IRAQ DEALS DEATH BLOW TO MIDDLE EAST

IMPERIALISM

Southern Rhodesia:

CONGnESS MEN ON TRIAL, AFRICANS STAND RY

THEIR LEADERS

^ H E revolution in Iraq is de­livering the death-blow to

U.S., British and French impe­rialism in the Middle East.

The Conference of the stooge Bagdad Pact countries, scheduled to meet in Turkey broke up in con* fusion with the news—a complete surprise to Western ‘intelligence’ services—that the UJS.-satellite dic­tatorship of Iraq bad been over­thrown.

The fiercely anti-imperialist people of Bagdad—long held down by the terrorist regime of Nuri El Said—danced and sang in the streets of their capital city, formerly considered so safe a bastion of im­perialism that its name had been used for the Middle-East anti- Soviet war pact.

As rumours spread of vengeance against Iraq’s dictators, the hated oppressors of the other satellite countries—Jordan, Iran, Turkey and Pakistan were given due warning of what the future might hold in store for them.

But it is unlikely that the Western imperialist nations will sit idly by while their oil profits are seized back by the people. Within hours of the news of the revolt, U.S. and

British ships were moving towards Iraq.

A period of very great peril has begun in the Middle East, but how­ever desperate or foolhardy the at­tempts to crush Iraq may be, few things have spotlighted the doom of imperialism as dramatically as this week’s revolution.

“Oh, we had to do that because we don’t recofnlze China.”

CHAMODN ANGRT AT U.N. REPORT ON LERANON

fT^HE report of the United Nations observer group in the Lebanon has scotched the claim of the Lebanese President

Chamoun and his American supporters that the Lebanese crisis has been brought about by “massive intervention” from outside.

The U.N. report stated that there was no proof given for such claims, and said that all the Lebanese Government had been able to produce to support their claims were a few semi-literate youths.

'fhe U.N. report was a slap in the f^ e for Dulles and other American and British leaders who had blithely echoed Chamoun’s claims of intervention by the Unhed Arab Republic. The report emphasised that the Lebanese crisis was an internal affair, and something to be settled by the Lebanese people themselves.

Chamoun reacted strongly to the report. In a document sent to the Security Council he complained bitterly that the U.N. group had failed to carry out U.N. directive, and that its report was “inconclusive, misleading ano unwarranted.”

# The significance of the report is that if the U.S. and Britain were to intervene with troops in the Lebanon they would be doing so in the face of the findings of the U.N. observers that no other country was intervening there.

CHINA-DAM ON WHICH

MAO WORKED IS OPENED

^ H B huge Ming Tombs reser­voir, where chairman Mao,

Premier Chou and a hundred leading Communist Party Gov­ernment leaders did stints as labourers, was declared com­plete in China recently.

Celebrating the completion before the onset of the rainy season, a crowd of 150,000 watched the rib­bon cut.

Among them were 100,000 reser­voir builders who handed the pro­ject over as a “gift to the Commu­nist Party on its 37th birthday,” which fell recently.

400,000 VOLUNTEERSThe giant project, where 400,000

people gave voluntary labour at various times, involved the shifting of four million cubic yards of earth and rock.

It was done in five months in­stead of five years through the tremendous enthusiasm of the jjcoplc and wide-spread innovation of labour-saving devices.

LARGE number of African National Congress leaders

have been brought to trial in what seems to be an attempt by the Southern Rhodesian Government, heartened by the success of the racialist candi­dates in the recent Federal elec­tions, to smash the ANC.

The Vice-President of the South­ern Rhodesia ANC, Mr. James Robert Chikerema, was fined £100, with the alternative of six months imprisonment, for criminal defama­tion. He was charged with alleging at a meeting that a previous Minister of Native Affairs had been accused of misappropriating funds.

Four leading Congressmen in Salisbury have also been committed for trial on charges arising out of protest meetings held by the ANC and S. Rhodesian trade unions in Harari location.

The meetings were held as a pro­test against the demolition of the “old bricks” part of the location before alternative accommodation had been provided for residents. After one of the meetings several hundred Africans marched in a demonstration to the Salisbury market place.

CHEERED AND SANGFar from intimidating the Afri­

cans from supporting Congress, however, these trials have resulted in more Africans coming forward to stand by their leaders.

The courtrooms have been jam- packed with African spectators, who have sung for and cheered their leaders when they have emerged from the courtroom.

SPAIN: JAILED FOR PART IN BUS BOYCOTT

SLUMP IN W EST- NOT IN EAST

Says U.N. Economy Survey^ H E United Nations World

Economic Survey recently reported that all the capitalist countries expected a further slackening in economic activity during 1958.

It noted that the boom which followed the outbreak of the Ko­rean war lost most of its momen­tum in the past year.

But industrial production con­tinued to rise in countries with centrally-nlanned economies— parti­cularly East Germany, Poland and Crechoslovakia.

The output of consumer goods there during 1957 had increased SBor* than that of producer goods.

MARKED DECLINEThe survey, part of which was

published earlier this month, will be the principal background docu­ment on the world economic situa­tion for the meeting of the U.N. Economic and Social Council in Geneva to be held soon.

The survey attributes the general slackening in aggregate demand in private enterprise countries mainly to a marked decline in the rate of expansion in fixed investment and also to a slowing down in personal consumption, particularly of dur­able good.s.

The vulnerability of countries to any reversal in dollar balances of payments might be greater during the present period than during pre­vious postwar recassions, said the survey.

SPANISH military tribu­nal sitting in Barcelona

recently found 24 people guilty of boycotting public transport in January 1957 as a protest against a fare in­crease.

On trial were 47 people, -in­cluding nine women, all accused with being implicated in the boy­cott, which spread from transport to newspapers and places of enter­tainment.

Mr. R. Turner, who held a watching brief on behalf of the Haldane (Labour lawyers’) So-, ciety, described the trial at a Press conference in London.

The prosecution asked for sen­tences of up to 20 years. In fact, the sentences recommended were; Emiliano Fabregas, seven years; Juan Keyer, four years; and Jose Bravo, two years.

TORTUREMr. Turner said that of the

others seven had been recom­mended to one year’s imprison­ment, 14 to six months and 23 to be acquitted.

He made clear that even those who had been acquitted had spent four months in jail before being released on bail, and those ̂ who had not been released on bail had been subjected to torture by the police to make them incriminate each other.

All the young people who went to Moscow Youth Festival last year were arrested on their return

and have been held in jail since. Mr. Turner said that they would probably be tried soon.

Many of the defendants were only accused of associating with those who had produced or distri­buted leaflets and there was no other charge against them.

Others were charged with orga­nising the illegal Communist Party. In court Fabregas and Keyer, who with Bravo were lead into court handcuffed, admitted their Socialist convictions.

They Ban In Europe Too1. SWITZERLAND — Bertrand

Russell’s Peace Meeting

“̂ H E Swiss Goverament last week banned an interna­

tional congress of European intellectuals due to be held in Basle. Delegations to the con­ference were to have come from six West European coun­tries to discuss ways and means of maintaining world peace.

One of the main sponsors of (he conference was the well- known British philosopher, Earl (Bertrand) Russell, who wrote an open letter to the Swiss President in protest at the ban.

The ban, he said, had “shocked liberals throughout the world.”

Earl Russell pin-pointed the two reasons for imposing the ban.

First: The discussions mightcriticise the policy of the West German Government.

Second: Resolutions might bepassed opposing, by implication, Switzerland’s determination to ac­quire H-bombs.

It is hoped the congress will now be held later this year in Britain or Germany.

2. FRANCE — Picasso’s Peace Murals

riTHE French National Museum authorities have forbidden the

opening to the public o f the chapel at Vallauris, where French artist Picasso’s large triple fresco on the theme of war and peace adorns the wall.

The reason given by the autho­rities for the ban was that the chapel was not suitable for large crowds, but the real purpose was to prevent the inauguration of the chapel to be used as an occasion for a demonstration of “homage to Picasso.”

A large number of leading European artists and intellectuals were to have attended the opening to pay tribute to Picasso the artist and peacefighter.

Picasso finished the first frescos in 1952. One depicts the chariot of war, with its gruesome load, the horses trampling on a pile of books, being held up by a warrior­like figure carrying a shield blaz­oned with the dove of peace; the other shows the delights of peace —a man ploughing, a group pre­paring food, a performer on the pipes of Pan.

The third and_ last panel has only just been finished.

FURTHER SOVIET REFORM IN AGRICULTURE

npH E decision of the Central -*■ Committee of the Soviet Com­munist Party to abolish compul­sory deliveries by collective farms, is another important step in the So­viet Union.

When the^e compulsory deliveries were established, and arrangements made for collective farms to pay in kind for work done by the machine and tractor stations, it was a question of making sure that supplies of grain and other farm products would be available for the towns.

Now, with the very big increase in agricultural producton, compul­sory deliveries and payments in kind are no longer necessary, and . all supplies required will be bought earlier veara.

at new, higher prices than before.In the statement announcing tiie

change, it is noted that the Soviet Union Is already producing more than twice as much wheat and two and a half times as much wool as the United States.

With the reorganisation of indus­trial management carried through already, and the transfer of machinery from the machine and tractor stations to the collective farms which is now in process, this new move will carry forward the Hecentralisation and development of local initiative which is now pos­sible—but it has only become pos­sible on the basis of the achieve­ments of the centralised control of

PAN-AFRICAN TARLE TENNIS ASSOCIATION PLANNED sy o»'eepA DISTINGUISHED person-

^ ality, the Hon. Justice Amin Abou Heif, is at present in South Africa on the invita­tion of the S.A. Table Tennis Board, the non-racial body con­trolling the sport in this coun­try, which is recognised by the International Table Tennis Federation.

Justice Heif, Vice-Presidefit of the ITTF, under the Presidency of the Hon. Mr. Ivor Montagu, who unsuccessfully presented the Soccer Federation’s application to FIFA, is also secretary of the United Arab Republic T.T. Federation.

At 'the opening of the tourna­ment, Mr. Heif was the honoured guest who opened the proceedings and thereafter presented a pennant, on behalf of his Arab Federation to Mr. C. M. Bassa, President of the Board, thus conferring a unique honour to a young body that has

Dramatic ReadingTwo well-known figures in

the theatre and radio world, MLss Valerie Philip and Mr. Cecil Williams, are to give a recital of dramatic readings on Sunday afternoon July 27th at the Lyric Cinema.

They will read extracts from modem and classical plays, in­cluding those of Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde, Shakespeare, Tennessee Williams, Lee Law­rence and others.

achieved more than any other branch of sport in such a short time.

Full advantage has been taken by the administrators of table tennis of this opportune visit of Justice Heif, who is determined to find an amicable solution of the differences between the Board (ndn-racial) and the Union (Europeans), although the chance of success is small. A joint meeting for this week has been arranged and it is hoped that the Whites will agree to some of the demands of the Board.

I refer here to the proposed visit of an Australian team to tour S.A. in the near future. The demands of the Board, to them, may seem im­possible, but nothing less must be acceptable. In other words, if the recommendations of the Board to hold a Test against the Board is not accepted, then the tour of the Aussies must be called off.

Mr. Heif is also negotiating for the formation of a Pan-African T.T. Federation, with good prospects in countries such as Morocco, Egypt, Tunisia, Ghana, the Rhodesian Federation and South Africa.

Table tennis is divided into blocs throughout the world such as the Asian, the European, and the South American blocs, so that the forma­tion of an African section would be most welcome.SOCCER TOURNEYA T the time of writing the S.A.

Coloured soccer tournament has not yet concluded, for the finals have yet to be plaved, but the standard of soccer only reached its

CorrectionEXHIBITION BY MR.

DAVID BRINK. The work of the versatile East lyondon sculptor David Brink was in­cluded last week in our art re­view headed ‘Coloured Artists Hold Jo’burg Exhibition.’ Mr. Brink is. of course, a Euro­pean, and, because of the tra­gic importance that mav be at­tached. in this country to racial distinctions, we hasten to cor­rect our error and apologise for i t

peak when W.P. and E.P. met in the most exciting match of the series. In the meantime Transvaal continued on their triumphant march to the finals, while the other sectional winners, W.P. were surprisingly extended by the not-so- much-fancied Easterns.

The visitors from the Eastshocked the local players by a sparkling display under adverse conditions, and local supporters afterwards were really cheering Easterns instead of the home team.

In the replay on Sunday morning Easterns held the local boys up to the last 15 minutes, when the strain began to tell, and they finally suc­cumbed to a much fitter side.S.A. COLOURED TEAM flllHE five National Selectors of

the S.A. Col. Soccer Board, Messrs Maggot, Herbert, Solomons (O.F.S.), and Kemp (E.P.) an­nounced the following team to take part in the S.A. Soccer Federation’s competition for the A. 1. Kajee Memerial Trophy:

Goalkeepers: M. Davids (Tvl.)and V. Julies (W.P.)

Full-backs: H. Meyer (E.P.), C. Black (Tvl.) and J. Francis (W.P.)

Half-backs: W. Fisher (Tvl.), P. dc Jongh (Tvl. Vice-Capt.), L. van Dieman (W.P.), F. Smith (W.P.)

Forwards: J. Ellis, H. Rasdien, O. Adams (Capt.), H. Chrowder and F. Jacobs ail (Tvl.)

For the match against the In­dians in Johannesburg on 20th inst., Julies, Francis and Smith are omitted- and in the match against the All Blacks, Davids, Meyer and Fisher are dropped.

Just how much confidence the selectors have in the attacking power of the Transvaal players can be seen from the fact that the en­tire forward line from the north has been retained for both games.

Happen what may. the All Blacks are still favoured to capture the Kajee Cup, for one must admit that the standard of the Coloureds has dropped a peg or two since the departure of the Transvaal players to professionalism overseas.WE HEAR IT SAID , . .

# That at the A.G.M. of the S.A. Bantu Rugby Board, Mr. Siwi- sa‘s election as President was de­clared invalid and he has been replaced by the Vice-President, Mr. N. J. Nkosi.

# That the total gates taken at the first day of the S.A. Bantu tournament was only about £300. The admission charges are 2/6 per person and approximately 6,()00- 7,000 spectators were present. Work it out yourself!!

# That the thousands of African visitors to Cape Town for the tour­nament have had a rip-roaring time at the numerous functions arranged by the hosts.

# That the local Bantu (African) officials were terribly embarrassed when they found that the Drill Hall was locked on the night of the dance to entertain the participating teams. Only Cllr. Parker's interven­tion saved a difficult situation. Dancing only commenced at 10 p.m. and before the gav crowd could enioy themselves, time was called. Something is wrong some­where in the administration of civic affairs.

# That the S.A. All Blacks, comprising plavers from the S.A. Bantu and S.A. African Associa­tions are favourites for the Kajee Cup. They recently swamped the S.A. Indians 5-1.

That the news of the amalgama­tion of the two African soccer bodies is a welcome sign of pro- eress.__________________________

\11 kinds of photographic work undertaken by

E L I W E I N B E R G Photographer

11, Plantation Road, Gardena,Phone 45-4103

Funeral of a Veteran Fighter

PORT ELIZABETH.A selected team of Volun­

teers in Congress uniform—all of them six-footers—bore the body of one of the oldest, most active, loyal and unwavering members of Congress here, James Kedamile Mjo.

At the head of the proces­sion of 15,000 people were two standard-bearers carrying ANC flags at half-mast and at the slant-forward. Immediately behind them followed hundreds of uniformed volunteers, then the women’s section of the Volunteer Corps, women in Congress green blouses, and those in the national costume.

Along the route, through the most thickly populated slum area of New Brighton, thou­sands of people stood with their heads bared.

During the course of 1957 alone Mjo went to jail no less than three times when the po­lice were making a desperate bid to smash Congress at New Brighton.

At the time of his death he was under a three-year suspended sentence for address­ing a meeting of more than 10 Africans.

Until last May he was a member of the New Brighton ANC Executive.

DADOO ON GBOUP AREAS(Continued from page 1)

government will have won the first round.

The cry must go up from the people “We remain where we are.” No Moving.’’ “We Defend Our Homes.”

There is no easy formula for resistance and opposition to the Act.

The NIC and NIC leaderships have sejen that the Indian people must be united to mount a cam­paign to fight the Group Areas Act.

This unity is essential and must be developed.

United Action must mean not only the unity of the Indian people hut firm unity between Indians, Africans and Coloured people—all victims of the proclamations. And the broad front of action against the Act must also embrace White opponents of the Act.

NO BARGAINS Despite the enormity of the

tragedy being enacted in the name of the Group Areas Act there are still some people who harbour illu­sions about it. They hope to strike some kind of a bargain with the government; they live in hope that if they accept residential segrega­tion they will be allowed to trade on permit.

But they must understand that the Group Areas Act aims to ruin us more as a trading com­munity than for any other reason. And it is a broadside assault on us as a community, not only an attack on some of our present rights.So though the issue of permits

here and there may loosen the screw slightly for a while the re­lief will be very temporary indeed.

The Group Areas proclamations will affect all sections: landlordsand tenants, professional men and workers, small hawkers and traders

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Published by Real Printlnn * Publiithing Co. (Pty.) Ltd., « Barrack Street, Cape Town, and printed by Pioneer Press (Pty.) Ltd., Porgate Street, Woodstock. This newspaper Is a member of the Audit Bureau of Circulations. New Age olOces:

C ( ^ 'Town: Room 20, 0 Barrack Street, Phone 2-S7OT.Johannesburg; 102 Progress Buildings. 154 Commissioner Street, Phone 22-4623. Durban: 708 Lodson House, 118 Grey Street, Phone 0-8807.

Poet Blaabetlr. 0 Comt Chaaibers, 110 AdderUr Street. Pboaa AMU.

and big businessmen.RICH AND POOR

Many tenants and poor families are paying high rents today for shacks and slum homes may look with some relief to the prospect of moving to better homes in group areas. But they must realise that the blows of the Group Areas Act are aimed at them too.

The workings of the Act are directed as much at the poor as the wealthy Indian. Many categories of work cannot, under the Group Areas Act, be filled by Indians working in European concerns. Their presence in European areas can also be restricted or com­pletely prohibited by proclamation.

THEY SURRENDERED Some Pretoria Indians have

thrown in the towel before the first round has started. They pin their hopes on coming to an ar­rangement with the Government: they will accept residential segre­gation in exchange for the right to trade under permit.

That might work for a short while in some cases—until the Government had had time enough to enforce the total removal of the Indian communities affected by proclamations.

If there are delays before the total enforcement of removal orders this will not be because of any mercy shown the victims of the Act by the Nationalists, or any sign that the Government is having second thoughts about the procla­mations. The reason will simply be that the carying out of the procla­mations in full will take some time.

But if the Non-White commu­nities permit their resistance to crumble they will take a beating not only in this battle but in future ones too.For this campaign against the

Group Areas Act is part of the general campaign against Apart­heid and Nationalist tyranny, and it must not be thought of as a separate struggle.”_____________

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If you have one please post it to the Treason Trial Defence, Box 3920, Johannesburg. It will be looked after and re­turned to you.

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ResearchS.A. Press Guide, S.A. Year Book, Municipal Year Book, History of South Africa—Walker. African Sur­vey—Hailey, Tomlinson Report, All publications of the S.A. Institute of Race Relations, State of the Union —^Year Book—-Culemborg Publica­tions. Subscription to—The Manu­facturer—Journal of the Chamber of Industries, Subscription to—The Industrial Review of Africa, Capi­tal Investment in Africa—Frankel, S.A. Financial Year Book, Skinners

Mining Year Book.Kindly contact:

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Collection Number: AG2887

Collection Name: Publications, New Age, 1954-1962

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