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CAR TECH

EXPO

PRESENTED BY:

KANIKACHANDOLIA

NIMISHBHANDARI SMRITISANDHU

ANKIT VYASSADDAM AHMAD


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INTRODUCTION

Buyers Perspective

YESTERDAY

Demand of

Speed

Comfort

Amenities

TODAY

Demand of

Style

Designs

Advancedtechnology

Brand


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TECHNOLOGIES LAUNCHED

Recent Technology

Development

Global PositioningSystem

In-Car Internet

Self Parked System

Safety TechnologicalDevelopment

Night Vision

Emergency Brakes Airbags

Rear-view Camera

Rollover Protection

Blind Spot Detection


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Sellers Perspective

Discovered IT as a strategicbusiness asset.

Tying up with software vendorsto use software in cars.

Car manufacturers taking help intwo broad aspectsUsing sophisticated

technology to provide

enhanced features. IT as a tool for better sales

and administration.


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Developing Trends ofAutomotive Electronic Systems

Rise of importance of software in the Car


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MICROPROCESSORS in Cars

The need for sophisticated engine controls to meetemissions and fuel-economy standards

Advanced diagnostics

Simplification of the manufacture and design of

cars

Reduction of the amount of wiring in cars

New safety features

New comfort and convenience features


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Electronic Control Unit(ECU)

An ECU is an embedded system thatcontrols/monitors systems in a car.

Combination of ECUs is known asthe cars computer.

The cars computer is not one

system but a large number of smallsubsystems connected together by anetwork.

Modern vehicles have up to 75+ECUs.


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Typical ECUs Engine Control Module (ECM) Determine

parameters for an Internal combustion engine.

Electronic Stability Control (ESC) Improvesvehicle safety by preventing loss of control.

Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS) Improvessafety by preventing the brakes from locking.


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ELECTRONIC CONTROL MODULE

Controls the parameters of an internalcombustion engine.

Has developed into a closed-loop system, feedsdata back into the car to make decisions

Embedded System, resources are limited.

Early systems entirely look-up tablebased.

Current designs are able to computemany parameters on-the-fly but there isstill a few look up tables.


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ECM RUNNING MODES

Open-loop :This is when the ECM is not using input data fromsensors.

This occurs in certain circumstances where using inputdata would not be beneficial. e.g.: when the engine iscold, or wide open throttle.

Closed-loop:This uses post-combustion data to computechanges for pre-combustion parameters.

This change was implemented as the microprocessorsgot faster. Some use data from short period of time likea single trip while others keep track of data for months.


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I t ti i th


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Interconnections in theVehicle


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Using ECUs as Diagnostic tool

On Board Diagnostics or OBD-II standard

diagnostic testing.

Diagnostic Problem An error occurs but where isreally?

Logging takes place in trips . Major functions of a car are controlled and

monitored by computers on their own networks.

Malfunction Indicator Light : If something goes

wrong with the car, the computer will know andrecord a fault code long before a light comes onthe dashboard alerting that something is wrong.


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In the 1980s the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)

came up with OBD(On Board Diagnostics). It is a set of diagnostics data variables and also with a

relatively standard connector plug.

Its mission was to reduce emissions, make sure failures

could be discovered and fixed quickly via gooddiagnostics.

Internationally, OBD is handled by the ISO (InternationalOrganization for Standardization). As a result, every carcan accommodate the same DLC (Data Link Connector)

and generates the same generic DTC (DiagnosticTrouble Code).

OBD- I


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OBD II

OBD-II is an expanded set with morestandardization both in connectors and faultcodes, and was adopted by CARB in 1989 andlater by the EPA (Environmental Protection

Agency).

Starting with 1996, every car sold in the USbecame required to have a computer that can

generate the OBD-II codes and a standard OBD-IIconnector.


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OBD-II Scanners

Task:To interface with one or more data communication

network interfaces, read the codes, and convert for PC'sserial port can read.

Data loggers.: It collect all generated data, up to severalhundred hours' worth. e.g.: The Davis Car-Chip, via software,

is able to recreate every aspect of a trip-speed, distance,breaking and acceleration and much more.

It could easily determine speeding violations.

Provide important clues to what happened right before an

accident.

Fact: OBD-III is already being developed, and it will havemore sensor s and faster interfaces, and it also may containtransponders that could allow automatic vehicle locating

and monitoring.


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RECENT TECHNOLOGY

DEVELOPMENTS


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GLOBAL POSITIONINGSYSTEM(GPS)

Is satellite based system consists ofGPS units.

GPS units consist of

1. Space Segment

2. Control Segment

3. User Segment


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Four satellitespinpoints the precise

position of the receiveron the earth.

Information from the first threesatellites narrows down the rangeof possible locations to twopoints.

A fourth satellite is used toconfirm the target

location.A monitor in the carshows the relevantportion of the map.

The driver can enter the targetlocation, and the computer will

calculate the optimal route anddisplay it instantly.


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IN CAR INTERNET

Refers to internetservices provided inthe car.

Provides commoninternet benefits while

on the road likesending and receivinge-mails, socialnetworking, trip-

planning andnavi ation etc.


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Wireless ROUTER

Through an Aircard od Modem

It has internal battery that helps

eliminate the router fromrebooting as car starts andstops.

It is small enough to fit above or

on the sun visors.

Multiple devices can getconnected to it.


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SELF PARKING

Computer-controlled sensors find open parkingspaces based on their estimation of the proximityof other vehicles.

Once an open space is detected, it directs thevehicle's steering wheel to parallel park the car.

The driver controls the speed of the car via the

gas and brake pedals the manoeuvring of the carinto the parking space is done by the car itself.


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How does it work?

Drivers first pull up alongside the parking space.They move forward until the vehicle's rearbumper passes the rear wheel of the car parkedin front of the open space.

The driver's selection of the parallel parkguidance button on the navigation/cameratouchscreen causes a grid to appear (with green

or red lines, a flag symbol representing the cornerof the parking spot, and adjustment arrows)


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The driver is responsible for checking tosee if the representative box on the screencorrectly identifies the parking space

If the space is large enough to park, thebox will be green in colour if the box isincorrectly placed, or lined in red, usingthe arrow buttons moves the box until itturns green.

Once the parking space is correctlyidentified, the driver presses OK and takehis/her hands off the steering wheel, whilekeeping the foot on the brake pedal. Whenthe driver slowly releases the brake, whilekeeping the foot on the brake pedal, the

car will then begin to back up and steeritself into the parking space


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Intelligent ParkingAssist System

Launched in 2003

First automatic parking system

was developed by Toyota MotorCorporation in 2004.

Offering both parallel and back-inparking. The vehicle's computer

calculates the best parallel- orreverse-parking steering angles.


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How does it works?

Reverse parking automatically activatesthe backup camera system, and the car's rearview appears on dash navigation/camera display.

The driver approaches the parking space, movingforward and turning, positioning the car in placefor backing into the reverse parking spot. Thevehicle rear has to be facing the reverse parkingspot, allowing the backup camera to 'see' the

parking area.


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Reverse automatically activates the backupcamera system, and the driver selects thereverse park guidance button on thenavigation/camera touchscreen (the grid appearswith green or red lines, a flag symbolrepresenting the corner of the parking spot, andadjustment arrows; reverse parking adds rotation

selection).After checking the parking space andengaging the reverse park procedure, the sameexact parking process occurs as the car reverseparks into the spot.


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SAFETY TECHNOLOGICALDEVELOPMENTS


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NIGHT VISION

Helps in increasingdrivers perception

on the road.

Effective in darknessand poor weather.


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BUT HOWDOES ITWORK ?


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REAR VIEW CAMERA

Acts as a video camera.

Provide an aid in backing up.

Powered by car battery.

Lowers the risk of accidentlyhitting children or small

animal wandering into thepath of the vehicle.


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BUT HOW DOES IT WORK ?

WIRELESS SYSTEM

WIRED SYSTEM


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Run-flat tyres

Run-flat tyres keep you mobileeven if all tyre pressure is lost.

With run-flat tyres fitted, you can

continue driving for up to 150 kmat a speed of up to 80 km/h

without any significant loss invehicle stability.


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HANDS OFF DOZECONTROL

Also known as ACC (AdaptiveCruise Control).

Adjusts cars speed to maintain asafe following distance.

Drivers use it to avoidunconsciously violating speedlimits.

Useful for long drives acrosshighways.


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BUT HOW DOES IT WORK ?


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Collision Mitigation System

It recognizes when the driver makes a panic stop .

It apply additional brake pressure to help shorten thestopping distance.

It is different from an antilock braking system orelectronic brake force distribution.

It may also work in conjunction with the smart cruisecontrol or stability control system if it senses apotential collision.

It is often called brake assist, although BMW, forexample, refers to it as Dynamic Brake Control.


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AIRBAG SYSTEM

First, there is the bag itself, which is made of thin,nylon fabric and folded into the steering wheel orthe dash board.

Then there is the sensor that tells the bag toinflate.

Finally, there is the inflation system. Air bags areactually inflated by the equivalent of a solid rocketbooster.


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ROLLOVER PROTECTION SYSTEM

If the system senses a potential rollover, it applies thebrakes and modulate throttle as needed to maintaincontrol.

DaimlerChrysler calls it Electronic Roll Mitigation, Fordnamed it Roll Stability Control, and GM's is ProactiveRoll Avoidance.

Range Rover's is Active Roll Mitigation, while Volvo's iscalled Roll-Over Protection System. But they all havethe same goal.


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BLIND-SPOT DETECTION

Also known as Side assist or collision warning.

A blind spot in a vehicle is an area around the car that

cannot be directly observed by the driver while at thecontrols, under existing circumstances.

If it detects something in the way, it may flash a light inyour mirror, cause the seat or steering wheel to vibrate,or sound an alarm


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Blind spots exist in awide range of vehicles:

cars, trucks,motorboats and aircraft

Other types of transport

have no blind spots atall, such as bicycles,motorcycle and horses.


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EMERGENCY RESPONSE

There are a variety of ways vehicles now and in the futurewill handle an emergency situation

1. DaimlerChrysler's Enhanced Accident Response System(EARS): Turns on interior lighting, unlocks doors and

shuts off fuel when airbags deploy.

2.Volkswagen's also switches on the hazards anddisconnects the battery terminal from the alternator.

3. GM's OnStar and BMW Assist both alert their respectiveresponse centers of the accident and make crashdetails available to emergency personnel


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A PEEP INTO FUTURE


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SELF DRIVEN CARS

It means a car that can drive itself, andthey're probably closer to being a reality thanyou might think.

Google's self-driven cars will soon beappearing on Nevada roads after the state'sDepartment of Motor Vehicles approved the

nation's first autonomous vehicle license.


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How does it work ?


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CAR CONTROLLED BYSMARTPHONES

Nissan's 8th EV conceptcar PIVO3 can becontrolled andcommunicated withsmartphones.

REUTERS/Kim Kyung-Hoon.

A model holds a smartphoneas she poses with Nissan'snew concept car PIVO3 at itsunveiling ceremony forjournalists at its technicalcenter in Atsugi, south of

Tokyo.

On the similar


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On the similarlines

General Motors ElectricNetworked Vehicle (EN-V)concept represents a vision ofthe future of urban personalmobility which includes

1. A feature that would allow thevehicle to park itself

2.Automatically return to theuser when summoned from asmartphone application.


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CAR-CARCOMMUNICATION

Uses advanced Wi-FiTechnology.

Transmit cars location andrecognize other car

surrounded. The system will gives warning

of an oncoming car whilepassing a vehicle on a countryroad.

Alerts car about to blowthrough a red light.

Tells when a vehicle severalcars ahead has stopped short


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AUGMENTED REALITYDASHBOARD

Near future cars will be able toidentify external objects infront of the driver

Display information aboutthem on the windshield.

BMW has already implementeda windshield display in some oftheir cars which displays basicinformation.

Also developing augmentedreality dashboards.


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FLYING CARS

In near terms futurecars will be flying.

Kitty Hawk andDaimler were just thebeginnings.

Some of them are the Switchblade, PAL-VOne, X-Hawk, LaBiche FSC-1, Moller Skycarand the Milner AirCar. TerrafugiaTransition taking online orders for its flyingcar which will be flying in the sky very soon.


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And Technology will always continue to surpriseus!!


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THANK

YOU !!

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