intro to green it february 2010

7/29/2019 Intro to Green IT February 2010

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February 25,2013

HCL Career development center

Sunday, 10 March 2013 1


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Agenda

Problem/Background What is Green IT? Energy Efficient IT Architecture Advanced Power and Cooling Integration with Building and Landscape Architecture Using IT to enhance environmental education and

responsibility Using IT to save energy Green IT Alliance Projects

Thin-Client Computer Lab Grid Computer Project Solar/Wind Projects

Ornamental Cooling Pond/Living Roof Interpretive Walk



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1 large, 100,000 sq ft Datacenter 30MW Power Consumption

Equivalent Power Consumption of 60,000

individuals Equivalent CO2 Output of 6,700 Households or

23,000 cars

Annual Power Bill~$5.3M @ $0.02/kWhr (Quincy)

~$12.7M @ $0.05/kWhr (Eastern Washington)

~$22.3M @ $0.09/kWhr (National Average)

~$31.8M @ $0.12/kWhr (Green Power Average)

Wild Horse Wind Farm, ~ 230MW Peak, 100 MW average ~8,600 Acre Range, 167 Acre Turbine Area, $380 Million Investment

Solar @ $6/Watt, 30MW with Eastern Washington insolation ~

300 Acres of Panel Area, $1.1B investment!

Data Center Problem



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Background

Washington State Governors Agenda Priorities supportive ofClean Technology Initiatives and Job Growth

I-937, LEED for Gov Bldgs, Bio-Diesel Initiatives, etc.

National Recognition of Huge Problem associated with Energy

Demands for Power/Cooling of IT Infrastructure

Fastest Growing Segment of Energy Demand

Green Building/Sustainable Architecture is a Major National

Thrust

Very Little Effort to Address IT Infrastructure

Ground Floor Opportunity Exists to Take a Leadership Position

in Integrating Green IT Technologies into Green Building

Practices



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Pullman IPZ

Pullman IPZ Strategy is to Focus on collaborative

projects in the following areas

Green IT

Clean Technology

Alternative Energy

Sustainable Architecture

Execute High Profile Projects that Create Future

Economic Opportunity

Foster Innovation and Collaboration among the IPZ

Partners Prioritize based upon Future Business Growth

Potential



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Technical Emphasis Areas

Energy Efficient IT Hardware/Software/Network Architecture Virtualization/Grid Computing/Thin Client

Power and Cooling Infrastructure SprayCool/DC Distribution/Power Aware

Integration into Building/landscapeArchitecture Modular Data Centers, Cooling Pond/Radiant

Floor Heat/Green Power



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Projects

IT Architecture Thin Client/Virtualization Training Lab

Workgroup Cluster Energy Productivity

Advanced Power and Cooling Renewable Energy Powered IT

Solar Project

Wind Project

Server Power and Cooling Liquid Cooling/Waste Heat Re-Use

DC Distribution

Integration with Bldg and Landscape Architecture Ornamental Cooling Ponds

Living Roofs

Interpretive Walk/Wetland Restoration



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ProblemStatement

Why Data Centers? Highly energy-intensive and rapidly growing

Consume 10 to 100 times more energy per square footthan a typical office building

Large potential impact on electricity supplyand distribution

Used about 45 billion kWhin 2005

At current rates, powerrequirements could doublein 5 years.

8Sunday, 10 March 2013


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Lack of efficiency definitions for equipment and datacenters (Being addressed by www.thegreengrid.org)

Service output difficult to measure, varies among applications

Need for metrics and more data:

How do we account for computing performance?

Split incentives

Disconnect between IT and facilities managers

Risk aversion

Fear of change and potential downtime; energy efficiency perceived asa change with uncertain value and risk

9

Key Barriers

EPA Report: Call for Pilot Projects, TestCenters, Federal Leadership by example

Sunday, 10 March 2013


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Energy Efficiency Opportunities

10

Server Load/ComputingOperations

CoolingEquipment

PowerDistribution &Conversions



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Data Center EnergyUse

11

Typical Data Center Energy End Use


CoolingEquipment

Power Conversions& Distribution

100 Units

33 UnitsDelivered

35 Units



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Typical EnergyFlow/Use

12


CoolingEquipment

PowerConversion &Distribution

DeliveredPower

ElectricityGeneration &

TransmissionLosses

FuelB

urnedatPower

Plant



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Typical Energy Flow/Use

13

Will reduce cooling needs


CoolingEquipment

PowerConversion &Distribution

Reducing server power requirements

Lowering power conversion losses

ElectricityGeneration &Transmission

Losses

DeliveredElectricity

ultimately reducing fuel burned at the power plantReducing power demand and losses

FuelBurnedatPowerPlant

On-Site Generation furtherreduces losses and emissions!



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Energy Efficiency Opportunities

14

Server Load/Computing

Operations

CoolingEquipment

PowerConversion &

Distribution

AlternativePower

Generation

High voltage distribution

Use of DC power Highly efficient UPS systems

Efficient redundancy strategies

Load management

Server innovation Better air management

Move to liquid cooling

Optimized chilled-water plants Use of free cooling

On-site generation

CHP applications

Waste heat for cooling

Use of renewable energy

Fuel cells



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Thin Client Training Lab

Thin Client

UPS

Server

Meter

Standard PC

UPS

Server

Meter



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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

16:00:29 16:02:30 16:04:31 16:06:32 16:08:33 16:10:34 16:12:35 16:14:36

Power(W

)

Time (hr:min:sec)

PC Power Only

SystemIdle

ScreenSaver On

MonitorsOff

Start Standby

Mode

StartHibernation

FullHibernatio

n Mode



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0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

15:00:00 15:02:01 15:04:02 15:06:03 15:08:04 15:10:05 15:12:06 15:14:07

Power(W

)

Time (hr:min:sec)

PC with Single LCD Monitor

System Idle

ScreenSaver On

Monitors Off

StartStandby

Mode

StartHibernation

FullHibernation Mode



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0

50

100

150

200

250

11:54:14 11:58:16 12:02:18 12:06:20 12:10:22 12:14:24

Power(W)

Time (hr:min:sec)

PC with Single CRT MonitorSystem Idle

Screen Saver On

Monitors Off

Start StandbyMode

StartHibernation

FullHibernation Mode



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0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

10:52:34 10:54:35 10:56:36 10:58:37 11:00:38 11:02:39 11:04:40 11:06:41

Power(W

)

Time (hr:min:sec)

PC with Dual CRT Monitors

System IdleScreen SaverOn

Monitors Off

Start StandbyMode

StartHibernation

Full

Hibernation Mode



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Thin-Client ClusterMonitoring



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Thin Client Testing

Tested two exciting new Architectures

Cloud Computing Model

Managed desktop, reboot to restore, hosted

model ~70% energy reduction, 25% installed cost

reduction

X550 Five head Graphics Adapter style

Standard Windows PC architecture\ Transparent to user

~70% energy reduction, 60% installed costreduction

Both Solar power compatibleSunday, 10 March 2013 21


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IT Metering/Energy Productivity



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Energy ProductivityCPU cycles vs CPU Utilization

00:00.0

01:26.4

02:52.8

04:19.2

05:45.6

07:12.0

08:38.4

10:04.8

11:31.2

0 20 40 60 80 100

CPU Utilization

CPUCycleCount

0

2

4

68

10

12

14

16

00:01.9 03:51.1 03:29.4 04:55.6 09:51.0

idle benchmark apps 50 100

Energy(a

ttHours

Energy USe vs. Cycle Count

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

00:00.0 02:52.8 05:45.6 08:38.4 11:31.2

CPU Cycle Count

Energy(WattHours)

Power vs. CPU Utilization

020

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0 20 40 60 80 100

CPU Utilization (%)

Power(Watts)



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Energy Use by Application

Application Energy Use (Watt-hours)

35.43

9.11

5.43

1.67

1.040.12

0.34 cpuSucker

RpcSandraSrv

Visual Studio

ccApp

Norton

explorer

Background

Average Utilization (44.98%)



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Green Grid Computer

Supercomputer Cluster up!

WSU paid for fiber connection betweenWSU and GITA

GITA bought additional switch gear to creategrid cluster

WSU Added nodes with user demand

Future DirectionsAdd long-haul connections between other

campuses and PNNL

Add advanced architectures



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Green Grid Cluster



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Expanded Cluster



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Thin Client Training Lab

Thin Client

UPS

Server

Meter

Standard PC

UPS

Server

Meter


R bl E P d


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Renewable Energy PoweredEnterprise IT Concepts

Use Renewable Energy as part of missioncritical power infrastructure for Enterprise

IT Networks Test Grid-Tie Systems with Battery Back-

up to act as the UPS/Back-Up Generationfor Enterprise IT Infrastructure

Test Thin-Client Architectures with DCDistribution and Battery Back-UP



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Project Objectives

Solar/Wind Project Install Real Time Weather Monitoring

Wind Speed, Direction, Incident Solar Radiation,Temperature, Humidity, Pressure, etc.

Install All Solar and Wind System

Compare Power Distribution Architectures

Integrate Smart Grid Technology

Create Test Lab for Technical/EconomicAssessment

Conduct Education/Outreach and BusinessDevelopment

Power Data Center/Plug-In Vehicle ChargingSunday, 10 March 2013 30


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Renewable Energy Project

Server

AC/DC DC/AC

480V 3

DC

Energy

Store

+

UPSPDU

480V 3Power Supply

208Vor

120V

AC/DC DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/AC

~~

High Voltage

Transmission

Renewable Energy

Remote Site

Grid Transmission

Building Conversion and Distribution

Server

AC/DC DC/AC

480V 3

DC

Energy

Store

+

UPSPDU

480V 3Power Supply

208Vor

120V

AC/DC DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/AC

~~

High Voltage

Transmission

Server

AC/DC DC/AC

480V 3

DC

Energy

Store

+

UPSPDU

480V 3Power Supply

208Vor

120V

AC/DC DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

Server

AC/DC DC/AC

480V 3

DC

Energy

Store

+

UPSPDU

480V 3Power Supply

208Vor

120V

AC/DC DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/AC

~~

High Voltage

Transmission

DC/AC

~~~~

High Voltage

Transmission

Renewable Energy

Remote Site

Grid Transmission

Building Conversion and Distribution


Renewable Energy


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Renewable EnergyProject

Server

AC/DC DC/AC

480V 3

DC

Energy

Store

+

UPSPDU

480V 3Power Supply

208V

or

120V

AC/DC DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

Server

AC/DC DC/AC

480V 3

DC

Energy

Store

+

UPSPDU

480V 3Power Supply

208V

or

120V

AC/DC DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

DC/DC

Cut out 5 conversion steps, should improve efficiency by 50% or more

Traditional Installation ~ $11,000/Server Installation Cost

Proposed Installation ~ $6,700/Server Installation Cost*


Architecture


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ArchitectureOption

text

text

text

text

text

text

text

Solar

Generator

Server Cluster Direct Coupled to Renewable Energy

Using Existing Power Distribution Infrastructure

150 VDC to 380 VDC

Grid

UPS

Smart

Strip

Feed B

Smart

Strip

Feed A

120 V AC

Power Supply B

Power Supply A

Server Cluster

Smart Strips are software

controlled to perform maximum

power point tracking (MPPT) byswitching load between AC and

DC sources.

Battery Bank

Smart Strips are software

controlled to divert excess

power to a bank of batteries.

The servers can draw from the

batteries when solar production

decreases.



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Preliminary Results

192.04

172.62

73.86

172.161

83.368

112.7

214.896

112.792114.82

162.39

248.54

303.03

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Server1withbothPower

SuppliesonAC

Server1withonePower

SupplyonAC

Server1withonePower

SupplyonDCandonePower

SupplyonAC

OneServerwithonePower

SupplyonDC

TwoServers,Eachwithone

ACFeed

TwoServers,Eachwithone

PowerSupplyonACandone

onDC

TwoServers,OnewithSingle

DCfeedandonewithACand

DCInput

InputPowe

r(W)

DC Power (W)

Server 2 AC Power (W)

Server 1 AC Power (W)



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Testing Direct Server Coupling ~2-3% Efficiency Gain

~50% Installation Cost Reduction

Testing UPS DC Operating

Characteristics/Efficiency

Preliminary Results


36/53

Project Updates

Solar Project Progress Procured 54 Solar Panels, Outback Inverter, Battery

Backup System

Tested three architectures new architectures

Direct Server Coupling at high voltage Low voltage distribution for client terminals

Grid-tie with battery back-up installed as Server rack UPS

Installation Underway

Issues/Risks Code compliance for new architectures/UL Certificationof designs, new components



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Traditional Architecture

UPS

Standard PCClients



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Grid-Tie Solar as IT UPS

Battery Back-Up

Charge ControllerGrid-Tie Inverter



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DC Thin Client Architecture

Battery Back-Up

Charge ControllerGrid-Tie InverterCharger

4 to 8 timesLess Power thanStandard PCs



40/53

Solar PC Cluster

0

50

100

150

200

250

11:22:34 11:29:46 11:36:58 11:44:10 11:51:22 11:58:34 12:05:46 12:12:58

UPSACPowerDraw(W)

Time (hr:min)

UPS Disconnected from ACSource,Both Cumputers RunningOff Battery and PVDC Computer run

off of UPSbattery

Batterydisconnected fromUPS charging

system. 16 Wdraw is UPSparasitic powerdraw.

PV PanelsConnected

Fluctuationsdue topassingclouds

AC computer

turn on to bootup

AC and DCsystems

separated

Both cumputers

running on AC andPV/battery inparallel

AC and DCsystems

separated

PVDisconnected



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Solar Installation



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Metered Charging


Advanced Liquid


43/53

Advanced LiquidCooling

The use of liquid cooling of servers

enables reductions in power by rejectingheat directly outside into ornamentalcooling ponds, or the re-use of heat foroffice heating in the winter.


Ornamental


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OrnamentalCooling Ponds

Traditional Approach

Replace Tower withPond, in Summer. InWinter, re-use Heat forOffice Spaces



45/53

Ornamental Cooling Pond



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Water Line HEAT

Server Heat Re-Use


Wi d P


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Wind Power


W th M it i d


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Weather Monitoring andData Collection



49/53

Living Roof


Interpreti e Walk


50/53

Interpretive WalkRestoration

Self Contained Solar Power Kiosk


Green


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GreenWireless

Rural Broadband WirelessAccess/Subscriber Computing

Partners Green IT Alliance

- Integration, Power Testing

Galexis Technologies

- Wireless System Design/Integration/Service

First Step Internet- ISP

Safedesk

- Low Power Computer Platform


I t ti W lk R t ti


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Interpretive Walk Restoration

Solar Powered Irrigation SystemSunday, 10 March 2013 52


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Conclusions

Green IT

IT is a major power consumer

A significant percentage of the power is

wasted Opportunities exist to dramtically improve IT

energy efficiency

IT can be a very beneficial part of the Green

movement

intro to green it february 2010

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