ARVIN santosbuendia

INTRODUCTION

TO

PROGRAMMING

OBJECTIVES

1.Define COMPUTER SCIENCE2.List and explain terms related to PROGRAMMING3.Summarize what LANGUAGE and SUB-LANGUAGE means and

relate it with PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE4.Differentiate LOW-LEVEL , MIDDLE-LEVEL and HIGH-LEVEL

PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE5.List the 5 process involves in SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE

PROCESS6.Explain each process in the SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE PROCESS

COMPUTER SCIENCE

PROGRAMMING

is the art and science of creating computer programs

is also called software engineering which is a multistep process for creating a program

ALGORITHM – is a set of ordered steps for solving a

problem

LOGIC – is the theory and art of critical and analytical

reasoning

PROGRAM – is a list of instructions that the

computer must follow to process data into

information

PROGRAMMER – the person who creates a program, he makes the computer to “act

intelligently” or not

CODING – is simply typing words and numbers onto a

computer

ENCODER – the person who type characters onto the

computer

GIGO – Garbage In, Garbage Out

CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

Language is a medium for

communication

Languages we speak are called

natural languages

Programminglanguage is a subsetof the set of natural

languages

It contains all the symbols, characters, and usage rules

that permit a human being to communicate with computers

Varieties of programming languages have been invented

over the years of computer history

CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGESHIGH LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE MIDDLE LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE LOW LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

VISUAL BASIC/JAVA TURBO – C ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE

unsigned int fib(unsigned int n)

if n <= 0 thenreturn 0

else if n <= 2 then return 1

else Dim a = 1, b = 1, c, n as Integer while (true) c = a + bif n <= 3 thenreturn c a = b b = c n=n-1 wendend if

end if

unsigned int fib(unsigned int n) { if (n <= 0) return 0; else if (n <= 2) return 1; else { int a,b,c; a = 1; b = 1; while (true) { c = a + b; if (n <= 3) return c; a = b; b = c; n--; }}}

fib: mov edx, [esp+8] cmp edx, 0 ja @f mov eax, 0 ret

@@: cmp edx, 2 ja @f mov eax, 1 ret @@: push ebxmov ebx, 1 mov ecx, 1 @@: lea eax, [ebx+ecx] cmp edx, 3 jbe @f mov ebx, ecxmov ecx, eaxdec edxjmp @b @@: pop ebxret

SDLC - SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE

SDLC – PROBLEM ANALYSIS

Define the problemand the user

Determine the desired output

Determine the desired inputs

Determine the desired processing

Double check the feasibility of

implementing the program

Document the analysis

SDLC – PROGRAM DESIGN

Top-Down Approach

Algorithm

Pseudocode

Flowchart

Do a structured walkthrough

SDLC – PROGRAM CODING

• Computations

• Database

• Web

• Information System

Select the appropriate

programming language

• syntax of a computer language is the set of rules that defines the combinations of symbols that are considered to be a correctly structured document or fragment in that language

Follow the syntax

SDLC – PROGRAM TESTING

SDLC – DOCUMENTATION AND MAINTENANCE

User Documentation

Operator Documentation

Programmer documentation

Maintain the program