introduction to journalism (basic news)-0.ppt

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Introduction

toJournalism

Inverted Pyramid &

Journalism Vocabulary



What is News?

An account of an event, or a fact or an

opinion that interests people.

A presentation of current events Anything that enough people want to read is

news, provided it meets the standards of

“good taste” and isn’t libelous.



What makes News “News”?:

6 main reasons

1. Proimity: Location. Location. Location. f the

event is happening close by, it will have a greater

impact on your readers.

!. "imeliness: f something is happening !"#, ithas more impact on the reader. $he most recent

development in a story can be used as a #eature.

$. Prominence: f the people in the story are well

%nown, the story will have more impact on the

reader. &ost people are not as impacted if the

story involves people they do not %now.



What makes News “News”?:

6 main reasons

%. on#lict: 'eaders are interested in rivalries,

arguments, fights, and disagreements.

'. Novelty: f something is unusual, original, or

uni(ue, readers want to %now what it is and why ithappened.

(. )uman Interest: f the story evo%es )inspires*

emotion in the reader such as anger, sadness, or

happiness, the reader will have a greater

connection with the story and the story will have a

greater impact.



*asic News +e,ortin-

&ost news stories are written in a very

concise way in order to pac% as much

information into every line on the page.

n +ournalism, space is of a premium so your

writing must lend itself to this medium or

form.

$he simplest and most common structure ofthis %ind of writing is called the Inverted

Pyramid.



nverted yramid

$o understand what the -inverted pyramid- name means, picturean upsidedown triangle one with the narrow tip pointingdownward and the broad base pointing upward.

$he broad base represents the most newsworthy information inthe news story, and the narrow tip represents the leastnewsworthy information in the news story.

ost

Newsworthy

/east Newsworthy



nverted yramid

#hen you write a story in inverted pyramid

format, you put the most newsworthy

information at the beginning of the story and

the least newsworthy information at the end.

#hy does this format lend itself well to

+ournalism, especially news reporting/



Why does the Inverted Pyramid

lend itsel# well to 0ournalism?

t gets the point of the story to the reader inthe fastest way possible.

t provides the facts without all of the “fluff” ofnormal writing.

t lends itself to (uic% editing of story length.

0ven if you cut off the last few sentences of a story inthis format to fit in a column on a page, the story is stillcomplete. t only lac%s some of the specifics.



Inverted Pyramid ercise

reate an inverted ,yramid story #rom the

#ollowin- video cli,. "ry to write down as

many ,ertinent #acts as ,ossible.



reate a 2act 3heet

"ne basic form is +ust using the 1w’s and 2 as

shown below:

Who What When Where Why )ow

4se this #orm to create a #act sheet #or the

,revious in#ormation.



"he /ead

$o write an invertedpyramid story from the

facts, you first would write a lead that

summari3es the most important information.

$his summary should attempt to answer all

1w’s 4 2 )#ho, #hat, #hen, #here, #hy, and 2ow*

5oes your Lead answer all 1#’s 4 2/ f not, revise.




$he net graf or paragraph of the story

should pic% up on some element of the lead

and elaborate on it. "ne way is to elaborate about the victim, so your

net sentence would give details about him.

$ry to create your net sentence. 7eep

referring to your fact sheet. Avoid repeating facts because space is at a

premium or vary valuable.




0ach graf must have a logical connection to thepreceding graf.

$hese lin%s are called "ransitions, and they8re essential to%eeping the -flow- of the story smooth and logical.

Also, each graf must be very short, usually only one ortwo sentences long. All 0nglish instructors, li%e myself, rightly hammer into your

head that paragraphs in an essay should be 19 sentences. nnews writing, though, grafs are %ept short. Why?

. ;hort grafs add punchiness.<. $hey also loo% better when typeset into a long, s%inny column in a

newspaper.



Inverted Pyramid ercise !

$a%e notes )=ollect >acts* and then write up

a new fact sheet for a story from your life. $ry to ma%e sure each of the 1#’s 4 2 have

about ? details.



Vocabulary

'W53 & ) $he essentials of any story: who, what,when, where, why, and how

*67/IN ndicates who wrote the story@ oftenincludes the writer8s title

8P"I9N $he portion of the layout which eplainswhat is happening in a photograph. Also calledcutlines. "ften includes a photo credit.

:I"9+ 2as overall responsibility for the publication

:I"9+I8/ A type of story which serves to epressan opinion and encourage the reader to ta%e someaction

")I3 A standard of conduct based on moralbeliefs



Vocabulary

28" A statement that can be proven. !ot anopinion

28"4+ A story written with some interpretationthat goes beyond +ust reporting the facts

2/8; $he name of the paper that usually appearsat the top of page one

;+82 A paragraph in news writing. $hese areoften short, around <? sentences.

)8+ A form of headline consisting of a fewvery large words over a smaller subheadline

)8:/IN Large type designed to summari3e astory and grab the reader8s attention



Vocabulary

)48N IN"+3" An element of news that includespeople or events with which the audience can identify@stories that are +ust interesting

INV+": P6+8I: A style of writing most commonlyapplied to news stories in which the most important factsappear early in the story and less important facts later inthe story

<I<+ A short )one or two word* statement at the

beginning of a caption that serves to grab the reader8sattention /8: $he beginning of the story which serves to

summari3e the story andor grab the reader8s attention



Vocabulary

/I*/ #ritten defamation@ damaging false statementsagainst another person or institution that are in writing orare spo%en from a written script

=49"8"I9N A statement made by another personincluded in a published story. A direct (uotation is eactlywhat the person said and appears inside (uotationmar%s. An indirect (uote is a paraphrase of what aperson said and does not appear in (uotes.

+VIW A form of editorial written to comment on a play,movie, piece of music or some other creative wor% 3/8N:+ ;po%en defamation@ damaging false

statements against another person or institution that arespo%en

introduction to journalism (basic news)-0.ppt

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