introduction to bonding
DESCRIPTION
Chemical Bonding. Introduction to Bonding. A. Vocabulary. Chemical Bond attractive force between atoms or ions that binds them together as a unit bonds form in order to… decrease potential energy (PE) increase stability. A. Vocabulary. CHEMICAL FORMULA. IONIC. COVALENT. Formula - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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I II III IV
Chemical Bonding
Introduction toBonding
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A. VocabularyChemical Bond
attractive force between atoms or ions that binds them together as a unit
bonds form in order to…decrease potential energy (PE)increase stability
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A. Vocabulary
CHEMICAL FORMULA
MolecularFormula
FormulaUnit
IONIC COVALENT
CO2NaCl
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A. Vocabulary
COMPOUND
TernaryCompound
BinaryCompound
2 elements more than 2elements
NaNO3NaCl
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A. Vocabulary
ION
PolyatomicIon
MonatomicIon
1 atom 2 or more atoms
NO3-Na+
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C. Johannesson
IONIC COVALENTBond FormationType of Structure
Solubility in WaterElectrical ConductivityOtherProperties
e- are transferred from metal to nonmetal
high
yes (solution or liquid)
yes
e- are shared between two nonmetals
low
no
usually not
MeltingPoint
crystal lattice true molecules
B. Types of Bonds
Physical State solid liquid or gas
odorous
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C. Johannesson
“electron sea”
METALLICBond FormationType of Structure
Solubility in WaterElectrical ConductivityOtherProperties
MeltingPoint
B. Types of Bonds
Physical State
e- are delocalized among metal atoms
very high
yes (any form)
no
malleable, ductile, lustrous
solid
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C. Bond PolarityMost bonds are
a blend of ionic and covalent characteristics.
Difference in electronegativity determines bond type.
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C. Bond PolarityElectronegativity
Attraction an atom has for a shared pair of electrons.
higher e-neg atom -
lower e-neg atom +
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C. Bond PolarityElectronegativity Trend (p. 151)
Increases up and to the right.
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Nonpolar Covalent Bond e- are shared equally symmetrical e- density usually identical atoms
C. Bond Polarity
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+ -
C. Bond PolarityPolar Covalent Bond
e- are shared unequally asymmetrical e- density results in partial charges (dipole)
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C. Johannesson
Nonpolar
Polar
Ionic
View Bonding Animations.
C. Bond Polarity
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C. Bond Polarity
Examples:Cl2
HCl
NaCl
3.0-3.0=0.0Nonpolar
3.0-2.1=0.9Polar
3.0-0.9=2.1Ionic