introduction to japanese language and culture prof. mrs ... filethen we have watashi wa kotoshi...
TRANSCRIPT
Introduction to Japanese Language and CultureProf. Mrs. Vatsala Misra
Indian Institute of Technology-Kanpur
Lecture-26Sensei wa watashi ni hon o kuremashita (My teacher gave me a book)
(Refer Slide Time: 00:16)
Hello everybody and welcome to the class today. In our previous classes we have been doing a
lot of things we have done ageru, morau sashiageru and (FL) and also last time we did about
(FL) we learnt about this very nice festival in Japan (FL) gatsu what they eat there what all
things they make, how they use phrases over there in (FL) what all they say what is the action.
So, well today also we will talk a little about (FL) gatsu.
We will also talk about another very interesting and very popular festival of Japan and of course
we will do something new today related to ageru, (FL) ageru (FL) and morau and something else
as well. So, well before I actually start telling you something today, something new.
(Refer Slide Time: 01:28)
We will do the assignments as I always do, so well open your assignments sheets and let us see
what is there. Well the first one is match group A with group B and make proper sentences as I
have been doing all along with you. The first one is kuruma no naka ni dare ga imasu ka, so well
naka over here can also be removed and kuruma ni dare ga imasu ka can be used. Anata wa
shumatsu ni nani o shitai desu ka.
Then we have watashi wa kotoshi kazoku to ryoko o shimasu over here to is given you can use
watashi wa kazoku to (FL) ni ryoko o shimashu that makes it very clear you can remove the (FL)
and also put the (FL) over there whichever you feel comfortable. Kaidan no soba ni jitensha ga
arimasu ni and ga is a pattern and you state something with that. Ginko wa ano takai tatemono
desu, ano over here again is used because can you tell me why.
Well because the subject is known to the listener and the speaker. Then anata wa donna shosetsu
o yomitai desu ka, donna which type of. Rao san wa swngetsu hikkoshi o shimashita because of
sengetsu shimashita is use time expression in the past. Tanaka san wa hachi ji ni kaerimashita
(FL) ji ni kaerimashita after time ni particle will be used as we have been doing all along. Kino
tomodachi to ishooni again you can leave or you can use omoshiroi eiga o mimashita.
And we have ryoshin wa Indo ni imasu over here you can see if it was a question Ryoshin wa
Indo ni imasu ka then go-ryoshin would have been used because it is about someone else’s
parents. Over here it is Ryoshin and a statement Ryoshin wa Indo nii imasu thus it is my parents.
(Refer Slide Time: 04:40)
Now the second one is look at the pictures and use ageru, morau, sashiageru and itadaku you
have done these this is in plain form in dictionary form let us see what it is you can see this
picture this lady she has received something from someone it could be her husband, so let us see,
shujin ni omiyage o moratta over here because it is her husband and she is talking, thinking thus
it is shujin, if someone else’s to talk about her husband it has to be go-shujin.
Then again he is giving something let us see what he is giving well tanaka san is giving his
telephone number to mariko san, mariko san ni denwa bango o ageta. Then we have this
gentleman over here he is receiving or could be giving something if he remove this arrow from
here. So, well what is it sensei ni itadaita received from sensei because of the arrow the arrow is
pointing towards him and if we remove the arrow then sensei ni agemashita or sashiagemashita
as it should be in case of your teacher.
Then we have someone giving something at the post office this sign over here is for post office.
So, what is it okaasan ni agemasu this gentleman is thinking I will give or send this to my
okaasan to my mother, so okaasan ni agemasu. Then what is this somebody is getting married
and then we have a car over here and let us see what it says kanai ni kuruma o ageta, kanai is
wife, so watashi is not written over here kanai ni to my wife kuruma o agemashita, I give.
So, I hope you got this agemashita, itadakimashita, moraimashita, sashiagemashita properly
correctly without any mistake.
(Refer Slide Time: 07:29)
Now in this third one we have match words in group A with kanji characters in group B we have
these words over here and we have the kanji characters let us see what it is takai, shiroi and you
can see shiroi over here is very similar to nichi except for that stroke on top. Sensei, tokidoki and
this character or this symbol signifies the shows that this is what is being repeated over here, the
same (FL) or the same reading is being repeated.
Shogatsu, yasumi, hidari-te, migi-ashi and in the end we have iriguchi, now you will see iriguchi
is very similar to hito but there is a slight difference you have this stroke here on top of course it
is not a stroke as such but just to separate it or make it a little different from hito which is a
straight line this bo has been given.
(Refer Slide Time: 09:26)
Now this one is fill in the blanks with proper verb forms well let us see what it is, the clue is
given over here in English and you are suppose to write it in Japanese okaasan nani o tabetai
desu ka. Then we have watashi wa sensei ni jisho o moraimashita, then we have ke-ki wa ooishii
kara kodomo ni agetai. Bucho ni wain o agemashita, ashita kaisha e ikimasen not go because of
ashita.
Then Rao san wa tomodachi ni shatsu o ageta, Rao san gave to his friend, kanai ni saifu o
moratta received from my wife. So, watashi wa kanai ni saifu o moratta, jikan nai kara
tomodachi ni aimasen, jikan is time nai kara is no time I do not have time thus tomodachi ni
aimasen and ni over here is for aimasen verb aimas will always take particle ni. Watashi wa
mainichi sentaku o shimasu, sentaku is washing.
Watashi wa ichi-nichi ni ni-kai ha o migakimasu, migakimasu means to brush or to polish, so
kutsu o migakimasu ha o migakimasu, ichi-nichi ni ni-kai you have done kai, kai means number
of times and activity is perform. So, ichi-nichi ni ni-kai twice in a day ha o migakimasu, well that
finish is your assignments your sukudai I hope you all did it properly and correctly last time I
had also given you a way small sukudai about o-shogatsu.
We had done shogatsu, we had talked about shogatsu seen pictures, so I had asked you to collect
some more material on shogatsu well I also collected some again.
(Refer Slide Time: 12:55)
And the phrase that I gave you was akemashite omedeto gozaimasu kotoshi mo yoroshiko
onegaishimasu well you are already know the meaning what this means, what this means now
over here there is a new word for you the phrase is the same.
(Refer Slide Time: 13:33)
There is a new word shinnen right on top you can see, so shinnen means shi means new and nen
mean year, so a very very nice year for you I congratulate you I wish you all the best in the
coming year and please let us continue our association or friendship in this year as well and one
thing you have to see over here in the picture which is given you have to pay attention to where
your hands are when you are saying this.
It should be straight and not anywhere you want you have to bow and then you have to say
shinnen akemashiite omedeto gozaimasu. Kotoshi mo yoroshiku onegaishimasu and then the
answer will be the same thing again repeated by the other person. So, well you should keep that
in mind and all this is for festivity.
(Refer Slide Time: 14:38)
You can read more over here about Oshagatsu one interest thing is that Oshogatsu time which
starts around the twenty eighth of December. And continues on till the fourth or fifth January
there is a small party which is mentioned over here it is a (FL) which is the year ending party
which all Japanese celebrate with friends and family to set o fsay good bye to the year which has
gone and remember the year with friends and family and welcome the new year on o-shogatsu
day.
So, there is something about bonenkai you can read about it later and also something very
interesting in Japan is during new year what you do first has great meaning, for example when
you go to office first time when you meet people first time when you smile or enjoy or laugh, the
first time see the sunrise on new year day go to a shrine all these things are very very important.
Because that is what you do first time in the new year and it is a time of relaxation as is given
over here enjoyment strength and family and basically just enjoying with everyone. So, that is
shogatsu for you, you can look up the net you can see pictures and read what customs and
practices are done what food is made, what are the special things they do on new year day.
(Refer Slide Time: 16:41)
Now there is something new over here this is a new word tokidoki which means sometimes there
is a small conversation here between A and B tanaka san to or A san to B san no kaiwa desu
watashi wa (FL) omimasukara (FL). Tanaka san mainichi uchi de ban gohan o tabemasu ka, hai,
mainichi uchi de tabemasu that is one answer which you have done you can also say iie, mainichi
uchi de tabemasen.
This also you have done which means no I do not eat everyday at home, now there could be
another answer using this simple word over here it could be tokidoki tabemasu.
(Refer Slide Time: 17:45)
Hai, tabemasu, iie tabemasen and then tokidoki a new word for you tokidoki meaning sometimes
tokidoki tabemasu. For example mainichi eiga o mimasu ka, tokidoki mimasu, hai mainichi
mimasu, iie mainichi mimasen or tokidoki mimasu. So, you have the practice over here in place
of tanaka san you can any of these words given in place uchi which is a place you could use
shokudo, kafeteria, restoran, tomodachi no uchi.
And then in place of tabemasu a verb you can use nomimasu, nemasu, mimasu any of these
verbs but remember the vocabulary has to be related you cannot use something for tabemasu
which is to be used for watching for mimasu for nomimasu or for ikimasu. So, please the
vocabulary has to be connected. For example sensei mainichi shokude gohan o tabemasu ka, iie
tokidoki tabemasu.
Taro kun mainichi kafeteria de (FL) o nomimasu ka, hai mainichi kafeteria de gohi o nomimasu.
So, you can try practicing this with your partner at home but please do it loudly.
(Refer Slide Time: 19:31)
Now we have been doing verbs in plain form, we have done dictionary form, we have done the
past form, past plain form, we have done the negative form, now today we will do the negative
past.
(Refer Slide Time: 19:55)
We have done iku, itta, ikanai these are the 3 that we have done today we will do ikanakatta,
Now how do you make ikanakatta, simple yomanai, nomanai, ikanai remove the i from here
yomanakatta, nomanakatta and ikanakatta that makes it past negative plain. So, it is very simple
not difficult at all, all you need to do is get used to the sound, you can repeat after me now and
we will practice right here.
(Refer Slide Time: 21:03)
Ikimasen deshita, ikana katta, Kaerimasen deshita, kaeranakatta, aimasen deshita, awanakatta,
kaimasen deshita, kawanakatta, migakimasen deshita, migakanakatta, hanashimasen deshita,
hanasanakatta, akimasen deshita, kakanakatta, kikmasen deshita, kikanakatta, arimasen deshita,
and it is nakatta. So, please you will notice somewhere there is a (FL) somewhere there is an S
only instead of i so, well these are all exceptions.
And slowly you will understand how these exceptions are made. So, well we will do that now
you could you could do that at home and we will go ahead with our lesson.
(Refer Slide Time: 22:46)
(Refer Slide Time: 22:50)
Listen to this radio dialogue and let us see how much you have understood (FL).
(Refer Slide Time: 23:16)
Well how is it did you understand I am sure you did well let us see I will read it out once and
then explain Kore wa omoshiroi shosetsu desu ka, So desu Omoshiroi desu yo, Doko de
kaimashita ka, kaimasen deshita, Sensei ni itadakimashita, Itsu desu ka, Watashi no tanjobi ni
sensei ga watashi ni kono hon o kuremashita. So, there are a few new things over here most of it
you have done there is a new word kuremashita that is what we are going to do today.
We have done ageru, morau, itadaku and sashiageru, now we will do kureru and (FL) today, how
it is to be done, how it is to be used well we will see right away.
(Refer Slide Time: 24:17)
This is in the script you can see and this is the translation.
(Refer Slide Time: 24:22)
May not be literal translation because it may change the meaning it is what you would say in
English.
(Refer Slide Time: 24:36)
Well kudasaru and kureru, now you can read what is written over there.
(Refer Slide Time: 24:46)
But A gives to B, A wa B ni ageru, A wa B kara morau, A wa B ni sashiageru, A wa B ni itadaku.
So, you can see your position is very very clear sashiageru and itadaku or polite for ageru and
morau, now there is a new word over here kureru and kudasaru what happens with that let us see.
(Refer Slide Time: 25:41)
That is exactly what is given A wa B ni hon o ageru, A wa B kara hon o morau and then what do
we have over here, we have B wa A ni hon o kureru. So, now what happens in this your position
is here B is over here higher in rank, higher in older age, rank, position everything much above
view higher and you are placed over here or a formal situation and when someone gives
something to you over here, then it is kureru, is that alright please remember.
A wa B ni ageru, A wa B ni sashiageru, A wa B kara morau, A wa B kara itadaku, now over here
A is the subject over here B is your subject and B wa A ni kureru, B gives to A that is the only
difference over here all along A has been the subject over here B becomes the subject and we are
talking about what B is giving A. So, please that is very important with kureru and kudasaru,
sensei wa watashi ni hon o kuremashita. Sensei gave a book to ni, so sensei is the subject over
here and please you will see now what it is.
(Refer Slide Time: 27:33)
This is what you have done so far and this is what are going to do now B over here A over here.
So, naturally B is a little higher older in age, higher in rank in position could be your boss culd
be your teacher, could be someone you have met for the first time and what is it B gives
something to A and it is kureru or kudasaru, B wa A ni kureru or kudasaru, B gives to A. So,
please remember with kureru and kudasaru (FL) always someone senior, older is giving
something to someone junior.
(Refer Slide Time: 28:27)
Now you can practice kureru and kudasaru look at the picture over here, there is this gentleman
and a lady and he is giving something to her, so let us see what it is. Tanaka san wa watashi ni
purezento o kuremashita from this lady side he is giving something to her thus tanaka san wa
watashi ni purezento o kuremashita formal situation. Over here he is giving money, so well
tanaka san watashi ni okane o kuremashita.
He is giving money to me or gave money to me, what is there in the third picture well we have
tanaka san again looking at his passport probably he is going out. So, well let us see what it is
Otosan wa watashi ni hikoki no kippu o kuremashita Otosan is my father, Otosan wa watashi ni
hikoki is plain kippu is ticket o kuremashita gave it to me.
(Refer Slide Time: 29:49)
So, well you can practice now we just did kureru and kudasaru you can practice it now with
these words here. Otousen sensei, okane jisho hon, and of course you have kureru and kudasaru
here so, you can make difference combinations for example otousan wa watashi ni hon o kure
mashita. So, obviously you can see when someone gives something to you you place yourself
your position where it is.
It is lower and thus kureru and over here with kudasaru it is humble you are accepting something
very, very humbly from someone whose senior to you or older in age position rank and thus
sensei wa watashi ni jisho o kure mashita. So, well you can use these over here you can see
otousan wa watashi ni tokei o kuremashita and sensei wa watashi ni jibiki or jisho o kuremashita.
So, well you can use kureru and kudasaru in this manner.
(Refer Slide Time: 31:48)
Now I am sure now you have understood all the 6 (FL) so, please try to practice it with your
friends with your partner and please whenever you are practicing do it loudly. Now in one of our
previous lessons.
(Refer Slide Time:32:20)
We did tai form verb+ tai means I want to do something whatever the verb is saying well
negative is takunai I do not want to do as the verb is saying for example watashi wa (FL). So,
well we will do takunai over here there is a small conversation between otousan okasan and (FL)
and let us see what they are saying Nani o tabemasho ka.
Watashi wa tempura o tabetai, Kino tabeta kara ima tabetakunai, nani o tabemasu ka, Supageti o
tabetai, ja supageti o tabemasho. I am sure this is understood over here tempura is a new word,
tempura is a Japanese dish a very popular dish in Japan and generally foreigners love this dish
very much. So, well nani o tabemasu ka what shall we have watashi wa tempura o tabetai I want
to have tempura is what the mother says kino tabeta kara ima tabetakunai.
Kodo dmo i saying child is saying I had it yesterday so, I do not want to have it now nani o
tabemasu ka. Supageti o tabetai ja, supageti o tabemasho so, let us all have supageti. So, you can
replace tabemasu with any other verb that you want it could be different situation completely.
You could replace it with nomimasu and then have the conversation over here. You could replace
tempura with pizza.
You could says soba, Indo ryouri, burger or ba-ga- as it is said in Japanese udon or pasta soba,
udon or two Japanese dishes where soba is thin noodles and udon is very very thick noodles in
clear soup. And then you can have this conversation practice it with your partner it a simple
conversation easy to do and learn.
(Refer Slide Time: 35:16)
Now we have some pictures for you over here and let us see what the pictures are all about you
can see someone on the phone. And you have to practice takunai that is I do not want to do
whatever the verb is saying. So, well denwa o shitai shitakunai now what is this person doing
over here plain so, asobitakunai asobitakunai then we have these two people talking
hanashitakunai or it could also be hanashitai depending on what you want to say.
Gentleman is relaxing over here so, what is the verb can you tell me the verb well it is yasumitao
or yasumita kunai I do not want to relax or I want to take off or relax or take a break. Then
someone is just about to have tea well ko-hi o nomitai or nomitakunai and then we have someone
just about to start eating. So, well what is the verb for eating tabetai tabemasu and gohan o
tabetai or tabetakunai whichever way you want to take.
So, you can practice like this all other verbs with or without picturesyou can practice saying
whatever the verb in tai form and in takunai form with your partner. You could ask asobitai desu
ka (FL) or (FL).
(Refer Slide Time: 37:45)
(Refer Slide Time: 37:49)
Now I have been doing katakana with you we have been practicing katakana how o write
katakana we will do that again some we have done some we have to do let us see what we have
here today well we have the ka series here and you can see how it is written how slanting it is
where to put your pen first and how to make the stroke how angularities ka.
(Refer Slide Time: 38:27)
And you can see well then we have ki.
(Refer Slide Time: 38:32)
The first one is small the second one is little longer and then it is straight ki
(Refer Slide Time: 38:44)
Ku and remember it does not touch like this it is just like this it is just half way ku.
(Refer Slide Time: 38:55)
And then we have k and the stroke order is important so, please do not forget the stroke order
remember the stroke order k and then we have a simple.
(Refer Slide Time: 39:09)
Ko after that so, ko is 1 and 2 and not 1 and 2 like this please remember that is also important for
all kanji characters also this stroke is 1.
(Refer Slide Time: 39:31)
So, now you can see it is write here and front all the stroke order is given properly.
(Refer Slide Time: 39:42)
Now is we always do after our syllables practice of syllables of katakana and hiragana we do
kanji characters.
(Refer Slide Time: 39:56)
So, well let u see what we have here to do we have kau which is to buy kau is a simple character.
(Refer Slide Time: 40:11)
We have done eye if you remember like this so, well turn it 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 then we have another
eye over here 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. And then we have 2 lines over here in the end which makes it kau.
So, let us see how many strokes to it 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and then we have 11 and 12. So,
we have 12 strokes to this character which is kau and you can see 12 strokes over here. How it is
coming to being we will do once we are through with this kanjis section. Let us see what is the
next one it is takai or ko well.
(Refer Slide Time: 41:26)
There are more readings to this character kau but we will only do one reading for here for the
time being to bu which kau the second character that we have over here is takai 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, 9 and 10. So, this is a 10 stroke character you can see over here takai as you can see 10 strokes
I will write it once again for you once again 1, 2, 3, 4,, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. So, 10 stroke
character meaning takai meaning hai meaning expensive. Now how is how have these characters
come into being is.
(Refer Slide Time: 42:40)
You can see from here when you go shopping you have a small bag in hand generally and you
have fish in it. So, well all the net over here. All this over here all this over here is from the bag
which has the net and you can see a fish in it that is how kaimasu has come into being and you
can see this stroke order over here. How it is to be made.
(Refer Slide Time: 43:20)
Then we have takai and you can see from the house here how takai has come into being well in
olden times generally huts where there. And anybody having a room on top o fthe house would
be considered a big house. So, well that is how takai came into being a double storied house was
considered very very big large in ancient times. So, that i show takai height or expensive came
into being the stroke order is given over here. You can practice it at home.
(Refer Slide Time: 44:16)
Now I have been doing festivals of Japan with you important festivals, interesting festivals. And
today also I have something very interesting this festival is a community festival is a social
festival. It has lot of importance and it is practiced by young and old since ancient times and is
still practiced here in Japan even now. So, well what is the festival let us see.
(Refer Slide Time: 44:58)
Bean throwing festival or setsubun so, you can repeat it after me it is setsubun or the bean
throwing festival of course you will know why it is called the bean throwing festival. Setsubun is
actually change of season sesubun marks the change marks the period or time when the season
changes from may be winter to bto spring or spring to summer or summer to winter again or
autumn.
And then autumn to winter so, in ancient times this setsubun was celebrated 4 times in a year.
But now it has some (FL) associated with spring time only and it is celebrated only in spring
time. Why I have taken up setsubun is because we did (FL) last time which is in January which is
the first of January and now setsubun which is spring time or just a day before spring is in
February. It is celebrated in February generally falling now on the third or the fourth of February.
(Refer Slide Time: 46:29)
So, you can read a lot of things over here lot of things are written it is also call (FL) and on this
day roasted soya bean is thrown outside of the house something is enchanted. The words that I
enchanted are oni wa soto and fuku wa uchi. This is chanted all the time and you just take soya
beans roasted beans in a bowl. And you throw it outside of your house now oni means or evil and
soto means outside.
Fuku means good fortune and uchi means house as you of already done so, oni wa soto means to
get read of all the evil, all the negativity, all the negative feelings, negativity of the house , all ill
fortune from the house and throw it outside and get all good fortune, all positivity in the house.
Fuku means positivity fuku means good fortune. So, all is given over here everything is listed
and this was actually celebrated by all in ancient times.
And the master of the house, the lord of the house would actually on setsubun day try to on
setsubun day would take some mame.
(Refer Slide Time: 48:30)
Go to the shrine pray to the gods and then come and throw these mame come and throw these
soya beans out of the house. And it would be a feeling of happiness why because after a harsh
winter people would be meeting each other. People would be celebrating they would be enjoying
all the food once again the sunshine once again. And they would be general festivity and around.
So, well that is exactly what was done at that time.
(Refer Slide Time: 49:05)
And one interesting thing that was custom that was followed of practice that was done was it was
believe that oni or the demiens do not like sardines. Because it is smells a lot and thus sardine
heads where roasted sardine heads of placed outside of the house to ward of evil to keep evil
away to keep ill fortune away from the house. And to to welcome positivity, to welcome good
fortune in the house.
So, this is how it was placed it was kept in Japan it was decorated like this to ward o fevil
basically all diseases from the house would be removed by doing this. The house is well cleaned
that time and generally it is as we can understand generally changes of season brings diseases,
brings problems. So, at that time to keep your house clean to clean up to to do all kinds of things
like this could be actually very good for the people of the house.
Now during setsubun or on that day generally fortune beans as this beans are called eho maki or
these rolls are made these beans are roasted. They are eaten and they are enjoyed by all and
especially these sardines are these fish are eaten and enjoyed by the family. And of course as you
can see fortune beans as they are called good luck. It is customary to eat roasted soya beans for
each year of once life and one for good luck.
And eating sushi rolls also big big custom on setsubun day important part over here is that these
rolls.
(Refer Slide Time: 51:14)
These rice rolls or sushi as they are called are eaten that day sitting in the direction of the god of
fortune and happiness. If face the direction where the god of happiness in fortune is and eat these
rolls thinking that good fortune will come to you.
(Refer Slide Time: 51:38)
Children throw roasted soya beans like this at each other at try to set of play an denjoy chanting
all the time fortune in an evil out.
(Refer Slide Time: 51:57)
And of course what the children do is that one person in the family could be wearing a demons
mask or an evil mask. And all the others would be running around the house throwing beans at
him and set of playing in this manner. So, it is basically a community feeling of enjoyment of
gatty of being together just enjoy being together. And that happen is is what is shown over here
in this picture.
(Refer Slide Time: 52:28)
Well we been talking about oni all the time.
(Refer Slide Time: 52:33)
And the oni bad and evil and negative and all the time very grumpy so, well taht is a small
kotowaza or proverb are saying in Japan. And of course we all know that saying that appearance
is can be disruptive and even stern looking people vey mean looking people bad people also have
a kind spot in their heart. They can also be very very kind so, the saying is oni no me ni mo
namida ga aru namida is tears.
So,oni no mae mae means eyes ni namida ga aru even onis can cry even demons can cry even
demons have a good good spots somewhere in their heart. They can be nice once in a while so,
generally appearances can be deceptive it is not necessary that all the time people who are
looking very mean or looking very stern or angry or all the time very very mean or negative. So,
well this was one one saying for the oni we have been talking about oni so much. So, well that
what it is.
(Refer Slide Time: 53:52)
And in the end we have shukudai for you my work is over I have taught you whatever we
supposed to do in this lesson. Now it is your time to practice what has been taught so, that is
shukudai for you the is work for you.
(Refer Slide Time: 54:12)
Circle the correct spellings.
(Refer Slide Time: 54:18)
Then we have look at these pictures and ask price using kore, kono, koko, dare, ikura which we
have one in our previous lessons list the price ask your friends to small kaiwa.
(Refer Slide Time: 54:36)
And then we have these kanji characters over here some pictures for you just match kanji
characters with a pictures given.
(Refer Slide Time: 54:52)
And then the words are given over here you have to see and tick the correct reading given.
(Refer Slide Time: 55:06)
Well let us see what else to we have make proper questions to fit the answers given below. So,
you have to read the small kaiwa and read the answer and then write the question word over
here.
(Refer Slide Time: 55:28)
And fill in the blanks with appropriate verbs or verb forms.
(Refer Slide Time: 55:37)
Now we have pictures for you over here couple of pictures are given look at the pictures
carefully and then it is a listening comprehension. So, please listen to what is being said and then
answer the questions. So, well let us see what it is (FL).
(Refer Slide Time: 57:01)
So, well this is a small listening comprehension so, please listen to it carefully and then answer
the questions given over here. The new words used in the comprehension listening passage are
listed over here, with a meaning which will help you answer these questions and whatever you
are not able to answer find difficult. We will do it in our next lesson so, well now you can
practice at home and till our next lessons thank you very much (FL).
(Refer Slide Time: 57:44)