introduction to define cylinder

8/6/2019 Introduction to Define Cylinder

1/19

Design Principle

1

ContentsIntroduction to define cylinder: ............................................................................................................... 2

Cylinder ................................................................................................................................................... 5

PISTON ..................................................................................................................................................... 6

WRIST PINE ................................................................................................................................................ 9

Connecting road .................................................................................................................................... 10

Girth ...................................................................................................................................................... 11

Crank shaft ............................................................................................................................................ 12

Flowchart .............................................................................................................................................. 19


2/19

Design Principle

2

Introduction to define cylinder:

As you see in below a cylinder component of 9 parts:

C: Crankshaft

R: Connecting rod

P: Piston

W: Cooling water ducts

V: Valves. Red: exhaust, Blue: intake

S: Spark plug

E: Exhaust valve cam shaft

I: Scavenge air valve cam shaft


3/19

Design Principle

3

Initially we need to know what a cylinder is.

Acylinderis the central working part of a reciprocating engine, the space in which a

piston travels. Multiple cylinders are commonly arranged side by side in a bank, or

engine block, which is typically cast from aluminum oriron before precision features aremachined into it. The cylinders may then be lined with sleeves orliners of some harder

metal, or given a wear-resistant coating such as Nikasil. Ceramic linings have also been

tried, so far unsuccessfully, except with low-speed "oilless" steam engines. A cylinder's

displacement, orsweptvolume, is its cross-sectional area (the square of half the bore

times pi ) times the distance the piston travels within the cylinder (the stroke). The

engine displacementis the swept volume of one cylinder times the number of cylinders

in the engine.

I described 3 important parts of cylinder in below (as our assignment asked):

Apiston is a component ofreciprocating engines, pumps and gas compressors. It is

located in a cylinderand is made gas-tight by piston rings. In an engine, its purpose is

to transfer force from expanding gas in the cylinder to the crankshaft via a piston rod

and/orconnecting rod. In a pump, the function is reversed and force is transferred from

the crankshaft to the piston for the purpose of compressing or ejecting the fluid in the

cylinder. In some engines, the piston also acts as a valve by covering and uncovering

ports in the cylinder wall.

The crankshaft, sometimes casually abbreviated to crank, is the part of an engine

which translates reciprocatinglinearpiston motion into rotation. To convert the

reciprocating motion into rotation, the crankshaft has "crank throws" or "crank pins",

additional bearing surfaces whose axis is offset from that of the crank, to which the "big

ends" of the connecting rods from each cylinder attach.

It typically connects to a flywheel, to reduce the pulsation characteristic of the four-

stroke cycle, and sometimes a torsional or vibrational damper at the opposite end, to

reduce the torsion vibrations often caused along the length of the crankshaft by the

cylinders farthest from the output end acting on the torsional elasticity of the metal

In a reciprocating piston engine, the connecting rod orconrod connects the pistonto the crank orcrankshaft. rotary motion to reciprocating motion was made possible

by the connecting the crankshaft to the connecting rod.


4/19

Design Principle

4

This is my cylinder that I made whit auto desk inverter as you can see in below:

I will explain about my cylinder in next pages and I totally described how I made this.


5/19

Design Principle

5

Cylinder

For draw a cylinder I needed to draw 2 circles.1 whit 2.008 in (51 mm) diameters and another

one whit 2.403 in (61 mm) diameter.

Then I went to part features and selected extrude [E] then I measured length of cylinder exactly

102 mm as you can see in below.

For material I selected aluminum cast.


6/19

Design Principle

6

I already described about material of cylinder at introduction thats why I selected aluminium

cast

PISTON

For piston I had to use revolve so I should sketch a rectangular whit length of 2.008 in(51 mm)

and wide of 0.984 in(25 mm) why I selected this measure because piston should go inside the

cylinder and come back so length of piston must be same as diameter of cylinder and wide of

piston must be half of length of cylinder and I made some spaces in top line of rectangular

because of the ring of piston(2 mm and 4 mm) as you see in below.(I also showed all dimension

in below).

Then I went to part features for made 3d shape same as last part and selected revolve and

made the piston as you see in below:


7/19

Design Principle

7

Then I needed to made hole in piston so I sketched a circle in bottom of piston whit 1.772 in as

you can see in below:

Then I went to part features and made a hole in bottom of piston as you can see in below:


8/19

Design Principle

8

At This part I wanted made my piston beautiful and different than anyone so I changed and cut

something on piston as you can see in below:

Then I needed to make a hole because I needed to connect wrist pin to piston and then connect

this to connecting road so I sketched circle whit 12 mm diameter as you can see in below:


9/19

Design Principle

9

The material of piston is aluminum polished.

WRIST PINE

That was very easy to make a wrist pine I just sketched a circle and made that in 3d shape as you can see

in below:


10/19

Design Principle

10

The diameter of wrist pine is 12 mm and length of this is 25 mm thats why I selected these measures

Because the diameter of hole on piston is 12 mm and wide of piston is 25 mm so these can be fixing

together as well.

The material of wrist pin is metal steel.

Connecting road

For drawing a connecting road I sketched a circle and then I sketched one more circle into the first circle

then I did same but I just changed the measure means I sketched 2 more circles whit space then I

connected circles to each other whit 2 lines at the last part I used trim for cut something and I sketched

2d of connecting road as you can see in below:(I showed all dimension in the 2d shape).

At second part I went to part features and I used extrude for change the 2d to 3d as you can see in

below:


11/19

Design Principle

11

At the last part I just wanted my connecting road be different and better than anyone so I used fillet and

chamfer to change the connecting road as you can see in below:

The material of connecting road is aluminum machined.

Girth

We need to have two girths one for big circle and another one for small circle for drawing girths I just

copy circles from connecting road and I did same for change the shape from 2d and 3d as you can see:


12/19

Design Principle

12

Crank shaft

For draw the crank shaft I sketched a line whit 102 mm length I selected this measure according to

length of connecting road because crank shaft has rotate and it should be safe when it has rotate. Then I

draw 2 circles and I sketched a rectangular into the circles then I sketched 2 lines for connecting circles


13/19

Design Principle

13

to each other as you can see in below(I showed all dimension in the picture):


14/19

Design Principle

14

At the next part I used trim for cut something and make a crankshaft as you can see in below:

Then I used extrude and made 3d shape

As you can see:


15/19

Design Principle

15

Then I needed to make a main shaft for connect crank shaft to each other so I sketched a circle on the

crankshaft as you can see:

Then I used extrude to make 3d shape as you can see:


16/19

Design Principle

16

At finally I assemble all part together and made that in animation as you can see in cd.

Every part I did for made cylinder I put in cd.


17/19

Design Principle

17

Wrist pinRings

Girth of crankshGirth of wrist

Piston

Body of

Connecting

Assembling

Cylinder & Piston on

crankshaft -Com lete

Assembling

Rings around piston & wrist

pin in it

Cylinder

Assembling Of piston and

connecting rod and

cylinder together

Assembling Of piston andconnecting rod

Assembling

All the parts together

Part of Crankshaft Part of Crankshaft

Assembling

Both girth on the body of

connectin rod


18/19

Design Principle

18

Connecting

Draw in2Dsketchin

Use trim key

Part feature

Extrude -length

Material

aluminum cast

Girths

Drawing in

2Dsketching

Part feature

Extrude

Filet

Crankshaft

Material

aluminum cast

Drawing 2

circle in 2d

Use delete and

trim ke s

2Dsketching-draw circle of

main shaft

Part feature

Extrude

Material metal

steel plate

AssemblingMaterial metal

steel polished

Part feature

Extrude

2Dsketching-

draw circle of

connecting rod

Part feature

Extrude

Material metal

steel polished

Assembling

Assembling

2Dsketchin and

design

Part feature

Extrude cut

3Dsketching

filet key


19/19

Design Principle

19

Flowchart

Cylinder

Drawing 2

circle in 2D

sketching

Part feature

Extrude get

the length in

3D sketchin

Select

material

Piston

Drawing lines

spaces in

2Dsketchin

Revolve get the

360 degree

an le

Part feature

Make hole in

bottom select

the bottom and

2D sketching

draw circle

Part feature

Extrude cut

key select

Hole of wrist

pin and design

select level

2Dsketching -

Part feature

Extrude cut

Material

aluminum

Rin s

Drawing 2 circle

in 2D sketching

Part feature

Extrude select

circles and length

Material metal

steel

Wrist pin

Drawing 2 circle

in 2D sketching

Part feature

Extrude select

circles and length

Material

aluminumAssembling

Assembling

Assembling

Assembling

introduction to define cylinder

Documents