Introduction to Linguistics

Second Meeting:Linguistics And Language

Edi BrataMathla’ul Anwar University Banten

It is scientific study of language.

What is Linguistics?

Scientific study of language, you think this?

Science Vs. Knowledge

Systematic inquiry

Experiences

Systematic Inquiry

Th

eore

tical

Deductive

Em

pir

ical

Inductive

Naturally, human have language. Why does it needs to be learnt scientifically?

Naturally, human have eyes, but why do people need to learn eyes scientifically? Then, why do we have eyes’ doctor?

Linguist

Linguistics Traditional

Grammar

• Linguistics is descriptive not prescriptive• Linguist regard the spoken language as primary,

not written• Linguistics does not force into a Latin-based

framework• Traditional grammar tends to use logic

How does linguistics differ from traditional grammar?

The Scope of Linguistics

The Scope of Linguistics

General Linguistics Vs. Specific LinguisticsSynchronic Vs. Diachronic

Micro Linguistics Vs. Macro Linguistics

Theoretical Vs. Applied

WHY SHOULD WE CARE?

o Because we need diversityo Because languages express identityo Because languages are repositories of

historyo Because languages contribute to the sum

of human knowledgeo Because languages are interesting in

themselves

LANGUAGE:The Object of Linguistics

A system of arbitrary, vocal symbols which permits all people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture , to communicate or to interact (Finochario, 1974:3 in Alwasilah, 1993:82). What is

language?

Language is the method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way (Kwary, 2009). What is

language?

A system of arbitrary vocal symbol used for human communication.What is

language?

The Concept of Language

De Saussure (1916):o Lange (English, Malaya,

Sundanese)o Langage (Human differs from

Animal) o Parole (Sounds)

LANGUAGE: THE OBJECT OF LINGUISTICS

Langage

Lange

Parole

THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE:TRADITIONAL THEORY

o Human origin is language origin (Fromkin and Rodman, 1983:26).

o Divine Origin Theory (Fromkin and Rodman, 1983:17; Alwasilah: 1993:1).

o Organic Phase Theory (Alwasilah: 1993:2)1. Pooh-pooh Theory (Charles Darwin) - Emotional

Expression

2. Dingdong/ Nativistic Theory (Max Muller) – Natural

3. Yo-he-ho Theory – Social Interactivity

4. Bow-wow / Onomatopoetic/ Echoic Theory – Come from Nature

5. La-la Theory – Romantic

6. Gesture Theory - Gesture before Speech

THE ORIGIN OF LANGUAGE:MODERN APPROACH

o Human and language growth together (Alwasilah, 1993:5).

o Human is the perfect creature (Alwasilah, 1993:6).

Thank Youhttp://edibrata.net