introduction to mis1 copyright © 1998-2002 by jerry post introduction to mis chapter 6 database...

Introduction to MIS 1

Copyright © 1998-2002 by Jerry Post

Introduction to MIS

Chapter 6

Database Management Systems


Database Management Systems

Database

DBMSPrograms

Sales and transaction data

Reports and

ad hoc queries


Outline Relational Databases Queries Designing a Database Database Applications Database Administration Database and e-Business Cases: Airlines Appendix: Building Forms in Access


DBMS & People

Data

DatabaseManagement

System

Program Program

Business Operations

Ad Hoc Queriesand Reports

ProgrammerAnalyst

Database Administrator

Business Needs

Programs& Revisions

Managers

(Standards, Design, and Control)

Data Collectionand TransactionProcessing


Phone Name Address City312-555-1234 Jones 123 Main Chicago502-555-8876 Smith 456 Oak Glasgow602-555-9987 Juarez 887 Ribera Phoenix612-555-4325 Olsen 465 Thor Minneapolis

Customer Table

Customer Date Salesperson Total_sale502-555-8876 3/3/04 2223 157.92602-555-9987 4/4/04 8876 295.53612-555-4325 4/9/04 8876 132.94502-555-8876 5/7/04 3345 183.67

Orders Table

Relational Databases Tables

Rows Columns Primary keys

Data types Text Dates & times Numbers Objects


All Data Files

Database ManagementSystem

InvoiceProgram

BillingProgram

Database Advantages Focus on data Stable data Programs change.

Data independence Change programs without

altering data. Data integrity

Accuracy. Time. Concurrency. Security.

Ad hoc queries Speed of development

Report writers. Input forms. Data manipulation.

Flexibility & Queries


1) What output do you want to see?2) What tables are involved?3) What do you already know? (constraints)4) How are the tables joined?

Four questions to create a query

Database Queries Single Table Computations Joining Tables


Single Table Query IntroductionCID Name Phone City AccountBalance28764 Adamz 602-999-2539 Phoenix 197.5487535 James 305-777-2235 Miami 255.9344453 Kolke 303-888-8876 Denver 863.3929587 Smitz 206-676-7763 Seattle 353.76

Sample Data

Access Query Screen (QBE)

Query: Which customers have balances greater than $200?

File: C05E15a.mdb


“AND” Conditions and SortingSample Data

Access Query Screen (QBE)

Query: Which Denver customers have balances greater than $200?

CID Name Phone City AccountBalance28764 Adamz 602-999-2539 Phoenix 197.5487535 James 305-777-2235 Miami 255.9344453 Kolke 303-888-8876 Denver 863.3929587 Smitz 206-676-7763 Seattle 353.76


SQL Introduction

Query: Which customers have balances greater than $200?SQL: SELECT CID, Name, Phone, City, AccountBalance

FROM CustomersWHERE AccountBalance > 200 ;

Query: Which Denver customers have balances greater than $200?SQL: SELECT CID, City, AccountBalancel

FROM CustomersWHERE AccountBalance > 200 and City = “Denver”ORDER BY Name ASC ;

CID Name Phone City AccountBalance28764 Adamz 602-999-2539 Phoenix 197.5487535 James 305-777-2235 Miami 255.9344453 Kolke 303-888-8876 Denver 863.3929587 Smitz 206-676-7763 Seattle 353.76


Useful WHERE Conditions Comparisons <, =, >, <>, BETWEEN

Numbers AccountBalance > 200 Text

Common Name > “Jones” LIKE

Match all Name LIKE “J*” Match one Name LIKE “?m*”

Dates Odate between #8/15/95# and #8/31/95# Missing data City is NULL NOT Name is NOT NULL

Use with QBE or SQL


SQL General Form SELECT columns FROM tables JOIN link columns WHERE conditions GROUP BY column ORDER BY column (ASC | DESC)


Computations Sum Avg Min Max Count StDev Var

QBE

SELECT Count(C#), AVG(AccountBalance)FROM Customers ;

SQL


Groups or SubtotalsQBE

SELECT City, AVG(AccountBalance)FROM CustomersGROUP BY City ;

SQLCity AVG(AccountBalance)Chicago 197.54Denver 863.39Miami 255.93Phoenix 526.76Seattle 353.76

Sample Output


Groups with Conditions

Query: What is the average account balance for customers from Denver?


Multiple Tables

CID Name Phone City AccountBalance12345 Jones 312-555-1234 Chicago $197.5428764 Adams 602-999-2539 Phoenix $526.7629587 Smitz 206-656-7763 Seattle $353.7644453 Kolke 303-888-8876 Denver $863.3987535 James 305-777-2235 Miami $255.98

Customers

SID Name DateHired Phone Commission225 West 5/23/75 213-333-2345 5452 Zeke 8/15/94 213-343-5553 3554 Jabbar 7/15/91 213-534-8876 4663 Bird 9/12/93 213-225-3335 4887 Johnson 2/2/92 213-887-6635 4

ItemID Description Price1154 Corn Broom $1.002254 Blue Jeans $12.003342 Paper Towels--3 rolls $1.007653 Laundry Detergent $2.008763 Men's Boots $15.009987 Candy Popcorn $0.50

OrderID CID SID Odate Amount117 12345 887 3/3/2004 $57.92125 87535 663 4/4/2004 $123.54157 12345 554 4/9/2004 $297.89169 29587 255 5/5/2004 $89.93178 44453 663 5/1/2004 $154.89188 29587 554 5/8/2004 $325.46201 12345 887 5/28/2004 $193.58211 44453 255 6/9/2004 $201.39213 44453 255 6/9/2004 $154.15215 87535 887 6/9/2004 $563.27280 28764 663 5/27/2004 $255.32

OID ItemID Quantity117 1154 2117 3342 1117 7653 4125 1154 4125 8763 3157 7653 2169 3342 1169 9987 5178 2254 1

Salespeople

Items

Orders

ItemsSold


Linking Tables

The Orders to ItemsSold relationship enforces referential integrity.

One Order can list many ItemsSold.


Query Example Which customers (CID) have placed

orders since June 1, 2004?

QBE

SELECT CID, ODateFROM OrdersWHERE Odate >= #6/1/2004# ;

SQL

ResultsCID ODate44453 6/9/200444453 6/9/200487535 6/9/200428764 6/27/2004


Query Example What are the names of the customers who placed orders since June 1,

2004?

QBE

SELECT DISTINCT Name, OdateFROM Orders INNER JOIN Customers ON Orders.CID = Customers.CIDWHERE Odate >= #6/1/2004# ;

SQL

Results

Name OdateAdamz 6/27/2004James 6/9/2004Kolke 6/9/2004


QBE

SELECT DISTINCT Salespeople.Name, Customers.NameFROM Salespeople INNER JOIN (Customers INNER JOIN Orders ON

Customers.CID=Orders.CID) ON Salespeople.SID = Orders.SIDORDER BY Salespeople.Name ;

SQL

Results

SalesName Cust.NameBird AdamzBird JamesBird KolkeJabbar JonesJabbar SmitzJohnson JamesJohnson JonesWest KolkeWest Smitz

Query Example List the salespeople (sorted alphabetically) along

with the names of customers who placed orders with that salesperson.


Aggregation Query What is the total amount of orders placed from customers who live in

Miami?

QBE

SELECT SUM(Amount)FROM Orders INNER JOIN Customers ON Orders.CID = Customers.CIDWHERE City = “Miami” ;

SQL

Results

$2,418.84


Database Design Primary keys One value per cell Column depends on whole

key and nothing but the key.Customers

CID name city home business fax service11 Jones Chicago 111-1111 222-2222 222-35534 876-345622 Smith Chicago 111-4567 444-535333 James Chicago 111-2567 222-897644 Ricci Chicago 333-8765

CID name city11 Jones Chicago22 Smith Chicago33 James Chicago44 Ricci Chicago

Customers(CID, name, city)CID phone_type number11 home 111-111111 business 222-222211 fax 222-353411 service 876-345622 home 111-458722 service 444-535333 home 111-256744 fax 333-8765

Phones(CID, phone_type, number)


Database Design: NormalizationFile: C05Vid.mdb


Notation

Table name

Primary key is underlined

Table columns

Customer (CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode)

CustomerID Phone LastName FirstName Address City State ZipCode1 502-666-7777 Johnson Martha 125 Main Street Alvaton KY 421222 502-888-6464 Smith Jack 873 Elm Street Bowling Green KY 421013 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 421714 502-333-9494 Adams Samuel 746 Brown Drive Alvaton KY 421225 502-474-4746 Rabitz Victor 645 White Avenue Bowling Green KY 421026 615-373-4746 Steinmetz Susan 15 Speedway Drive Portland TN 371487 615-888-4474 Lasater Les 67 S. Ray Drive Portland TN 371488 615-452-1162 Jones Charlie 867 Lakeside Drive Castalian Springs TN 370319 502-222-4351 Chavez Juan 673 Industry Blvd. Caneyville KY 4272110 502-444-2512 Rojo Maria 88 Main Street Cave City KY 42127


1st: Repeating

RentalForm(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode, (VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent ) )

Repeating Section

Causes duplication

TransID RentDate CustomerID LastName Phone Address VideoID Copy# Title Rent

1 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 1 2 2001: A Space Odyssey $1.501 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 6 3 Clockwork Orange $1.502 4/30/04 7 Lasater 615-888-4474 67 S. Ray Drive 8 1 Hopscotch $1.502 4/30/04 7 Lasater 615-888-4474 67 S. Ray Drive 2 1 Apocalypse Now $2.002 4/30/04 7 Lasater 615-888-4474 67 S. Ray Drive 6 1 Clockwork Orange $1.503 4/18/04 8 Jones 615-452-1162 867 Lakeside Drive 9 1 Luggage Of The Gods $2.503 4/18/04 8 Jones 615-452-1162 867 Lakeside Drive 15 1 Fabulous Baker Boys $2.003 4/18/04 8 Jones 615-452-1162 867 Lakeside Drive 4 1 Boy And His Dog $2.504 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 3 1 Blues Brothers $2.004 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 8 1 Hopscotch $1.504 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 13 1 Surf Nazis Must Die $2.504 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 17 1 Witches of Eastwick $2.00


First Normal

Customer Rentals

NamePhoneAddressCityStateZipCode

VideoID Copy# Title Rent1. 6 1 Clockwork Orange 1.502. 8 2 Hopscotch 1.503. 4. 5.

{Unused Space}

Not in First Normal Form


1st: SplitRentalForm(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode, (VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent ) )

RentalForm2(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode)

RentalLine(TransID, VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent )

TransID RentDate CustomerID Phone LastName FirstName Address City State ZipCode1 4/18/04 3 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 421712 4/30/04 7 615-888-4474 Lasater Les 67 S. Ray Drive Portland TN 371483 4/18/04 8 615-452-1162 Jones Charlie 867 Lakeside Drive Castalian Springs TN 370314 4/18/04 3 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 42171

RentalForm2

TransID VideoID Copy# Title Rent1 1 2 2001: A Space Odyssey $1.501 6 3 Clockwork Orange $1.502 8 1 Hopscotch $1.502 2 1 Apocalypse Now $2.002 6 1 Clockwork Orange $1.503 9 1 Luggage Of The Gods $2.503 15 1 Fabulous Baker Boys $2.003 4 1 Boy And His Dog $2.504 3 1 Blues Brothers $2.004 8 1 Hopscotch $1.504 13 1 Surf Nazis Must Die $2.504 17 1 Witches of Eastwick $2.00

RentalLineNote: replication

Note: replication


2nd Split

RentalLine(TransID, VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent )

VideosRented(TransID, VideoID, Copy# ) Videos(VideoID, Title, Rent )

TransID VideoID Copy#1 1 21 6 32 2 12 6 12 8 13 4 13 9 13 15 14 3 14 8 14 13 14 17 1

VideoID Title Rent1 2001: A Space Odyssey $1.502 Apocalypse Now $2.003 Blues Brothers $2.004 Boy And His Dog $2.505 Brother From Another Planet $2.006 Clockwork Orange $1.507 Gods Must Be Crazy $2.008 Hopscotch $1.50

Column depends on entire (whole) key.


3rd SplitRentalForm2(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode )

Rentals(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID )

Customers(CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode )

TransID RentDate CustomerID1 4/18/04 32 4/30/04 73 4/18/04 84 4/18/04 3

CustomerID Phone LastName FirstName Address City State ZipCode1 502-666-7777 Johnson Martha 125 Main Street Alvaton KY 421222 502-888-6464 Smith Jack 873 Elm Street Bowling Green KY 421013 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 421714 502-333-9494 Adams Samuel 746 Brown Drive Alvaton KY 421225 502-474-4746 Rabitz Victor 645 White Avenue Bowling Green KY 421026 615-373-4746 Steinmetz Susan 15 Speedway Drive Portland TN 371487 615-888-4474 Lasater Les 67 S. Ray DrivePortland TN 371488 615-452-1162 Jones Charlie 867 Lakeside Drive Castalian Springs TN 370319 502-222-4351 Chavez Juan 673 Industry Blvd. Caneyville KY 4272110 502-444-2512 Rojo Maria 88 Main Street Cave City KY 42127

Rentals

Customers


3NF Tables


DBMS Input ScreenText/Labels Data Variables

Scrolling Region/Subform

CommandButtons

Record Selectors - Subform - Main


DBMS Report Writer Report header Page header Break/Group header Detail Footers


Sample Report with Groups


Designing Menus for Users

1. Setup Choices2. Data Input3. Print Reports4. DOS Utilities5. Backups

Main Menu

Daily Sales ReportsFriday Sales MeetingMonthly Customer Letters

Quit

Customer Information

As a secretary, which menu is easier to understand?


Database Administration Database Administrator

Testing Backup Recovery Standards Access Controls


E-Business Databases E-business is transaction-based Databases support multiple users and protect

transactions Modern websites are driven by databases


E-Business Databases

Internet

Customer

Web Server

Web program script<HTML>Text<%Database connection%>

Order Form

DescriptionsPrices

Page request

Que

ries

and

data

Web page


Cases: Airlines


Cases: American AirlinesSouthwest Airlines

What is the company’s current status?

What is the Internet strategy?

How does the company use information technology?

What are the prospects for the industry?

www.americanair.com

www.iflyswa.com


Appendix: Building Forms in Access

Begin with the form wizard. Select everything from the Sale table.


Selecting Columns

Select additional data from the other tables. But be careful with key columns. For example, do not include the CustomerID from the Customer table or the ItemID from the Item table. Instead, use CustomerID from the Sale table and ItemID from the SaleItem table.


Form Wizard: First Pass

The wizard builds the Sale form with a sub form to enter multiple Items being sold. But it needs some work with layout.


Form Design View

In design view, you can move the labels and boxes to make the form easier to read. Then, delete the original CustomerID box and use the wizard to add a Combo box to let users select a customer from a list.

1. Lookup values

2. Customer table

3. CustomerID, LastName, FirstName, Phone

4. Store value in: CustomerID


Form Design: Sub Form and SubTotal

Edit the subform and add a Combo box for ItemID. Delete the Description box. Add an ItemValue text box to multiply Quantity * List Price. Add a text box to compute the subtotal [=Sum([Quantity]*[ListPrice])]. Be sure to set the correct names and formats in the property window.


Sale Form

The final sale form adds a text box that copies the subtotal from the sub form to the main form. Just add a text box and set its value to

=[SaleItem Subform].[Form].[SubTotal]

and set its name and format properties.

introduction to mis1 copyright © 1998-2002 by jerry post introduction to mis chapter 6 database...

Documents

data stable data programs

programming data

data manipulation

access slide

mis11 sql introduction

transaction data reports

control data collection

jerry post introduction