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

yukio.kurihara-a@met.kishou.go.jp

Kurniawan, Edison Meteorological Climatological andGeophysical Agency (BMKG)Jakarta - Indonesia

Edison.kurniawan0503@gmail.com

Lechner, Peter Chief Meteorological OfficerCivil Aviation Authority of New ZealandAsteron House, 55 Featherston StreetPO Box 3555, Wellington, New Zealand

Peter.Lechnew@caa.govt.nz

Lee, Sungsu Professor, School of Civil Engineering

Chungbuk National UniversityDirector, Volcanic DisasterPreparedness Research Center52 Naesurodong-ro, Cheongju, Rep. ofKorea

sungsu.lee99@gmail.com

joshua@cbnu.ac.kr

Lisk, Ian Volcanic Ash Programme ManagerU.K. Met. OfficeFitzRoy RoadExeterEX1 3PBUnitedKingdom

Ian.Lisk@metoffice.gov.uk

Lucas, Chris Research ScientistCentre for Australian Weather andClimate Research (CAWCR)Bureau of Meteorology

GPO Box 1289Melbourne, 3001, Australia

C.Lucas@bom.gov.au

Mastin, Larry U.S. Geological SurveyUSGS, David A. Johnston CascadesVolcano Observatory1300 SE Cardinal CourtVancouver, WashingtonUSA 98683

lgmastin@usgs.gov

Masuda, Kazuhiko Head of the First Laboratory ofMeteorological Satellite andObservation System ResearchDepartmentMeteorological Research InstituteJapan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

masuda@mri-jma.go.jp

Mbolidi, Joseph Met Forecast and Air NavigationAssistance Manager,ASECNA HeadquartersP.O Box 3144, Dakar, Senegal

mbolidi2000@yahoo.fr

Miner, Cecilia Aviation MeteorologistNOAA Volcanic Ash Program Manager1325 East West Highway, room 13316Silver Spring, MD20910, USA

cecilia.miner@noaa.gov

Muscat, Anton Strategic Operations Manager forGovernment ServicesU.K. Met. OfficeFitzRoy RoadExeterEX1 3PBUnitedKingdom

anton.muscat@metoffice.gov.uk

mailto:Marianne.Koenig@eumetsat.intmailto:peter.kreft@metservice.commailto:yukio.kurihara-a@met.kishou.go.jpmailto:Edison.kurniawan0503@gmail.commailto:Peter.Lechnew@caa.govt.nzmailto:sungsu.lee99@gmail.commailto:joshua@cbnu.ac.krmailto:Ian.Lisk@metoffice.gov.ukmailto:C.Lucas@bom.gov.aumailto:lgmastin@usgs.govmailto:masuda@mri-jma.go.jpmailto:mbolidi2000@yahoo.frmailto:cecilia.miner@noaa.govmailto:anton.muscat@metoffice.gov.ukmailto:anton.muscat@metoffice.gov.ukmailto:cecilia.miner@noaa.govmailto:mbolidi2000@yahoo.frmailto:masuda@mri-jma.go.jpmailto:lgmastin@usgs.govmailto:C.Lucas@bom.gov.aumailto:Ian.Lisk@metoffice.gov.ukmailto:joshua@cbnu.ac.krmailto:sungsu.lee99@gmail.commailto:Peter.Lechnew@caa.govt.nzmailto:Edison.kurniawan0503@gmail.commailto:yukio.kurihara-a@met.kishou.go.jpmailto:peter.kreft@metservice.commailto:Marianne.Koenig@eumetsat.int

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Newhall, Chris Volcano Group LeaderEarth Observatory of SingaporeNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave, Blk N2-01a-10Singapore 639798

cnewhall@ntu.edu.sg

Osiensky, Jeff Acting Chief, Environmental and

Scientific Services DivisionRegional Aviation/Volcanic AshMeteorologistNOAA/National Weather ServiceAlaska Region Headquarters222 West 7th Avenue, #23 Room 517Anchorage, Alaska99513-7575

jeffrey.osiensky@noaa.gov

Pavolonis, Michael Remote Sensing SpecialistNOAA/NESDISMadison, Wisconsin, USA

Mike.Pavolonis@noaa.gov

Prata, Fred Senior ScientistNorwegian Institute for Air Research(NILU)

Chief Technical Officer, NicarnicaAviation AS

fred.prata@nilu.no

Puempel, Herbert Chief, Aeronautical MeteorologyDivisionWorld Meteorological OrganizationGeneva, Switzerland

hpuempel@wmo.int

Romero, Raul Meteorologist, Technical OfficerMeteorology Section, Air NavigationBureauInternational Civil Aviation Organization999 University, MontrealQuebec H3C 5H7 Canada

rromero@icao.int

Sakurai, Toshiyuki Forecaster, Tokyo VAAC

Volcanological DivisionSeismological and Volcanological Dept.Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

sakurai@met.kishou.go.jp

Scott, Bradley Volcano Surveillance CoordinatorGNS Science114 Karetoto Road, RD4, Taupo 3384Private Bag 2000, Taupo 3352New Zealand

B.Scott@gns.cri.nz

Surono, Dr. Director of Indonesian Centre forVolcanology and Geological HazardMitigation(CVGHM)

surono@vsi.esdm.go.id

Tupper, Andrew Bureau of Meteorology

Darwin, Australia, PO Box 40050,Casuarina NT 0811, Australia

a.tupper@bom.gov.au

Vujasinovic, Ruzica German Aerospace Center (DLR)Institute of Flight Guidance,Department of Pilots AssistanceLilienthalplatz 738108 Braunschweig Germany

Ruzica.Vujasinovic@dlr.de

Watson, Matthew Senior LecturerSchool of Earth SciencesUniversity of BristolWills Memorial Building, Queen's Road,BristolBS8 1RJ, UK

matt.watson@bristol.ac.uk

mailto:cnewhall@ntu.edu.sgmailto:jeffrey.osiensky@noaa.govmailto:Mike.Pavolonis@noaa.govmailto:fred.prata@nilu.nomailto:hpuempel@wmo.intmailto:rromero@icao.intmailto:sakurai@met.kishou.go.jpmailto:B.Scott@gns.cri.nzmailto:surono@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:a.tupper@bom.gov.aumailto:Ruzica.Vujasinovic@dlr.demailto:matt.watson@bristol.ac.ukmailto:matt.watson@bristol.ac.ukmailto:Ruzica.Vujasinovic@dlr.demailto:a.tupper@bom.gov.aumailto:surono@vsi.esdm.go.idmailto:B.Scott@gns.cri.nzmailto:sakurai@met.kishou.go.jpmailto:rromero@icao.intmailto:hpuempel@wmo.intmailto:fred.prata@nilu.nomailto:Mike.Pavolonis@noaa.govmailto:jeffrey.osiensky@noaa.govmailto:cnewhall@ntu.edu.sg

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Weber, Konradin Professor of PhysicsEnvironmental measurementtechniquesFachhochschule DsseldorfJosef-Gockeln-Str. 940474 Dsseldorf, Germany

konradin.weber@fh-duesseldorf.de

Weinzierl,Bernadett

Helmholtz-Hochschul-Nachwuchsgruppe AerCAREDLR Institute for Physics of theAtmosphereOberpfaffenhofen, 82234 WesslingGermany

bernadett.weinzierl@dlr.de

Wellik, Jay Doctoral StudentDept of Geological and MineralEngineering SciencesMichigan Technological University1400 Townsend DriveHoughton, MI 49931 USA

jjwellik@mtu.edu

Whelley, Patrick Postdoctoral Fellow

Earth Observatory of SingaporeNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang Ave, Blk N2-01a-10Singapore 639798

pwhelley@ntu.edu.sg

Witham, Claire VolcanologistU.K. Met OfficeFitzRoy Road Exeter Devon EX1 3PBUK

Claire.Witham@metoffice.gov.uk

Yates, Tony Manager of Upper Airspace WeatherServicesAustralian Bureau of Meteorology

a.yates@bom.gov.au

Yeo, Richard Remote Sensing GroupObservations Department

Icelandic Met. Office

richard@vedur.is

Zehner, Claus European Space Agency Claus.Zehner@esa.int

mailto:konradin.weber@fh-duesseldorf.demailto:bernadett.weinzierl@dlr.demailto:jjwellik@mtu.edumailto:pwhelley@ntu.edu.sgmailto:Claire.Witham@metoffice.gov.ukmailto:a.yates@bom.gov.aumailto:richard@vedur.ismailto:Claus.Zehner@esa.intmailto:Claus.Zehner@esa.intmailto:richard@vedur.ismailto:a.yates@bom.gov.aumailto:Claire.Witham@metoffice.gov.ukmailto:pwhelley@ntu.edu.sgmailto:jjwellik@mtu.edumailto:bernadett.weinzierl@dlr.demailto:konradin.weber@fh-duesseldorf.de

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Appendix 4

Meeting AbstractsOrganized alphabetically, by presenter

Bonadonna,CostanzaCharacterizationoftheeruptionsourcetermandassociateduncertaintiesCostanza Bonadonna1, Antonio Costa2, Wim

Degruyter3,Maurizio Ripepe4, Arnau Folch51.UniversityofGeneva,EarthandEnvironmental

ScienceSection,Geneva,Switzerland2.Istituto

NazionalediGeofisicaeVulcanologia,Bologna,Italy3.

GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,SchoolofEarthand

AtmosphericSciences,Atlanta,USA4.Universityof

Florence,Department

of

Earth

Sciences,

Firenze,

Italy5.

BarcelonaSupercomputingCenter,Barcelona,Spain

The characterization of the source term is crucial tothe understanding of volcanic explosive eruptions, to

the realtime forecasting of the spreading of the

associated clouds and to the longterm assessment of

their impacts. In particular, erupted mass, plume

height, mass flow rate and initial grainsize

distribution are all fundamental physical parameters

that need to be determined in order to describe an

explosive event. Strategies for quantifying these

physical parameters might differ whether they need

to be estimated in realtime or for longterm hazard

assessments and might be characterized by different

levels of uncertainties. Here we present variousstrategies for the characterization of the source term

and classification of explosive eruptions. We also

introduce a novel analytical expression that allows for

fast assessment of mass flow rate of both vertically

rising and bentover volcanic plumes as a function of

their height and that accounts for the effect of wind.

This relationship is compared with a onedimensional

plume model and validated with observations of the

1980 Mount St. Helens and of the 2010

Eyjafjallajkull eruptions. Uncertainties can be also

reduced if mass flow rate is deri