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IV. Assessment on Practical Skills

1. Practical Assessment in S1

Ten basic practical skills to be assessed

Practical assessment - Tasks 1-6

Practical assessment - Marking checklist

Practical assessment - Arrangements

Practical assessment - Revision tasks

Practical assessment - Evaluation report

2. Practical Assessment in S2

Ten basic practical skills to be assessed

Practical assessment - Tasks 1-6

Practical assessment - Marking checklists

Practical assessment - Mark entry form

Practical assessment - Memo for students

Practical assessment - Students’ reflection

139

1. Practical Assessment in S1 Ten basic practical skills to be assessed in S1

1 Transferring a small amount of liquid / solid:

using a dropper to transfer liquid from a bottle using a spatula

2 Mixing solutions:

tapping on a test tube stirring with a glass rod

3 Pouring solution from a reagent bottle 4 Lighting a Bunsen Burner

5 Heating a liquid:

using a beaker using a boiling tube

6

Measuring:

temperature length volume mass / weight time

7 Using a microscope 8 Preparing a microscopic slide 9 Filtration

10 Evaporation :

using a watch glass using an evaporating dish

Return

140

Practical assessment tasks Task 1

Name: ____________________( ) Group: ______ Date: _________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ Time Allowed : 12 minutes Total mark : 4% + 6%

1. Measuring skill

Tom picks up a pebble from the seashore one day and he wants to put it into a glass bowl for display. But he wonders whether the pebble is too big to fit in. (a) The longest length of the pebble

Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill. 2%

The longest length of the pebble = _____________________________________ 1%

(b) The spherical（球狀）glass bowl is 4cm in diameter. Is it big enough for the pebble?

_________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. Heating skill

Heat some water in a boiling tube by using a Bunsen burner. 3% + 3% Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill.

Apparatus & Materials: pebble, balance, thermometer, metre ruler, stopwatch, measuring cylinder (x2), beaker, displacement can, test tube holder, boiling tube, and setsquare.

Pebble

Spherical Glass Jar

4cm

141

Task 2


1. Measuring skill

Peter wants to send a Christmas gift to his friend who lives in Canada. But he only has enough money for a package that weighs less than 10 grams. How many cartoon clips can he send then? (a) The mass of one cartoon clip

Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill. 2% The mass of 1 clip = ________________________________________________ 1%

(b) How many cartoon clips can he send at most if the parcel has to weigh less than 10

grams?

_________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. Heating skill

Heat half a beaker of water by using a Bunsen burner. 3% + 3% Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill.

cartoon clip

Apparatus & Materials : some cartoon clips, balance, thermometer, metre ruler, stopwatch, measuring cylinder (x2), beaker, displacement can, test tube holder, boiling tube, and setsquare.

142

Task 3


1. Measuring skill

Judy bought a lovely swinging (擺動) toy. If she gives a small push to the card, it sways from left to right and back to left again repeatedly.

(a) She wants to measure the time required for the toy to make one complete turn. (That is, sway from left to right and then back to left)

Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill. 2%

The time for one complete turn = _______________________________________ 1%

(b) Can it make 30 complete turns in one minute?

__________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. Heating skill

Heat up half a beaker of water by using a Bunsen burner. 3% + 3% Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill.

left right card

one complete turn

Apparatus & Materials : a swing toy, balance, thermometer, metre ruler, stopwatch, measuring cylinder (x2), beaker, displacement can, test tube holder, boiling tube, and setsquare.

143

Task 4


1. Preparing a microscopic slide

Emily wants to observe the structure of some plant cells. She prepares a microscopic slide of onion cells. (a) Why does Emily apply a few drops of iodine solution to the onion cells?

________________________________________________________________ 1%

(b) Prepare a microscopic slide of onion cells.

Raise your hand when you are ready to start. The teacher will assess your skill. 3%

2. Using a microscope

(a) Place the microscopic slide of onion cells on the stage of the microscope. Adjust the microscope for a clear image. 4% Raise your hand when you are ready to start. The teacher will assess your skill.

(b) Draw a diagram showing two onion cells. 2%

Apparatus & Materials : a piece of onion scale leaf, microscope, iodine solution, slide, cover slip, forceps, a pair of scissors, tissue paper, beaker, dropper

forceps

cover slip

slide

144

Task 5


1. Measuring skill

Sean picks up a pebble from the seashore. He wants to put it into an aquarium (水族箱) which contains water. He wonders whether the water will overflow (滿溢) or not. Help him find out the volume of the pebble. (a) Volume of a pebble

Raise your hand when you are ready to work out the reading. The teacher will assess your skill. 2%

Volume of the pebble = _____________________________________________ 1%

(b) The aquarium still has a room of 40ml. Will the aquarium overflow if the pebble is

put into it?

________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. Heating skill

Heat up some water in a boiling tube by using a Bunsen burner. 3% + 3% Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill.

pebble Aquarium

Apparatus & Materials: a pebble, balance, thermometer, metre ruler, stopwatch, measuring cylinder (x2), beaker, displacement can, test tube holder, boiling tube, and setsquare.

145

Task 6


1. Measuring skill

Susan buys a bottle of juice for her lunch with two friends. She wants to know the net mass of the juice?

(a) Measure the net mass of the juice

Raise your hand when you are ready to work out the reading. The teacher will assess your skill. 2%

The net mass of the juice = __________________________________________ 1% (b) Allocate all the juice into 3 glasses evenly. How much juice (in mass) does each

glass contain?

________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. Heating skill

Heat up half a beaker of water by using a Bunsen burner. 3% + 3% Raise your hand when you are ready. The teacher will assess your skill.

A bottle of juice

Apparatus & Materials: a bottle of fruit juice, balance, thermometer, metre ruler, stopwatch, measuring cylinder (x2), beaker, displacement can, test tube holder, boiling tube, and setsquare.

146

工作一

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

時間 : 12 分鐘總分 : 4% + 6%

1. 量度技巧

亞唐在海邊撿到了一顆石卵，他想把石卵放進一個玻璃瓶中作裝飾。他現在想知道石卵

能否被放進玻璃瓶內。

(a) 石卵的最大長度

當你準備妥當時請舉手示意，老師將會進行評審。 2%

石卵的最大長度 = ________________________________________________ 1%

(b) 球狀玻璃瓶的直徑為 4cm。它是否容得下該顆石卵？

_________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. 加熱技巧

利用本生燈為大試管加熱。. 3% + 3%

當你準備妥當時請舉手示意，老師將會進行評審。

實驗材料 :

石卵、天秤、溫度計、間尺、秒表、量筒(x2)、燒杯、排水罐、試管、試管夾、

大試管和三角尺。

石卵

球狀 4cm

147

工作二

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

時間 : 12 分鐘總分 : 4% + 6%

1. 量度技巧

亞唐想在聖誕節送一份禮物給身在加拿大的朋友，但他只能負擔一個少於 10 克重量包

裹的郵資。那麼他最多可以寄出多少個卡通夾子呢 ?

(a) 卡通夾子的質量


一個卡通夾子的質量 = _____________________________________________ 1%

(b) 假如包裹的重量必須少於 10 克，他最多可以寄出多少個卡通夾子呢?

__________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. 加熱技巧

利用本生燈為半滿的燒杯加熱。 3% + 3%


實驗材料 :

卡通夾子、天秤、溫度計、間尺、秒表、量筒(x2)、燒杯、排水罐、試管、試管

夾、大試管和三角尺。

卡通夾子

148

工作三

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

時間 : 12 分鐘總分 : 4% + 6%

1. 量度技巧

亞珠很喜歡一件搖擺玩具，只要向紙咭輕輕一推，玩具便會不斷左右擺動。 (a) 她想量度該搖擺玩具完成一次完整擺動所需的時間。（先從左搖向右再從右至左）


一次完整擺動所需的時間 = _________________________________________ 1%

(b) 它可以在一分鐘內完成三十次完整擺動嗎?

_________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. 加熱技巧

利用本生燈為半滿的燒杯加熱。 3% + 3%


實驗材料 :

搖擺玩具，天秤，溫度計，間尺，秒表，量筒(x2)，燒杯，排水罐，試管夾，大

試管和三角尺。

左右

咭紙

一次完整擺動

149

工作四

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

時間 : 12 分鐘總分 : 4% + 6%

1. 製作玻片標本

亞美準備觀察一些植物細胞，並正在製作洋蔥細胞玻片。

(a) 亞美為何要把數滴碘液加在洋蔥細胞上?

________________________________________________________________ 1%

(b) 請你嘗試製作洋蔥細胞玻片。


2. 使用顯微鏡

(a) 把玻片放在顯微鏡的載物臺上，再調校顯微鏡以取得清晰影像。 4% 當你準備妥當時請舉手示意，老師將會進行評審。

(b) 繪畫出兩個洋蔥細胞。 2%

MUNSANG COLLEGE

PRACTICAL ASSESSMENT

實驗材料 :

一片洋蔥、顯微鏡、碘液、玻片、蓋玻片、鑷子、剪刀、紙巾和滴管。

鑷子

蓋玻片

玻片

150

工作五

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

時間 : 12 分鐘總分 : 4% + 6%

1. 量度技巧

亞桑在海邊撿到了一顆石卵，他想把石卵放進一個水族箱中作裝飾。他想知道在放進石

卵後，水族箱中的水會否滿溢。 (a) 石卵的體積


石卵的體積 = ___________________________________________________ 1%

(b) 水族箱還剩 40 毫升的容量。放進石卵後，水族箱中的水會否滿溢？

_________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. 加熱技巧

利用本生燈為大試管加熱。. 3% + 3%


石卵水族箱

實驗材料 :

石卵、天秤、溫度計、間尺、秒表、量筒(x2)、燒杯、排水罐、試管、試管夾、


151

工作六

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

時間 : 12 分鐘總分 : 4% + 6%

1. 量度技巧

亞蘇打算和兩位朋友在午餐時一同分享一瓶果汁。因此，她想知道果汁的淨質量。

(a) 量度果汁的淨質量。

當你準備妥當時請舉手示意，老師將會進行評審。 2% 果汁的淨質量 = _________________________________________________ 1%

(b) 將果汁分成三等份，每份的質量是多少？

________________________________________________________________ 1%

2. 加熱技巧

利用本生燈為半滿的燒杯加熱。. 3% + 3%


返回

一瓶果汁

實驗材料 :

一瓶果汁、天秤、溫度計、間尺、秒表、量筒(x2)、燒杯、排水罐、試管夾、


152

Practical assessment – Marking checklist

Marking checklist for assessment tasks 1-6 Method of finding the longest length - use of apparatus, reading methods

- (I)(a)(b) answers 4

Lighting a

Bunsen

Burner

Wear safety goggles

Close the air hole

Light a match before turning on the gas valve

Open the air hole to get a blue flame deduct 1 mark for 1 x

3

Heating

water

(test tube)

1/3 of the tube filled, test-tube holder near the tube mouth

Hold the tube diagonally, pointing to a safe direction

Move the tube back and forth deduct 1 mark for 1 x

3

Task

1

Total 10

Method of finding the mass of a cartoon clip - balance set at zero, record

readings

- (I)(a)(b) answers

4

Lighting a

Bunsen

burner

Wear safety goggles

Close the air hole

Light a match first before turning on the gas valve


3

Heating

water

(beaker)

Use wire gauze, tripod and heat-proof mat properly in the

set-up

Fill the beaker with water and put it on the wire gauze

Light the Bunsen burner burning properly and safely

deduct 1 mark for 1 x

3

Task

2

Total 10

Correct way to measure the time for one complete turn

- time for a number of turns to calculate the time for one complete turn

- use the stopwatch properly

- (I)(a)(b) answers

4

Lighting a

Bunsen

burner

Wear safety goggles

Close the air hole



3

Heating

water

(beaker)


set-up




3

Task

3

Total 10

153

Preparing a

microscopic

slide

(I)(a) answer

Sectioning (Specimen thin enough)

Staining (Add iodine solution) deduct 1 mark for 1 x

Mounting (tidiness, no excessive water / iodine solution,

no bubbles)

4

Using a

microscope

Fix the microscopic slide on the stage properly

Correct focusing procedures

Set the image in focus, with sufficient illumination

Correct viewing practices and posture

Accuracy of the drawings

Correct labels, title and magnification


6

Task

4

Total 10

Method of finding the volume - apparatus set-up, correct way to read

volume

- (I)(a)(b) answers

4

Lighting a

Bunsen

burner

Wear safety goggles

Close the air hole



3

Heating water

(test tube)

1/3 of the tube filled, test tube holder near the tube mouth

Hold the tube diagonally, pointing to a safe direction

Move the tube back and forth deduct 1 mark for 1 x

3

Task

5

Total 10

Method of finding net mass

- mass of (bottle + juice) – mass of bottle / beaker

- proper use of apparatus

- (I)(a)(b) answers

4

Lighting a

Bunsen

burner

Wear safety goggles

Close the air hole



3

Heating water

(beaker)


set-up




3

Task

6

Total 10

Return

154

Practical assessment – Arrangements

Proceeding:

1. Students wait in the waiting room and watch a video. 2. 6 students are led into the laboratory, sit at the back and spend 5 minutes on reading the

questions. 3. The 6 students then proceed to the corresponding benches to perform the practical task

individually. 4. They are given 12 minutes to do the experiments. 5. Students leave the laboratory after going through the assessment. 6. Students have to bring all their belongings with themselves at all times.

Floor Plan:

Duties of Teacher Assistant (TA):

1. Distribute question papers on the bench at the back of the laboratory. 2. Take students to the laboratory from the waiting room. 3. Arrange students to sit at the back of the laboratory. 4. Ask students to put down their names and class on the question papers. 5. Instruct students to spend 5 minutes on reading the question papers. 6. Direct the students to turn over the question papers when reading time is up. 7. Ask students to proceed to the corresponding benches when the apparatus and equipment are

ready.

1

2

3 4

5

6

Face the wall

Laboratory Laboratory

WaitingRoom

155

Time Arrangement of Practical Assessment:

Stage Time (mins) Proceedings Introduction 5 Teacher highlights key points during the assessment process

I 5

12 5 2

Reading paper Doing experiment Reading paper

Preparation of apparatus

II 12 5

2 Doing experiment Reading paper


III 12 5



IV 12 5



V 12 5



VI 12 5



VII 12 5



Legend: - 5 & Reading paper represent the reading time and process of next group’s students reading the question papers at the back of the laboratory

- Preparation of apparatus represents the time for checking and replacing apparatus by the laboratory technician

Allocation of Work:

1. Two teachers to assess students (Teacher 1 – Task 1 to 3; Teacher 2 – Task 4 to 6) 2. One laboratory technician to prepare the apparatus 3. One TA to supervise and instruct students in the waiting room during the preparation stage

156

Photos Showing the Laboratory Setting:

Time allocation Six sets of assessment tasks

Notice on the bench Notice on the bench

Collecting test papers Notices on the bench

157

Photos of Apparatus:

Task 1 - Measure the length / volume of a pebble Task 2 - Find out the mass of one single clip

Task 3 - Find out the time required for one Task 4 - Prepare a microscopic slide

complete turn

Task 6 - Find out the net mass of a bottle of Heating skill - Heat up water in a boiling tube

Juice by using the Bunsen burner

Return

158

Practical assessment – Revision tasks

Name: ____________________( ) Group: ______ Date: _______________ _______________________________________________________________________________ 1. Find out the height of the beaker.

The height of the beaker = ____________

2. Add 78ml of water into the measuring cylinder. 3. Find out the running time for all the sands to flow down into the lower glass bulb of the hourglass (沙漏).

_______________

4. There is some fruit juice in a beaker. Find out (a) the mass of the juice

(b) the volume of the juice

Answer: (a) the mass of juice : The mass of the measuring cylinder = ____________

The mass of the measuring cylinder with the juice =

___________

The mass of the juice = _____________

(b) the volume of the juice = ______________

Apparatus & Materials: balance, thermometer, stopwatch, metre ruler, measuring cylinder, hourglass, beaker, some fruit juice, Bunsen burner, setsquare, microscope, slide, cover slip, forceps and iodine solution

159

5. Heating some water in a beaker. Follow the steps below. (a) Measure the temperature of water. (b) Light up a Bunsen burner and heat the water for 3 minutes. (c) Measure the temperature every one minute. (d) Record the readings in the following table.

Time Before heating 1st minute 2nd minute 3rd minute

Temperature (ºC)

6. Prepare and observe a microscopic slide

(a) Prepare a microscopic slide showing some onion cells. (b) Apply a few drops of iodine solution to the onion skin. (c) Put a cover slip on the slide. (d) Adjust the microscope to obtain a clear image.

7. The table below shows the volume and mass of five objects (A to E).

A B C D E Volume (ml) 40 15 6 28

Mass (g) 30 100 48 7

(a) Find out the volume of C and the mass of A. (b) Some people say that heavy objects will sink (下沉) in water. (i) Do you agree? State your reason.

__________________________________________________________________

(ii) Carry out an investigation to test your idea. (c) Some people say that light objects will float (浮) on water surface. (i) Do you agree? State your reason.

__________________________________________________________________

(ii) Carry out an investigation to test your idea. (d) Some people say that huge objects will sink in the water first. (i) Do you agree? State your reason.

__________________________________________________________________

(ii) Carry out an investigation to test your idea.

160

實驗技巧練習

姓名：____________________( ) 組別：______ 日期：____________

________________________________________________________________________________

1. 找出燒杯的高度。

燒杯的高度是 = ___________________________________________________________

2. 把 78 毫升的水注入量筒中。

3. 找出沙漏內所有沙粒從上方流到下方所需的時間。

____________________________________________

4. 燒杯載有一些果汁。找出

(a) 果汁的質量

(b) 果汁的體積

(a) 果汁的質量：量筒的質量 = ______________

量筒加果汁的質量 = ______________

果汁的質量 = ______________

(b) 果汁的體積 = _______________

實驗材料 :

天秤、溫度計、間尺、秒表、量筒、沙漏、燒杯、果汁、本生燈、三角尺、顯微

鏡、玻片、蓋玻片、鑷子和碘液。

161

5. 按照以下步驟把燒杯內的水加熱。

(a) 量度水溫。

(b) 燃點本生燈，把水加熱三分鐘。

(c) 每分鐘量度水溫一次。

(d) 把數據記錄在下表內。

時間加熱前加熱 1分鐘加熱 2分鐘加熱 3分鐘

水溫(ºC)

6. 製作和觀察玻片：

(a) 製作一塊洋蔥細胞的玻片；

(b) 加進數滴碘液；

(c) 蓋上蓋玻片；

(d) 調較顯微鏡以獲取清晰的影像。

7. 下表顯示五項物件(A 至 E)的體積和質量：

A B C D E

體積 (毫升) 40 15 6 28

質量 (克) 30 100 48 7

(a) 找出 C的體積和 A的質量。

(b) 有人說：重的物件會在水中下沉。

(i) 你同意嗎？請解釋原因。

_______________________________________________________________

(ii) 嘗試設計及進行探究實驗以驗證你的想法。

(c) 有人說：輕的物件會浮在水面。


_______________________________________________________________

(ii) 嘗試設計及進行探究實驗以驗證你的想法。

(d) 有人說：體積大的物件會在水中下沉。


_______________________________________________________________

(ii) 嘗試設計及進行探究實驗以驗證你的想法。返回

162

Practical assessment - Evaluation report

Duration: Approximately one hour and forty-five minutes Students’ General Performance: - Understood written instructions. (No need for teachers to explain). - Serious, attentive and obeyed test rules and instructions. - Well behaved. Students’ Performance in Practical Work:

Skills Observations Using equipment for measurements [Measuring Skill]

- Well executed (generally speaking) - Students were able to use the given rulers to measure the approximate

size of an object of irregular shape - Students were able to use the balance to measure the mass of an object - Students were able to use the stopwatch - Students were able to use the displacement can to measure the volume of

an object of irregular shape Using equipment for heating [Heating Skill]

- Well executed (generally speaking). - In general, students could use Bunsen burners correctly and safely. - A few students forgot to adjust the flame (used yellow flame and did not

open the air hole) to get a blue flame for boiling water - A majority of students turned the air hole wide open for a roaring blue

flame as soon as the Bunsen burner was lit up. - A few students had difficulty in setting up the heating equipment

(Bunsen burner, tripod, wire gauze, etc) for boiling water in beakers. - Some students who were requested to boil water by using boiling tubes

did not remove the wire gauze and the tripod. - Two or three students did not make good use of the test-tube rack.

Rather, they just placed the tubes together with the holder in the plastic tray or a beaker.

163

Characteristics of the Assessment Tasks:

Task Required Skills Average

time taken 1 [Psychomotor skills] Measuring the size of an object.

[Psychomotor skills] Lighting up a Bunsen burner. [Psychomotor skills] Boiling liquids with the use of boiling tubes.

6-8 min

2 [Psychomotor skill] Measuring the mass of an object by using a balance. [Cognitive skill] Performing simple arithmetic calculation. [Cognitive skill] Employing problem-solving skills to find the

approximate mass of one single clip (since the balance used was not sensitive enough to measure the mass of one single clip).

[Psychomotor skill] Lighting up a Bunsen burner.

6-8 min

3 [Psychomotor skill – if students learned before] Measuring the time taken for one complete turn.

[Cognitive skill – if unfamiliar to students] Employing higher order thinking skills to come up with the best method for measuring the average time taken for one complete turn.

[Cognitive skill] Performing simple arithmetic calculation. [Psychomotor skill] Lighting up a Bunsen burner.

6-8 min

4 [Psychomotor skill] Preparing a microscopic slide. [Psychomotor skill] Using a microscope. [Cognitive skill] Observing the details of a cell under the microscope and

making biological drawings to record the characteristics

8 -12 min

5 [Psychomotor skill] Using a displacement can for measuring volume. [Cognitive skill] Performing simple arithmetic calculation. [Psychomotor skill] Lighting up a Bunsen burner. [Psychomotor skill] Boiling liquids with the use of boiling tubes.

10 – 12 min

6 [Cognitive skill] Employing problem-solving skills in choosing the best way to measure the net mass of a plastic bottle filled with juice.

[Psychomotor skill] Measuring the mass of an object by using a balance. [Cognitive skill] Performing simple arithmetic calculation. [Psychomotor skill] Lighting up a Bunsen burner.

10-12 min

164

Students’ Affective Development: Students’ attitudes and feelings towards the practical work were much improved after the practical assessment: - Students’ confidence in his or her ability to carry out practical work enhanced - Students valued hands-on activities - Students (especially girls) had higher motivation to participate in practical work Snapshots of Students’ Performance:

Measuring the length of a pebble Finding the mass of one single clip

Finding the time required for one complete turn Preparing a microscopic slide

165

Finding out the net mass of the juice Heating up a liquid

Measuring the volume of a rock

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iv. assessment on practical skills 1. practical assessment ... · assessment on practical skills 1....

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