ISP 203A section 740Global Change

Dr. Julie Libarkin, Nicole LaDue: IN-CLASS

Meet Dr. Duncan Sibley ONLINE

• SYLLABUS is posted on ANGEL – READ IT!

• HYBRID! Lectures are ONLINE. Activities for one hour in

each week IN CLASS.

• Credit for completing activities

• Homework: TWO types on ANGEL

• ONLINE LECTURE: Due weekly BEFORE each class

meeting.

• IN-CLASS: Due weekly three days after class - FRIDAYS.

• Exams: Two in-class exams and a final.

ISP 203A section 740Global Change

Getting Organized

• First, we would like you to complete a questionnaire.

• So…find someone with a FOLDER. Get into groups of

FOUR.

• Write your name on the inside cover of the folder

• Write your Student ID if you have it (bring it next time)

• MEMORIZE THE FOLDER NUMBER!

• Begin the “Analogy Assessment” when we tell you to start!

OBJECTIVES OF TODAY’S ACTIVITY

TOPIC: Introductory Activity

After today’s activity, you will be able to:

• Define analogy

• Interpret basic analogies to identify the common roles of

related objects

• Provide an example of an inferences based on an analogy

CASUAL PRINCIPLES

1. Gravitational energy, thermal energy and/or chemical energy drive all

movement and change of matter on Earth.

2. A system is in equilibrium when energy in the system is balanced.

3. Matter moves and changes to return a system to equilibrium.

4. Energy is needed to break bonds and is released when bonds form.

5. Temperature is a measure of the movement of molecules. Higher

temperature means molecules are moving faster.

6. When molecules move faster, the density of most substances decreases.

Water is an anomaly because liquid water is more dense than ice.

7. Buoyancy causes materials to rise or fall due to the relative density of

materials.

8. Feedback Loops can accelerate, decelerate, or dampen change.

Analogies

Have you seen a question like this before?

CRUMB : BREAD

a. ounce : unit

b. splinter : wood

c. water : bucket

d. twine : rope

e. cream : butter

Analogies

An analogy is when you can line up two examples so that the

same relations apply in each. An analogy lets you transfer

information from one subject to another subject.

Example:

Bodyguard : Celebrity :: Force-field : Spaceship

In this case, the bodyguard protects the celebrity in the same way that a force-field protects a spaceship.

Visual Analogies

Analogies can be visual, too.

Example:

In this case, the first object has a larger object in between two smaller objects. Therefore, the box on the left is the best analogy because it contains the same relationship between its objects as the “standard”.

Common Roles

Sometimes instead of a rule, like the

size and position of objects, there is

a role that a particular object plays in

a situation.

Consider the picture:

– What role does the car play in the

first picture?

– Which object plays the same role in

the second picture?

– When two objects share the same

role, we say that they are

analogous. Which two objects are

analogous?

Common Roles

Sometimes instead of a rule, like the

size and position of objects, there is

a role that a particular object plays in

a situation.

Consider the picture:

– What role does the car play in the

first picture? (Being pulled)

– Which object plays the same role in

the second picture? (The boat)

– When two objects share the same

role, we say that they are

analogous. Which two objects are

analogous? (The car and the boat)

Using Analogies to Make Inferences

Analogies can help us make inferences about things that are less

familiar. This is often the way we learn new information.

Example: Imagine you were trying to explain to a child why

watering a plant too much is bad. The child takes care of her

dog everyday. You might choose to use an analogy to the dog

to explain the water.

If you feed the dog too much, the dog will get sick.

Likewise, if you water the plant too much…

This inference can help the child learn about taking care of plants from her existing knowledge about taking care of a dog.

Putting it all together…

Describe the role of each

aspect of baseball.

Baseball Role: your answers

Pitcher Throws the ballBall Gets thrown/hit/caught

Home Plate Start, score, finishUmpire Judges play, enforces rules

Bat Hits the ball

Park Boundaries of game

http://www.slaternitehawks.com/images/baseball1.jpg

Putting it all together…

Describe the role of each

aspect of baseball.

Baseball Role

Pitcher Throws/Catches ballBall Gets thrown, Gets hit

Home Plate Runners head towardUmpire Enforces rules

Bat Hits ball

Park Place where game occurs

http://www.slaternitehawks.com/images/baseball1.jpg

Putting it all together…

Describe the role of each

aspect of hockey.

Hockey Role

Goal Score, where the goalie defendsRink Where the game is played

Goalie DefendsHockey stick Hits the puck

Referee Enforces rules

Puck Gets hit

http://multimedia.detnews.com/pix/3d/b6/fa/8e/73/6f/20100220181054_06-MSU-Hockey.jpg

Putting it all together…

Describe the role of each

aspect of hockey.

Hockey Role

Goal Players move puck towardsRink Place where game occurs

Goalie Catches/Shoots puckHockey stick Hits puck

Referee Enforces rules

Puck Gets hit

http://multimedia.detnews.com/pix/3d/b6/fa/8e/73/6f/20100220181054_06-MSU-Hockey.jpg

Alignment: Comparing Baseball and Hockeythere’s really no comparison…

There are features of baseball that correspond (or match) to features of

hockey. Identify the common role of each feature.

Baseball Hockey Common Role

Ball Puck Get hit, caught

Bat Hockey stick Hit ball/puck

Home Plate Goal Scoring occurs here

Umpire Referee Enforces the rules

Park Rink Game occurs here

Pitcher Goalie Prevents scoring; both stop play, both catch

Alignment: Comparing Baseball and Hockeythere’s really no comparison…

There are features of baseball that correspond (or match) to features of

hockey. Identify the common role of each feature.

Baseball Hockey Common Role

Ball Puck Get hit

Bat Hockey stick Hit

Home Plate Goal Aimed at

Umpire Referee Enforce rules

Park Rink Place where game occurs

Pitcher Goalie Catch/throw ball/puck

Differences?

Most of these roles are well lined up. What are the differences between

some of the features of baseball and hockey?

Baseball Hockey Common Role

Ball Puck

Bat Hockey stick

Home Plate Goal

Umpire Referee

Park Rink

Pitcher Goalie

Differences?

Most of these roles are well lined up. What are the differences between

some of the features of baseball and hockey?

Baseball Hockey Common Role

Ball Puck Different shape, one slides on ice, other moves in air

Bat Hockey stick Different shape, one is held up the other down

Home Plate Goal Players move toward home, puck moves toward goal

Umpire Referee

Park Rink

Pitcher Goalie Catcher throws ball at beginning of play, Goalie shoots puck at end of play

Inferences

If we know that the PITCHER is the most important position on a

winning baseball team, what can we infer about hockey?

Baseball Hockey Common RoleBall Puck Get hit

Bat Hockey stick Hit

Home Plate Goal Aimed at

Umpire Referee Enforce rules

Park Rink Place where game occurs

Pitcher Goalie Catch/throw ball/puck

Group work & Homework: Introduction