Investing in Africa, 投资非洲，Investing in African Heritage 投资非洲遗产

Cradle of humankind

人类起源的摇篮

Koutammakou,  the  Land  of  the  Batammariba

The African continent is the “cradle of

humankind” and home to impressive

biodiversity and wildlife, as well as cultural

treasures from ancient and modern times. The

magnificent sites of Kilimanjaro, Timbuktu,

Lake Malawi and the Island of Mozambique are

already inscribed in the UNESCO World

Heritage List. However, despite being home

to a vast number of sites of enormous

significance to humankind, the African

continent is underrepresented on the

UNESCO World Heritage List. In addition

many African sites are threatened with being

de-listed because they are not being properly

managed.

非洲大陆是“人类起源的摇篮”。非洲充满了

丰富的生态环境和种类众多的野生动物，

也有许多从远古到现代的文化遗产。例如

乞力马扎罗的宏伟景观，廷克巴图的古老

城市，马拉维湖，莫桑比克岛，这些都在

世界教科文组织的《世界遗产名录》中榜

上有名。但是，虽然非洲拥有无数对于全

球来说都至关重要的自然资源和文明胜

地，但在《世界遗产名录》上，位于非洲

的世界遗产仍然数量极少。更严重的是，

因为管理保护不当，一些原来列在遗产名

录上的非洲遗产反而正面临着被除名的危

险。

Page 1

What is the AWHF

AWHF 简介

St  Catherine's  Monastery,    Egypt

The African World Heritage Fund (AWHF) is a

non-governmental organisation with a mission

to support the implementation of the

UNESCO World Heritage Convention (1972)

on the African Continent. It was launched in

2006 and is affiliated to UNESCO as a

Category 2 Centre. It has a mandate from the

African States Parties to the UNESCO World

Heritage Convention and the African Union.

The aim of the AWHF is to support the

effective conservation and protection of

Africa's natural and cultural heritage, to

increase the presence of African sites on the

UNESCO World Heritage List, to help the

sites acting as catalysts in transforming Africa's

image, to stimulate African economic growth

and infrastructure development

through effective investment and sustainable

management of the sites and related activities.

非洲世界遗产基金会（AWHF) 是一个非政

府组织，它的使命是支持非洲大陆对1972

年联合国教科文组织通过的《保护世界文

化和自然遗产公约》的更好执行。这个基

金会成立于2006年，它接受的是非洲各国

政府、世界教科文组织和非洲同盟的委

任，是附属于联合国教科文组织的一个二

级中心。

非洲遗产基金会（AWHF）的目标如下：支

持非洲自然和文化遗产的有效维持和保

护，增加非洲景点在《世界遗产名录》上

的数量，借助非洲的世界遗产来改善非洲

的形象，通过对于这些景点及其活动的有

效的投资和可持续的管理来刺激非洲的经

济增长并推动非洲的基本设施的建设。

Page 2

Many African countries are faced with

challenges in the implementation of the 1972

Convention. The AWHF has been established

as a strategy to deal with these challenges. It

is there to foster a better understanding of

African heritage cultural significances and

values. To fulfil this mandate, resources are

mobilised to contribute towards the

promotion and safeguarding of African World

Heritage Sites and the education of people on

the importance of African natural and cultural

heritage.

The Fund is accessible to all African countries

who are Member States to the World

Heritage Convention.

许多非洲国家在执行1972年的《世界遗产公

约》上面临着挑战，非洲遗产基金会

（AWHF）的建立，就是帮助各国解决他们

所面对的一系列问题。基金会的存在是为了

让世界更了解非洲遗产的重要性及其价值。

为了能够完成这一任务，基金会集中资源，

宣传非洲所拥有的世界遗产，教育公众这些

自然和文化遗产的重要性，并对这些遗产进

行可持续的有效的管理。

基金会面向所有加入了《世界遗产公约》的

非洲国家开放。

James  Island,  GambiaPage 3

M'Zab  Valley,  Algeria

Objectives of AWHF

AWHF 的目标

Increase the number of African World Heritage sites

Africa has significant natural and cultural heritage

sites. But this is not being recognised around the

world. While 52 African countries have signed the

World Heritage Convention, 15 of them have no

sites on the World Heritage List. Out of 935 sites

on the World Heritage List, only 118 are from

Africa 85 of which are from Sub-Saharan Africa).

The challenge for Africa is to increase the resources

available to inscribe more sites.

Benefit the local community

The World Heritage Convention encourages States

Parties to involve local communities in planning

and managing the heritage sites. Successful

protection of heritage depends on the ability to

provide opportunities and benefits to the local

communities. Properly managed tourism

development that involves local communities can

help to stem the out-migration of youth and

marginally-employed members of the community,

provide new employment opportunities, revitalise

traditional building and craft industries, enhance

both the physical and intangible heritage while

encouraging pride and promoting enterprise and

contributing towards alleviating poverty.

增加非洲在《世界遗产名录》上的数量

非洲拥有丰富的自然与文化遗产，但这一点还没有在全世界得到公认。非洲有52个国家签署了《世界遗产公约》，但是只有十五个国家拥有世界遗产的景点。全球世界遗产的景点共有935个，其中只有118个来自非洲，南部非洲占其中的85个。对于非洲来说，需要更多资源的投入，增加《世界遗产名录》上的非洲景点。

让当地社区受益

《世界遗产公约》鼓励各国政府在规划和管理

世界遗产的景点上，要让当地社区参与，并为

当地社区提供机会和利益，只有在这个基础

上，世界遗产才能得到成功的保护和宣传。旅

游开发应该进行恰当的管理，为当地人员提供

就业机会，恢复当地传统建筑的活力，振兴手

工工艺，宣传物质和非物质的文化遗产，增加

当地社区的自豪感并帮助扶贫。

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Mountain gorilla, Cameroon

Koutammakou,  Togo

Remove the sites from the List of World Heritage in Danger

A total of 11 African countries have sites which

appear on the List of World Heritage in Danger.

African sites predominate on the List of World

Heritage in Danger. It is vitally important to

improve the conservation and preservation of

Africa’s endangered sites and to get them removed

from that list. It is also important to develop best

practices which will ensure that after intervention,

sound conservation and management systems

remain in place.

Contribution to tourism

The inscription of a site on the World Heritage

List brings an increase in public awareness of the

site and its outstanding value. This leads to an

increase in the tourist activity at the site. When

such activity is well planned and organised

respecting sustainable tourism principles, it creates

access to important funds for the site and the local

economy. Tourism offers unparalleled opportunities

for the economic development of local

communities living in or near heritage sites.

消除《濒危世界遗产》名单上非洲景点

非洲共有十一个景点被列在《濒危世界遗产》的名单上，而且，在这个黑名单上的所有景点

中，非洲占大多数。所以，对这些濒危景点进

行保护修整和恢复，并最终将它们从这个名单上消除，至关重要。而且，在将它们从濒危名

单上除名后，也需要发展最佳措施，保证优质的保护措施和管理系统的到位。

对于旅游业的贡献

被列入《世界遗产名录》上的自然和文化景点

能够以其出色的价值来吸引游客。但如何将世界遗产与旅游业进行最佳结合，需要良好的规

划，并应该以可持续发展为旅游业的基本原

则。旅游业可以带动当地经济的发展，特别是对于景点附近的社区和居民来说，管理良好的

旅游业能够给他们带来无与伦比的好处。

Ténéré Desert, Niger

Page 5

AWHF’s Mission:

AWHF 的使命：

To provide support to identify and list African

heritage sites on the World Heritage List;

To provide support and assistance for the

conservation and management of

heritage sites in Africa, particularly those

already inscribed on the World Heritage List;

To rehabilitate sites inscribed on the List of

World Heritage in Danger;

To train heritage experts and site managers as

ongoing capacity building;

To involve communities in decisions

concerning their heritage and ensuring that

tangible benefits accrue to them.

对非洲遗产申请进入《世界遗产名录》进行

推荐和支持；

支持非洲自然与文化遗产的保护和管理，特别是那些已经进入《世界遗产名录》的景

点；

对于那些被列入《濒危世界遗产名单》上的

景点进行重建和恢复；

培训非洲遗产专家和景点管理人员，对工作人员的长期能力进行培训；

在遗产保护上，邀请当地社区进行参与，并

保证这些世界遗产能让当地社区受益。

Lalibela,  Ethiopia  

Page 6

Stakeholders of AWHF

AWHF 的利益相关方

UNESCO – World Heritage Centre and its

advisory bodies

African Union

African States Parties to the World

Heritage Convention and their Government Departments

South African Department of Arts and

Culture

South African Department of

Environmental Affairs

South African Department of Education

South African Department of International

Relations and Cooperation

African People living on and around World

Heritage Sites

联合国教科文组织 － 世界遗产中心和它的顾问机构

非洲同盟

加入《世界遗产公约》的非洲各国政府

及其各有关部門

南非艺术文化部

南非环境事务部

南非教育部

南非国际关系与合作部

生活在世界文化遗产景点周别的社区们

Page 7

Fassil  Ghebbi

China and Africa - a long history of collaboration

AWHF China has a long history of friendship with

Africa and camaraderie with African people. In the

recent past China has played a leading role in

Africa’s freedom struggle, lending support and

assistance when most others were indifferent.

They saw their role as supporting the brotherhood

of non-aligned nations.

The establishment of modern Sino-African relations

dates back to the 1960s when Zhou Enlai made a

ten-country tour between December 1963 and

January 1964 to Africa. China began to cultivate ties

and offer economic and technical support to

African countries and liberation movements. The

most famous initiative, the Tanzam railway was

completed and handed over to the Zambian

government in 1976.

China and Africa have a long history of trade

relations. The first mention of Africa in Chinese

sources was in the Yu Yang Za Zu around 850 A.D.

In 1226 A.D. Chao Ju-kua, commissioner of foreign

trade in Quanzhou in Fujian province, completed his

Chu-fan-chih. It discusses Zanzibar and Somalia.

Then in 1415 Chinese Ming dynasty admiral Zheng

He sailed his fleet down the East coast of Africa

from the Horn of Africa to Southern Africa and

sent the first of two giraffes as gifts to the Chinese

emperor Yong'le.

The goal of those expeditions was to spread

Chinese culture by bringing gifts and granting titles

from the Ming emperor to the local rulers,

establishing a broad tribute-paying circle.

China’s recent resurgence as a major world power

alongside Africa’s growing importance means that

there is much to discuss and mutually develop.

Chinese relations with Africa have grown

exponentially over the past decade. During the

1990s Sino-African trade grew by 700 percent and

many high-level visits occurred from 1995. The

Forum for China Africa Co-operation was

established in 2000, the culmination being the

release of China’s African Policy Paper in January

2006. More recently, the Beijing Action Plan(2007-

2009) was put into place.

The annual meeting of the African Development

Bank was held in May 2007, in Shanghai, only the

second such meeting to take place outside of the

African continent. Following this meeting, the

Chinese State Council approved the creation of US

$ 5 billion China-Africa Development Fund, to be

administered by the China Development Bank.

The investments of the fund are to be targeted at

providing capital for Chinese enterprises engaged in

development, investment, economic and trade

activities in Africa. The fund is also to provide

support for African countries’ agricultural,

manufacturing and energy sectors.

China became Africa’s biggest trading partner. The

growing commercial engagement of the African

continent has contributed greatly to African’s

economical development.

Yet, China’s engagement with Africa is faced with

negative publicity, especially from European media.

The criticism is both misplaced and hypocritical, the

West has four centuries of engagement with Africa

but their colonial model has largely failed. China’s

approach to Africa is pragmatic. An understanding

of Africa’s history, gives one clarity on the former

colonial powers continuing vested interests. China

needs to respond to the criticism received. China

cannot avoid the spotlight.

Page 8

中国与非洲

历史悠久的合作关系

中国与非洲之间有着源远流长的友谊，当代历

史上，中国曾经极大地支持了非洲的独立运

动。在其他国家对非洲漠不关心之时，是中国

给了非洲支持和协助，这是一种不结盟国家的

兄弟般的友谊。

中国与当代非洲的关系可以回溯到上个世纪六

十年代，1963年底到1964年初，周恩来总理访

问了非洲十国，开始了新型的中非关系，对非

洲的解放运动提供了经济和技术上的援助，为

中非长期友好合作奠定了坚实的基础。以后的

双边交流中，最重要的要数坦赞铁路的建设，

1976年，铁路建设完成交付给赞比亚政府。

中国与非洲之间的经济交往更为长久，公元850

年左右成书的《酉阳杂徂》中，就提到了非

洲。1225年，南宋泉州市舶司提举赵汝适著成

的《诸蕃志》中，曾提到桑给巴尔和索马里。  

1415年，明朝著名的航海家郑和将他的船队开

到东非海岸，还为永乐皇帝带回两头长颈鹿。

当然，郑和当年远洋的目的主要是为了展示明

朝国威，加强与海外的联系，宣扬中国文化，

希望能实现万国朝贡。

当代中国在世界上的崛起和非洲的发展相辅相

成，两者之间关系密切。在过去十年中，中国

与非洲的经贸往来增长极快，在上个世纪九十

年代，中非之间的贸易翻了七倍。自从1995年

后，中国与非洲各国之间进行了许多高层的互

访，2000年，中非合作论坛成立，第一届部长

级会议在北京召开，通过了《北京宣言》和

《中非经济和社会发展合作纲领》两个历史性

文件。 2006年1月，《中国对非洲政策文件》

发表，同年11月，中非合作论坛峰会暨第三届

部长会议在北京召开，决定实施《中非合作论

坛北京行动计划（2007-2009）》，同时，胡锦

涛主席也宣布，“为鼓励和支持中国企业到非洲

投资，设立中非发展基金，基金总额逐步达到

50亿美元。”

2007年3月14日，中国国务院正式批准成立中非

发展基金，首期10亿美元由国家开发银行出资

承办。中非发展基金除了帮助中国企业到非洲

投资之外，也对非洲的农业，制造业和能源工

业提供支持。同年5月，非洲发展银行的年会在

上海举行，这是此行第二次在非洲大陆之外举

行年会。

如今，中国是非洲最大的贸易伙伴，这对于非

洲经济的发展产生了极大的推动作用。

但是，中国与非洲战略合作也面对着许多负面

的评论，特别是欧洲的媒体。这些指责大多不

符合实际情况而且相当虚伪，西方国家与非洲

有过四个世纪的关系，但他们的殖民地模式以

失败告终，但从非洲的历史可以看出，西方在

非洲仍大有利益关系。中国与非洲的关系是务

实的，中国对于西方的批评必须做出反应，中

国已经处于聚光灯下。

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China and Cultural Heritage

中国与文化遗产

Koutammakou,  the  Land  of  the  Batammariba

Chinese people understand the importance of

cultural heritage, the protection and promotion of

it. Chinese culture itself has long been revered as

one of the oldest cultures in the world. It played an

important role in consolidating Chinese society,

giving identity to the Chinese people. By

supporting the AWHF, a prestigious organisation

covering the most important cultural heritage sites

across the whole African continent, China is helping

an important partner.

中国拥有世界上最古老的文化之一，中国人一

向理解保护和宣扬文化遗产的重要性。文化遗

产对于中国社会起着凝聚作用，并且也给予了

中国人一种认同感，保持民族文化的个性，是

民族文化精神的重要标识。非洲遗产基金会

（AWHF）是一个享有声望的权威机构，涵盖

整个非洲的自然和文化遗产的景点，帮助支持

基金会，中国是在帮助一个重要的合作伙伴。

在非洲投资，也请投资非洲遗产。

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How to support the AWHFEndowment Fund

In order to become sustainable and to finance long

term programmes from the returns of an

Endowment Fund, the AWHF is targeting to raise

an amount of UD$25 million as an Endowment

Fund by 2015, this will allow the AWHF to finance

the majority of its programmes from the returns on

investment and become more independent on

outside support.

Contributions to the AWHF Endowment Fund

constitute a sustainable way of funding and the

donor will systematically support an organisation

which covers the whole African continent and

which is owned by African States and the people of

Africa.  

States Parties and organisations contributing to the

Endowment Fund are like shareholders and their

contribution and relationship to the Fund is

continuously highlighted in all publications,

presentations, exhibitions and on the website of the

AWHF.

Contributing to the Endowment Fund will make you

into a visible partner of AWHF.

So far, AWHF has raised US $ 5 million and the first

US $1 million of this fund came from China from

President Hu Jintao’s visit in 2006.

Programme Funding

Apart from supporting the AWHF as a whole

through the Endowment Fund, donors can also

support individual World Heritage Site programmes

in specific countries.

In addition to AWHF’s existing programmes listed

below, AWHF can also design specific tailor-made

programmes to fit donors’ needs.

Examples of the existing programmes:

Training programme on world heritage

nomination and sites management.

Tentative listing programme.

World heritage sites and sustainable tourism

programme.

Risk management programmes for World

Heritage sites

Upgrade of specific World Heritage sites.

如何支持非洲遗产基金会（AWHF）

赞助基金会的永久基金

为了能够保证可持续发展，为各种项目提供长期的资金保证，非洲遗产基金会（AWHF）建立了一个永久性的留本基金，以基金的利息和收入来资助其在非洲各国的项目和活动，这样，基金会就能够做到财务上的独立。基金会的目标是到2015年为止，筹集2千5百万美元作为永久留本基金。

资助基金会的永久基金，也就是对于基金会的各项活动进行了全面的系统性的支持，从而支持非洲各国和非洲人民所拥有的自然和文化遗产，支持非洲遗产的可持续发展。

对于永久基金做出贡献的各国政府，机构以及企业，也就自动成为永久基金的股东之一，是基金会的利益相关方，他们对于非洲遗产基金会所做的贡献以及对他们的支持将长期在各种出版物，宣传品，展览，演示以及基金会的网站上发表。资助永久基金，将让资助者成为基金会的一个显著的合作伙伴。

至今为止，非洲遗产基金会的永久基金已经筹集了5百万美元的款项，其中第一笔1百万美元的捐款来自于中国，是2007年胡锦涛主席访问非洲八国时所做的捐赠。

项目捐赠

除了对于非洲遗产基金会的永久基金进行资助外，捐款人也可以在某个特定国家对于某个特定世界遗产的景点进行支持，或是支持基金会的某个项目。以下列举的是基金会目前所进行的一些项目。基金会也可以根据捐款人的具体要求设计符合他们的特殊项目。

基金会目前拥有的项目列举：

申请以及管理世界遗产的培训世界遗产提名培训世界遗产景点和可持续的旅游管理世界遗产景点的风险管理项目世界遗产景点的维修和更新项目

Page 11

World HeritageCenter

United Nations

Cultural Organization