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ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2017; 3(1): 797-810 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 15-11-2016 Accepted: 18-12-2016 Devanshi Dixit Research Scholare, Department of Commerce, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India Correspondence Devanshi Dixit Research Scholare, Department of Commerce, Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India

Analysis of corporate social responsibility practise of

Indian railways- A case study

Devanshi Dixit Abstract This paper studies Corporate Social Responsibility of Indian Railways under the title “Analysis of corporate social responsibility practise of the Indian railways-a case study” in which it is tried to find out the Actual and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility practises of Indian Railways towards their Employees and Passengers with some suggestions and recommendations are covered in this study. The various statistical tools like T-Test, Weighted Average Mean, Bar Diagrams, Pie Charts have been used for the purpose of analysis. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Indian Railways Introduction Corporate social responsibility: Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) also called Corporate Responsibility, Corporate Citizenship, Responsible Business, Social Performance, Corporate Conscience and Corporate. The adherence to CSR has not only knocked the doors of corporate houses of developed countries but of the developing country like India too! Due to the growing awareness among the society regarding the lawful rights of masses, the corporate world-wide are bound to do something concrete and result-oriented regarding CSR obligations. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is viewed as a comprehensive set of policies, practices and Programs that are integrated into business operations, supply chains, and decision-making processes throughout the organization -- wherever the organization does business --and includes responsibility for current and past actions as well as future impacts Indian railways: Indian Railways (reporting mark IR) is a state-owned railway company, responsible for rail transport in India. It is owned and operated by the Government of India through the Ministry of Railways. It is one of the world's largest railway networks comprising 115,000 km (71,000 mi) of track over a route of 67,312 km (41,826 mi) and 7,112 stations. In 2015-16, IR carried 8.101 billion passengers annually or more than 22 million passengers a day and 1.107 billion tons of freight in the year. In 2014–2015 Indian Railways had revenues of � 1.709 trillion (US$25 billion) which consists of � 1.118 trillion (US$17 billion) from freight and � 451.26 billion (US$6.7 billion) from passengers tickets. Railways were first introduced to India in the year 1853 from Mumbai to Thane. Railways is the world's seventh largest commercial or utility employer, by number of employees, with over 1.376 million employees as of last published figures in 2013. Populism rather than business objectives continue to guide and determine the key investment decisions and new services of Indian Railway. Corporate social responsibility in Indian railway. 1. Housing amenities: Housing is one of the serious issues responsible for dissatisfaction and poor industrial relation of all the requirements of the workers; cheap housing accommodation is of great significance. The Railway employees have to live either at wayside station with poor amenities or at big station where the pressure of population creates shortage of housing accommodation except at abnormal rents, with the result employees often do not get suitable accommodation unless provided by the administration.

International Journal of Applied Research 2017; 3(1): 797-810

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International Journal of Applied Research

2. Medical and health services: Today various medical services like Hospital, Clinic, and Dispensary facilities are provided by organization not only to employees but also their family members. The question of adequacy of medical and sanitary arrangements in Railways has drawn attention of the Railways Board since 1924.xiv The Railway Accident 3. Welfare benefits-Staff Benefit Fund: Another significant welfare scheme developed in Indian Railways has been the Staff Benefit Fund. The Staff Benefit Fund was established on Indian Railways in the year 1931. Ministry of Railways have decided to modify the distribution of modify per capita annual contribution of Rs.35/- to 315/- under Staff Benefit Fund sanctioned vide Board’s letter under Staff Benefit Fund is an important channel for providing additional facilities to railway employees and their families in the spheres of education, recreation, Medicare, sports, scouting and cultural activities. 4. Canteen facilities: Perhaps no employees’ benefit has received as much attention in recent years as that of canteen. Canteen is a small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment or place of work. 5. Educational facilities-Railways Schools: Railways administration provides the facilities of primary, middle, and high schools and colleges in those Railways colonies where such facilities of requisite standards are not available in or near them and the State Government or educational organization are not willing to provide them. 6. Recreational activities: Indian Railways attaches due importance to recreation for its employees and provides excellent facilities through Institutes & Clubs for sports, libraries, etc. And Holiday Homes to enable the employees and their families to enjoy holidays at nominal expenses. 7. Retirement benefits in indian railways-a) Provident Fund: Every Railways employee on completion of one year’s services is entitled to join, the provident fund, initially the Railway administrations’ contribution and interest thereon was extended only to permanent employees, The Provident Act, 1925, governs provident Fund and it means that a fund in which the subscriptions of the employees are deposited against their accounts including interest accruing thereon. b) Pension: Railways employees represented that the pension scheme provides more security then the provident fund Need of the study With an extensive network spread across the country, Indian Railways plays a key role in the social and economic development of India. In this context of Indian Railways, action choices emanating from changes in such factors as ownership and structure have the risk of antagonizing the three important stake holders - the government, the railway personnel and even the customers – who would like to see the Indian Railways more as a not-for-profit organization. But still it provide fruitful support through corporate social responsibility to the India for the welfare of the society. This study is mainly being conducted to know what kind of CSR Practices adopted by the Indian Railway. This study will

help in building up a better image of real life line of India called Indian Railway. Objectives of the study To Study and analyze the basic concept and rules of

Corporate Social Responsibility practice in India. To Survey the Corporate Social Responsibility

activities of Indian Railway in Selected Railway Division.

To Find and analyze the Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure practises of Indian Railway.

To suggest the best practise of Corporate Social Responsibility to the Indian Railways

Research methodology Selection of sample: indian railways Source of data- a) Primary source- The Primary data has been collected

through Personal interview and Schedules. b) Secondary Source – The Secondary data has been

collected from Annual reports of Indian Railway, authentic websites, previous research findings, articles, and journals.

Sample size: The sample 60 size of Respondents in Case Of Passengers and 40 size of Respondents in Case of Employees Analytical tool: Quantitative- t-Test, Weighted Average Mean. Presentation tool: Bar diagram, Tables, Graph. Duration of the study: Study has been conducted for last Two years data taken from the annual report of Indian Railways (2013-2014 and 2014-2015). For the study under Indian Railway, CSR Disclosure practise- Annual Report and for Actual Performance in CSR –Survey has been taken. Hypothesis of the study-hypothesis 1: Null Hypothesis H0=There is no significant difference between Actual Corporate Social Responsibility Practise and Disclosure Practise and Alternate Hypothesis H1=There is a significant difference between Actual Corporate Social Responsibility Practise and Disclosure Practise. Hypothesis 2: Null Hypothesis H0=There is no healthy Corporate Social Responsibility practise in India and Alternate Hypothesis H1=There is a healthy Corporate Social Responsibility practise in India Telechart

S. No.

Parameters Has Been Considered In The Study For Csr In Indian Railways

1 Housing Amenities 2 Medical And Health Service 3 Welfare Benefits 4 Canteen Facilities 5 Educational Facilities 6 Safety Measures 7 Retirement Benefits 8 Passenger Amenities 9 Services On Railway Stations

10 Environment Protection And Preservation

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Review of literature

S.no. Author Year Topic Research objective Findings

1 Satinder Singh

Ashwarya Sharma

2015

Corporate Social Responsibility

Practices In India: Analysis Of Public

Companies

1. To study the regulatory environment for the CSR in

India.

This paper explains the corporate social responsibility practices framework for

companies and analyses the public companies CSR practices.

2 Mr. Neelmani Jaysawal Mrs.

Sudeshna SahaῘ 2015

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) In India: A Review

1. To explain various initiatives taken in the field of CSR by the

different companies of India.

. In doing so, it discusses the growth and the key challenges faced while trying to

deliver the activities of CSR.

3 Rupesh G. Sawant 2015

A Study Of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives In

India

a) To study the basic concept of CSR.

b) To understand the scope of CSR under the Companies Act,

2013.

The study gave a major focus on issues like Health, Education, Environment, Women

Empowerment and Community Development. Required data has been

collected from the official websites of the companies and other reliable sources like

news papers, magazines etc.

4 Puneeta Goel and Dr.R.S.

Ramesh 2014

Linking Corporate Social Responsibility

Reporting With Corporate

Performance: Evidence From Selected

Companies In India

To understand the extent of CSR being followed and reported by the selected

companies on the defined parameters.

This study implies that Indian companies need to adopt a comprehensive strategy to follow CSR policy implications and take financial benefit of social performance in

the long run.

5 Paramasivan. C Savarimuthu. S 2014

Corporate Social Responsibility Of

Public Sector Undertakings: A Case

Of BHEL, Tiruchirappalli

The primary objective is to study the Corporate Social responsibility programmes

implemented by public sector limited (BHEL).

There are a number of public sectors limited companies know the importance of

CSR scheme in business. BHEL has contributed a lot towards CSR. In this

paper, study highlights the various initiatives taken up by BHEL towards CSR.

6 Rupal Tyagi1 2013

Corporate Social Performance And

Corporate Financial Performance: A Link For The Indian Firms

It addresses the issue of the relationship in the midst of

Corporate Financial Performance (CFP) and

Corporate Social performance (CSP) or Corporate Social

Responsibility (CSR) in Indian connection under good

management theory

The present study addresses the issue of the relationship in the midst of Corporate

Financial Performance (CFP) and Corporate Social performance (CSP) or

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in Indian connection under good management theory. The study utilized S&P ESG India

Index as a substitute of CSP/ CSR of Indian firms for the first time over the 2005–2011

periods.

7 Prof. H.R.Uma, Shruthi B.R. 2013

An Analysis Of Indian Railways Contribution Towards Employment

Generation

1. To examine the contribution of Indian

railways towards employment generation.

This study gives a comparative analysis of employment generation by different sectors

of the economy and highlights the importance of Indian railways among all

other employers.

8 Gahlot Sushmita 2013 Corporate Social

Responsibility: Current Scenario

To throws light on the guiding principles laid down by the

Draft Corporate Social Responsibility

Rules (prepared by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs)

and analyses the industry’s reaction to the mandate.

This paper traces the evolution of CSR in India. Apart from gauging the changes in the CSR scenario after the introduction of

the Companies Act 2013, it throws light on the guiding principles laid down by the

Draft Corporate Social Responsibility Rules (prepared by the Ministry of Corporate

Affairs) and analyses the industry’s reaction to the mandate.

9 Dr. Amandeep Batra 2013

Sustainability Of Corporate Social Responsibility In

India (A Study Of Itc’s Initiative ‘E-Choupal’)

1. To know the progress pattern of CSR practices

in India.

This study has observed that these kinds of CSR initiatives may become the role-model

in the achievement of CSR objectives world-wide.

10 Vikramjit Kaur, 2012

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Overview Of Indian

Corporates

1. To know how CSR in corporate follows.

society

An exploratory research design was chosen in order to develop a profound

understanding of the research topic and to obtain in-depth data about the research

objectives.

Analysis and interpretation-hypothesis 1: Null Hypothesis H0=There is no significant difference between Actual Corporate Social Responsibility Practise and

Disclosure Practise and Alternate Hypothesis H1=There is a significant difference between Actual Corporate Social Responsibility Practise and Disclosure Practise.

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Sample of the study – employees: 40 Respondents has been used in the study, under Personal interview and

Schedule taken on Northern Central Railway Station in Agra

S. N o.

Parameters Highly

Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Neutral Satisfied Highly

Satisfied

Actual Weighted Average

Mean

Disclosure Weighted Average

Mean Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq %

27.22 51.44 1 Housing Amenities 3 7.4% 5 13.4% 4 11.6 % 15 37.2% 13 30.4%

2 Medical Aid 3 6.8% 4 10.4% 5 12.8 % 18 45.4% 10 24.6% 29.73 49.99

3 Welfare Benefits 3 9.4% 7 17.2% 6 14% 13 31.6% 11 27.8% 23.73 50.86

4 Canteen Facilities 4 10.4% 5 13.8% 3 8.4% 17 41.8% 11 25.6% 27.94 50.03

5 Educational Facilities 4 8.2% 8 20.8% 4 9% 15 39.8% 9 22.2% 25.8 50.18

6 Retirement Benefits 3 9.4% 5 10.4% 8 19.6 % 14 35.2% 10 25.4% 24.59 50.87

7 Environment Protection 3 8.6% 7 15.6% 4 10.4 % 16 39.8% 10 25.6% 26.73 50.19

1) Age

Age No. Of Respondents Percentage Below 35 years 12 25%

35-45 years 14 35% Above 46 years 16 40%

Total 40 100%

Interpretation: The above table indicates that out of the total number of respondents, 25% of the respondents were below 35 years of age, 35% of the respondents were between 35 years and 45 years and 40%of the respondents were above 46 years of age 2) Gender

Gender No. Of Respondents Percentage Male 34 85%

Female 6 15% Total 40 100%

Interpretation: The above table indicates that out of the total respondents, 85% of the respondents were Male and 15% were Female 3) Designation

Designation No. Of Respondents Percentage Official 7 17.5%

Technical 9 22.5% Clerk 24 60% Total 40 100%

Interpretation: The above table indicates 17.5% are Offecials, 22.5% are Technical and 60% are Clerical in the 40 Respondents. 1) Housing facilities On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility-

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Interpretation: This above graph reveals that employee with high rate 29% are satisfied and low rate is 6% who are highly dissatisfied. On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility

X W Weighted Average Mean 1078 41.48 51.44 1518 58.51

Railways staff quater electrified

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways

Interpretation: The housing amenities as compare to 2013-14 it increases by 41.07% in 2014-15 for the Railways staff as electrified quarter. The Weighted Average Mean is 51.44 Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibilty 51.44 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibilty 27.22 as a weighted Average Mean. 2) Medical and health facilities On Actual corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: This graph shows the high rate of satisfied at 35% in medical and health by the employees. On Disclosure corporate social responsibility

X W Weighted Average Mean 23129.261 50.37 49.99 22788779 49.62

Number of patients treated in opd.


Interpretation: The Number of patients treated in OPD is decreased by 1.49% in 2014-15 as compare to previous year Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 51.44 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 27.22 as a weighted Average Mean. 3) Welfare benefits On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

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Interpretation: There is a high rate percentage is 26% satisfied by employees on welfare Benefits and low rate is 8% highly dissatisfied On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility- STAFF welfare and amnesties

X W Weighted Average Mean 4501.56 47.40 50.13 4994.51 52.6


Interpretation: The Staff welfare and Amenities is increased by 10.95% in 2014-15 as compare to previous year which shows the employees welfare.


Pension adalats

Interpretation: The Pension Adalat Cases are decreased by 43.65% in 2014-15 as compare to previous year which is a positive sight of Indian Railway for being kind in their Pension fund. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 23.73 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 50.86 as a weighted Average Mean. 4) Canteen facilities On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: The canteen facilities is high under satisfied with 33% by the employees and weighted average mean 22%. On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility


Departmental and licensee catering

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The catering facilities by Indian Railways has increased in both Departmental Catering by 5.55% in 2014-15 and in Licensee Catering by 159.53% in 2014-15 as compare to previous year Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

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Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 23.94 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 50.03 as a weighted Average Mean. 4) Educational facilities On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: The Educational facilities is satisfied by the employees at 32% and weighted average mean is 20%. On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility: Indian railways school



Interpretation: The Railways Schools is decreased by 11.25% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14. Railway ward and non-railway ward in the railway schools



Interpretation: The students in the Railways School is decreased by 13.07% under Railways Ward and decreased by 1.53% under Non-Railways Ward as compare to 2013-14. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 25.8 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 50.18 as a weighted Average Mean. 6) Retirement benefits On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: The high percentage is 28 satisfied by the employees on Retirment Benefits.The weighted average mean is 20%.


On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility: provident fund, pension and other retirement benefits


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Interpretation: The Indian Railways has increased the provident fund, pension and other Retirement Benefits by 30.50% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 24.59 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 50.87 as a weighted Average Mean 7) Environment protection and preservation On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: The high percentage is 32 satisfied for environment preservation and protection. The Weighted average mean is 21%

X W Weighted Average Mean 69.13 53.12 50.19 61 46.87

On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility: afforestation sapling planted on railway land


Interpretation: The Afforestation of sapling planted on Railways land has increased by 13.32% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14, going for environment protection. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 24.59 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 50.87 as a weighted Average Mean. Sample of the study – passengers: 60 Respondents has been used in the study, under Personal interview and Schedule taken on Northern Central Railway Station in Agra

S. N o.

Parameters Highly

Dissatisfied Dissatisfied Neutral Satisfied Highly

Satisfied


Mean


Mean Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq % Freq %

48.71 50.16 1 Canteen Facilities 1 5.4% 7 10.3% 5 7.6% 25 41.2% 22 36.5%

2 Environment Protection 8 14.2% 10 16.2% 9 15.2% 20 33% 13 21.4% 26.73 50.19

3 Medical Aid 9 14.4% 8 13.2% 8 14.6% 20 33% 15 24.8% 34.6 50.03

4 Passengers Amenities 18 29.6% 15 26.4% 10 16.6% 11 18% 6 9.4% 33.73 50.43

5 Safety Measures 7 12% 9 14% 11 19.2% 17 28.2% 16 26.6% 33.15 50.09

6 Services On Railways 10 15.8% 8 14.8% 6 12.8% 22 33.2% 14 23.4% 35.28 51.07

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1) AGE

Age No. Of Respondents Percentage 18-30 years 26 43.33% 31-50 years 19 31.66%

Above 21 years 15 25% Total 60 100%

Interpretation: The above table indicates that out of the total number of respondents, 25% of the respondents were below 35 years of age, 35% of the respondents were between 35 years and 45 years and 40%of the respondents were above 46 years of age 2) Gender

Gender No.of Respondents Percentage Male 42 70%

Female 18 30% Toata; 60 100%

Interpretation: The above table indicates that out of the total respondents, 70% of the respondents were Male and 30% were Female 1) Medical and health facilities On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: This graph shows the high rate of satisfied at 24% in medical and health by the employees.


On Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility


Interpretation: The medical Aid taken by passengers decreases by 5.93% in 2014-15 in Railway Sector. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is far difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 50.03 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 34.6 as a weighted Average. 1) Canteen facilities On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

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Interpretation: There is high rate percentage is 27% satisfied in canteen facilities by passengers and low rate 4% highly dissatisfied.


On disclosure corporate social responsibility Rail neer

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The Indian Railway provide water facility as Rail Neer which increased its income by 12.36% in 2013-14 as compare to previous year. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is lest difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 50.16 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 48.71 as a weighted Average. 2) Safety measures On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: There is high rate of percentage in safety measure is 21% and least rate of percentage is 9% highly dissatisfied.

On disclosure corporate social responsibility Periodic safety audits internal and external

X1 W1 X2 W2 Weighted

Average Mean of X1

Weighted Average Mean

of X2 81 51.92 31 53.44 50.06 50.23 75 48.08 27 46.55

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The Periodic Safety Audit Is done internally as well as externally. In 2014-15 the periodic Safety Audit internal is decreased by 8% and Periodic Safety Audit External is increased by 14.81% as compare to 2013-14.


Consequential train accidents

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The Consequential Train Accidents is decreased by 11.96% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14 this shows the safety measures that Indian Railways took for the passengers.


Saftey category employee training

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Interpretation: Indian Railways has reduced safety category employee training to the refreshers in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: There is a difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 50.09 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 33.15 as a weighted Average. 3) Passengers amneties-On Actual Corporate Social

Responsibility

Interpretation: There is a highly dissatisfied at 22% on passengers amnesties by the passengers. On disclosure corporate social responsibility: battery cars operated


Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The Battery Cars operated on the Railway Station for the Disability and Old persons that has increased by 20.58% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14. Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is a difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 50.43 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 33.37 as a weighted Average. 5) Services by Indian railways On Actual Corporate Social Responsibility

Interpretation: There is 26% passengers satisfied by services in Indian Railways and 13% at lowest rate are highly dissatisfied. On disclosure corporate social responsibility: e-tickets booking


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Interpretation: The Indian Railways has provided E-Ticketing Service so the e-tickets booking is increased by 15.84% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14.


Travel and tourism income

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The Indian Railways provided travel and tourism service whose income increased by 11.79% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14.


Maharaja express passengers

Source-Annual Account Report of Indian Railways Interpretation: The Indian Railways contributing the luxury Service to the passengers that has increased by 62.13% in 2014-15 as compare to 2013-14.

Analysis between actual and disclosure corporate social responsibility

Interpretation: There is a difference between the actual Corporate Social Responsibility 51.07 and Disclosure Corporate Social Responsibility 35.28 as a weighted Average. Final analysis of hypothesis 1-study of employees- 40 respondents

S. No. Parameters


Mean


Mean

1 Housing Amenities 27.22 51.44

2 Medical Aid 29.73 49.99 3 Welfare Benefits 23.73 50.86

4 Canteen Facilities 27.94 50.03

5 Educational Facilities 25.8 50.18

6 Retirement Benefits 24.59 50.87

7 Environment Protection 26.73 50.19

Interpretation: This graph shows that the weighted average mean disclosure practise is more as compare to weighted average mean actual practise in all the segments by Indian Railways. Study of passengers- 60 respondents

S.No. Parameters Actual Weighted Average Mean Disclosure Weighted Average Mean

1 Canteen Facilities 48.71 50.16 2 Environment Protection 26.73 50.19 3 Medical Aid 34.6 50.03 4 Passengers Amenities 33.73 50.43 5 Safety Measures 33.15 50.09 6 Services On Railways 35.28 51.07

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Interpretation: The study of the graph reveals that in all segments the weighted average mean of disclosure practise is more as compare to weighted average mean of actual practise in all the segment by Indian Railways.

Hypothesis 2: Null Hypothesis H0=There is no healthy Corporate Social Responsibility practise in India and Alternate Hypothesis H1=There is a healthy Corporate Social Responsibility practise in India

S. No. Parameters has been considered in the study for csr in Indian railways Actual Practise Disclosure

Practise 1 Housing Amenities 0 1 2 Medical And Health Service 0 1 3 Welfare Benefits 0 1 4 Canteen Facilities 1 0 5 Educational Facilities 1 0 6 Safety Measures 1 0 7 Retirement Benefits 0 1 8 Passenger Amenities 1 0 9 Services On Railway Stations 0 1

10 Environment Protection And Preservation 0 1 TOTAL 4 6

On these Series T-Test is used to analyze the result are

Column1 Column2 Column3 t-Test: Two-Sample Assuming Unequal Variances

Disclosure Actual Mean 0.6 0.4

Variance 0.266666667 0.266666667 Observations 10 10

Hypothesized Mean Difference 0 df 18

t Stat 0.866025404 P(T

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Railways station should be provide to all the stations. Passengers Amenities should be available much more on the Railways Stations for the Physical Handicapped people and old people. Clean and hygiene environment should be there even in Train coaches. Conclusion The purpose of this study is well achieved. The Analysis Reveals the lacking phases of the Indian Railways, a super ‘ Navaratna’ under Corporate Social Responsibility. Their Disclosure practices are much more than their Actual practices that are followed towards the Employees and Passengers. The Indian Railways (IR) is a truly great institution called a “Life line of the Nation”. It is a global giant that operates profitably, effectively and with relatively little government support. But it needs more Efficiency in their work with much more initiatives for the Employees as well as for the Passengers welfare. So that it can contribute more and more in the favor of the citizens of India. References 1. Corporate social responsibility practices in India:

Analysis of Public companies, Satinder Singh Ashwarya sharma, ISSN: 2349-5677, 2015; 1:11.

2. A Study of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Initiatives in India, Rupesh G. Sawant"ASM’s International E-Journal on Ongoing Research in Management and IT" E-ISSN-2320-0065 INCON-X, 2015.

3. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India: A Review, Mr. Neelmani Jaysawal†and Mrs. Sudeshna SahaῘ, 2015; 3(2). ISSN 2052-8396.

4. Corporate Social Responsibility of Public Sector Undertakings: A Case of BHEL, Tiruchirappalli, Paramasivan. C and Savarimuthu. S, IRJBM– (www.irjbm.org ) 2014; VII:12.

5. Corporate Social Responsibility in India Afra Afsharipour and Shruti Rana http://www.law.ucdavis.edu UC Davis Legal Studies Research Paper Research Paper No. 399 October, 2014.

6. Linking Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting with Corporate Performance: Evidence from Selected Companies in India, Puneeta Goel, Dr R S Ramesh, www.ssrn.com

7. Corporate Social Performance and Corporate Financial Performance: A Link for the Indian Firms, Rupal Tyagi1, Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting ISSN 1978-0591 (Paper) 2013; 7:1. www.isea.icseard.uns.ac.id

8. An Analysis Of Indian Railways Contribution Towards Employment Generation Prof. H.R.Uma and Shruthi B.R, International Journal of Advanced Research in Management and Social Sciences ISSN: 2278-6236. 2014; 3:3. www.garph.co.uk IJARMSS

9. Corporate Social Responsibility: Current Scenario, Gahlot Sushmita, Available online at: www.isca.in, www.isca.me,Received 27th October 2012, revised 1st November 2013, accepted 2nd December 2013 Research Journal of Management Sciences ISSN 2319–1171. 2013; 2(12):12-14. Res. J. Management Sci. International Science Congress Association

10. Sustainability of Corporate Social Responsibility in India (A Study of Itc’s Initiative ‘E-Choupal’) Dr. Amandeep Batra, SAJMR Spectrum: A Journal of

Multidisciplinary Research. 2013; 2(1). ISSN 2278‐0637 Pinnacle Research Journals 26 http://www.pinnaclejournals.com

11. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Overview of Indian Corporates, Vikramjit kaur. International Journal of Management and Social Sciences Research (IJMSSR) ISSN: 2319-4421, 2012; 1(3). i-Xplore International Research Journal Consortium www.irjcjournals.org 48

12. IRCTC CSR and SD Policy Report from website Ministry of Indian Railway.

13. Annual accounts and report of indian railways 2013-14 2014-15

14. Website-www.indianrail.gov.in

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