İstanbullu • A- Z Dictionary of Istanbulian

istanbullu Dictionary of İstanbulians

Ali Akpınar

dem publishing

Published by

Dem Publishing & Language Services İstanbul, Türkiye

Dem Publications / 8 Istanbul Books / 1

İstanbullu, Dictionary of Istanbulians By Ali Akpınar

Copyright © 2009 Ali Akpınar All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.

ISBN: 978-605-89268-7-5

Printed in Ümit Copy Center

Kadıköy, İstanbul, Türkiye

Dem Yayıncılık ve Dil Hizmetleri, Istanbul, Türkiye www.demyayincilik.com info@demyayincilik.com

www.istanbul-pedia.com

Introduction

Thank you for buying İstanbullu, A Dictionary of İstanbulians. I wanted to write a single book about İstanbul that functions as a useful Turkish-English dictionary, as an İstanbul encyclopedia, and as an İstanbul guide book.

İstanbullu is intended to be useful for tourists and for people who are residing in İstanbul. Once in the city, a non-native visitor will be confronted with words like vapur, ezan, Adalar, Kuru Kahveci Mehmet Efendi, simit, tepe, dolmuş, tavukgöğsü, bay, bayan, akbil, kahvaltı, abi, abla, çınaraltı, balık ekmek, aşure, bozuk para, paçanga, 50’lik, yakamoz, Adalar, ocakbaşı, köy and more. The reader of this book will learn what those words mean. I hope the same reader will take away more from the book than Turkish vocabulary and that he or she will want to read it while drinking tea or coffee by the Bosphorus.

Of course, it is not possible to write about all aspects of a city in one book. This is especially true for İstanbul, a city with about 15 million inhabitants and a city that is one of the oldest in the world. However, I tried to show as much of the surface of the city as possible and I hope that this book will make readers want to learn more about the city and the people living there than any book could ever teach them.

Ali Akpınar

Acknowledgements

Many thanks to Sanda Vladescu, Steven Hanson and Mark Schwindt for their help and support. I am also grateful to the contributers below for permission to reproduce copyright materials on the cover:

Linda Caldwell © people at the ferry station Özal Işık © mosque & cat & İnönü Stadium & ferry István Tóth © old houses & the Bosphorus Bridge Kristina Kellermann © backgammon board Sevgi Durmaz © candies Abdullah Eyles © akbil Tavane Symington © Mimar Sinan statue & street car in Taksim H. Volkan Cengiz © judas tree & tulip Aisling Mckenna © simit David Fernández Zumalacárregui © Efes Pilsen Els Alphenaar © dolma, stuffed pepper Steven Hanson © dooms, A2d (http://www.flickr.com/photos/a2d/) © a cup of tea

Turkish Alphabet

A a /ʌ/ As u in funny B b /b/ As b in bat C c /dʒ/ As j in job, jacket Ç ç /tʃ/ As chiin cheap D d /d/ As d in dog E e /e/ As e in red F f /f/ As f in far G g /g/ As g in gap, garlic Ğ ğ /ɣ/ No English equivalent H h /h/ As h in hot I ı /ɯ/ As e in open İ i /i/ As i in hit J j /ʒ/ As s in measure K k /k/ As k in kangaroo L l /l/ As l in let M m /m/ As m in man N n /n/ As n in nay O o /o/ As a shortened o in no Ö ö /œ/ As e in her P p /p/ As p in put R r /ɾ/ As the r in rapid S s /s/ As s in sand Ş ş /ʃ/ As sh in shoes T t /t/ As t in top U u /u/ As oo in boot Ü ü /y/ As in few, über in German V v /v/ As v in valve Y y /j/ As y in you Z z /z/ As z in zip

Notes • Ğğ is not pronounced. It lengthens preceding vowel slightly. • There is not Q, X, W in Turkish. X is written as KS, and W is

pronounced as V.

Dedicated to İstanbullu Fiko…

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A AA Abbreviation Anadolu Ajansı, Anatolian news agency. Further information Anadolu Ajansı aa.com.tr

ABDEST Religion, Farsi Ritual ablution, the state of canonical purity. Muslims get washed before the namaz, pray. Therefore there are taps and fountains in the yard of mosques. See Namaz

ABİ Title Big brother, short form of ağabey; used to address senior males, showing love and respect just as to a big brother. Abi is one of the most common words used by İstanbullu: Bakar mısın Abi? Abi bu kaç para? Buyur Abi? N’aber Abi? Tamam Abi. Yok Abi. Var Abi. Sağ ol Abi… It is also used for “bro” between male friends (and even between girls). See Abla, Aile

ABLA Title Big sister; used to address girls or women, showing love and respect just as to a big sister. Abla, like abi, is heard quite often in the street: Bakar mısın Abla? Abla bu kaç para? Buyur Abla? Tamam Abla. Yok Abla. Var Abla. Sağ ol Abla… See Abi, Aile

ABONE Language Subscriber, a person who has contracted with a public utility for its services, user, consumer. Turkish abone olmak to subscribe to abone ücreti subscription fee

ACAYİP Language Strange, weird, unusual; very, so e.g. acayip güzel, acayip büyük etc.

ACI Language Spicy, hot e.g. acı biber; bitter e.g. acıbadem Turkish Gerçekler acıdır. Reality bites. See Ekşi, Tatlı

ACİL Language Urgent; emergency. Turkish acil çıkış emergency exit acil servis emergency service

AÇIK Language Open e.g. Kapı açık; sunny, open (air) e.g. Hava açık. Açık hava; weak (tea) e.g. açık bir çay; light (colour) e.g. açık mavi. See Kapalı, Koyu

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AÇIK HAVA TİYATROSU Culture Open-air theatre in Harbiye on the European side. See Konser

AÇMA Fastfood A kind of savory bun that is usually sold with simit and çatal on the street. Turkish Açma alabilir miyim? Can I have an açma? Açma istiyorum. I would like an açma. Açma var mı? Do you have an açma? See Çatal, Simit, Simit Sarayı

AD Language Name; noun. See İsim Turkish (Senin) adın ne? (Sizin) adınız ne? (formal & plural) What’s your name? (Benim) adım Ali. My name is Ali.

ADA Geography Island. See Ada Çayı, Adalar, Adalı, Ada Vapuru, Burgazada, Büyükada, Fayton, Galatasaray Adası, Heybeliada, Kınalıada, Marmara

ADA ÇAYI Beverage Sage tea. Turkish Ada çayı alabilir miyim? Can I have an ada çayı? Ada çayı istiyorum. I would like an ada çayı. Ada çayı var mı? Do you have any ada çayı? See Bitki, Çay, Ihlamur, Salep

ADALAR District The islands facing Küçükyalı and Maltepe in the south east part of Istanbul. The islands also known as Prens Adaları (Prince's Islands) are as follows: • Büyükada, 5.400 km² • Heybeliada 2.350 km² • Burgazada 1.500 km² • Kınalıada 1.356 km² • Tavşanadası 1.010 km²

• Sedefadası 0.157 km² • Yassıada 0.052 km² • Sivriada 0.045 km² • Kaşıkadası 0.008 km²

Büyükada is considered as the metropol of all the islands due to population, architecture and lifestyle. Because automobiles are forbidden on all the islands, people and goods move by horse-drawn wagons and by bicycles. As well as ferries from İstanbul, there are also motorboats from Bostancı going to the Islands. The Islands are a place where İstanbullu go to escape from the noise

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and stress of the city. On the Islands you can go to the seaside, have picnic and spend a nice time relaxing in a peaceful atmosphere out of the city. There are quite a few churches and monasteries because the Islands had a greater proportion of non-Muslim inhabitants during the Roman and Ottoman period. Did you know that The islands of İstanbul had many different names throughout history: Saint's Islands, Monk's Islands, Spirits' Islands, Genie's Islands, Red Islands, and finally Prince's Islands. The name Prince's Islands originated with the Byzantine custom of exiling nobles and even queens to these islands. There on these beautiful islands where today people come to relax and escape from the bustle of İstanbul, the exiled nobles lived lonely, isolated lives, and some were even tortured. Recommendation Going for a picnic on the Islands would be a very nice pastime out of İstanbul. The most popular picnic areas are on Büyükada and Heybeliada. To reach the picnic areas on both of these islands, you need to turn right and follow the shoreline when you get off the ferry. You can either bring your food and drinks with you, or you can shop at the çarşı near the ferry station. At the picnic areas you can buy a small mangal and charcoal for a very reasonable price. After your picnic, you can stroll around, rent a bike, or take a tour on a phaeton. İyi eğlenceler! See Ada Vapuru, Aya Yorgi, Burgazada, Büyükada, Fayton, Heybeliada, Kınalıada, Sait Faik Further information Adalar Belediyesi adalar.bel.tr

ADALI Figure İstanbullu from the islands.

ADAM Language Man. This word comes from Adam & Eve. See Bay, Bey, Beyefendi, Erkek, Kadın

ADANA KEBAP Food Spicy kebab. Adana, a city in the south of Turkey, is famous for its cuisine which uses plenty of hot spices and seasoning. For this reason, spicy kebab is called Adana Kebap. If you wish to try Adana kebab a bit spicy, then you can order it saying “az acılı” but you don’t like spicy kebab much, then you can order it saying “az acılı”.

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Turkish Adana kebap alabilir miyim? Can I have an Adana Kebab? Adana kebap istiyorum. I would like an Adana kebab. See Baharat, Urfa Kebap, Şalgam

ADA VAPURU Transportation Island ferry leaving from Bostancı and Kadıköy on the Asian side, from Kabataş and Sirkeci on the European side. The first island stop is Kınalıada, next Burgazada, Heybeliada and finally Büyükada. The island ferry is everything for Adalı. Especially when the Lodos wind blows from the southwest and the ferries are cancelled, the Islands cut off from the city. On weekends the trip to the Islands starts with the release of the ropes at İstanbul iskele, goes on with hundreds of other İstanbullu drinking glasses of tea, ends in one of the island piers with the twittering seagulls flock around the ferry all the way from İstanbul after a piece of simit. The island ferries from İstanbul are one of the places in the world where everyone is equal, just like Noah’s Ark. On the ferry's decks you can meet all kinds of people - from the Islands, the mainland, all over Turkey and the world, Muslims, non-Muslims, educated, uneducated, rich, poor, young, old… who get together to go to the Islands off the Bosphorus which doesn’t belong to any continent, neither Europe nor Asia. One of the most pleasant sides of a trip to the Islands is the return trip on the night ferry when you get to enjoy Istanbul's city lights over the water. See Adalar, Boğaz, Çımacı, Gayrimüslim, İskele, Lodos, Martı, Simit, Vapur Recommendation Remember to buy a few simit before you take a ferry to the islands. Further information İDO ido.com.tr

“AFFEDERSİN” Expression Excuse me; I am sorry. “Affedersiniz” is more formal. The French word “pardon” is also used commonly by İstanbullu. See Bakar mısın, Kusura bakma, Özür dilerim, Pardon

“AFİYET OLSUN” Expression Good appetite. It is said to those who eat or drink, or who is served, or when arriving or leaving the dinner table.

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AĞAÇ Nature Tree. See Bitki, Çiçek Typical types of trees akasya acacia çam pine çınar plane erguvan redbud ıhlamur linden kavak poplar kestane chestnut meşe oak sakız mastic sedir cedar servi cypress

AĞUSTOS Time August. See Ay, Zaman Turkish Ağustos böceği cicada

AĞVA Town A quiet, calm, charming town in Şile district in the North of İstanbul on the shores of the Black Sea. Ağva is one of the most popular spots in İstanbul that İstanbullu prefer to go for a weekend trip to relax, enjoy the beautiful nature, fresh air, and the sandy beaches of the Black Sea. The Black Sea shores of İstanbul have been rediscovered by İstanbullu in the past ten years and these isolated shores that people went to only for a day-trip at the weekends have become a tourist attraction with the new pensions, hotels and tours for local tourists. Şile and Ağva on the Asian side and Kilyos on the European side are among the ideal tourist destinations in İstanbul for sun, sea and beach. You can get to Ağva by the buses leaving from Üsküdar or Şile. Did you know that This town built on two brooks flowing into the sea got its name from the word "aqua"? See Kilyos, Plaj, Riva, Şile Further information Ağva Guide agvarehberi.com

AİDAT Money, Arabic Membership fee; fee paid for the expenses of a building, office, etc.

AİLE Language, Arabic Family. Family members amca uncle (father’s brother) anne mother anneane grandmother (mother’s mother) baba father babaanne grandmother (father’s mother) baldız (wife’s or husband’s sister) çocuk child kız girl, daughter oğul son dede grandfather dayı uncle (mother’s brother) erkek kardeş brother enişte brother-in-law/uncle-in-law hala aunt (father’s sister) kayın baba father-in-law kayın birader brother-in-law (wife’s or husband’s brother) kaynana mother-in-law kız kardeş sister kuzen cousin teyze aunt (mother’s sister) torun groundchild yeğen niece/nephew yenge siter-in-law/aunt-in-law

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AK Language White, leuco- It is usually used as a prefix (leuco) e.g. Akdeniz, Akpınar, Akbank, Akşehir. Beyaz is an Arabic word and it is used as an adjective meaning white e.g. beyaz bir ev, beyaz bir kedi, beyaz bir araba. See Beyaz, Kara, Renk

AKBİL Transportation A gadget used throughout İstanbul to pay for all kinds of transportation such as bus, ferry, sea bus, metro, train, tram and boat. In 1995 a pilot project was run on double-decker buses, and in time the akbil replaced paper tickets on public transport throughout İstanbul. Soon a card called "İstanbul Kart" will be introduced for public transport in İstanbul. See Deniz otobüsü, Metro, Motor, Otobüs, Tramvay, Tren, Vapur Further information İETT iett.gov.tr

AKİDE ŞEKERİ Sweet A kind of candy that is one of the oldest products of the Ottoman cuisine. In the dictionary "akide" means faith, devotion and rule. In the Ottoman period Akide şekeri was used at the Sultan's salary ceremony for the Janissaries. On the salary day, three-month wages were given to the Janissaries and in the palace yard, they were served rice and a kind of sweet made of gelatin. After the Grand Vizier and other statesmen also ate the meal, the sugar candies were presented to the Janissaries on plates. If they accepted the offered sweets, it was a sign that they were pleased. Later İstanbul confectioners began preparing sugar candy with spices like cloves and cinnamon, and thanks to famous confectioners like Hacı Bekir, sugar candy became quite popular. Even in our days, especially at bayram, it is a taste that little İstanbullu cannot forget. However, chocolate and other kinds of sweet have become more popular and they are taking the place of the sugar candy. See Hacı Bekir Efendi, Şeker, Tatlı

AKM Abbreviation Atatürk Kültür Merkezi, Atatürk Cultural Center located in Taksim Avenue.

AKP Abbreviation Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi, Justice and Development Party. See ANAP, BBP, CHP, DP, DSP, DTP, İP, MHP, ÖDP, SP, TKP Further information AKP akparti.org.tr

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AKREP Animal & Horoscope Scorpion; scorpio. See Burç

AKŞAM Time Evening; a newspaper. See Zaman Turkish akşamcı person who habitually spends his evenings drinking akşamüstü early evening iyi akşamlar Good evening (both arriving and leaving)

AKŞAMCI Language A person who habitually spends his evenings drinking.

AKŞAMDAN KALMA Language Hangover. İstanbullu have işkembe çorbası (tripe soup) or turşu suyu (pickle juice) for hangover. See Çakırkeyf, İçki, İşkembe çorbası, Körkütük, Sarhoş, Zom

AKŞAM YEMEĞİ Meal Dinner. See Kahvaltı, Öğle yemeği

AKTAR Shop, Arabic A shop that sells spices, herbs and perfumes. Also the shop owner or the person selling spices and herbs at the shop. Trade of spices and herbs that were brought from the Eastern countries through Baharat Yolu (Spice Road) carried on intensively in Mısır Çarşısı (Egyptian Market) during the Ottoman period. However, the market has lost its attraction gradually after the fall of the Ottoman Empire and aktar shops spread about all over the city, both traditional and modern way. Mısır Çarşısı located behind Yeni Camii and beside Çiçek Pazarı and built by Mimar Kazım Ağa in 1660 by the order of Turhan Sultan, is one of the oldest covered bazaars in İstanbul. Mısır Çarşısı, famous for aktar shops and the traditional products such as spices, rare herbs and roots, natural medicines, authentic parfumes, herbal cosmetic products, is also a modern market today where İstanbullu buy dried fruit, sweet, delicatessen products and so on. Outside Mısır Çarşısı, modern aktar shops all over the city mostly offers miscellaneous oils, pastes, herbal teas, dried fruit, alternate medicine products, organic food and cosmetic products such as natural creams, soap, shampoo, in addition to traditional products. Lokman Hekim Of all the healers throughout history, Lokman Hekim, or Lokman the doctor or healer, is probably the most famous

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aktar. In traditional folklore Lokman Hekim finds the potion for immortality but eventually loses it. There are many different versions of this tale. For example, in one tale he drops it while passing over a bridge. Another tale tells that he discovers it and writes the potion on a piece of paper, but then it rains and the note is effaced. The most famous tale is that God hears about Lokman and his discovery and sends the angel Gabriel to earth to destroy the potion. All these tales made Lokman Hekim the master of aktars and today many shops and sellers are named, Lokman, Lokman Hekim and so on.

“ALEYKÜM SELAM” Expression See Selamın Aleyküm

ALIŞVERİŞ Shopping Shopping, literally taking-giving. Shopping categories bilgisayar computer elektronik eşya electronical goods fotoğraf photograph kamera camera telefon telephone beyaz eşya white goods zücaciye glassware kitap book müzik aletleri musical instruments kırtasiye stationary ofis malzemeleri office goods takı accessory, jewellery mücevher jewellry saat watches hediye gift hobi hobby mobilya furniture mutfak kitchen giyim clothing iç giyim/iç çamaşırı underwear spor giyim sports wear sağlık ürünleri health products kişisel bakım personal care güvenlik security Turkish alışveriş merkezi shopping center/mall alışveriş yapmak to do shopping alışverişe çıkmak to go shopping See Alışveriş Merkezi, Çarşı, Para, Pazar, Pazarlık

ALIŞVERİŞ MERKEZİ Shopping Shopping mall. Asian side • Asyapark Alışveriş Merkezi Outlet, Ümraniye asyapark.com • Bauhaus, İçerenköy bauhaus.com.tr • Capitol, Üsküdar capitol.com.tr • Carrefour / İçerenköy, İçerenköy carrefour.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları / Capitol, carsi.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları / Carrefour, carsi.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları / Nautilus, Kadıköy carsi.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları / Şaşkınbakkal, Kadıköy carsi.com.tr • Gima gima.com.tr • Mr. Bricolage, Küçükyalı mrbricolage.com.tr

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• Praktiker, Kartal • Tepe Nautilus Alışveriş Merkezi, Kadıköy • YKM (Yeni Karamürsel) / Suadiye, Kadıköy ykm.com.tr European side • Mr. Bricolage, Bağcılar mrbricolage.com.tr • Polcenter, Levent polatholding.com.tr • Addresistanbul, Şişli addresistanbul.com • Akmerkez, Etiler akmerkez.com.tr

Alkent Alışveriş Merkezi, Etiler • Astoria Alışveriş ve Yaşam Merkezi, Gayrettepe astoria.com.tr • Atrium Alışveriş Merkezi, Ataköy atrium.com.tr • Carousel Alışveriş Merkezi, Bakırköy carousel.com.tr • Carrefour, Büyükçekmece • Carrefour, Ümraniye • Cevahir İstanbul Alışveriş Merkezi, Şişli sktm.com.tr • City’s Nişantaşı citysnisantasi.com • Çarşı Mağazaları, Bakırköy carsi.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları, Beylikdüzü, Büyükçekmece carsi.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları, Maslak carsi.com.tr • Çarşı Mağazaları / Profilo, Mecidiyeköy carsi.com.tr • Deposite Outlet Center, İkitelli deposite.com.tr • Doğuş OtoMotion, Maslak otomotion.com.tr • Doğuş Power Center, Maslak doguspowercenter.com.tr • Flyinn Alışveriş ve Yaşam Merkezi, Florya flyinn.com.tr • Galleria Alışveriş Merkezi, Ataköy galleria-atakoy.com.tr • Götzen, Merter • Hayatpark Alışveriş ve Yaşam Merkezi, Güneşli hayatpark.com.tr • İstanbul Outlet Park, Büyükçekmece istanbuloutletpark.com.tr • İstinye Park Alışveriş Merkezi, İstinye istinyepark.com.tr • Kanyon Ev Ofis ve Alışveriş Merkezi, Levent kanyon.com.tr • Kaya Millenium Alışveriş Merkezi, Büyükçekmece • Kule Çarşı, 4.Levent • Marka City Alışveriş Merkezi, Beylikdüzü markacity.com.tr • Mass Alışveriş Merkezi, Gaziosmanpaşa • Maxi City, İstinye maxi.com.tr • Maxi Shopping Center, Güngören maxi.com.tr • Maxi Shopping Center, Topkapı maxi.com.tr • Maxi Shopping City, Silivri maxi.com.tr

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• Mayadrom Alışveriş Merkezi, Etiler mayadrom.com.tr • Metro, Güneşli • Metro City, 4. Levent • Migros Beylikdüzü Alışveriş Merkezi, Beylikdüzü • Pabetland, Maslak • Prestige Mall Alışveriş Merkezi, Bahçeşehir prestigeavm.com • Profilo Alışveriş Merkezi, Mecidiyeköy profiloalisverismerkezi.com.tr • Sinanpaşa Alışveriş Merkezi, Beşiktaş • Sinasos Alışveriş ve Yaşam Merkezi, Kemerburgaz sinasos.net • Town Center, Bakırköy • Uptown Etiler Alışveriş Merkezi, Etiler • YKM (Yeni Karamürsel) Büyükçekmece ykm.com.tr • Zeytinburnu Olivium Outlet Center, Zeytinburnu olivium.com Recommendation Instead of going to big shopping malls, why not going to the small shops at çarşı in the town centers for not only shopping but also friendly service, a cup tea or coffee and a chat. Did you know that The first shopping center in Istanbul is Galleria in Bakırköy? Akmerkez in Etiler won an award for the best shopping center in Europe?

ALLAH Religion, Arabic God. Also Tanrı in Turkish (or Tengri as in Asian accents). Allah is used more by İstanbullu for everyday language as well as worshipping. See Tanrı Turkish Allah Allah! Goodness gracious! How strange! Allah’tan luckily, fortunatelyAllah bilir. God knows. Aman Allah’ım! Oh my God Hay Allah! Oops, gosh Allah kahretsin! God damn it! Allah göstermesin. God forbid! Allah razı olsun. May God grant your every wish. Allah belanı versin. God damn you. Allah akıl fikir versin. Where is your good sense? I am surprised at you. Allah rahmet eylesin. May God have mercy on him (said for a person who died) Allah bir yastıkta kocatsın. May you have a happy life together (said to a newly married couple)

ALMAK Language To take, have, receive, get, buy, grab… Almak is one of the most common and functional verbs in Turkish. Turkish … alabilir miyim? Can / Could I have …? … almak istiyorum. I want to have …

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ALMAN USULÜ Money Dutch treat, literally German style. When the time comes to pay for the bill, it is quite possible to hear dialogues like “Let me pay… No, I will pay!.. No, no, I will pay. I insist… Please don’t insist… But you paid last time… Me? No, you are wrong. Let me pay for God sake… Put your money back in your pocket. I am paying…” and the story goes on this way quite a long time until one of them gives up and finally the bill is paid with a condition “But I will pay next time, ok?” In short, Alman usulü isn’t very common for İstanbullu. See Bahşiş, Hesap, Para

ALTILI GANYAN Sports Horse racing betting. See At yarışı, Veliefendi, Yarış

ALTIN Material Gold, golden. See Gümüş, Kuyumcu, Takı

AMA Language, Arabic But, however. Also fakat (old). See Çünkü, Bu yüzden, Ve, Veya, Ya da

“AMAN” Expression, Arabic Oof! God! Lord! Lord, help us! (indicating disgust or anger); Please! For goodness sake; My! (indicating great approbation); Mercy. Aman, an Arabic word, thanks to the Ottomans, is used in our days in Greece and the Balkans. Turkish Aman Allah’ım/Aman Tanrım Oh my God

AMBULANS Transportation See Cankurtaran

AMCA Title Uncle, father’s brother; a form of address used for older men to show respect. Just like abi, abla, teyze, amca is an expression of respect you can hear on the streets, in shops and many other places that is said to older men: Buyurun Amca. Tamam Amca. Affedersin Amca. Bakar mısın Amca? Var Amca. Yok Amca. Tabi Amca… See Aile, Dayı

AMERİKAN SALATASI See Rus Salatası

AMİGO Sports, Spanish Cheerleader. See Çarşı (Grubu)

ANA Language Mother; main, essential. See Anadolu

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Turkish Anadolu Anatolia ana baba günü very crowded ana cadde main street anayasa constitution anaokulu nursery school ana yol main road ana menü main course denizanası jellyfish Meryem Ana Virgin Mary

ANADOLU Geography Anatolia, Asia Minor, Asian land of Turkey. Also Anatolian (Asian) side of İstanbul. Anatolia has always been a very strategic territory where Europe and Asia meet. It hosted many civilizations such as Sumerians, Hittites, Asurians, Likia, Lidia, Kilikia, Ionia, Celts, Persians, Macedonians, Phonecians, Romans, Arabs, Seljuk Turks and the Ottoman Turks. Today Anatolia is known as the land within the borders of Turkey, but in fact, due to geography and history, it is also possible to include the Balkans, Caucasia, Middle East and the north shore of the Mediterranean Sea. Anatolia has been influenced culturally by all these areas and has become an aşure pot where all these cultures are blended. Did you know that The word Anatolia comes from "land of the rising sun" or "east" in old Greek? In Turkish, it is believed to be formed from the words "ana" (mother) and "dolu" (full)? Some of the oldest settlements in the world were built in Anatolia in the Neolithic period? Anatolia is also the land where Christianity developed and subsequently spread to Europe? See Anadolu Yakası, Avrupa Yakası, Rumeli, Trakya

ANADOLUHİSARI Town The fortress and the town in Beykoz district on the Asian side. Anadoluhisarı facing Rumelihisarı on the European side is located between two bridges on the Bosphorus. Anadoluhisarı was built in 1390 by the Ottoman Sultan, Beyazıt I (Yıldırım Beyazıt) to support the siege of Constantinople. After the city was conquered in 1453 by Mehmet II (Fatih Sultan Mehmet) the fortress lost its importance as a military building and the area grew as a town centred around the fortress. There is a stream called the Göksu running through Anadoluhisarı and flowing into the Bosphorus. Even if it is not as beautiful today, it was once one of the meeting places for lovers who used to go on a boat trip and flirt. See Rumelihisarı Recommendation You can sit at one of the cafes around the Göksu

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for a nice glass of tea and a chat with a friend or an İstanbullu. You can also go to one of the local restaurants around Göksu and enjoy a meal of rakı-balık, a traditional Bosphorus pleasure. Further information ahisar.com

ANADOLUKAVAĞI Town A fishing town in the very north of the Bosphorus on the Asian side facing Rumelikavağı on the European side. Anadolukavağı is a nice, quiet fishing village out of the city where İstanbullu go by ferry to have a nice time by the Bosphorus, eat fish at the restaurants by the sea and enjoy the view of the Bosphorus from Yoros Kalesi. Yoros Kalesi The only tourist attraction of the the town, Yoros Kalesi is a Genoese fortress that was built on a very strategic point overlooking both the Bosphorus and the Black Sea. It is one of the most ideal places to enjoy the view over the city. See Rumelikavağı Recommendation You can take a ferry from Eminönü, go along the Bosphorus, have a rakı-balık meal and enjoy the view of the Bosphorus from Yoros Kalesi.

ANADOLU ROCK Music A fusion of Turkish folk and rock music. It emerged during the mid 1960s, soon after rock groups such as the Beatles, Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, Yes, Status Quo, and Omega became popular in Turkey and is characterized through the work of Turkish musicians like Murat Ses, Cem Karaca, Barış Manço, Erkin Koray alongside bands such as Moğollar, Kurtalan Ekspres, Mavi Işıklar, Apaşlar and Kardaşlar. Today Anatolian Rock is a general term used to describe music derived from both traditional Turkish folk music and Rock. Further information anatolianrock.com

ANADOLU YAKASI Geography The Asian side of İstanbul. They say, as a joke, that the Asian side of Istanbul is the dormitory of the city because İstanbullu work on the European side due to density of business and commute back to Asian side every day. It is also believed that there is a difference in life style between both sides. Even if there aren't any distinct differences in lifestyle, because of geography, history, density and business, people living on each side of the city feel like strangers on the other side, and long to get back

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home to their side. See Anadolu, Avrupa Yakası, Karşı, Yaka Districts Adalar, Ataşehir, Beykoz, Çekmeköy, Kadıköy, Kartal, Maltepe, Pendik, Sancaktepe, Sultanbeyli, Şile, Tuzla, Ümraniye, Üsküdar Further information anadoluyakasi.com.tr

ANAP Abbreviation Anavatan Partisi, Homeland Party. See AKP, CHP, DP, DSP, DTP, İP, MHP, ÖDP, SP, TKP Further information ANAP anavatan.org.tr

ANAŞABUR Dessert, Armenian A kind of Armenian aşure served on New Year’s Day. See Aşure, Yılbaşı

ANGUT Language Fool, idiot, dumb, dummy. See Aptal, Dangalak, Dallama, Geri zekalı, Salak

ANNELER GÜNÜ Occasion Mother’s Day. It is celebrated on the second Sunday of May. See Babalar Günü, Hediye

ANTİGON Island, Greek Old name of Burgazada. See Burgazada, Halki, Prinkopo, Proti

ANUŞABUR Dessert, Armenian A kind of aşure, mixed pudding that Armenians cook for the Cristmas Day. See Yılbaşı

APS Abbreviation Acele Posta Sevisi, priority mail service, EMS. Further information PTT ptt.gov.tr

APT. Abbreviation Apartman, building, block. See Bina, Daire

APTAL Language, Arabic Stupid, fool. Turkish Aptala malum olur. A fool foresees by intuition. See Angut, Dallama, Dangalak, Geri zekalı, Salak

ARABA Transportation Car, carriage. Did you know that There are 3 million cars in the traffic every day? See Ehliyet, Otomobil, Otopark, Sürücü, Şoför, Trafik

ARABA VAPURU Transportation A ferry with ramps which can

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be lowered and lifted at both ends to carry vehicles. There are 18 different types of ferries running between Sirkeci on the European side and Harem on the the Asian side. Did you know that The first Araba vapuru in the world was put into service in 1871 by Hüseyin Haki Efendi, the manager of the ferry company, Şirket-i Hayriye? Further information İDO ido.com.tr

ARABESK Music, French A kind of contemporary Turkish music containing elements derived from Arabian music. Arabesk was very popular in Turkey in the 80's. As a type of music, it is the name given to songs that are extremely emotional, even painful, which most often express unsuccessful or impossible love affairs. Arabesk is also used to describe the subculture that comes with this type of music. The social and political situation in Turkey in the 70's and 80's led Arabesk to spread widely throughout Turkey, and in fact singers who usually sang different styles of music also wrote and performed Arabesk songs in this era. Even though Arabesk as a music and subculture began to lose popularity with the changes and developments of the 90's, there are still musicians singing Arabesk songs. The most famous Arabesk musicians are Hakkı Bulut, İbrahim Tatlises, Orhan Gencebay, Ferdi Tayfur and Müslüm Gürses. Did you know that Müslüm Gürses' fans in particular are famous for being so transported by emotion that they cut themselves with razors during his concerts? Further information Orhan Gencebay orhangencebay.com.tr Hakkı Bulut hakkibulut.net İbrahim Tatlıses tatlises.com.tr Ferdi Tayfur (fan site) ferdibaba.com Müslüm Gürses (fan site) muslumcuyuz.com

ARALIK Time December. See Ay, Zaman

ARA GÜLER Figure A world-wide famous photographer of İstanbul. Ara Güler, known as one of the masters of photography in Turkey and the world, was born on August 16, 1928 in İstanbul. When he was at high school he started off taking drama lessons because he wanted to be a playwriter. He started his photography career at the Yeni Istanbul newspaper. He also worked for Time-

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Life, Paris-Match and Der Stern as Middle East correspondant. In the course of his career he won many national and international prizes, wrote books, published photo albums and held exhibitions. Most importantly, he did photo interviews with many famous people: Ismet Inonu, Winston Churchill, Indira Ghandi, John Berger, Bertrand Russell, Bill Brandt, Alfred Hitchcock, Ansel Adams, Imogen Cunningham, Salvador Dali, Maria Callas, Fikret Mualla and even Picasso, who always refused to be photographed. Because of his distinctive documentary style, Ara Güler holds a distinguished place in the history of photography. Despite his age, he continues his adventures in photography by continuing to show life through his pictures. Marc Ribound says Ara Güler is a photographer. Moreover, he is a God damn good photographer. He tells the story of his town and country better with his photos than he could tell in words… Awards Master of Leica, Légion d’honneur, Grand Prize of Culture and Arts Did you know that Ara Güler is known as one of the best 7 photographers in the world? Further information araguler.com - fotograf.net/araguler/

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